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Statement of Additional Information
December 31, 2024
 
 
Share Class | Ticker
A  | FHEQX
Institutional | FHESX
R6 | FHERX
 
Federated Hermes SDG Engagement Equity Fund
A Portfolio of Federated Hermes Adviser Series
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a Prospectus. Read this SAI in conjunction with the Prospectus for Federated Hermes SDG Engagement Equity Fund (the “Fund”), dated December 31, 2024.
This SAI incorporates by reference the Fund’s annual financial statements filed on Form N-CSR. Obtain the Fund’s Prospectus, SAI, Annual Report, Semi-Annual Report and other information, such as financial statements, without charge by calling 1-800-341-7400. You may also access the Fund’s Prospectus, SAI, Annual Report, Semi-Annual Report, financial statements and other information on the Fund’s website at FederatedHermes.com/us/FundInformation. 
Federated Hermes SDG Engagement Equity Fund
Federated Hermes Funds
4000 Ericsson Drive
Warrendale, PA 15086-7561
Contact us at FederatedHermes.com/us
or call 1-800-341-7400.
Federated Securities Corp., Distributor
Q454866 (12/24)
© 2024 Federated Hermes, Inc.
How is the Fund Organized?
The Fund is a portfolio of Federated Hermes Adviser Series (“Trust”) and is a diversified, open-end, management investment company. The Trust was established as a Delaware statutory trust on July 12, 2017, pursuant to a Certificate of Trust, which is governed by the laws of the State of Delaware. Prior to August 16, 2018, the Trust was named Federated MDT Equity Trust. Effective June 26, 2020, the Trust changed its name from Federated Adviser Series to Federated Hermes Adviser Series.
The Board of Trustees (“Board”) has established three classes of shares of the Fund, known as Class A Shares, Institutional Shares and Class R6 Shares. This SAI relates to all classes of shares. The Fund’s investment adviser is Federated Global Investment Management Corporation (“Fed Global”) and the Fund’s sub-adviser is Hermes Investment Management Limited (“HIML” and, collectively with Fed Global, the “Adviser”).
Securities in Which the Fund Invests
The principal securities or other investments in which the Fund invests are described in the Fund’s Prospectus. The Fund also may invest in securities or other investments as non-principal investments for any purpose that is consistent with its investment objective. The following information is either additional information in respect of a principal security or other investment referenced in the Prospectus or information in respect of a non-principal security or other investment (in which case there is no related disclosure in the Prospectus).
Securities Descriptions and Techniques
Equity Securities
Equity securities represent a share of an issuer’s earnings and assets, after the issuer pays its liabilities. The Fund cannot predict the income it will receive from equity securities because issuers generally have discretion as to the payment of any dividends or distributions. However, equity securities offer greater potential for appreciation than many other types of securities, because their value increases directly with the value of the issuer’s business. The following further describes the types of equity securities in which the Fund invests. This information is either additional information in respect of a principal security referenced in the Prospectus or information in respect of a non-principal security (in which case there is no related disclosure in the Prospectus).
Preferred Stocks
Preferred stocks have the right to receive specified dividends or distributions before the issuer makes payments on its common stock. Some preferred stocks also participate in dividends and distributions paid on common stock. Preferred stocks may also permit the issuer to redeem the stock.
Interests in Other Limited Liability Companies
Entities such as limited partnerships, limited liability companies, business trusts and companies organized outside the United States may issue securities comparable to common or preferred stock.
Warrants
Warrants give the Fund the option to buy the issuer’s equity securities at a specified price (the “exercise price”) at a specified future date (the “expiration date”). The Fund may buy the designated securities by paying the exercise price before the expiration date. Warrants may become worthless if the price of the stock does not rise above the exercise price by the expiration date. This increases the market risks of warrants as compared to the underlying security. Rights are the same as warrants, except companies typically issue rights to existing stockholders.
Fixed-Income Securities
Fixed-income securities pay interest, dividends or distributions at a specified rate. The rate may be a fixed percentage of the principal or adjusted periodically. In addition, the issuer of a fixed-income security must repay the principal amount of the security, normally within a specified time. Fixed-income securities provide more regular income than equity securities. However, the returns on fixed-income securities are limited and normally do not increase with the issuer’s earnings. This limits the potential appreciation of fixed-income securities as compared to equity securities.
A security’s yield measures the annual income earned on a security as a percentage of its price. A security’s yield will increase or decrease depending upon whether it costs less (a “discount”) or more (a “premium”) than the principal amount. If the issuer may redeem the security before its scheduled maturity, the price and yield on a discount or premium security may change based upon the probability of an early redemption. Securities with higher risks generally have higher yields.
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The following further describes the types of fixed-income securities in which the Fund invests. This information is either additional information in respect of a principal security referenced in the Prospectus or information in respect of a non-principal security (in which case there is no related disclosure in the Prospectus).
Treasury Securities
Treasury securities are direct obligations of the federal government of the United States. Treasury securities are generally regarded as having minimal credit risks.
Government Securities
Government securities are issued or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality acting under federal authority. Some government securities, including those issued by Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States and are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal.
Other government securities receive support through federal subsidies, loans or other benefits but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. For example, the U.S. Treasury is authorized to purchase specified amounts of securities issued by (or otherwise make funds available to) the Federal Home Loan Bank System, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) and Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) in support of such obligations.
Some government agency securities have no explicit financial support, and are supported only by the credit of the applicable agency, instrumentality or corporation. The U.S. government has provided financial support to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, but there is no assurance that it will support these or other agencies in the future.
Investors generally regard government securities as having minimal credit risks, but not as low as Treasury securities.
The Fund treats mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality as government securities. Although such a guarantee helps protect against credit risk, it does not eliminate it entirely or reduce other risks.
Additional Information Related to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. The extreme and unprecedented volatility and disruption that impacted the capital and credit markets beginning in 2008 led to market concerns regarding the ability of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae to withstand future credit losses associated with securities held in their investment portfolios, and on which they provide guarantees, without the direct support of the federal government. On September 7, 2008, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were placed under the conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). Under the plan of conservatorship, the FHFA assumed control of, and generally has the power to direct, the operations of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and is empowered to exercise all powers collectively held by their respective shareholders, directors and officers, including the power to: (1) take over the assets of and operate Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae with all the powers of the shareholders, the directors and the officers of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and conduct all business of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (2) collect all obligations and money due to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (3) perform all functions of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which are consistent with the conservator’s appointment; (4) preserve and conserve the assets and property of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; and (5) contract for assistance in fulfilling any function, activity, action or duty of the conservator.
In connection with the actions taken by the FHFA, the Treasury has entered into certain preferred stock purchase agreements (SPAs) with each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which establish the Treasury as the holder of a new class of senior preferred stock in each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. The senior preferred stock was issued in connection with financial contributions from the Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Although the SPAs are subject to amendment from time to time, currently the Treasury is obligated to provide such financial contributions up to an aggregate maximum amount determined by a formula set forth in the SPAs, and until such aggregate maximum amount is reached, there is not a specific end date to the Treasury’s obligations.
The future status and role of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae could be impacted by (among other things) the actions taken and restrictions placed on Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by the FHFA in its role as conservator, the restrictions placed on Freddie Mac’s and Fannie Mae’s operations and activities under the SPAs, market responses to developments in Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, downgrades or upgrades in the credit ratings assigned to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) or ratings services, and future legislative and regulatory action that alters the operations, ownership, structure and/or mission of these institutions, each of which may, in turn, impact the value of, and cash flows on, any securities guaranteed by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
In addition, the future of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and other U.S. government-sponsored enterprises that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government (GSEs), remains in question as the U.S. government continues to consider options ranging from structural reform, nationalization, privatization, or consolidation, to outright elimination. The issues that have led to significant U.S. government support for Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae have sparked serious debate regarding the continued role of the U.S. government in providing mortgage loan liquidity.
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Convertible Securities (A Fixed-Income Security)
Convertible securities are fixed-income securities or preferred stocks that the Fund has the option to exchange for equity securities at a specified conversion price. The option allows the Fund to realize additional returns if the market price of the equity securities exceeds the conversion price. For example, the Fund may hold fixed-income securities that are convertible into shares of common stock at a conversion price of $10 per share. If the market value of the shares of common stock reached $12, the Fund could realize an additional $2 per share by converting its fixed-income securities.
Convertible securities have lower yields than comparable fixed-income securities. In addition, at the time a convertible security is issued the conversion price exceeds the market value of the underlying equity securities. Thus, convertible securities may provide lower returns than non-convertible, fixed-income securities or equity securities depending upon changes in the price of the underlying equity securities. However, convertible securities permit the Fund to realize some of the potential appreciation of the underlying equity securities with less risk of losing its initial investment.
The Fund treats convertible securities as both fixed-income and equity securities for purposes of its investment policies and limitations, because of their unique characteristics, except that for purposes of the Non-Fundamental Names Rule Policy the Fund will not consider convertible securities to be equity securities.
Bank Instruments (A Fixed-Income Security)
Bank instruments are unsecured, interest-bearing deposits with banks. Bank instruments include, but are not limited to, bank accounts, time deposits, certificates of deposit and banker’s acceptances. Yankee instruments are denominated in U.S. dollars and issued by U.S. branches of foreign banks. Eurodollar instruments are denominated in U.S. dollars and issued by non-U.S. branches of U.S. or foreign banks.
Corporate Debt Securities (A Fixed-Income Security)
Corporate debt securities are fixed-income securities issued by businesses. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most prevalent types of corporate debt securities. The Fund may also purchase interests in bank loans to companies. The credit risks of corporate debt securities vary widely among issuers.
Commercial Paper (A Type of Corporate Debt Security)
Commercial paper is an issuer’s obligation with a maturity of less than nine months. Companies typically issue commercial paper to pay for current expenditures. Most issuers constantly reissue their commercial paper and use the proceeds (or bank loans) to repay maturing paper. If the issuer cannot continue to obtain liquidity in this fashion, its commercial paper may default. The short maturity of commercial paper generally reduces both the market and credit risks as compared to other debt securities of the same issuer.
Foreign Government Securities (A Type of Foreign Fixed-Income Security)
Foreign government securities generally consist of fixed-income securities supported by national, state or provincial governments or similar political subdivisions. Foreign government securities also include debt obligations of supranational entities, such as international organizations designed or supported by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or development, international banking institutions and related government agencies. Examples of these include, but are not limited to, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the “World Bank”), the Asian Development Bank, the European Investment Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank.
Foreign government securities also include fixed-income securities of quasi-governmental agencies that are either issued by entities owned by a national, state or equivalent government or are obligations of a political unit that are not backed by the national government’s full faith and credit. Further, foreign government securities include mortgage-related securities issued or guaranteed by national, state or provincial governmental instrumentalities, including quasi-governmental agencies.
Derivative Contracts
Derivative contracts are financial instruments that derive their value from underlying securities, commodities, currencies, indices or other assets or instruments, including other derivative contracts (each a “Reference Instrument” and collectively, “Reference Instruments”). The most common types of derivative contracts are swaps, futures and options, and the major asset classes include interest rates, equities, commodities and foreign exchange. Each party to a derivative contract may sometimes be referred to as a “counterparty.” Some derivative contracts require payments relating to an actual, future trade involving the Reference Instrument. These types of derivatives are frequently referred to as “physically settled” derivatives. Other derivative contracts require payments relating to the income or returns from, or changes in the market value of, a Reference Instrument. These types of derivatives are known as “cash settled” derivatives, since they require cash payments in lieu of delivery of the Reference Instrument.
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Many derivative contracts are traded on exchanges. In these circumstances, the relevant exchange sets all the terms of the contract except for the price. Parties to an exchange-traded derivative contract make payments through the exchange. Most exchanges require traders to maintain margin accounts through their brokers to cover their potential obligations to the exchange. Parties to the contract make or collect daily payments to the margin accounts to reflect losses (or gains), respectively, in the value of their contracts. This protects traders against a potential default by their counterparty. Trading contracts on an exchange also allows traders to hedge or mitigate certain risks or carry out more complex trading strategies by entering into offsetting contracts.
For example, the Fund could close out an open contract to buy an asset at a future date by entering into an offsetting contract to sell the same asset on the same date. If the offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a gain; if it is less, the Fund realizes a loss. Exchanges may limit the amount of open contracts permitted at any one time. Such limits may prevent the Fund from closing out a position. If this happens, the Fund will be required to keep the contract open (even if it is losing money on the contract), and to make any payments required under the contract (even if it has to sell portfolio securities at unfavorable prices to do so). Inability to close out a contract could also harm the Fund by preventing it from disposing of or trading any assets it has been using to secure its obligations under the contract.
The Fund may also trade derivative contracts over-the-counter (OTC), meaning off-exchange, in transactions negotiated directly between the Fund and an eligible counterparty, which may be a financial institution. OTC contracts do not necessarily have standard terms, so they may be less liquid and more difficult to close out than exchange-traded derivative contracts. In addition, OTC contracts with more specialized terms may be more difficult to value than exchange-traded contracts, especially in times of financial stress.
The market for swaps and other OTC derivatives was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”). Regulations enacted by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) under the Dodd-Frank Act require the Fund to clear certain types of swap contracts (including certain interest rate and credit default swaps) through a central clearinghouse known as a derivatives clearing organization (DCO).
To clear a swap through a DCO, the Fund will submit the contract to, and post margin with, a futures commission merchant (FCM) that is a clearinghouse member. The Fund may enter into the swap with a counterparty other than the FCM and arrange for the contract to be transferred to the FCM for clearing or enter into the contract with the FCM itself. If the Fund must centrally clear a transaction, the CFTC’s regulations also generally require that the swap be executed on a registered exchange (either a designated contract market (DCM) or swap execution facility (SEF)). Central clearing is presently required only for certain swaps; the CFTC is expected to impose a mandatory central clearing requirement for additional derivative instruments over time.
DCOs, DCMs, SEFs and FCMs are all subject to regulatory oversight by the CFTC. In addition, certain derivative market participants that act as market makers, and engage in a significant amount of “dealing” activity are as also required to register as swap dealers with the CFTC. Among other things, swap dealers are subject to minimum capital requirements and business conduct standards and must also post and collect initial and variation margin on uncleared swaps with certain of their counterparties. Because of this, if the Fund enters into uncleared swaps with any swap dealers, it may be subject to initial and variation margin requirements that could impact the Fund’s ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market, including making transacting in uncleared swaps significantly more expensive.
At this point in time, most of the Dodd-Frank Act has been fully implemented, though a small number of remaining rulemakings are unfinished or are subject to phase-in periods. Any future regulatory or legislative activity would not necessarily have a direct, immediate effect upon the Fund, though it is within the realm of possibility that, upon implementation of these measures or any future measures, they could potentially limit or completely restrict the ability of the Fund to use these instruments as a part of its investment strategy, increase the costs of using these instruments or make them less effective.
Depending on how the Fund uses derivative contracts and the relationships between the market value of a derivative contract and the Reference Instrument, derivative contracts may increase or decrease the Fund’s exposure to the risks of the Reference Instrument and may also expose the Fund to liquidity and leverage risk. OTC contracts also expose the Fund to credit risk in the event that a counterparty defaults on the contract, although this risk may be mitigated by submitting the contract for clearing through a DCO, or certain other factors, such as collecting margin from the counterparty.
The Fund may invest in a derivative contract if it is permitted to own, invest in or otherwise have economic exposure to the Reference Instrument. The Fund is not required to own a Reference Instrument in order to buy or sell a derivative contract relating to that Reference Instrument. The Fund may trade in the following specific types and/or combinations of derivative contracts:
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Futures Contracts (A Type of Derivative)
Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a Reference Instrument at a specified price, date and time. Entering into a contract to buy a Reference Instrument is commonly referred to as buying a contract or holding a long position in the asset. Entering into a contract to sell a Reference Instrument is commonly referred to as selling a contract or holding a short position in the Reference Instrument. Futures contracts are considered to be commodity contracts. The Adviser has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act with respect to the Fund and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the Act with respect to the Fund. The Fund can buy or sell financial futures (such as interest rate futures, index futures and security futures), as well as currency futures and currency forward contracts.
Foreign Exchange Contracts
In order to convert U.S. dollars into the currency needed to buy a foreign security, or to convert foreign currency received from the sale of a foreign security into U.S. dollars, the Fund may enter into spot currency trades. In a spot trade, the Fund agrees to exchange one currency for another at the current exchange rate. The Fund may also enter into derivative contracts in which a foreign currency is an underlying asset. The exchange rate for currency derivative contracts may be higher or lower than the spot exchange rate. Use of these derivative contracts may increase or decrease the Fund’s exposure to currency risks.
Interest Rate Futures
An interest rate futures contract is an exchange-traded contract for which the Reference Instrument is an interest-bearing fixed-income security or an inter-bank deposit. Two examples of common interest rate futures contracts are U.S. Treasury futures contracts and Eurodollar futures contracts. The Reference Instrument for a U.S. Treasury futures contract is a U.S. Treasury security. The Reference Instrument for a Eurodollar futures contract is the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (commonly referred to as SOFR); Eurodollar futures contracts enable the purchaser to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds over a stated period of time and the seller to obtain a fixed rate for a borrowing of funds over that same period.
Index Futures
An index futures contract is an exchange-traded contract to make or receive a payment based upon changes in the value of an index. An index is a statistical composite that measures changes in the value of designated Reference Instruments within the index.
Security Futures
A security futures contract is an exchange-traded contract to purchase or sell in the future a specific quantity of a security (other than a Treasury security) or a narrow-based securities index at a certain price. Presently, the only available security futures contracts use shares of a single equity security as the Reference Instrument. However, it is possible that in the future security futures contracts will be developed that use a single fixed-income security as the Reference Instrument.
Currency Futures and Currency Forward Contracts (Types of Futures Contracts)
A currency futures contract is an exchange-traded contract to buy or sell a particular currency at a specific price at some time in the future (commonly three months or more). A currency forward contract is not an exchange-traded contract and represents an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, at a price set at the time of the contract and for a period agreed upon by the parties which may be either a window of time or a fixed number of days from the date of the contract. Currency futures and forward contracts are highly volatile, with a relatively small price movement potentially resulting in substantial gains or losses to the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may lose money on currency futures and forward contracts if changes in currency rates do not occur as anticipated or if the Fund’s counterparty to the contract were to default.
Option Contracts (A Type of Derivative)
Option contracts (also called “options”) are rights to buy or sell a Reference Instrument for a specified price (the “exercise price”) during, or at the end of, a specified period. The seller (or “writer”) of the option receives a payment, or premium, from the buyer, which the writer keeps regardless of whether the buyer uses (or exercises) the option. Options may be bought or sold on a wide variety of Reference Instruments. Options that are written on futures contracts will be subject to margin requirements similar to those applied to futures contracts.
The Fund may buy and/or sell the following types of options:
Call Options
A call option gives the holder (“buyer”) the right to buy the Reference Instrument from the seller (writer) of the option. The Fund may use call options in the following ways:
■ Buy call options on a Reference Instrument in anticipation of an increase in the value of the Reference Instrument; and
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■ Write call options on a Reference Instrument to generate income from premiums, and in anticipation of a decrease or only limited increase in the value of the Reference Instrument. If the Fund writes a call option on a Reference Instrument that it owns and that call option is exercised, the Fund foregoes any possible profit from an increase in the market price of the Reference Instrument over the exercise price plus the premium received.
Put Options
A put option gives the holder the right to sell the Reference Instrument to the writer of the option. The Fund may use put options in the following ways:
■ Buy put options on a Reference Instrument in anticipation of a decrease in the value of the Reference Instrument; and
■ Write put options on a Reference Instrument to generate income from premiums, and in anticipation of an increase or only limited decrease in the value of the Reference Instrument. In writing puts, there is a risk that the Fund may be required to take delivery of the Reference Instrument when its current market price is lower than the exercise price.
The Fund may also buy or write options, as needed, to close out existing option positions.
Finally, the Fund may enter into combinations of options contracts in an attempt to benefit from changes in the prices of those options contracts (without regard to changes in the value of the Reference Instrument).
Swap Contracts (A Type of Derivative)
A swap contract (also known as a “swap”) is a type of derivative contract in which two parties agree to pay each other (swap) the returns derived from Reference Instruments. Most swaps do not involve the delivery of the underlying assets by either party, and the parties might not own the Reference Instruments. The payments are usually made on a net basis so that, on any given day, the Fund would receive (or pay) only the amount by which its payment under the contract is less than (or exceeds) the amount of the other party’s payment. Swap agreements are sophisticated instruments that can take many different forms and are known by a variety of names. Common swap agreements that the Fund may use include:
Interest Rate Swaps
Interest rate swaps are contracts in which one party agrees to make regular payments equal to a fixed or floating interest rate times a stated principal amount (commonly referred to as a “notional principal amount”) in return for payments equal to a different fixed or floating rate times the same principal amount, for a specific period.
Caps and Floors (A Type of Swap Contract)
Caps and Floors are contracts in which one party agrees to make payments only if an interest rate or index goes above (Cap) or below (Floor) a certain level in return for a fee from the other party.
Total Return Swaps
A total return swap is an agreement between two parties whereby one party agrees to make payments of the total return from a Reference Instrument (or a basket of such instruments) during the specified period, in return for payments equal to a fixed or floating rate of interest or the total return from another Reference Instrument. Alternately, a total return swap can be structured so that one party will make payments to the other party if the value of a Reference Instrument increases, but receive payments from the other party if the value of that instrument decreases.
Credit Default Swaps
A credit default swap (CDS) is an agreement between two parties whereby one party (the “Protection Buyer”) agrees to make payments over the term of the CDS to the other party (the “Protection Seller”), provided that no designated event of default, restructuring or other credit related event (each a “Credit Event”) occurs with respect to Reference Instrument that is usually a particular bond, loan or the unsecured credit of an issuer, in general (the “Reference Obligation”). Many CDS are physically settled, which means that if a Credit Event occurs, the Protection Seller must pay the Protection Buyer the full notional value, or “par value,” of the Reference Obligation in exchange for delivery by the Protection Buyer of the Reference Obligation or another similar obligation issued by the issuer of the Reference Obligation (the “Deliverable Obligation”). The Counterparties agree to the characteristics of the Deliverable Obligation at the time that they enter into the CDS. Alternately, a CDS can be “cash settled,” which means that upon the occurrence of a Credit Event, the Protection Buyer will receive a payment from the Protection Seller equal to the difference between the par amount of the Reference Obligation and its market value at the time of the Credit Event. The Fund may be either the Protection Buyer or the Protection Seller in a CDS. If the Fund is a Protection Buyer and no Credit Event occurs, the Fund will lose its entire investment in the CDS (i.e., an amount equal to the payments made to the Protection Seller over the term of the CDS). However, if a Credit Event occurs, the Fund (as Protection Buyer) will deliver the Deliverable Obligation and receive a payment equal to the full notional value of the Reference Obligation, even though the Reference Obligation may have little or no value. If the Fund is the Protection Seller and no Credit Event occurs, the Fund will receive a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the CDS. However, if a Credit Event occurs, the Fund (as
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Protection Seller) will pay the Protection Buyer the full notional value of the Reference Obligation and receive the Deliverable Obligation from the Protection Buyer. A CDS may involve greater risks than if the Fund invested directly in the Reference Obligation. For example, a CDS may increase credit risk since the Fund has exposure to both the issuer of the Reference Obligation and the Counterparty to the CDS.
Currency Swaps
Currency swaps are contracts which provide for interest payments in different currencies. The parties might agree to exchange the notional principal amounts of the currencies as well (commonly called a “foreign exchange swap”).
OTHER INVESTMENTS, Transactions, TECHNIQUES
Investing in Exchange-Traded Funds
The Fund may invest in exchange-traded funds (ETFs) as an efficient means of carrying out its investment strategies. As with traditional mutual funds, ETFs charge asset-based fees, although these fees tend to be relatively low. ETFs are traded on stock exchanges or on the over-the-counter market. ETFs do not charge initial sales charges or redemption fees and investors pay only customary brokerage fees to buy and sell ETF shares.
Delayed Delivery Transactions
Delayed delivery transactions, including when-issued transactions, are arrangements in which the Fund buys securities for a set price, with payment and delivery of the securities scheduled for a future time. During the period between purchase and settlement, no payment is made by the Fund to the issuer and no interest accrues to the Fund. The Fund records the transaction when it agrees to buy the securities and reflects their value in determining the price of its shares. Settlement dates may be a month or more after entering into these transactions so that the market values of the securities bought may vary from the purchase prices. Therefore, delayed delivery transactions create interest rate risks for the Fund. Delayed delivery transactions also involve credit risks in the event of a counterparty default.
Hybrid Instruments
Hybrid instruments combine elements of two different kinds of securities or financial instruments (such as a derivative contract). Frequently, the value of a hybrid instrument is determined by reference to changes in the value of a Reference Instrument (that is a designated security, commodity, currency, index or other asset or instrument including a derivative contract). Hybrid instruments can take on many forms including, but not limited to, the following forms. First, a common form of a hybrid instrument combines elements of a derivative contract with those of another security (typically a fixed-income security). In this case all or a portion of the interest or principal payable on a hybrid security is determined by reference to changes in the price of a Reference Instrument. Second, a hybrid instrument may also combine elements of a fixed-income security and an equity security. Third, hybrid instruments may include convertible securities with conversion terms related to a Reference Instrument.
Depending on the type and terms of the hybrid instrument, its risks may reflect a combination of the risks of investing in the Reference Instrument with the risks of investing in other securities, currencies and derivative contracts. Thus, an investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks in addition to those associated with traditional securities or the Reference Instrument. Hybrid instruments are also potentially more volatile than traditional securities or the Reference Instrument. Moreover, depending on the structure of the particular hybrid, it may expose the Fund to leverage risks or carry liquidity risks.
Credit Linked Note (A Type of Hybrid Instrument)
A credit linked note (CLN) is a type of hybrid instrument in which a special purpose entity issues a structured note (the “Note Issuer”) with respect to which the Reference Instrument is a single bond, a portfolio of bonds or the unsecured credit of an issuer, in general (each a “Reference Credit”). The purchaser of the CLN (the “Note Purchaser”) invests a par amount and receives a payment during the term of the CLN that equals a fixed or floating rate of interest equivalent to a high rated funded asset (such as a bank certificate of deposit) plus an additional premium that relates to taking on the credit risk of the Reference Credit. Upon maturity of the CLN, the Note Purchaser will receive a payment equal to: (i) the original par amount paid to the Note Issuer, if there is no occurrence of a designated event of default, restructuring or other credit event (each a “Credit Event”) with respect to the issuer of the Reference Credit; or (ii) the market value of the Reference Credit, if a Credit Event has occurred. Depending upon the terms of the CLN, it is also possible that the Note Purchaser may be required to take physical delivery of the Reference Credit in the event of a Credit Event. Most credit linked notes use a corporate bond (or a portfolio of corporate bonds) as the Reference Credit. However, almost any type of fixed-income security (including foreign government securities), index or derivative contract (such as a credit default swap) can be used as the Reference Credit.
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Equity Linked Note (A Type of Hybrid Instrument)
An equity linked note (ELN) is a type of hybrid instrument that provides the noteholder with exposure to a single equity security, a basket of equity securities, or an equity index (the “Reference Equity Instrument”). Typically, an ELN pays interest at agreed rates over a specified time period and, at maturity, either converts into shares of a Reference Equity Instrument or returns a payment to the noteholder based on the change in value of a Reference Equity Instrument.
Derivatives Regulation and Asset Coverage
The regulation of the U.S. and non-U.S. derivatives markets has undergone substantial change in recent years and such change may continue. In addition, effective August 19, 2022, Rule 18f-4 (the “Derivatives Rule”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), replaced the asset segregation framework previously used by funds to comply with limitations on leverage imposed by the 1940 Act. The Derivatives Rule generally mandates that a fund either limit derivatives exposure to 10% or less of its net assets, or in the alternative implement: (i) limits on leverage calculated based value-at-risk (VAR); and (ii) a written derivatives risk management program (DRMP) administered by a derivatives risk manager appointed by the Fund’s Board, including a majority of the independent Board members, that is periodically reviewed by the Board.
As the Fund’s derivative exposure, if any, is 10% or less of its net assets, excluding certain currency and interest rate hedging transactions, the Fund is classified as a limited derivatives user under the Derivatives Rule and will not be subject to the full requirements of the Derivatives Rule as noted above, including VAR testing and stress testing, and certain Board reporting requirements. However, the Fund is still required to implement written compliance policies and procedures reasonably designed to manage its derivatives risks and monitor its derivatives exposure daily.
In accordance with the requirements of Section 18 of the 1940 Act, any borrowings by the Fund will be made only to the extent the value of its assets, less its liabilities other than borrowings, is equal to at least 300% of all of its borrowings (the “300% Asset Coverage Ratio”). The Derivatives Rule permits the Fund to enter into reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions, notwithstanding limitations on the issuance of senior securities under Section 18 of the 1940 Act, provided that the Fund either (i) treats these transactions as derivatives transactions under the Derivatives Rule, or (ii) ensures that the 300% Asset Coverage Ratio with respect to such transactions and any other borrowings in the aggregate. While reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions aggregated with other indebtedness do not need to be included in the calculation of whether a fund satisfies the Limited Derivatives Users exception, for funds subject to the VAR testing requirement, reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions must be included for purposes of such testing whether treated as derivatives transactions or not. See “Borrowing Money and Issuing Senior Securities” and “Additional Information” below.
Hedging
Hedging transactions are intended to reduce specific risks. For example, to protect the Fund against circumstances that would normally cause the Fund’s portfolio securities to decline in value, the Fund may buy or sell a derivative contract that would normally increase in value under the same circumstances. The Fund may also attempt to hedge by using combinations of different derivative contracts, or derivative contracts and securities. The Fund’s ability to hedge may be limited by the costs of the derivative contracts. The Fund may attempt to lower the cost of hedging by entering into transactions that provide only limited protection, including transactions that: (1) hedge only a portion of its portfolio; (2) use derivative contracts that cover a narrow range of circumstances; or (3) involve the sale of derivative contracts with different terms. Consequently, hedging transactions will not eliminate risk even if they work as intended. In addition, hedging strategies are not always successful, and could result in increased expenses and losses to the Fund.
Investment Ratings for Investment-Grade Securities
The Adviser will determine whether a security is investment grade based upon the credit ratings given by one or more NRSROs. For example, S&P Global Ratings, an NRSRO, assigns ratings to investment-grade securities (AAA, AA, A and BBB including modifiers, sub-categories and gradations) based on their assessment of the likelihood of the issuer’s inability to pay interest or principal (default) when due on each security. Lower credit ratings correspond to higher credit risk. If a security has not received a rating, the Fund must rely entirely upon the Adviser’s credit assessment that the security is comparable to investment grade. The presence of a ratings modifier, sub-category, or gradation (for example, a (+) or (-)) is intended to show relative standing within the major rating categories and does not affect the security credit rating for purposes of the Fund’s investment parameters. If a security is downgraded below the minimum quality grade discussed above, the Adviser will reevaluate the security, but will not be required to sell it.
Investment Ratings for Noninvestment-Grade Securities
Noninvestment-grade securities are rated below BBB- by an NRSRO. These bonds have greater economic, credit and liquidity risks than investment-grade securities.
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Investing in Securities of Other Investment Companies
The Fund may invest its assets in securities of other investment companies, including the securities of affiliated money market funds, as an efficient means of implementing its investment strategies, managing its uninvested cash and/or other investment reasons consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and investment strategies. These other investment companies are managed independently of the Fund and incur additional fees and/or expenses which would, therefore, be borne indirectly by the Fund in connection with any such investment. These investments also can create conflicts of interests for the Adviser to the Fund and the investment adviser to the acquired fund. For example, a conflict of interest can arise due to the possibility that the Adviser to the Fund could make a decision to redeem the Fund’s investment in the acquired fund. In the case of an investment in an affiliated fund, a conflict of interest can arise if, because of the Fund’s investment in the acquired fund, the acquired fund is able to garner more assets, thereby growing the acquired fund and increasing the management fees received by the investment adviser to the acquired fund, which would either be the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser. However, the Adviser believes that the benefits and efficiencies of making investments in other investment companies should outweigh the potential additional fees and/or expenses and resulting conflicts of interest. The Fund may invest in money market securities directly.
INTER-FUND BORROWING AND THIRD-PARTY LENDING ARRANGEMENTS
Inter-Fund Borrowing
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has granted an exemption that permits the Fund and all other funds (“Federated Hermes funds”) advised by subsidiaries of Federated Hermes, Inc. (“Federated Hermes,” formerly, Federated Investors, Inc.) to lend and borrow money for certain temporary purposes directly to and from other Federated Hermes funds. Participation in this inter-fund lending program is voluntary for both borrowing and lending Federated Hermes funds, and an inter-fund loan is only made if it benefits each participating Federated Hermes fund. Federated Hermes administers the program according to procedures approved by the Fund’s Board, and the Board monitors the operation of the program. Any inter-fund loan must comply with certain conditions set out in the exemption, which are designed to assure fairness and protect all participating Federated Hermes funds.
For example, inter-fund lending is permitted only: (a) to meet shareholder redemption requests; (b) to meet commitments arising from “failed” trades; and (c) for other temporary purposes. All inter-fund loans must be repaid in seven days or less. The Fund’s participation in this program must be consistent with its investment policies and limitations, and must meet certain percentage tests. Inter-fund loans may be made only when the rate of interest to be charged is more attractive to the lending Federated Hermes fund than market-competitive rates on overnight repurchase agreements (“Repo Rate”) and more attractive to the borrowing Federated Hermes fund than the rate of interest that would be charged by an unaffiliated bank for short-term borrowings (“Bank Loan Rate”), as determined by the Board. The interest rate imposed on inter-fund loans is the average of the Repo Rate and the Bank Loan Rate.
Third-Party Line of Credit
The Fund participates with certain other Federated Hermes funds, on a several basis, in an up to $500,000,000 unsecured, 364-day, committed, revolving line of credit (LOC) agreement. The LOC was made available to temporarily finance the repurchase or redemption of shares of the Fund, failed trades, payment of dividends, settlement of trades and for other short-term, temporary or emergency general business purposes. The Fund cannot borrow under the LOC if an inter-fund loan is outstanding. The Fund’s ability to borrow under the LOC also is subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act and various conditions precedent that must be satisfied before the Fund can borrow. Loans under the LOC are charged interest at a fluctuating rate per annum equal to (a) the highest, on any day, of: (i) the federal funds effective rate; (ii) the published secured overnight financing rate plus an assigned percentage; and (iii) 0.0%; plus (b) a margin. Any fund eligible to borrow under the LOC pays its pro rata share of a commitment fee based on the amount of the lenders’ commitment that has not been utilized, quarterly in arrears and at maturity. As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, there were no outstanding loans. During the most recently ended fiscal year, the Fund did not utilize the LOC.
LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
The Fund has adopted and implemented a written liquidity risk management program (LRMP) and related procedures to assess and manage the liquidity risk of the Fund in accordance with Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act and Rule 22e-4 thereunder. The Board has designated the Adviser, together with Federated Hermes, Inc.’s (“Federated Hermes,” formerly Federated Investors, Inc.) other affiliated registered investment advisory subsidiaries that serve as investment advisers to other Federated Hermes funds, to collectively serve as the administrator of the LRMP and the related procedures (the “Administrator”). Rule 22e-4 defines “liquidity risk” as the risk that the Fund will be unable to meet requests to redeem shares issued by the Fund without significant dilution of the remaining investors’ interests in the Fund. As a part of the LRMP, the Administrator is responsible for classifying the liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio investments in accordance with Rule 22e-4. As part of the LRMP,
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the Administrator is also responsible for assessing, managing and periodically reviewing the Fund’s liquidity risk, for making periodic reports to the Board and the SEC regarding the liquidity of the Fund’s investments, and for notifying the Board and the SEC of certain liquidity events specified in Rule 22e-4. The liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio investments is determined based on relevant market, trading and investment-specific considerations under the LRMP.
Investment Risks
There are many risk factors which may affect an investment in the Fund. The Fund’s principal risks are described in its Prospectus. The following information is either additional information in respect of a principal risk factor referenced in the Prospectus or information in respect of a non-principal risk factor applicable to the Fund (in which case there is no related disclosure in the Prospectus).
Interest Rate Risk
Prices of fixed-income securities rise and fall in response to changes in interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, prices of fixed-income securities fall. However, market factors, such as the demand for particular fixed-income securities, may cause the price of certain fixed-income securities to fall while the prices of other securities rise or remain unchanged.
The longer the duration of a fixed-income security, the more susceptible it is to interest rate risk. The duration of a fixed-income security may be equal to or shorter than the stated maturity of a fixed-income security. Recent and potential future changes in monetary policy made by central banks and/or their governments are likely to affect the level of interest rates. Duration measures the price sensitivity of a fixed-income security given a change in interest rates. For example, if a fixed-income security has an effective duration of three years, a 1% increase in general interest rates would be expected to cause the security’s value to decline about 3% while a 1% decrease in general interest rates would be expected to cause the security’s value to increase about 3%.
Issuer Credit Risk
It is possible that interest or principal on securities will not be paid when due. Noninvestment-grade securities generally have a higher default risk than investment-grade securities. Such non-payment or default may reduce the value of the Fund’s portfolio holdings, its share price and its performance.
Many fixed-income securities receive credit ratings from NRSROs such as Fitch Ratings, Inc., Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. and S&P Global Ratings that assign ratings to securities by assessing the likelihood of an issuer and/or guarantor default. Higher credit ratings correspond to lower perceived credit risk and lower credit ratings correspond to higher perceived credit risk. Credit ratings may be upgraded or downgraded from time to time as an NRSRO’s assessment of the financial condition of a party obligated to make payments with respect to such securities and credit risk changes. The impact of any credit rating downgrade can be uncertain. Credit rating downgrades may lead to increased interest rates and volatility in financial markets, which in turn could negatively affect the value of the Fund’s portfolio holdings, its share price and its investment performance. Credit ratings are not a guarantee of quality. Credit ratings may lag behind the current financial conditions of the issuer and/or guarantor and do not provide assurance against default or other loss of money. Credit ratings do not protect against a decline in the value of a security. If a security has not received a rating, the Fund must rely entirely upon the Adviser’s credit assessment.
Fixed-income securities generally compensate for greater credit risk by paying interest at a higher rate. The difference between the yield of a security and the yield of a U.S. Treasury security or other appropriate benchmark with a comparable maturity (the “spread”) measures the additional interest paid for risk. Spreads may increase generally in response to adverse economic or market conditions. A security’s spread may also increase if the security’s rating is lowered, or the security is perceived to have an increased credit risk. An increase in the spread will cause the price of the security to decline if interest rates remain unchanged.
Call Risk
Call risk is the possibility that an issuer may redeem a fixed-income security before maturity (a “call”) at a price below its current market price. An increase in the likelihood of a call may reduce the security’s price.
If a fixed-income security is called, the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds in other fixed-income securities with lower interest rates, higher credit risks, or other less favorable characteristics.
Prepayment and Extension Risk
Unlike traditional fixed-income securities, which pay a fixed rate of interest until maturity (when the entire principal amount is due) payments on mortgage-backed securities include both interest and a partial payment of principal. Partial payment of principal may be comprised of scheduled principal payments as well as unscheduled payments from the voluntary prepayment, refinancing, or foreclosure of the underlying loans. These unscheduled prepayments of principal create risks that can adversely affect a Fund holding mortgage-backed securities.
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For example, when interest rates decline, the values of mortgage-backed securities generally rise. However, when interest rates decline, unscheduled prepayments can be expected to accelerate, and the Fund would be required to reinvest the proceeds of the prepayments at the lower interest rates then available. Unscheduled prepayments would also limit the potential for capital appreciation on mortgage-backed securities.
Conversely, when interest rates rise, the values of mortgage-backed securities generally fall. Since rising interest rates typically result in decreased prepayments, this could lengthen the average lives of mortgage-backed securities, and cause their value to decline more than traditional fixed-income securities.
Generally, mortgage-backed securities compensate for the increased risk associated with prepayments by paying a higher yield. The additional interest paid for risk is measured by the difference between the yield of a mortgage-backed security and the yield of a U.S. Treasury security with a comparable maturity (the spread). An increase in the spread will cause the price of the mortgage-backed security to decline. Spreads generally increase in response to adverse economic or market conditions. Spreads may also increase if the security is perceived to have an increased prepayment risk or is perceived to have less market demand.
Greater China Risk
Although larger and/or more established than many emerging markets, the markets of the Greater China region function in many ways as emerging markets, and carry the high levels of risks associated with emerging markets. Investments in the Greater China region may be subject to the risks associated with trading on less-developed trading markets, in addition to acute political risks such as possible negative repercussions resulting from China’s relationship with Taiwan or Hong Kong, restrictions on monetary repatriation, or other adverse government actions. The attitude of the Chinese government toward growth and capitalism is uncertain, and the markets of Hong Kong and China could be hurt significantly by any government interference or any material change in government policy. For example, the Chinese government may restrict investment in companies or industries considered important to national interests, or intervene in the financial markets, such as by imposing trading restrictions, or banning or curtailing short selling. As export-driven economies, the economies of countries in the Greater China region are affected by developments in the economies of their principal trading partners. A downturn in these economies could slow or eliminate the growth of the economies of the Greater China region and adversely impact the Fund’s investments.
Risk Associated with Noninvestment-Grade Securities
Securities rated below investment grade, also known as junk bonds, generally entail greater economic, credit and liquidity risk than investment-grade securities. For example, their prices are more volatile, economic downturns and financial setbacks may affect their prices more negatively and their trading market may be more limited. These securities are considered speculative with respect to the issuer’s ability to pay interest and repay principal.
Exchange-Traded Funds Risk
An investment in an ETF generally presents the same primary risks as an investment in a conventional fund (i.e., one that is not exchange-traded) that has the same investment objectives, strategies and policies. The price of an ETF can fluctuate up or down, and the Fund could lose money investing in an ETF if the prices of the securities owned by the ETF go down. In addition, ETFs may be subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional funds: (i) the market price of an ETF’s shares may trade above or below their net asset value; (ii) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; or (iii) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange’s officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.
Risk of Investing in Derivative Contracts and Hybrid Instruments
The Fund’s exposure to derivative contracts and hybrid instruments (either directly or through its investment in another investment company) involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. First, changes in the value of the derivative contracts and hybrid instruments in which the Fund invests may not be correlated with changes in the value of the underlying Reference Instruments or, if they are correlated, may move in the opposite direction than originally anticipated. Second, while some strategies involving derivatives may reduce the risk of loss, they may also reduce potential gains or, in some cases, result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in portfolio holdings. Third, there is a risk that derivative contracts and hybrid instruments may be erroneously priced or improperly valued and, as a result, the Fund may need to make increased cash payments to the counterparty. Fourth, exposure to derivative contracts and hybrid instruments may have tax consequences to the Fund and its shareholders. For example, derivative contracts and hybrid instruments may cause the Fund to realize increased ordinary income or short-term capital gains (which are treated as ordinary income for Federal income tax purposes) and, as a result, may increase taxable distributions to shareholders. In addition, under certain circumstances certain derivative contracts and hybrid instruments may cause the Fund to: (a) incur an excise tax on a portion of the income related to those contracts and instruments; and/or (b) reclassify, as a return of
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capital, some or all of the distributions previously made to shareholders during the fiscal year as dividend income. Fifth, a common provision in OTC derivative contracts permits the counterparty to terminate any such contract between it and the Fund, if the value of the Fund’s total net assets declines below a specified level over a given time period. Factors that may contribute to such a decline (which usually must be substantial) include significant shareholder redemptions and/or a marked decrease in the market value of the Fund’s investments. Any such termination of the Fund’s OTC derivative contracts may adversely affect the Fund (for example, by increasing losses and/or costs, and/or preventing the Fund from fully implementing its investment strategies). Sixth, the Fund may use a derivative contract to benefit from a decline in the value of a Reference Instrument. If the value of the Reference Instrument declines during the term of the contract, the Fund makes a profit on the difference (less any payments the Fund is required to pay under the terms of the contract). Any such strategy involves risk. There is no assurance that the Reference Instrument will decline in value during the term of the contract and make a profit for the Fund. The Reference Instrument may instead appreciate in value creating a loss for the Fund. Seventh, a default or failure by a CCP or an FCM (also sometimes called a “futures broker”), or the failure of a contract to be transferred from an Executing Dealer to the FCM for clearing, may expose the Fund to losses, increase its costs, or prevent the Fund from entering or exiting derivative positions, accessing margin or fully implementing its investment strategies. The central clearing of a derivative and trading of a contract over a SEF could reduce the liquidity in, or increase costs of entering into or holding, any contracts. Finally, derivative contracts and hybrid instruments may also involve other risks described herein or in the Fund’s prospectus, such as stock market, interest rate, credit, currency, liquidity and leverage risks.
Risk Associated with the Investment Activities of Other Accounts
Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of other accounts managed by the Adviser and accounts managed by affiliates of the Adviser. Therefore, it is possible that investment-related actions taken by such other accounts could adversely impact the Fund with respect to, for example, the value of Fund portfolio holdings and/or prices paid to or received by the Fund on its portfolio transactions and/or the Fund’s ability to obtain or dispose of portfolio securities. Related considerations are discussed elsewhere in this SAI under “Brokerage Transactions and Investment Allocation.”
Financial Indices Investment Risk
Financial indices in which a Fund may invest or gain exposure to will be subject to periodic rebalancing. Rebalancing involves an adjustment to the weightings or components in a financial index in order to meet the index provider’s methodology requirements. Where rebalancing occurs, a Fund may adjust its exposure or investment in the financial index to reflect the rebalancing that has occurred. Any rebalancing or investment by the index may result in a Fund incurring certain related costs (including, but not limited to, brokerage or counterparty costs). In the event that the weighting of a stock in a financial index exceeds the investment restrictions applicable to the Fund, the Adviser will review the level of investment in the financial index with a view to returning the Fund to compliance. This may also result in additional costs to the Fund.
LARGE SHAREHOLDER RISK
A significant percentage of the Fund’s shares may be owned or controlled by a large shareholder, such as other funds or accounts, including those of which the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser may have investment discretion. Accordingly, the Fund can be subject to the potential for large scale inflows and outflows as a result of purchases and redemptions made by significant shareholders. These inflows and outflows could be significant and, if frequently occurring, could negatively affect the Fund’s net asset value and performance and could cause the Fund to buy or sell securities at inopportune times in order to meet purchase or redemption requests. Investments in the Fund by other investment companies also can create conflicts of interests for the Adviser to the Fund and the investment adviser to the acquiring fund. For example, a conflict of interest can arise due to the possibility that the investment adviser to the acquiring fund could make a decision to redeem the acquiring fund’s investment in the Fund. In the case of an investment by an affiliated fund, a conflict of interest can arise if, because of the acquiring fund’s investment in the Fund, the Fund is able to garner more assets from third-party investors, thereby growing the Fund and increasing the management fees received by the Adviser, which could also be the investment adviser to the acquiring fund.
Cybersecurity and Operational Risk
Like other funds and business enterprises, Federated Hermes’ business relies on the security and reliability of information and communications technology, systems and networks. Federated Hermes uses digital technology, including, for example, networked systems, email and the Internet, as well as mobile devices and “cloud”-based service offerings, to conduct business operations and engage clients, customers, employees, products, accounts, shareholders, and relevant service providers, among others. Federated Hermes, as well as its funds and certain service providers, also generate, compile and process information for purposes of preparing and making filings or reports to governmental agencies, or providing reports or statements to customers, and a cybersecurity attack or incident that impacts that information, or the generation and filing processes, can prevent required
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regulatory filings and reports from being made, or reports or statements from being delivered, or cause the inadvertent release of confidential information (possibly resulting in the violation of applicable privacy laws). The use of the Internet and other electronic media and technology exposes the Fund, the Fund’s shareholders, and the Fund’s service providers, and their respective operations, to potential risks from cybersecurity attacks or incidents (collectively, “cyber-events”). The work-from-home environment necessitated by the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic has increased the risk of cyber incidents given the increase in cyber attack surface stemming from the use of personal devices and non-office or personal technology.
Cyber-events can result from intentional (or deliberate) attacks or unintentional events by insiders (e.g., employees) or third parties, including cybercriminals, competitors, nation-states and “hacktivists,” among others. Cyber-events can include, for example, phishing, credential harvesting or use of stolen access credentials, unauthorized access to systems, networks or devices (such as, for example, through “hacking” activity), structured query language attacks, infection from or spread of malware, ransomware, computer viruses or other malicious software code, corruption of data, exfiltration of data to malicious sites, the dark web or other locations or threat actors, and attacks (including, but not limited to, denial of service attacks on websites), which shut down, disable, slow, impair or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, technology, connectivity or website or internet access, functionality or performance. Like other funds and business enterprises, the Fund and its service providers have experienced, and will continue to experience, cyber-events on a daily basis. In addition to intentional cyber-events, unintentional cyber-events can occur, such as, for example, the inadvertent release of confidential information. Cyber-events can also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on the service providers’ systems or websites rendering them unavailable to intended users or via “ransomware” that renders the systems inoperable until appropriate actions are taken. To date, cyber-events have not had a material adverse effect on the Fund’s business operations or performance.
Cyber-events can affect, potentially in a material way, Federated Hermes’ relationships with its customers, employees, products, accounts, shareholders and relevant service providers. Any cyber-event could adversely impact the Fund and its shareholders and cause the Fund to incur financial loss and expense, as well as face exposure to regulatory penalties, reputational damage, damage to employee perceptions of the company, and additional compliance costs associated with corrective measures and credit monitoring for impacted individuals. A cyber-event can cause the Fund, or its service providers, to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption, lose operational capacity (such as, for example, the loss of the ability to process transactions, generate or make filings or deliver reports or statements, calculate the Fund’s NAV, or allow shareholders to transact business or other disruptions to operations), and/or fail to comply with applicable privacy and other laws. Among other potentially harmful effects, cyber-events also can result in theft, unauthorized monitoring and failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support the Fund and its service providers. In addition, cyber-events affecting issuers in which the Fund invests could cause the Fund’s investments to lose value.
The Fund’s Adviser and its relevant affiliates have established risk management systems reasonably designed to seek to reduce the risks associated with cyber-events. The Fund’s Adviser employs various measures aimed at mitigating cybersecurity risk, including, among others, use of firewalls, system segmentation, system monitoring, virus scanning, periodic penetration testing, employee phishing training and an employee cybersecurity awareness campaign. Among other service provider management efforts, Federated Hermes also conducts due diligence on key service providers relating to cybersecurity. Federated Hermes has established a committee to oversee Federated Hermes’ information security and data governance efforts, and updates on cyber-events and risks are reviewed with relevant committees, as well as Federated Hermes’ and the Fund’s Boards of Directors or Trustees (or a committee thereof), on a periodic (generally quarterly) basis (and more frequently when circumstances warrant) as part of risk management oversight responsibilities. However, there is no guarantee that the efforts of Federated Hermes, the Fund’s Adviser or its affiliates, or other service providers, will succeed, either entirely or partially as there are limits on Federated Hermes’ and the Fund’s ability to prevent, detect or mitigate cyber-events. Among other reasons, the cybersecurity landscape is constantly evolving, the nature of malicious cyber-events is becoming increasingly sophisticated and the Fund’s Adviser, and its relevant affiliates, cannot control the cyber systems and cybersecurity systems of issuers or third-party service providers.
The Fund can be exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties, or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures. In addition, other disruptive events, including, but not limited to, natural disasters and public health crises (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), can adversely affect the Fund’s ability to conduct business, in particular if the Fund’s employees or the employees of its service providers are unable or unwilling to perform their responsibilities as a result of any such event. Even if the Fund’s employees and the employees of its service providers are able to work remotely, those remote work arrangements could result in the Fund’s business operations being less efficient than under normal circumstances, could lead to delays in its processing of transactions, and could increase the risk of cyber-events.
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Investment Objective (and Policies) and Investment Limitations
The Fund’s investment objective is to provide long-term capital appreciation alongside positive societal impact. The investment objective may be changed by the Fund’s Board without shareholder approval.
The Fund will seek to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in equity and/or equity-related securities of, or relating to, small and mid-capitalization companies domiciled in, or that derive their income from, developed and emerging markets. These companies will be listed and/or traded on a regulated market worldwide.
The Fund is actively managed by the Adviser. The Fund may, from time to time, determine to include information in its marketing materials in relation to the performance of an index or benchmark. For the avoidance of doubt the Fund’s objective is not to track the performance of an index or benchmark. The Fund does not charge any performance fees and, accordingly, no fees are paid to the Adviser on the basis of outperformance of an index or benchmark.
Investment limitations
Diversification
With respect to securities comprising 75% of the value of its total assets, the Fund will not purchase securities of any one issuer (other than cash; cash items; securities issued or guaranteed by the government of the United States or its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements collateralized by such U.S. government securities; and securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of the value of its total assets would be invested in the securities of that issuer, or the Fund would own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer.
Concentration
The Fund will not make investments that will result in the concentration of its investments in the securities of issuers primarily engaged in the same industry or group of industries. For purposes of this restriction, the term concentration has the meaning set forth in the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”), any rule or order thereunder, or any SEC staff interpretation thereof. Government securities and municipal securities will not be deemed to constitute an industry.
Underwriting
The Fund may not underwrite the securities of other issuers, except that the Fund may engage in transactions involving the acquisition, disposition or resale of its portfolio securities, under circumstances where it may be considered to be an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933.
Investing in Commodities
The Fund may not purchase or sell physical commodities, provided that the Fund may purchase securities of companies that deal in commodities. For purposes of this restriction, investments in transactions involving futures contracts and options, forward currency contracts, swap transactions and other financial contracts that settle by payment of cash are not deemed to be investments in commodities.
Investing in Real Estate
The Fund may not purchase or sell real estate, provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from investing in issuers which invest, deal, or otherwise engage in transactions in real estate or interests therein, or investing in securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein. The Fund may exercise its rights under agreements relating to such securities, including the right to enforce security interests and to hold real estate acquired by reason of such enforcement until that real estate can be liquidated in an orderly manner.
Borrowing Money and Issuing Senior Securities
The Fund may borrow money, directly or indirectly, and issue senior securities to the maximum extent permitted under the 1940 Act, any rule or order there under, or any SEC staff interpretation thereof.
Lending
The Fund may not make loans, provided that this restriction does not prevent the Fund from purchasing debt obligations, entering into repurchase agreements, lending its assets to broker/dealers or institutional investors and investing in loans, including assignments and participation interests.
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The above limitations are fundamental and cannot be changed unless authorized by the Board and by the “vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities,” as defined by the 1940 Act, which means the lesser of (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting or (b) more than 50% of outstanding shares of the Fund. The following limitations, however, may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval. Shareholders will be notified before any material change in these limitations becomes effective.
Illiquid Investments
The Fund will not make investments in holdings for which there is no readily available market, or enter into repurchase agreements or purchase time deposits that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment, if immediately after and as a result, the value of such investments would exceed, in the aggregate, 15% of the Fund’s net assets.
Purchases on Margin
The Fund will not purchase securities on margin, provided that the Fund may obtain short-term credits necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities and further provided that the Fund may make margin deposits in connection with its use of financial options and futures, forward and spot currency contracts, swap transactions and other financial contracts or derivative instruments.
Pledging Assets
The Fund will not mortgage, pledge or hypothecate any of its assets, provided that this shall not apply to the transfer of securities in connection with any permissible borrowing or to collateral arrangements in connection with permissible activities.
Non-Fundamental Names Rule Policy
The Fund will invest its assets so that at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowing for investment purposes) are invested in equity investments. The Fund will notify shareholders at least 60 days in advance of any change in its investment policy that would enable the Fund to invest, under normal circumstances, less than 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in equity investments.
Additional Information
As a matter of non-fundamental investment policy regarding certain of the Fund’s investment restrictions, please note the following additional information.
For purposes of the above limitations, the Fund considers certificates of deposit and demand and time deposits issued by a U.S. branch of a domestic bank or savings association having capital, surplus, and undivided profits in excess of $100,000,000 at the time of investment to be “cash items” and “bank instruments.” Except with respect to borrowing money, if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from any change in value or net assets will not result in a violation of such limitation.
In applying the concentration restriction, the Fund will adhere to the requirements of the 1940 Act which limits investments in a particular industry or group of industries to no more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets. Further, in applying the Fund’s concentration restriction: (a) utility companies will be divided according to their services (for example, gas, gas transmission, electric and telephone will be considered a separate industry); (b) financial service companies will be classified according to the end users of their services (for example, automobile finance, bank finance and diversified finance will each be considered a separate industry); (c) asset-backed securities will be classified according to the underlying assets securing such securities; (d) municipal securities shall exclude private activity municipal debt securities, which are principally backed by the assets and revenues of the non-governmental user of the funds generated by securities issuance; and (e) the Fund will typically consider (i.e., look through to) the concentration of an investment company in which it invests only if that investment company is itself a concentrated portfolio.
To conform to the current view of the SEC that only domestic bank deposit instruments may be excluded from industry concentration limitations, as a matter of non-fundamental policy, the Fund will not exclude foreign bank instruments from industry concentration limitations so long as the policy of the SEC remains in effect. In addition, investments in bank instruments that are not deposit instruments, and investments in certain industrial development bonds funded by activities in a single industry, will be deemed to constitute investment in an industry, except when held for temporary defensive purposes.
For purposes of the above limitations, municipal securities are those securities issued by governments or political subdivisions of governments.
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In applying the borrowing limitation, in accordance with Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act and current SEC rules and guidance, the Fund is permitted to borrow money, directly or indirectly, provided that immediately after any such borrowing, the Fund has asset coverage of at least 300% for all of the Fund’s borrowings, and provided further that in the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300% the Fund shall, within three business days, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300%.
In applying the Names Rule Policy, the Fund will not consider convertible securities to be equity securities for the purposes of determining whether at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) are invested in equity investments.
What Do Shares Cost?
Determining Market Value of Securities
A Share’s net asset value (NAV) is determined as of the end of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) each day the NYSE is open. The Fund calculates the NAV of each class by valuing the assets allocated to the Share’s class, subtracting the liabilities allocated to each class and dividing the balance by the number of Shares of the class outstanding. The NAV for each class of Shares may differ due to the level of expenses allocated to each class as well as a result of the variance between the amount of accrued investment income and capital gains or losses allocated to each class and the amount actually distributed to shareholders of each class. The NAV is calculated to the nearest whole cent per Share.
In calculating its NAV, the Fund generally values investments as follows:
■ Equity securities listed on a U.S. securities exchange or traded through the U.S. national market system are valued at their last reported sale price or official closing price in their principal exchange or market. If a price is not readily available, such equity securities are valued based upon the mean of closing bid and ask quotations from one or more dealers.
■ Other equity securities traded primarily in the United States are valued based upon the mean of closing bid and ask quotations from one or more dealers.
■ Equity securities traded primarily through securities exchanges and regulated market systems outside the United States are valued at their last reported sale price or official closing price in their principal exchange or market. These prices may be adjusted for significant events occurring after the closing of such exchanges or market systems as described below. If a price is not readily available, such equity securities are valued based upon the mean of closing bid and ask quotations from one or more dealers.
■ Fixed-income securities are fair valued using price evaluations provided by a pricing service approved by the Adviser. The methods used by pricing services to determine such price evaluations are described below.
■ Futures contracts listed on exchanges are valued at their reported settlement price. Option contracts listed on exchanges are valued based upon the mean of closing bid and ask quotations reported by the exchange or from one or more futures commission merchants.
■ OTC derivative contracts are fair valued using price evaluations provided by a pricing service approved by the Adviser. The methods used by pricing services to determine such price evaluations are described below. If a price evaluation from a pricing service is not readily available, such derivative contracts may be fair valued based upon price evaluations from one or more dealers or using a recognized pricing model for the contract.
■ Shares of other mutual funds or nonexchange-traded investment companies are valued based upon their reported NAVs. The prospectuses for these mutual funds explain the circumstances under which they will use fair value pricing and the effects of using fair value pricing.
If any price, quotation, price evaluation or other pricing source is not readily available when the NAV is calculated, if the Fund cannot obtain price evaluations from a pricing service or from more than one dealer for an investment within a reasonable period of time as set forth in the Adviser’s valuation policies and procedures, or if information furnished by a pricing service, in the opinion of the Valuation Committee, is deemed not representative of the fair value of such security, the Fund will use the fair value of the investment determined in accordance with the procedures described below. There can be no assurance that the Fund could purchase or sell an investment at the price used to calculate the Fund’s NAV. The Fund will not use a pricing service or dealer who is an affiliated person of the Adviser to value investments.
Noninvestment assets and liabilities are valued in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The NAV calculation includes expenses, dividend income, interest income, other income and realized and unrealized investment gains and losses through the date of the calculation. Changes in holdings of investments and in the number of outstanding Shares are included in the calculation not later than the first business day following such change. Any assets or liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are converted into U.S. dollars using an exchange rate obtained from a third party.
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The Fund follows procedures that are common in the mutual fund industry regarding errors made in the calculation of its NAV. This means that, generally, the Fund will not correct errors of less than one cent per Share.
Fair Valuation and Significant Events Procedures
Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Board has designated the Adviser as the Fund’s valuation designee to perform the fair value determination for securities and other assets held by the Fund. The Adviser, acting through its “Valuation Committee,” is responsible for determining the fair value of investments for which market quotations are not readily available. The Valuation Committee is comprised of officers of the Adviser and certain of the Adviser’s affiliated companies and determines fair value and oversees the calculation of the NAV. The Valuation Committee is also authorized to use pricing services to provide price evaluations of the current fair value of certain investments for purposes of calculating the NAV. The Valuation Committee is subject to Board oversight and certain reporting and other requirements intended to provide the Board the information it needs to oversee the Adviser’s fair value determinations.
Pricing Service Valuations. The Valuation Committee, subject to Board oversight, is authorized to use pricing services that provide daily fair value evaluations of the current value of certain investments, primarily fixed-income securities and OTC derivative contracts. Different pricing services may provide different price evaluations for the same security because of differences in their methods of evaluating market values. Factors considered by pricing services in evaluating an investment include the yields or prices of investments of comparable quality, coupon, maturity, call rights and other potential prepayments, terms and type, reported transactions, indications as to values from dealers and general market conditions. A pricing service may find it more difficult to apply these and other factors to relatively illiquid or volatile investments, which may result in less frequent or more significant changes in the price evaluations of these investments. If a pricing service determines that it does not have sufficient information to use its standard methodology, it may evaluate an investment based on the present value of what investors can reasonably expect to receive from the issuer’s operations or liquidation.
Special valuation considerations may apply with respect to the Fund’s “odd-lot” positions, if any, as the Fund may receive lower prices when it sells such positions than it would receive for sales of institutional round lot positions. Typically, these securities are valued assuming orderly transactions of institutional round lot sizes, but the Fund may hold or, from time to time, transact in such securities in smaller, odd lot sizes.
The Valuation Committee oversees the Fund’s pricing services, which includes, among other things, monitoring significant or unusual price fluctuations above predetermined tolerance levels from the prior day, back-testing of pricing services’ prices against actual sale transactions, conducting periodic due diligence meetings and reviews, and periodically reviewing the inputs, assumptions and methodologies used by these pricing services. If information furnished by a pricing service is not readily available or, in the opinion of the Valuation Committee, is deemed not representative of the fair value of such security, the security will be fair valued by the Valuation Committee in accordance with procedures established by the Adviser as discussed below in “Fair Valuation Procedures.”
Some pricing services provide a single price evaluation reflecting the bid-side of the market for an investment (a “bid” evaluation). Other pricing services offer both bid evaluations and price evaluations indicative of a price between the bid and ask prices for the investment (a “mid” evaluation). The Fund normally uses bid evaluations for any U.S. Treasury and Agency securities, mortgage-backed securities and municipal securities. The Fund normally uses mid evaluations for any other types of fixed-income securities and any OTC derivative contracts.
Fair Valuation Procedures. The Adviser has established procedures for determining the fair value of investments for which price evaluations from pricing services or dealers and market quotations are not readily available. The procedures define an investment’s “fair value” as the price that the Fund might reasonably expect to receive upon its current sale. The procedures assume that any sale would be made to a willing buyer in the ordinary course of trading. The procedures require consideration of factors that vary based on the type of investment and the information available. Factors that may be considered in determining an investment’s fair value include: (1) the last reported price at which the investment was traded; (2) information provided by dealers or investment analysts regarding the investment or the issuer; (3) changes in financial conditions and business prospects disclosed in the issuer’s financial statements and other reports; (4) publicly announced transactions (such as tender offers and mergers) involving the issuer; (5) comparisons to other investments or to financial indices that are correlated to the investment; (6) with respect to fixed-income investments, changes in market yields and spreads; (7) with respect to investments that have been suspended from trading, the circumstances leading to the suspension; and (8) other factors that might affect the investment’s value.
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The Valuation Committee is responsible for the day-to-day implementation of these procedures subject to the oversight of the Board. The Valuation Committee may also authorize the use of a financial valuation model to determine the fair value of a specific type of investment. The Board periodically reviews the fair valuations made by the Valuation Committee. The Board has also approved the Adviser’s fair valuation procedures and significant events procedures as part of the Fund’s compliance program and will review any changes made to the procedures.
Using fair value to price investments may result in a value that is different from an investment’s most recent closing price and from the prices used by other registered funds to calculate their NAVs. The application of the fair value procedures to an investment represents a good faith determination of such investment’s fair value. There can be no assurance that the Fund could obtain the fair value assigned to an investment if it sold the investment at approximately the time at which the Fund determines its NAV per share, and the actual value could be materially different.
Significant Events. The Adviser has adopted procedures requiring an investment to be priced at its fair value whenever the Adviser determines that a significant event affecting the value of the investment has occurred between the time as of which the price of the investment would otherwise be determined and the time as of which the NAV is computed. An event is considered significant if there is both an affirmative expectation that the investment’s value will change in response to the event and a reasonable basis for quantifying the resulting change in value. Examples of significant events that may occur after the close of the principal market on which a security is traded, or after the time of a price evaluation provided by a pricing service or a dealer, include:
■ With respect to securities traded principally in foreign markets, significant trends in U.S. equity markets or in the trading of foreign securities index futures contracts;
■ Political or other developments affecting the economy or markets in which an issuer conducts its operations or its securities are traded; and
■ Announcements concerning matters such as acquisitions, recapitalizations or litigation developments, or a natural disaster affecting the issuer’s operations or regulatory changes or market developments affecting the issuer’s industry.
The Adviser has adopted procedures whereby the Valuation Committee uses a pricing service to provide factors to update the fair value of equity securities traded principally in foreign markets from the time of the close of their respective foreign stock exchanges to the pricing time of the Fund. The pricing service uses models that correlate changes between the closing and opening price of equity securities traded primarily in non-U.S. markets to changes in prices in U.S.-traded securities and derivative contracts. The pricing service seeks to employ the model that provides the most significant correlation based on a periodic review of the results. The model uses the correlation to adjust the reported closing price of a foreign equity security based on information available up to the close of the NYSE.
The fair valuation of securities following a significant event can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities for short-term traders to profit at the expense of long-term investors in the Fund. For example, such arbitrage opportunities may exist when the market on which portfolio securities are traded closes before the Fund calculates its NAV, which is typically the case with Asian and European markets. However, there is no assurance that these significant event procedures will prevent dilution of the NAV by short-term traders.
For other significant events, the Fund may seek to obtain more current quotations or price evaluations from alternative pricing sources. If a reliable alternative pricing source is not available, the fair value of the investment is determined using the methods discussed above in “Fair Valuation Procedures.” The Board periodically reviews fair valuations made in response to significant events.
How is the Fund Sold?
Under the Distributor’s Contract with the Fund, the Distributor (“Federated Securities Corp.”) offers Shares on a continuous, best-efforts basis.
Rule 12b-1 Plan A Class
As a compensation-type plan, the Rule 12b-1 Plan is designed to pay the Distributor for activities principally intended to result in the sale of Shares such as advertising and marketing of Shares (including printing and distributing prospectuses and sales literature to prospective shareholders and financial intermediaries) and providing incentives to financial intermediaries to sell Shares. The Plan is also designed to cover the cost of administrative services performed in conjunction with the sale of Shares, including, but not limited to, shareholder services, recordkeeping services and educational services, as well as the costs of
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implementing and operating the Plan. The Rule 12b-1 Plan allows the Distributor to contract with financial intermediaries to perform activities covered by the Plan. The Rule 12b-1 Plan is expected to benefit the Fund in a number of ways. For example, it is anticipated that the Plan will help the Fund attract and retain assets, thus providing cash for orderly portfolio management and Share redemptions and possibly helping to stabilize or reduce other operating expenses.
In addition, the Plan is integral to the multiple class structure of the Fund, which promotes the sale of Shares by providing a range of options to investors. The Fund’s service providers that receive asset-based fees also benefit from stable or increasing Fund assets.
The Fund may compensate the Distributor more or less than its actual marketing expenses. In no event will the Fund pay for any expenses of the Distributor that exceed the maximum Rule 12b-1 Plan fee.
The maximum Rule 12b-1 Plan fee that can be paid in any one year may not be sufficient to cover the marketing-related expenses the Distributor has incurred. Therefore, it may take the Distributor a number of years to recoup these expenses.
Regarding the Fund’s Class A Shares, the Class A Shares of the Fund currently do not accrue, pay or incur any Rule 12b-1 Plan fee, although the Board of Trustees has adopted a Plan that permits the Class A Shares of the Fund to accrue, pay and incur a Rule 12b-1 Plan fee of up to a maximum amount of 0.05%, or some lesser amount as the Board of Trustees shall approve from time to time. The Class A Shares of the Fund will not accrue, pay or incur such Rule 12b-1 Plan fees until such time as approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.
Additional Payments To Others (Including Financial Intermediaries)
A & IS Classes Only
The Distributor may pay out of its own resources amounts to certain financial intermediaries, including broker-dealers, banks, registered investment advisers, independent financial planners and retirement plan administrators, and other persons. In some cases, such payments may be made by, or funded from the resources of, companies affiliated with the Distributor (including the Adviser). While Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA) regulations limit the sales charges that you may bear, there are no limits with regard to the amounts that the Distributor may pay out of its own resources. In addition to the payments which are generally described herein and in the Prospectus, the financial intermediary also may receive payments under, if applicable, a Rule 12b-1 Plan and/or Service Fees. In connection with these payments, the financial intermediary may elevate the prominence or profile of the Fund and/or other Federated Hermes funds within the financial intermediary’s organization by, for example, placement on a list of preferred or recommended funds and/or granting the Distributor preferential or enhanced opportunities to promote the funds in various ways within the financial intermediary’s organization.
Financial intermediaries and other persons may receive payments under some or all categories described below. These payments assist in the Distributor’s efforts to support the sale of Shares and compensate financial intermediaries and other persons for performing ancillary services in connection with effecting sales of the funds. These payments are negotiated and may be based on such factors as: the number or value of Shares that the financial intermediary or other person sells, may sell or arrange for the sale of Shares; the value of client assets invested; the level and types of services or support furnished by the financial intermediary; or the Fund’s and/or other Federated Hermes funds’ relationship with the financial intermediary.
Not all financial intermediaries and other persons receive such payments and the amount of compensation may vary. You should ask your financial intermediary, or any other person that provides services to you, for information about any payments it receives from the Distributor or the Federated Hermes funds and any services it provides, as well as the fees and/or commissions it charges.
Regarding the Fund’s Institutional Shares, the Institutional Shares of the Fund currently do not accrue, pay or incur any shareholder services/account administration fees, although the Board of Trustees has approved the Institutional Shares of the Fund to accrue, pay and incur such fees in amounts up to a maximum amount of 0.25%, or some lesser amount as the Board of Trustees shall approve from time to time. The Institutional Shares of the Fund will not accrue, pay or incur such fees until such time as approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees.
The categories of additional payments are described below.
Supplemental Payments
The Distributor may make supplemental payments to certain financial intermediaries that are holders or dealers of record for accounts in one or more of the Federated Hermes funds. These payments may be based on such factors as: the number or value of Shares the financial intermediary sells or may sell; the value of client assets invested; or the type and nature of services or support furnished by the financial intermediary.
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Processing Support Payments
The Distributor may make payments to certain financial intermediaries that offer Federated Hermes investment companies to help offset their costs associated with client accounts in the fund. The types of payments that the Distributor may make under this category include, but are not limited to: payment for administrative services, like account maintenance support and statement processing; payment for costs associated with transacting in the funds, like payment of ticket charges on a per-transaction basis; payment of networking fees; and payment for ancillary services related to setting up funds on the financial intermediary’s mutual fund trading system, including technology and programming set-up, platform development and maintenance or similar services.
Retirement Plan Program Servicing Payments
The Distributor may make payments to certain financial intermediaries who sell Federated Hermes fund shares through retirement plan programs. A financial intermediary may perform retirement plan program services itself or may arrange with a third party to perform retirement plan program services. In addition to participant recordkeeping, reporting or transaction processing, retirement plan program services may include: services rendered to a plan in connection with fund/investment selection and monitoring; employee enrollment and education; plan balance rollover or separation; or other similar services.
Marketing Support Payments
From time to time, the Distributor, at its expense, may provide additional compensation to financial intermediaries, or other persons, that sell or arrange for the sale of Shares. Such compensation, provided by the Distributor, may include “finders” or “referral fees” or directing investors to a fund, financial assistance to financial intermediaries that enable the Distributor to participate in or present at meetings, conferences or seminars, sales or education and training programs for invited registered representatives and other employees, client entertainment, client and investor events and other financial intermediary-sponsored events. The Distributor may also provide additional compensation for the provision of sales or intermediary related data and analytics to the Adviser and/or its affiliates.
The Distributor also may hold or sponsor, at its expense, sales events, conferences and programs for employees or associated persons of financial intermediaries and may pay the travel and lodging expenses of attendees. The Distributor also may provide, at its expense, meals and entertainment in conjunction with meetings with financial intermediaries. Other compensation may be offered to the extent not prohibited by applicable federal or state law or regulations, or the rules of any self-regulatory agency, such as FINRA. These payments may vary depending on the nature of the event or the relationship.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the following is a list of FINRA member firms that received additional payments from the Distributor or an affiliate. Additional payments may also be made to certain other financial intermediaries or other persons that are not FINRA member firms that sell Federated Hermes fund shares or provide services to the Federated Hermes funds and shareholders. These firms are not included in this list. Any additions, modifications or deletions to the member firms identified in this list that have occurred since December 31, 2023, are not reflected. You should ask your financial intermediary or any other person that provides services to you for information about any additional payments it receives from the Distributor.
ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc.
AE Wealth Management, LLC
Aegis Financial
All Star Financial
American Enterprise Investment Services Inc.
American Portfolios Advisors, Inc.
Aon Securities Corp.
Arete Wealth Management, LLC
Assetmark, Inc.
Atlas Private Wealth Management, LLC
BlackRock Investments, LLC
BofA Securities, Inc.
Bolton Global Capital, Inc.
Boyd Capital Management
Broadridge Business Process Outsourcing, LLC
Callan
Cambridge Financial Group, Inc.
Cetera Advisor Networks LLC
Cetera Advisors LLC
Cetera Investment Services LLC
Charles Schwab & Company, Inc.
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
Citizens Securities, Inc.
Comerica Securities, Inc.
Commonwealth Financial Network
Davenport & Company LLC
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
Dynasty Wealth Management, LLC
Edward D. Jones & Co., LP
Empower Financial Services, Inc.
Envestnet PMC
FBL Marketing Services, LLC
Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc. (FIIOC)
Fifth Third Securities, Inc.
FIS Brokerage & Securities Services LLC
Global Retirement Partners LLC
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC
HighTower Securities, LLC
Hilltop Securities, Inc.
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HUB International Investment Services Inc.
Huntington Securities, Inc.
Insigneo Securities, LLC
Institutional Cash Distributors, LLC
Interactive Brokers LLC
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
Janney Montgomery Scott LLC
Jefferies LLC
John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co.
Kestra Investment Services LLC
Key Investment Services LLC
KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc.
Keystone Financial Planning, Inc.
Leafhouse Financial Advisors, LLC
Lincoln Financial Advisors Corporation
Lincoln Financial Distributors, Inc.
Lincoln Investment Planning, LLC
LPL Financial LLC
Marquette Associates, Inc.
Mercer Global Advisors Inc.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated
MML Investors
Monarch Wealth Strategies
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC
National Financial Services LLC
Nationwide Investment Services Corporation
NewEdge Securities, Inc.
Northwestern Mutual Investment Services, LLC
OneDigital Investment Advisors
Open Range Financial Group, LLC
Oppenheimer & Company, Inc.
Orion Portfolio Solutions LLC
Osaic Institutions, Inc.
Osaic Wealth, Inc.
Paychex Securities Corp.
Pensionmark Financial Group, LLC
Pershing LLC
Planmember Securities Corporation
PNC Capital Markets, LLC
PNC Investments LLC
Principal Securities, Inc.
Private Client Services, LLC
Private Wealth Advisors, Inc.
Prudential Investment Management Services LLC
Putnam Investment Management, LLC
Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
Raymond James Financial Services, Inc.
RBC Capital Markets, LLC
Robert W Baird & Co. Incorporated
Rockefeller Capital Management
Royal Alliance Associates, Inc.
Sagepoint Financial, LLC
Sanctuary Securities, Inc.
Sanford C. Bernstein & Company, LLC
SBC Wealth Management
Securities America, Inc.
Security Distributors, LLC
Sentry Advisors, LLC
Spire Securities, LLC
State Street Global Markets, LLC
Steward Partners Investment Advisory, LLC
Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated
Strategic Financial Partners, Ltd.
TD Ameritrade, Inc.
TD Private Client Wealth LLC
Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America
The Huntington Investment Company
The Vanguard Group, Inc.
Thrivent Investment Management Inc.
Towerpoint Wealth, LLC
Treasury Brokerage
Truist Investment Services, Inc.
Truist Securities, Inc.
U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc.
UBS Financial Services Inc.
UBS Securities LLC
UMB Financial Services, Inc.
United Planners Financial Services of America, L.P.
Validus Capital LLC
Vanguard Marketing Corporation
Veridian Capital Partners
Vining-Sparks-IBG, LLC
Vision Financial Markets, LLC
Voya Financial Advisors, Inc.
Voya Retirement Advisors, LLC
Webb Financial Group, LLC
Wells Fargo Clearing Services LLC
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
Woodbury Financial Services, Inc.

 
Purchases In-Kind
You may contact the Distributor to request a purchase of Shares using securities you own. The Fund reserves the right to determine whether to accept your securities and the minimum market value to accept. The Fund will value your securities in the same manner as it values its assets. An in-kind purchase may be treated as a sale of your securities for federal tax purposes; please consult your tax adviser regarding potential tax liability.
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Redemption In-Kind
Although the Fund generally intends to pay Share redemptions in cash, it reserves the right, on its own initiative or in response to a shareholder request, to pay the redemption price in whole or in part by a distribution of the Fund’s portfolio securities.
Because the Fund has elected to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act, the Fund is obligated to pay Share redemptions to any one shareholder in cash only up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net assets represented by such Share class during any 90-day period.
Any Share redemption payment greater than this amount will also be in cash unless the Fund elects to pay all or a portion of the remainder of the redemption in portfolio securities, valued in the same way as the Fund determines its NAV.
Redemption in-kind is not as liquid as a cash redemption. Shareholders receiving the portfolio securities could have difficulty selling them, may incur related transaction costs and would be subject to risks of fluctuations in the securities’ values prior to sale.
Delaware Statutory Trust Law
The Fund is an organization of the type commonly known as a “Delaware statutory trust.” The Fund’s Declaration of Trust provides that the Trustees and officers of the Fund, in their capacity as such, will not be personally liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law; but nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against any liability to the Fund or its shareholders to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office. Voting rights are not cumulative, which means that the holders of more than 50% of the Shares voting for the election of Trustees can elect 100% of the Trustees and, in such event, the holders of the remaining less than 50% of the Shares voting on the matter will not be able to elect any Trustees.
In the unlikely event a shareholder is held personally liable for the Trust’s obligations, the Trust is required by the Declaration of Trust to use its property to protect or compensate the shareholder. On request, the Trust will defend any claim made and pay any judgment against a shareholder for any act or obligation of the Trust. Therefore, financial loss resulting from liability as a shareholder will occur only if the Trust itself cannot meet its obligations to indemnify shareholders and pay judgments against them.
Account and Share Information
Voting Rights
Each Share of the Fund gives the shareholder one vote in Trustee elections and other matters submitted to shareholders for vote.
All Shares of the Trust have equal voting rights, except that in matters affecting only a particular Fund or class, only Shares of that Fund or class are entitled to vote.
Trustees may be removed by the Board or by shareholders at a special meeting. A special meeting of shareholders will be called by the Board upon the written request of shareholders who own at least 10% of the Trust’s outstanding Shares of all series entitled to vote.
As of December 9, 2024, the following shareholders owned of record, beneficially, or both, 5% or more of outstanding Class A Shares: National Financial Services, LLC, New York, NY, owned approximately 32,296 Shares (77.33%); and Vanguard Brokerage Services, Malvern, PA, owned approximately 5,806 Shares (13.90%).
As of December 9, 2024, the following shareholders owned of record, beneficially, or both, 5% or more of outstanding Institutional Shares: UBS WM USA, Weehawken, NJ, owned approximately 2,641,935 Shares (36.26%); Pershing LLC, Jersey City, NJ, owned approximately 2,489,606 Shares (34.16%); Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., San Francisco, CA, owned approximately 712,987 Shares (9.78%); National Financial Services, LLC, Jersey City, NJ, owned approximately 702,092 Shares (9.63%); and American Enterprise Inv Svc, Minneapolis, MN, owned approximately 368,017 Shares (5.05%).
As of December 9, 2024, the following shareholders owned of record, beneficially, or both, 5% or more of outstanding Class R6 Shares: National Financial Services, LLC, Jersey City, NJ, owned approximately 12,531 Shares (99.94%).
Shareholders owning 25% or more of outstanding Shares may be in control and be able to affect the outcome of certain matters presented for a vote of shareholders.
National Financial Services LLC is organized in the State of Delaware and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Fidelity Global Brokerage Group, Inc., which is organized in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
UBS Wealth Management USA is a division of UBS Financial Services Inc. which is organized in the State of Delaware.
Pershing LLC is organized in the State of Delaware and is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation which is organized in the State of Delaware.
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Tax Information
Federal Income Tax
The Fund intends to meet requirements of Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) applicable to regulated investment companies. If these requirements are not met, it will not receive special tax treatment and will be subject to federal corporate income tax.
Tax Basis Information
The Fund’s Transfer Agent and/or your financial intermediary is required to provide you with the cost basis information on the sale of any of your Shares in the Fund, subject to certain exceptions.
Foreign Investments
If the Fund purchases foreign securities, its investment income may be subject to foreign withholding or other taxes that could reduce the return on these securities. Tax treaties between the United States and foreign countries, however, may reduce or eliminate the amount of foreign taxes to which the Fund would be subject. The effective rate of foreign tax cannot be predicted since the amount of Fund assets to be invested within various countries is uncertain. However, the Fund intends to operate so as to qualify for treaty-reduced tax rates when applicable.
Distributions from the Fund may be based on estimates of book income for the year. Book income generally consists solely of the income generated by the securities in the portfolio, whereas tax-basis income includes, in addition, gains or losses attributable to currency fluctuation. Due to differences in the book and tax treatment of fixed-income securities denominated in foreign currencies, it is difficult to project currency effects on an interim basis. Therefore, to the extent that currency fluctuations cannot be anticipated, a portion of distributions to shareholders could later be designated as a return of capital, rather than income, for income tax purposes, which may be of particular concern to certain trusts.
Certain foreign corporations may qualify as Passive Foreign Investment Companies (PFIC). There are special rules prescribing the tax treatment of such an investment by the Fund, which could subject the Fund to federal income tax.
If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s assets at the end of the tax year is represented by stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will qualify for certain Code provisions that allow its shareholders to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction on their U.S. income tax returns. The Code may limit a shareholder’s ability to claim a foreign tax credit. Shareholders who elect to deduct their portion of the Fund’s foreign taxes rather than take the foreign tax credit must itemize deductions on their income tax returns.
Who Manages and Provides Services to the Fund?
Board of Trustees
The Board of Trustees is responsible for managing the Trust’s business affairs and for exercising all the Trust’s powers except those reserved for the shareholders. The following tables give information about each Trustee and the senior officers of the Fund. Where required, the tables separately list Trustees who are “interested persons” of the Fund (i.e., “Interested” Trustees) and those who are not (i.e., “Independent” Trustees). Unless otherwise noted, the address of each person listed is 1001 Liberty Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-3779. The address of all Independent Trustees listed is 4000 Ericsson Drive, Warrendale, PA 15086-7561; Attention: Mutual Fund Board. As of December 31, 2023, the Trust comprised 11 portfolios, and the Federated Hermes Complex consisted of 33 investment companies (comprising 101 portfolios). Unless otherwise noted, each Officer is elected annually. Unless otherwise noted, each Trustee oversees all portfolios in the Federated Hermes Complex and serves for an indefinite term.
As of December 9, 2024, the Fund’s Board and Officers as a group owned less than 1% of each class of the Fund’s outstanding Shares.
qualifications of Independent Trustees
Individual Trustee qualifications are noted in the “Independent Trustees Background and Compensation” chart. In addition, the following characteristics are among those that were considered for each existing Trustee and will be considered for any Nominee Trustee.
■ Outstanding skills in disciplines deemed by the Independent Trustees to be particularly relevant to the role of Independent Trustee and to the Federated Hermes funds, including legal, accounting, business management, the financial industry generally and the investment industry particularly.
■ Desire and availability to serve for a substantial period of time, taking into account the Board’s current mandatory retirement age of 75 years.
23
■ No conflicts which would interfere with qualifying as independent.
■ Appropriate interpersonal skills to work effectively with other Independent Trustees.
■ Understanding and appreciation of the important role occupied by Independent Trustees in the regulatory structure governing regulated investment companies. ■ Diversity of background.
interested Trustees Background and Compensation 
Name
Birth Date
Positions Held with Trust
Date Service Began
Principal Occupation(s) for Past Five Years,
Other Directorships Held and Previous Position(s)
Aggregate
Compensation
From Fund
(past fiscal year)
Total Compensation
From Fund and
Federated Hermes Complex
(past calendar year)
J. Christopher Donahue*
Birth Date: April 11, 1949
President and Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Principal Executive Officer and President of certain
of the Funds in the Federated Hermes Complex; Director or Trustee of the
Funds in the Federated Hermes Complex; Chairman, President, Chief
Executive Officer and Director, Federated Hermes, Inc.; Trustee, Federated
Administrative Services and Director, Federated Administrative Services,
Inc.; Trustee and Chairman, Federated Advisory Services Company; Director
or Trustee and Chairman, Federated Investment Management Company,
Federated Global Investment Management Corp., Federated Equity
Management Company of Pennsylvania, and Federated MDTA LLC; Trustee,
Federated Investment Counseling; Trustee, Federated Shareholder Services
Company; Director, Federated Services Company.
Previous Positions: President, Federated Investment Counseling; President
and Chief Executive Officer, Federated Investment Management Company,
Federated Global Investment Management Corp. and Passport
Research, Ltd.; Chairman, Passport Research, Ltd.
$0
$0
John B. Fisher*
Birth Date: May 16, 1956
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Principal Executive Officer and President of certain
of the Funds in the Federated Hermes Complex; Director or Trustee of
certain of the Funds in the Federated Hermes Complex; Director and Vice
President, Federated Hermes, Inc.; President, Director/Trustee and CEO,
Federated Advisory Services Company, Federated Equity Management
Company of Pennsylvania, Federated Global Investment Management
Corp., Federated Investment Counseling, Federated Investment
Management Company and Federated MDTA LLC; Director, Federated
Investors Trust Company.
Previous Positions: President and Director of the Institutional Sales
Division of Federated Securities Corp.; President and CEO of Passport
Research, Ltd.; Director and President, Technology, Federated
Services Company.
$0
$0
*
Reasons for “interested” status: J. Christopher Donahue and John B. Fisher are interested due to their beneficial ownership of shares of Federated Hermes, Inc. and due to positions they hold with Federated Hermes, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Independent Trustees BACKGROUND, qualifications AND COMPENSATION 
Name
Birth Date
Positions Held with Trust
Date Service Began
Principal Occupation(s) and Other Directorships Held for
Past Five Years, Previous Position(s) and Qualifications
Aggregate
Compensation
From Fund
(past fiscal year)+
Total Compensation
From Trust and
Federated Hermes Complex
(past calendar year)
John G. Carson
Birth Date: May 15, 1965
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: January 2024
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee of certain Funds in the
Federated Hermes Complex; Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment
Officer, Northstar Asset Management (Financial Services); formerly, Chief
Compliance Officer, Northstar Asset Management (Financial Services).
Other Directorships Held: None.
Qualifications: Mr. Carson has served in various business management
roles throughout his career. Mr. Carson was a Vice President at the
Glenmede Trust Company and a Managing Director at Oppenheimer &
Company. Prior to that he spent more than a decade with the Bank of
America/Merrill Lynch as a Director of Institutional Sales. Earlier on,
Mr. Carson held similar positions for Wertheim Schroder/Schroders PLC
and Drexel Burnham Lambert.
$105.14
$0
24
Name
Birth Date
Positions Held with Trust
Date Service Began
Principal Occupation(s) and Other Directorships Held for
Past Five Years, Previous Position(s) and Qualifications
Aggregate
Compensation
From Fund
(past fiscal year)+
Total Compensation
From Trust and
Federated Hermes Complex
(past calendar year)
G. Thomas Hough
Birth Date: February 28, 1955
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee and Chair of the Board of
Directors or Trustees of the Federated Hermes Complex; formerly,
Vice Chair, Ernst & Young LLP (public accounting firm) (Retired).
Other Directorships Held: Director, Chair of the Audit Committee,
Member of the Compensation Committee, Equifax, Inc.; Lead Director,
Member of the Audit and Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committees, Haverty Furniture Companies, Inc.
Qualifications: Mr. Hough has served in accounting, business
management and directorship positions throughout his career. Mr. Hough
most recently held the position of Americas Vice Chair of Assurance with
Ernst & Young LLP (public accounting firm). Mr. Hough serves on the
President’s Cabinet and Business School Board of Visitors for the
University of Alabama. Mr. Hough previously served as a Director and
Member of the Audit Governance and Compensation Committees at
Publix Super Markets, Inc. as well as on the Business School Board of
Visitors for Wake Forest University. In addition, he previously served as an
Executive Committee member of the United States Golf Association.
$176.60
$365,000
Maureen Lally-Green
Birth Date: July 5, 1949
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee of the Federated Hermes
Complex; Adjunct Professor of Law, Emerita, Duquesne University School
of Law; formerly, Dean of the Duquesne University School of Law and
Professor of Law and Interim Dean of the Duquesne University School of
Law; formerly, Associate General Secretary and Director, Office of Church
Relations, Diocese of Pittsburgh.
Other Directorships Held: Director, CNX Resources Corporation
(natural gas).
Qualifications: Judge Lally-Green has served in various legal and business
roles and directorship positions throughout her career. Judge Lally-Green
previously held the position of Dean of the School of Law of Duquesne
University (as well as Interim Dean). Judge Lally-Green previously served
as Director of the Office of Church Relations and later as Associate
General Secretary for the Diocese of Pittsburgh, a member of the
Superior Court of Pennsylvania and as a Professor of Law, Duquesne
University School of Law. Judge Lally-Green was appointed by the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and previously served on the Supreme
Court’s Board of Continuing Judicial Education and the Supreme Court’s
Appellate Court Procedural Rules Committee. Judge Lally-Green was then
appointed by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and currently serves on
the Judicial Ethics Advisory Board. Judge Lally-Green also currently holds
the positions on not for profit or for profit boards of directors as follows:
Director and Chair, UPMC Mercy Hospital; Regent, Saint Vincent
Seminary; Member, Pennsylvania State Board of Education (public);
Director, Catholic Charities, Pittsburgh; and Director, CNX Resources
Corporation (natural gas). Judge Lally-Green has held the positions of:
Director, Auberle; Director, Epilepsy Foundation of Western and Central
Pennsylvania; Director, Ireland Institute of Pittsburgh; Director, Saint
Thomas More Society; Director and Chair, Catholic High Schools of the
Diocese of Pittsburgh, Inc.; Director, Pennsylvania Bar Institute; Director,
Saint Vincent College; Director and Chair, North Catholic
High School, Inc.; Director and Vice Chair, Our Campaign for the Church
Alive!, Inc.; and Director and Vice Chair, Saint Francis University.
$375.55
$330,000
25
Name
Birth Date
Positions Held with Trust
Date Service Began
Principal Occupation(s) and Other Directorships Held for
Past Five Years, Previous Position(s) and Qualifications
Aggregate
Compensation
From Fund
(past fiscal year)+
Total Compensation
From Trust and
Federated Hermes Complex
(past calendar year)
Thomas M. O’Neill
Birth Date: June 14, 1951
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee and Chair of the Audit
Committee of the Federated Hermes Complex; Sole Proprietor, Navigator
Management Company (investment and strategic consulting).
Other Directorships Held: None.
Qualifications: Mr. O’Neill has served in several business, mutual fund
and financial management roles and directorship positions throughout his
career. Mr. O’Neill serves as Director, Medicines for Humanity. Mr. O’Neill
previously served as Chief Executive Officer and President, Managing
Director and Chief Investment Officer, Fleet Investment Advisors;
President and Chief Executive Officer, Aeltus Investment Management,
Inc.; General Partner, Hellman, Jordan Management Co., Boston, MA;
Chief Investment Officer, The Putnam Companies, Boston, MA; Credit
Analyst and Lending Officer, Fleet Bank; Director and Consultant, EZE
Castle Software (investment order management software); Director,
Midway Pacific (lumber); and Director, The Golisano Children’s Museum of
Naples, Florida.
$166.08
$330,000
Madelyn A. Reilly
Birth Date: February 2, 1956
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: November 2020
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee of the Federated Hermes
Complex; formerly, Senior Vice President for Legal Affairs, General
Counsel and Secretary of Board of Directors, Duquesne
University (Retired).
Other Directorships Held: None.
Qualifications: Ms. Reilly has served in various business and legal
management roles throughout her career. Ms. Reilly previously served as
Senior Vice President for Legal Affairs, General Counsel and Secretary of
Board of Directors and Director of Risk Management and Associate
General Counsel, Duquesne University. Prior to her work at Duquesne
University, Ms. Reilly served as Assistant General Counsel of Compliance
and Enterprise Risk as well as Senior Counsel of Environment, Health and
Safety, PPG Industries. Ms. Reilly currently serves as a member of the
Board of Directors of UPMC Mercy Hospital, and as a member of the
Board of Directors of Catholic Charities, Pittsburgh.
$140.17
$300,000
P. Jerome Richey
Birth Date: February 23, 1949
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee of the Federated Hermes
Complex; Retired; formerly, Senior Vice Chancellor and Chief Legal
Officer, University of Pittsburgh and Executive Vice President and Chief
Legal Officer, CONSOL Energy Inc. (split into two separate publicly traded
companies known as CONSOL Energy Inc. and CNX Resources Corp.).
Other Directorships Held: None.
Qualifications: Mr. Richey has served in several business and legal
management roles and directorship positions throughout his career.
Mr. Richey most recently held the positions of Senior Vice Chancellor and
Chief Legal Officer, University of Pittsburgh. Mr. Richey previously served
as Chairman of the Board, Epilepsy Foundation of Western Pennsylvania
and Chairman of the Board, World Affairs Council of Pittsburgh.
Mr. Richey previously served as Chief Legal Officer and Executive Vice
President, CONSOL Energy Inc. and CNX Gas Company; and Board
Member, Ethics Counsel and Shareholder, Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney
PC (a law firm).
$375.55
$330,000
26
Name
Birth Date
Positions Held with Trust
Date Service Began
Principal Occupation(s) and Other Directorships Held for
Past Five Years, Previous Position(s) and Qualifications
Aggregate
Compensation
From Fund
(past fiscal year)+
Total Compensation
From Trust and
Federated Hermes Complex
(past calendar year)
John S. Walsh
Birth Date: November 28, 1957
Trustee
Indefinite Term
Began serving: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Director or Trustee of the Federated Hermes
Complex; President and Director, Heat Wagon, Inc. (manufacturer of
construction temporary heaters); President and Director, Manufacturers
Products, Inc. (distributor of portable construction heaters); President,
Portable Heater Parts, a division of Manufacturers Products, Inc.
Other Directorships Held: None.
Qualifications: Mr. Walsh has served in several business management
roles and directorship positions throughout his career. Mr. Walsh
previously served as Vice President, Walsh & Kelly, Inc.
(paving contractors).
$150.69
$300,000
OFFICERS* 
Name
Birth Date
Address
Positions Held with Trust
Date Service Began
Principal Occupation(s) and Previous Position(s)
Jeremy D. Boughton
Birth Date: September 29, 1976
Treasurer
Officer since: March 2024
Principal Occupations: Principal Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Federated Hermes Complex; Senior Vice President,
Federated Administrative Services, Federated Administrative Services, Inc., Federated Advisory Services Company, Federated
Equity Management Company of Pennsylvania, Federated Global Investment Management Corp., Federated Investment
Counseling, Federated Investment Management Company and Federated MDTA, LLC. Formerly, Controller, Federated Hermes,
Inc. and Financial and Operations Principal for Federated Securities Corp. Mr. Boughton has received the Certified Public
Accountant designation.
Previous Positions: Senior Vice President and Assistant Treasurer, Federated Investors Management Company; Treasurer,
Federated Investors Trust Company; Assistant Treasurer, Federated Administrative Services, Federated Administrative Services,
Inc., Federated Securities Corp., Federated Advisory Services Company, Federated Equity Management Company of
Pennsylvania, Federated Global Investment Management Corp., Federated Investment Counseling, Federated Investment
Management Company, Federated MDTA, LLC and Federated Hermes (UK) LLP, as well as other subsidiaries of Federated
Hermes, Inc.
Peter J. Germain
Birth Date: September 3, 1959
CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER,
SECRETARY and EXECUTIVE
VICE PRESIDENT
Officer since: November 2017
Principal Occupations: Mr. Germain is Chief Legal Officer, Secretary and Executive Vice President of the Federated Hermes
Complex. He is General Counsel, Chief Legal Officer, Secretary and Executive Vice President, Federated Hermes, Inc.; Trustee
and Senior Vice President, Federated Investors Management Company; Trustee and President, Federated Administrative
Services; Director and President, Federated Administrative Services, Inc.; Director and Vice President, Federated Securities
Corp.; Director and Secretary, Federated Private Asset Management, Inc.; Secretary, Federated Shareholder Services Company;
and Secretary, Retirement Plan Service Company of America. Mr. Germain joined Federated Hermes, Inc. in 1984 and is a
member of the Pennsylvania Bar Association.
Previous Positions: Deputy General Counsel, Special Counsel, Managing Director of Mutual Fund Services, Federated Hermes,
Inc.; Senior Vice President, Federated Services Company; and Senior Corporate Counsel, Federated Hermes, Inc.
Stephen Van Meter
Birth Date: June 5, 1975
CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER
AND SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT
Officer since: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of the Federated Hermes Complex; Vice President
and Chief Compliance Officer of Federated Hermes, Inc. and Chief Compliance Officer of certain of its subsidiaries.
Mr. Van Meter joined Federated Hermes, Inc. in October 2011. He holds FINRA licenses under Series 3, 7, 24 and 66.
Previous Positions: Mr. Van Meter previously held the position of Compliance Operating Officer, Federated Hermes, Inc. Prior to
joining Federated Hermes, Inc., Mr. Van Meter served at the United States Securities and Exchange Commission in the positions
of Senior Counsel, Office of Chief Counsel, Division of Investment Management and Senior Counsel, Division of Enforcement.
Stephen F. Auth
Birth Date: September 13, 1956
101 Park Avenue
41st Floor
New York, NY 10178
CHIEF INVESTMENT OFFICER
Officer since: May 2017
Principal Occupations: Stephen F. Auth is Chief Investment Officer of various Funds in the Federated Hermes Complex;
Executive Vice President, Federated Investment Counseling, Federated Global Investment Management Corp. and Federated
Equity Management Company of Pennsylvania.
Previous Positions: Executive Vice President, Federated Investment Management Company and Passport Research, Ltd.
(investment advisory subsidiary of Federated Hermes); Senior Vice President, Global Portfolio Management Services Division;
Senior Vice President, Federated Investment Management Company and Passport Research, Ltd.; Senior Managing Director and
Portfolio Manager, Prudential Investments.
*
Officers do not receive any compensation from the Fund.
In addition, the Fund has appointed an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer.
27
DIRECTOR/TRUSTEE EMERITUS PROGRAM
The Board has created a position of Director/Trustee Emeritus, whereby an incumbent Director/Trustee who has attained the age of 75 and completed a minimum of five years of service as a director/trustee, may, in the sole discretion of the Committee of Independent Directors/Trustees (“Committee”), be recommended to the full Board of Directors/Trustees of the Fund to serve as Director/Trustee Emeritus.
A Director/Trustee Emeritus that has been approved as such receives an annual fee in an amount equal to a percent of the annual base compensation paid to a Director/Trustee. In the case of a Director/Trustee Emeritus who had previously served at least five years but less than 10 years as a Director/Trustee, the percent will be 10%. In the case of a Director/Trustee Emeritus who had previously served at least 10 years as a Director/Trustee, the percent will be 20%. The Director/Trustee Emeritus will be reimbursed for any expenses incurred in connection with their service, including expenses of travel and lodging incurred in attendance at Board meetings. Director/Trustee Emeritus will continue to receive relevant materials concerning the Funds, will be expected to attend at least one regularly scheduled quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors/Trustees each year and will be available to consult with the Committees or its representatives at reasonable times as requested by the Chairman; however, a Director/Trustee Emeritus does not have any voting rights at Board meetings and is not subject to election by shareholders of the Funds.
The Director/Trustee Emeritus will be permitted to serve in such capacity at the pleasure of the Committee, but the annual fee will cease to be paid at the end of the calendar year during which he or she has attained the age of 80 years, thereafter the position will be honorary.
The following table shows the fees paid to each Director/Trustee Emeritus for the Fund’s most recently ended fiscal year and the portion of that fee paid by the Fund or Corporation/Trust.1
EMERITUS Trustees and Compensation 
Director/Trustee Emeritus
Compensation
From the Fund
(past fiscal year)
Total
Compensation
Paid to
Director/Trustee
Emeritus1
(past calendar year)
John T. Collins2
$9.69
$0.00
Charles F. Mansfield, Jr.
$12.94
$60,000
1
The fees paid to a Director/Trustee are allocated among the funds that were in existence at the time the Director/Trustee elected Emeritus status, based on each fund’s net assets at that time.
2
John T. Collins retired from the Federated Hermes Funds Board of Directors/Trustees on December 31, 2023. Mr. Collins was appointed as Emeritus Director/Trustee on February 15, 2024, to become retroactively effective as of January 1, 2024. Until December 31, 2023, Mr. Collins was compensated as a Director/Trustee of the Fund and was paid $385,000 for his service to the Federated Hermes Funds for the calendar year ended December 31, 2023.
BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE
As required under the terms of certain regulatory settlements, the Chairman of the Board is not an interested person of the Fund and neither the Chairman, nor any firm with which the Chairman is affiliated, has a prior relationship with Federated Hermes or its affiliates or (other than his position as a Trustee) with the Fund.
Committees of the Board 
Board
Committee
Committee
Members
Committee Functions
Meetings Held
During Last
Fiscal Year
Executive
J. Christopher Donahue
G. Thomas Hough
John S. Walsh
In between meetings of the full Board, the Executive Committee generally may
exercise all the powers of the full Board in the management and direction of the
business and conduct of the affairs of the Trust in such manner as the Executive
Committee shall deem to be in the best interests of the Trust. However, the
Executive Committee cannot elect or remove Board members, increase or decrease
the number of Trustees, elect or remove any Officer, declare dividends, issue shares
or recommend to shareholders any action requiring shareholder approval.
One
28
Board
Committee
Committee
Members
Committee Functions
Meetings Held
During Last
Fiscal Year
Audit
Maureen Lally-Green
Thomas M. O’Neill
P. Jerome Richey
John S. Walsh
The purposes of the Audit Committee are to oversee the accounting and financial
reporting process of the Fund, the Fund’s internal control over financial reporting
and the quality, integrity and independent audit of the Fund’s financial statements.
The Committee also oversees or assists the Board with the oversight of compliance
with legal requirements relating to those matters, approves the engagement and
reviews the qualifications, independence and performance of the Fund’s
independent registered public accounting firm, acts as a liaison between the
independent registered public accounting firm and the Board and reviews the Fund’s
internal audit function.
Seven
Nominating
John G. Carson
G. Thomas Hough
Maureen Lally-Green
Thomas M. O’Neill
Madelyn A. Reilly
P. Jerome Richey
John S. Walsh
The Nominating Committee, whose members consist of all Independent Trustees,
selects and nominates persons for election to the Fund’s Board when vacancies
occur. The Committee will consider candidates recommended by shareholders,
Independent Trustees, officers or employees of any of the Fund’s agents or service
providers and counsel to the Fund. Any shareholder who desires to have an
individual considered for nomination by the Committee must submit a
recommendation in writing to the Secretary of the Fund, at the Fund’s address
appearing on the back cover of this SAI. The recommendation should include the
name and address of both the shareholder and the candidate and detailed
information concerning the candidate’s qualifications and experience. In identifying
and evaluating candidates for consideration, the Committee shall consider such
factors as it deems appropriate. Those factors will ordinarily include: integrity,
intelligence, collegiality, judgment, diversity, skill, business and other experience,
qualification as an “Independent Trustee,” the existence of material relationships
which may create the appearance of a lack of independence, financial or accounting
knowledge and experience and dedication and willingness to devote the time and
attention necessary to fulfill Board responsibilities.
Two
BOARD’S ROLE IN RISK OVERSIGHT
The Board’s role in overseeing the Fund’s general risks includes receiving performance reports for the Fund and risk management reports from Federated Hermes’ Chief Risk Officer at each regular Board meeting. The Chief Risk Officer is responsible for enterprise risk management at Federated Hermes, which includes risk management committees for investment management and for investor services. The Board also receives regular reports from the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer regarding significant compliance risks.
On behalf of the Board, the Audit Committee plays a key role overseeing the Fund’s financial reporting and valuation risks. The Audit Committee meets regularly with the Fund’s Principal Financial Officer and outside auditors, as well as with Federated Hermes’ Chief Audit Executive to discuss financial reporting and audit issues, including risks relating to financial controls.
Board Ownership Of Shares In The Fund And In The Federated Hermes Family Of Investment Companies As Of December 31, 2023 
Interested Board
Member Name
Dollar Range of
Shares Owned in
Federated Hermes SDG
Engagement Equity Fund
Aggregate
Dollar Range of
Shares Owned in
Federated Hermes Family of
Investment Companies
J. Christopher Donahue
None
Over $100,000
John B. Fisher
None
Over $100,000
Independent Board
Member Name
 
 
John G. Carson
None
None
G. Thomas Hough
None
Over $100,000
Maureen Lally-Green
None
Over $100,000
Thomas M. O’Neill
None
Over $100,000
Madelyn A. Reilly
None
Over $100,000
P. Jerome Richey
None
Over $100,000
John S. Walsh
None
Over $100,000
29
Investment Adviser AND SUB-ADVISER
Fed Global, as the investment adviser, is responsible for the supervision of the sub-adviser’s services to the Fund and, subject to general oversight of the Board, manages and supervises the investment operations and business affairs of the Fund. HIML, as the sub-adviser, conducts investment research and makes investment decisions for the Fund, subject to the supervision of Fed Global.
Fed Global is a wholly owned subsidiary of Federated Hermes. HIML is a wholly owned subsidiary of Federated Hermes Limited (formerly, Hermes Fund Managers Limited) (FHL), which is a 100% indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Federated Hermes.
Neither Fed Global nor HIML shall be liable to the Fund or any Fund shareholder for any losses that may be sustained in the purchase, holding, or sale of any security or for anything done or omitted by it, except acts or omissions involving willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties imposed upon it by its contract with the Fund.
In December 2017, Federated Investors, Inc., now Federated Hermes, became a signatory to the Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI). The PRI is an investor initiative in partnership with the United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative and the United Nations Global Compact. Commitments made as a signatory to the PRI are not legally binding, but are voluntary and aspirational. They include efforts, where consistent with our fiduciary responsibilities, to incorporate environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) issues into investment analysis and investment decision making, to be active owners and incorporate ESG issues into our ownership policies and practices, to seek appropriate disclosure on ESG issues by the entities in which we invest, to promote acceptance and implementation of the PRI within the investment industry, to enhance our effectiveness in implementing the PRI, and to report on our activities and progress towards implementing the PRI. Being a signatory to the PRI does not obligate Federated Hermes to take, or not take, any particular action as it relates to investment decisions or other activities.
In July 2018, Federated Investors, Inc., now Federated Hermes, acquired a majority interest in FHL, a pioneer of integrated ESG investing. Federated Hermes now owns 100% of FHL. FHL’s experience with ESG issues contributes to Federated Hermes’ understanding of material risks and opportunities these issues may present.
EOS at Federated Hermes, which was established as Hermes Equity Ownership Services Limited (EOS) in 2004 as an affiliate of FHL and HIML, is a 50+ member engagement and stewardship team that conducts long-term, objectives-driven dialogue with board and senior executive level representatives of approximately 1,000 unique issuers annually. It seeks to address the most material ESG risks and opportunities through constructive and continuous discussions with the goal of improving long-term results for investors. Engagers’ deep understanding across sectors, themes and regional markets, along with language and cultural expertise, allows EOS to provide insights to companies on the merits of addressing ESG risks and the positive benefits of capturing opportunities. Federated Hermes investment management teams have access to the insights gained from understanding a company’s approach to these long-term strategic matters as an additional input to improve portfolio risk/return characteristics.
Portfolio Manager Information
As a general matter, certain conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio manager’s management of a fund’s investments, on the one hand, and the investments of other funds/pooled investment vehicles or accounts (collectively, including the Fund, as applicable, “accounts”) for which the portfolio manager is responsible, on the other. For example, it is possible that the various accounts managed could have different investment strategies that, at times, might conflict with one another to the possible detriment of the Fund. Alternatively, to the extent that the same investment opportunities might be desirable for more than one account, possible conflicts could arise in determining how to allocate them. Other potential conflicts can include, for example, conflicts created by specific portfolio manager compensation arrangements (including, for example, the allocation or weighting given to the performance of the Fund or other accounts or activities for which the portfolio manager is responsible in calculating the portfolio manager’s compensation), and conflicts relating to selection of brokers or dealers to execute Fund portfolio trades and/or specific uses of commissions from Fund portfolio trades (for example, research or “soft dollars”). The Adviser has adopted policies and procedures and has structured the portfolio managers’ compensation in a manner reasonably designed to safeguard the Fund from being negatively affected as a result of any such potential conflicts.
HIML and its affiliates, which are wholly owned subsidiaries of Federated Hermes Limited (FHL), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Federated Hermes, Inc. (“FHL Advisory Companies”), have trading desks that are separate from those of Federated Global Investment Management Corp. and other wholly owned advisory companies of Federated Hermes (“Federated Advisory Companies”) (collectively, the “Advisory Companies”). Therefore, actual or potential conflicts could arise to the extent the Advisory Companies may share material non-public information (MNPI). In order to address such potential conflicts and protect client interests, information barriers have been established between the Federated Advisory Companies and the FHL Advisory Companies such that personnel of the FHL Advisory Companies and of the Federated Advisory Companies are generally precluded from sharing investment-related information, including MNPI, across the barriers. In addition, there will be no
30
integration or allocation of trades between the Advisory Companies. To the extent that applicable U.S. and UK law, and the laws of certain other jurisdictions, require the Advisory Companies to make regulatory filings that may require sharing of MNPI, the Advisory Companies have implemented internal controls which require that such information will be shared only among such limited personnel as is necessary to make accurate and timely regulatory filings and to maintain proper trading limitations. The Advisory Companies will generally operate subject to their own internal personal dealing, trade allocation, and side by side management policies. In any limited situation in which the Federated Advisory Companies may “need to know” certain investment-related information from FHL Advisory Companies, or vice versa, approval requiring certain conditions must be granted by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Federated Advisory Companies. Such conditions may include certain personnel being subject to the Code of Ethics of both Federated and FHL Advisory Companies, or in the case of a fund advised by a Federated Advisory Company and sub-advised by an FHL Advisory Company, or vice-versa, the holdings and transactions of those funds are included in the personal trade monitoring for both entities.
The following information about the Fund’s Portfolio Manager is provided as of the end of the Fund’s most recently completed fiscal year unless otherwise indicated.
Hamish Galpin, Portfolio Manager 
Types of Accounts Managed
by Hamish Galpin
Total Number of Additional
Accounts Managed/Total Assets*
Registered Investment Companies
0/$0
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
2/$1.3 billion
Other Accounts
1/$92.9 million
*
None of the Accounts has an advisory fee that is based on the performance of the account.
Dollar value range of shares owned in the Fund: None.
Hamish Galpin is paid a competitive fixed base salary and a discretionary annual incentive. The annual incentive amount is determined by considering a range of financial and non-financial criteria. The criteria include investment performance, contribution to ESG commitments as well as the individual’s conduct and behaviors. Other factors deemed relevant may also be considered, and the criteria may be adjusted periodically. Discretionary incentive awards take into consideration the overall financial performance of the company, the individual, and the products that the individual is involved in managing.
A portion of Mr. Galpin’s discretionary annual incentive is subject to deferral arrangements. The deferral period is three years. At least 50% of the deferred component of Mr. Galpin’s bonus is notionally co-invested in the strategies that he manages.
Additionally, Federated Hermes has established a long-term incentive plan that allows participants to benefit from ownership of restricted shares in Federated Hermes, Inc. Under the plan, shares in Federated Hermes, Inc. are awarded to participants and will vest over a multi-year period. Following vesting, participants are restricted from selling or transferring shares for an additional period of time. Participants are eligible to receive dividends from the first year of award. Participants are proposed by the Executive Committee based on a range of factors.
Services Agreement
Federated Advisory Services Company, an affiliate of the Adviser, provides certain support services to the Adviser. The fee for these services is paid by the Adviser and not by the Fund.
Other Related Services
Affiliates of the Adviser may, from time to time, provide certain electronic equipment and software to institutional customers in order to facilitate the purchase of Fund Shares offered by the Distributor.
Code Of Ethics Restrictions On Personal Trading
As required by Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act (as applicable), the Fund, its Adviser, its sub-adviser HIML (the “Sub-Adviser”), and its Distributor have adopted codes of ethics. These codes govern securities trading activities of investment personnel, Fund Trustees and certain other employees. Although they do permit these people to trade in securities, including those that the Fund could buy, as well as Shares of the Fund, they also contain significant safeguards designed to protect the Fund and its shareholders from abuses in this area, such as requirements to obtain prior approval for, and to report, particular transactions.
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PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Board has delegated to the Adviser, and the Adviser has in turn delegated to the Sub-Adviser, the authority to vote proxies on the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio. The Sub-Adviser has established a Governance Committee (“Governance Committee”) to oversee all engagement and proxy voting activities related to the Fund.
Overview
The Sub-Adviser’s Corporate Governance and Responsible Investment Guidelines (any corporate governance and/or responsible investment policies adopted by the Sub-Adviser from time to time) inform its investment beliefs and provide a framework for engagement with investee companies and the exercising of voting rights.
The Sub-Adviser expects investee companies at a minimum to observe accepted corporate governance standards in their local markets or explain why not doing so is in the best interests of shareholders. The Sub-Adviser views engagement as a critical activity because it provides the Sub-Adviser with an opportunity to improve its understanding of the investee company and its governance structures. This understanding is a significant input for voting decisions.
Procedures
The Fund has hired the Sub-Adviser to manage its assets and to execute the stewardship program, which includes company engagement and voting. The Sub-Adviser will use its affiliate, EOS at Federated, to assist with engagement with investee companies and provide voting recommendations, informed by company disclosure, engagement with the company, and research from external research providers, including Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS).
While EOS’ voting recommendation will inform the Sub-Adviser’s assessment, the Sub-Adviser will make a final judgment, with a view to its fiduciary obligations to its clients and the Fund’s stated investment objectives.
The Sub-Adviser retains ISS for its administrative voting infrastructure. Besides providing an electronic voting platform, ISS’s service includes ballot collection, reconciliation and proxy voting bookkeeping.
Conflicts of Interest
The Sub-Adviser seeks always to act in the client’s best interests, and takes all reasonable steps to identify conflicts of interest and maintain and operate arrangements to minimize the possibility of such conflicts giving rise to a material risk of damage to the interests of clients. In fulfilling its commitment to being good stewards of those companies in which client assets are invested through engagement and voting, the Sub-Adviser may encounter potential conflicts of interest. The Sub-Adviser has adopted a Stewardship Conflicts of Interest Policy designed to ensure that such conflicts are identified and managed fairly, and that proxies are voted in a manner that prioritizes the long-term value of the companies concerned rather than the interests of the Sub-Adviser, HEOS or any affiliates. This policy is disclosed on the Sub-Adviser’s website and is outlined in the Sub-Adviser’s Global Stewardship Code Statement.
When any Sub-Adviser or HEOS staff member recognizes a potential conflict of interest, he or she must raise it with their line manager. Among other conflicts, our policies require that staff members identify conflicts of interest arising from engagements with companies in which (i) the Sub-Adviser, HEOS or its affiliates have a material interest; (ii) individuals, including portfolio managers or HEOS engagers, have personal investments or some material personal relationship with a relevant individual; and (iii) the Sub-Adviser’s third party fund management or stewardship service clients or prospective clients have a material interest. Where a staff member has a personal connection with a company, he or she is required to make this known and is not involved in any relevant engagement activities or voting recommendations.
A register of instances of conflicts as they arise is maintained by the Sub-Adviser. In those circumstances where a conflict exists or there is a difference of opinion between different Sub-Adviser staff members, the vote recommendation will be escalated to the Governance Committee for decision. Where the Governance Committee is unable to agree, then the CEO of the Sub-Adviser will adjudicate. All such instances will be reported to an independent sub-committee of the Sub-Adviser’s Board.
Securities Lending
The Sub-Adviser does not engage in securities lending.
Record Keeping
The Sub-Adviser maintains the following records with respect to proxy voting:
■ A copy of proxy voting policies and procedures;
■ A copy of all proxy statements received (the Sub-Adviser may rely on a third party to satisfy this requirement);
■ A record of each vote cast by the Fund (the Sub-Adviser may rely on a third party to satisfy this requirement);
■ A copy of any document prepared by the Sub-Adviser that was material to making a voting decision or that memorializes the basis for that decision–for example, insights gleaned from engagement.
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Proxy Voting Report
A report on “Form N-PX” of how the Fund voted any proxies during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available via the Proxy Voting Record (Form N-PX) link associated with the Fund and share class name at FederatedHermes.com/us/FundInformation. Form N-PX filings are also available (i) without charge, upon request, by calling the Fund at 1-800-341-7400, Option #4; and (ii) on the SEC’s web site at sec.gov.
Proxy Voting Policies
Under these policies, the Sub-Adviser’s general policy is to cast proxy votes in favor of management proposals and shareholder proposals that we anticipate will enhance the long-term value of the securities being voted.
This approach to voting proxy proposals will be referred to hereafter as the “General Policy.”
The following illustrates how this General Policy may apply to management proposals and shareholder proposals submitted for approval or ratification by holders of the company’s voting securities. The Fund seeks to vote consistently on different issues in accordance with the stated policies and guidelines. However, recognizing the limitations of any policy to anticipate all potential scenarios, the Fund uses discretion when voting, taking into account the specific circumstances described in the proxy statement and other company disclosure.
All proxy voting decisions are informed by the Sub-Adviser’s ongoing engagement with the management and directors of the company concerned. These engagements provide important context and will influence the final voting decision of the Fund. For a defined set of high-priority companies (watchlist companies), we will generally endeavor to engage with the company before voting against management recommendations. Otherwise, the Fund generally endeavors to inform companies where it has voted against management recommendations and invites further engagement.
The General Policy is informed by a hierarchy of external and internally developed global and regional best practice guidelines. Our HEOS-developed regional corporate governance principles are informed by general best practice guidance such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Principles for Corporate Governance and tailored for local market standards by accounting for regional corporate governance codes as applicable. The Sub-Adviser’s engagement activities are directed by the Sub-Adviser’s annually refreshed Engagement Plan. Both the General Policy and the Engagement Plan are available on the Sub-Adviser’s website: hermes-investment.com.
Based on the specific context in which proxy voting decisions are being made, the Sub-Adviser may vote contrary to the voting guidelines should it judge that it is in the best long-term interests of the value of the securities to do so.
Global Voting Policy
Board and Directors
1. Board independence: We expect boards to meet minimum standards of independence to be able to hold management to account and may vote against the election of directors whose appointment would cause independence to fall below these standards, and/or against the chair of the board where we have serious concerns. We set minimum standards at a market level but, as a general guide, we expect at least half of the board directors to be independent in companies with a dispersed ownership structure, and at least one-third to be independent in controlled companies. In judging a director’s independence, our considerations include, but are not limited to: length of tenure; concurrent service with other board members; whether they represent a significant shareholder; and whether they have any direct, material relationship with the company, other directors or its executives, including receiving any remuneration beyond director fees. Our expectations may exceed the minimum standards set by regulation or best practice codes in some markets.
2. Board committees: Where separate committees are established to oversee remuneration, audit, nomination and other functions, we may vote against chairs or members where we have concerns about independence, skills, the director’s attendance or ability to commit time to the role, or the matters overseen by the committee.
3. Board diversity: In recognition of the value that diversity of thought, skills and attributes brings to board oversight, we will consider voting against relevant directors, including the chair, where we consider board diversity–in terms of gender, ethnicity, age, functional and geographic experience, tenure, and other characteristics–to be below minimum thresholds. Some thresholds, such as gender diversity, are defined at a market level; others, such as skills and experience, are more globally consistent. Our expectations may exceed the minimum standards set by regulation or best practice codes in some markets.
4. Director election: We will generally support the election of directors unless there are specific concerns relating to issues such as board independence and composition; a director’s skills, experience or suitability for the role; a director’s attendance or ability to commit time to the role; or governance or other failures which a director has oversight of or involvement in, including those at other companies.
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5. Director attendance: We may vote against directors who miss a substantial number of meetings–as a guideline, 25% or more–without sufficient explanation.
6. Director commitments: We will consider voting against a director who appears over-committed to other duties, with the guideline of having no more than five directorships. When considering this issue, we take into account a number of factors, including the size and complexity of roles. As a broad guideline, we consider a chair role equivalent to two non-executive directorships and an executive role equivalent to four non-executive directorships. A chair should not hold another executive role and an executive should hold no more than one non-executive role, except for cases where serving as a shareholder representative on boards is an explicit part of an executive’s responsibilities. A significant post at a civil society organization or in public life may also count as equivalent to a directorship, whether executive, non-executive or a chair role.
Remuneration
We set market-specific voting policies on remuneration with reference to local market practice. Our broad guidelines are:
7. Alignment to long-term value: We will consider opposing incentive arrangements that do not align to the creation of long-term value for shareholders and other stakeholders including, for example, those which disproportionally focus on short-term growth of share price or total shareholder returns.
8. Executive shareholdings: We support executive management making material, long-term investment in the company’s shares and may oppose remuneration proposals and reports where shareholding requirements or actual executive shareholdings are insufficient. As a general guideline, we support the aim that executives hold at least 500% of salary in shares and no less than 200%, with varying minimum thresholds based on regional pay practices.
9. Complexity: We will consider voting against overly complex incentive arrangements which are difficult to readily understand. An important factor in assessing complexity is the number of different components that comprise the whole remuneration package.
10. Variable to fixed pay: We will consider voting against proposed incentive schemes or pay awards where we consider the ratio of variable pay relative to fixed pay to be too high, as part of our long-term desire to see simpler pay schemes, based on majority fixed pay and long-term share ownership. We set varying maximum thresholds for variable pay to reflect regional pay practices.
11. Justification for high pay: We will consider voting against pay proposals which appear excessive in the context of wider industry pay practices or where executive pay is raised significantly above inflation or that of the workforce average without a convincing justification.
12. Discretion: We expect boards and remuneration committees to apply discretion to ensure pay outcomes are aligned with performance and the wider experience of shareholders and may oppose remuneration reports and the election of relevant directors where this is not the case.
13. Disclosure: We will generally vote against remuneration reporting where disclosure is insufficient to understand the approach to incentive arrangements and how pay outcomes have been achieved, or where disclosure otherwise falls below expected market practice.
Audit
14. Ratification of external auditors: We will generally oppose the ratification of external auditors and/or the payment of audit fees where we have concerns, including those relating to audit quality or independence, or controversies involving the audit partner or firm.
Protection of Shareholder Rights
15. Limitation of shareholder rights: We will generally vote against any limitation on shareholder rights or the transfer of authority from shareholders to directors and only support proposals which enhance shareholder rights or maximize shareholder value.
16. Related-party transactions: We will generally only support related-party transactions (RPTs) which are made on terms equivalent to those that would prevail in an arm’s length transaction, together with good supporting evidence. We expect RPTs to be overseen and reviewed by independent board directors with annual disclosure of significant RPTs.
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17. Differential voting rights: We will generally vote against the authorization of stock with differential voting rights if the issuance of such stock would adversely affect the voting rights of existing shareholders.
18. Anti-takeover proposals: We will generally vote against anti-takeover proposals or other “poison pill” arrangements including the authority to grant shares which may be used in such a manner.
19. Poll voting: We will generally support proposals to adopt mandatory voting by poll and full disclosure of voting outcomes, together with proposals to adopt confidential voting and independent vote tabulation practices.
20. Authorities to allot shares: We will generally vote against unusual or excessive authorities to increase issued share capital.
21. Rights issues: We generally support rights issues, provided that shareholder approval is obtained for any rights issue for any significant amount of capital (greater than 10% of share capital).
22. Market purchase of ordinary shares (share buybacks): We will generally support proposals for a general authority to buy back shares provided these meet local governance standards. We may not support this authority where it exceeds a period of 18 months, where the potential effect of the buyback program on executive remuneration is not made sufficiently clear, or where we oppose the strategy for long-term capital allocation.
23. Bundled resolutions: We will generally vote against a resolution relating to capital decisions, where the resolution has bundled more than one decision into a single resolution, denying investors the opportunity to make separate voting decisions on separate issues.
24. Virtual/electronic general meetings: We will generally vote against proposals allowing for the conveying of virtual-only shareholder meetings unless such arrangements are a temporary solution in response to restrictions on in-person gatherings. We may accept meetings to be convened in a “hybrid” format–where shareholders have the option to join the meeting via an online platform or to join in person, provided all shareholder rights are protected or enhanced.
Commercial Transactions
25. Commercial transactions: When considering our vote on a commercial transaction, we consider a range of factors in the context of seeking to protect and promote long-term, sustainable value. These include: consistency with strategy; risks and opportunities (the key risks and opportunities and the extent to which these appear to have been managed); and conflicts of interest. The underlying expectation is that due process is followed, with information made available to all shareholders.
Shareholder Resolutions
26. Shareholder resolutions: We support the selective use of shareholder resolutions as a useful tool for communicating investor concerns and priorities or the assertion of shareholder rights, and as a supplement to, or escalation of, direct engagement with companies. We consider such resolutions on a case-by-case basis. When considering whether or not to support resolutions, we consider factors including whether the proposal promotes long-term shareholders’ interests; what the company is already doing or has committed to do; the nature and motivations of the filers, if known; and what potential impacts–positive and negative–the proposal could have on the company if implemented.
Climate Change
27. Climate change: We will consider voting against the chair, and other relevant directors or resolutions, at companies where we consider a company’s response to the risks and opportunities presented by climate change to be materially misaligned with the goals of the Paris Agreement.
28. Climate transition plans: On votes on climate transition plans, we will assess proposals against key criteria of (i) alignment to the Paris Goals and achieving 1.5C; (ii) the quality of the plan to deliver this; and (iii) the commitment of the company to achieving its stated goals.
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Human Rights
29. Human rights: Where we have significant concerns about a company’s actions relating to human rights, we will consider voting against relevant directors, the discharge of management or other relevant resolutions. Our assessment is informed by a range of indicators, such as a failure to comply with legislation or internationally recognized guidance (such as the UN Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights), or evidence that a company has caused or contributed to egregious, adverse human rights impacts or controversies and has failed to provide appropriate remedy.
Portfolio Holdings Information
Information concerning the Fund’s portfolio holdings is available via the link to the Fund and share class name at FederatedHermes.com/us/FundInformation. A complete listing of the Fund’s portfolio holdings as of the end of each calendar quarter is posted on the website 30 days (or the next business day) after the end of the quarter and remains posted for six months thereafter. Summary portfolio composition information as of the close of each month is posted on the website 15 days (or the next business day) after month-end and remains posted until replaced by the information for the succeeding month. The summary portfolio composition information may include: identification of the Fund’s top 10 holdings and a percentage breakdown of the portfolio by sector.
You may also access portfolio information as of the end of the Fund’s fiscal quarters via the link to the Fund and share class name at FederatedHermes.com/us. The Fund’s Form N-CSR contains complete listings of the Fund’s portfolio holdings as of the end of the Fund’s second and fourth fiscal quarters. Fiscal quarter information is made available on the website within 70 days after the end of the fiscal quarter. This information is also available in reports filed with the SEC at the SEC’s website at sec.gov.
Each fiscal quarter, the Fund will file with the SEC a complete schedule of its monthly portfolio holdings on “Form N-PORT.” The Fund’s holdings as of the end of the third month of every fiscal quarter, as reported on Form N-PORT, will be publicly available on the SEC’s website at sec.gov within 60 days of the end of the fiscal quarter upon filing. You may also access this information via the link to the Fund and share class name at FederatedHermes.com/us.
The disclosure policy of the Fund and the Adviser prohibits the disclosure of portfolio holdings information to any investor or intermediary before the same information is made available to other investors. Employees of the Adviser or its affiliates who have access to nonpublic information concerning the Fund’s portfolio holdings are prohibited from trading securities on the basis of this information. Such persons must report all personal securities trades and obtain pre-clearance for all personal securities trades other than mutual fund shares.
Firms that provide administrative, custody, financial, accounting, legal or other services to the Fund may receive nonpublic information about Fund portfolio holdings for purposes relating to their services. The Fund may also provide portfolio holdings information to publications that rate, rank or otherwise categorize investment companies. Traders or portfolio managers may provide “interest” lists to facilitate portfolio trading if the list reflects only that subset of the portfolio for which the trader or portfolio manager is seeking market interest. A list of service providers, publications and other third parties who may receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information appears in the Appendix to this SAI.
The furnishing of nonpublic portfolio holdings information to any third party (other than authorized governmental or regulatory personnel) requires the prior approval of the President of the Adviser and of the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund. The President of the Adviser and the Chief Compliance Officer will approve the furnishing of nonpublic portfolio holdings information to a third party only if they consider the furnishing of such information to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders. In that regard, and to address possible conflicts between the interests of Fund shareholders and those of the Adviser and its affiliates, the following procedures apply. No consideration may be received by the Fund, the Adviser, any affiliate of the Adviser or any of their employees in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information. Before information is furnished, the third party must sign a written agreement that it will safeguard the confidentiality of the information, will use it only for the purposes for which it is furnished and will not use it in connection with the trading of any security. Persons approved to receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information will receive it as often as necessary for the purpose for which it is provided. Such information may be furnished as frequently as daily and often with no time lag between the date of the information and the date it is furnished. The Board receives and reviews annually a list of the persons who receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information and the purposes for which it is furnished.
Brokerage Transactions And Investment Allocation
Equity securities may be traded in the over-the-counter market through broker/dealers acting as principal or agent, or in transactions directly with other investors. Transactions may also be executed on a securities exchange or through an electronic communications network. The Adviser seeks to obtain best execution of trades in equity securities by balancing the costs inherent in trading, including opportunity costs, market impact costs and commissions. As a general matter, the Adviser seeks to add value to its investment management by using market information to capitalize on market opportunities, actively seek
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liquidity and discover price. The Adviser continually monitors its trading results in an effort to improve execution. Fixed-income securities are generally traded in an over-the-counter market on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through dealers acting as principal or in transactions directly with the issuer. Dealers derive an undisclosed amount of compensation by offering securities at a higher price than they bid for them. Some fixed-income securities may have only one primary market maker. The Adviser seeks to use dealers it believes to be actively and effectively trading the security being purchased or sold, but may not always obtain the lowest purchase price or highest sale price with respect to a fixed-income security. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Adviser’s receipt of research services (as described below) may also be a factor in the Adviser’s selection of brokers and dealers. The Adviser may also direct certain portfolio trades to a broker that, in turn, pays a portion of the Fund’s operating expenses. The Adviser makes decisions on portfolio transactions and selects brokers and dealers subject to review by the Fund’s Board.
Investment decisions for the Fund are made independently from those of other accounts managed by the Adviser and accounts managed by affiliates of the Adviser. When the Fund and one or more other accounts managed by the Adviser do invest in, or dispose of, the same security, available investments or opportunities for sales may be allocated among the Fund and the account(s) in a manner believed by the Adviser to be equitable. While the coordination and ability to participate in volume transactions may benefit the Fund, it is possible that this procedure could adversely impact the prices paid or received and/or positions obtained or disposed of by the Fund. Trading and allocation of investments for the Fund, including investments in initial public offerings (IPO), may be done independently from trading and allocation of investments for certain separately managed or wrap-fee accounts, and other accounts, managed by the Adviser. The trading and allocation of investments done by the Adviser, including investments in IPOs, will be done independently from accounts managed by affiliates of the Adviser. It is possible that such independent trading activity could adversely impact the prices paid or received and/or positions obtained or disposed of by the Fund.
Brokerage and Research Services
Brokerage services include execution of trades and products and services that relate to the execution of trades, including communications services related to trade execution, clearing and settlement, trading software used to route orders to market centers, software that provides algorithmic trading strategies and software used to transmit orders to direct market access (DMA) systems. Research services may include: advice as to the advisability of investing in securities; security analysis and reports; economic studies; industry studies; receipt of quotations for portfolio evaluations; and similar services. Research services assist the Adviser and its affiliates in terms of their overall investment responsibilities to funds and investment accounts for which they have investment discretion. However, particular brokerage and research services received by the Adviser and its affiliates may not be used to service every fund or account, and may not benefit the particular funds and accounts that generated the brokerage commissions. In addition, brokerage and research services paid for with commissions generated by the Fund may be used in managing other funds and accounts. To the extent that receipt of these services may replace services for which the Adviser or its affiliates might otherwise have paid, it would tend to reduce their expenses. The Adviser and its affiliates exercise reasonable business judgment in selecting brokers to execute securities transactions where receipt of research services is a factor. They determine in good faith that commissions charged by such persons are reasonable in relationship to the value of the brokerage and research services provided.
MiFID II
Directive 2014/61/EU on markets in financial instruments and Regulation 600/2014/EU on markets in financial instruments (collectively, MiFID II) took effect in member states of the European Union (the EU) on January 3, 2018. MiFID II forms the legal framework governing the requirements applicable to EU investment firms, such as the Sub-Adviser, and trading venues and third-country firms providing investment services or activities in the EU. The extent to which MiFID II will have an indirect impact on markets and market participants outside the EU is unclear and yet to fully play out in practice. It will likely impact pricing, liquidity and transparency in most asset classes.
MiFID II introduces a new rule that an EU regulated firm may execute an equity trade only on an EU trading venue (or with a firm which is a systematic internalizer as defined by MiFID II or an equivalent venue in a third country). This requirement applies to any equities admitted to trading on an EU trading venue, including those with only a secondary listing in the EU. The effect of this rule is to introduce a substantial limit on the possibility of trading off-exchange or OTC in EU-listed equities with EU counterparties.
MiFID II prohibits an EU authorized investment firm from receiving investment research unless it is paid for directly by the firm out of its own resources or from a separate research payment account regulated under MiFID II. All such research costs attributable to the Sub-Adviser will be borne by the Sub-Adviser.
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Administrator
Federated Administrative Services (FAS), a subsidiary of Federated Hermes, provides administrative personnel and services, including certain legal, compliance and financial administrative services (“Administrative Services”), necessary for the operation of the Fund. FAS provides Administrative Services for a fee based upon the rates set forth below paid on the average daily net assets of the Fund. For purposes of determining the appropriate rate breakpoint, “Investment Complex” is defined as all of the Federated Hermes funds subject to a fee under the Administrative Services Agreement with FAS. FAS is also entitled to reimbursement for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred in providing Administrative Services to the Fund. 
Administrative Services
Fee Rate
Average Daily Net Assets
of the Investment Complex
0.100%
on assets up to $50 billion
0.075%
on assets over $50 billion
Custodian
The Bank of New York Mellon, New York, New York, is custodian for the securities and cash of the Fund. Foreign instruments purchased by the Fund are held by foreign banks participating in a network coordinated by The Bank of New York Mellon.
Transfer Agent And Dividend Disbursing Agent
SS&C GIDS, Inc., the Fund’s registered transfer agent, maintains all necessary shareholder records.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund, Ernst & Young LLP, conducts its audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), which require it to plan and perform its audits to provide reasonable assurance about whether the Fund’s financial statements and financial highlights are free of material misstatement.
Fees Paid by the Fund for Services 
For the Year Ended October 31
 
2024
2023
2022
 
Advisory Fee Earned
$782,708
$684,271
$478,470
Advisory Fee Waived
$277,730
$277,849
$321,085
Advisory Fee Reimbursed
—
—
—
Brokerage Commissions
$11,938
$14,915
$7,426
Net Administrative Fee
$82,289
$71,783
$50,572
Net Shareholder Services Fee:
Class A Shares
$1,347
$535
$483
Securities Lending Activities
The Fund does not participate in a securities lending program. As of the date of this Statement of Additional Information, the Fund had no securities lending activities.
The Financial Statements for the Fund for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2024, are incorporated herein by reference to the annual financial statements filed on Form N-CSR of Federated Hermes SDG Engagement Equity Fund dated October 31, 2024.
Investment Ratings
S&P Global RatingS (S&P) LONG-TERM Issue RATINGS
Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on S&P’s analysis of the following considerations: the likelihood of payment-capacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation; the nature of and provisions of the obligation; and the protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.
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AAA—An obligation rated “AAA” has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA—An obligation rated “AA” differs from the highest rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A—An obligation rated “A” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB—An obligation rated “BBB” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
Obligations rated “BB,” “B,” “CCC,” “CC” and “C” are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. “BB” indicates the least degree of speculation and “C” the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB—An obligation rated “BB” is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B—An obligation rated “B” is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated “BB,” but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC—An obligation rated “CCC” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC—An obligation rated “CC” is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment.
C—A “C” rating is assigned to obligations that are currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, obligations that have payment arrearages allowed by the terms of the documents, or obligations of an issuer that is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or similar action which have not experienced a payment default. Among others, the “C” rating may be assigned to subordinated debt, preferred stock or other obligations on which cash payments have been suspended in accordance with the instrument’s terms or when preferred stock is the subject of a distressed exchange offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
D—An obligation rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within five business days, irrespective of any grace period. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized. An obligation’s rating is lowered to “D” upon completion of a distressed exchange offer, whereby some or all of the issue is either repurchased for an amount of cash or replaced by other instruments having a total value that is less than par.
The ratings from “AA” to “CCC” may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
S&P Rating Outlook
An S&P rating outlook assesses the potential direction of a long-term credit rating over the intermediate term (typically six months to two years). In determining a rating outlook, consideration is given to any changes in the economic and/or fundamental business conditions.
Positive—Positive means that a rating may be raised.
Negative—Negative means that a rating may be lowered.
Stable—Stable means that a rating is not likely to change.
Developing—Developing means a rating may be raised or lowered.
N.M.—N.M. means not meaningful.
S&P Short-Term Issue RATINGS
Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the United States, for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days–including commercial paper.
A-1—A short-term obligation rated “A-1” is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
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A-2—A short-term obligation rated “A-2” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3—A short-term obligation rated “A-3” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B—A short-term obligation rated “B” is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C—A short-term obligation rated “C” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D—A short-term obligation rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
MOODY’S Investor Services, Inc. (MOODY’s) LONG-TERM RATINGS
Moody’s long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both on the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default.
Aaa—Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa—Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A—Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium-grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa—Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba—Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B—Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa—Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca—Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C—Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aaa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
MOODY’S Short-Term RATINGS
Moody’s short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of 13 months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.
P-1—Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated P-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2—Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated P-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3—Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated P-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP—Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
FITCH Ratings, INC. (Fitch) LONG-TERM Debt RATINGs
Fitch long-term ratings report Fitch’s opinion on an entity’s relative vulnerability to default on financial obligations. The “threshold” default risk addressed by the rating is generally that of the financial obligations whose non-payment would best reflect the uncured failure of that entity. As such, Fitch long-term ratings also address relative vulnerability to bankruptcy, administrative receivership or similar concepts, although the agency recognizes that issuers may also make pre-emptive and therefore voluntary use of such mechanisms.
AAA: Highest Credit Quality—“AAA” ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very High Credit Quality—“AA” ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
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A: High Credit Quality—“A” ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB: Good Credit Quality—“BBB” ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: Speculative—“BB” ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments.
B: Highly Speculative—“B” ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC: Substantial Credit Risk—Default is a real possibility.
CC: Very High Levels of Credit Risk—Default of some kind appears probable.
C: Exceptionally High Levels of Credit Risk—Default is imminent or inevitable, or the issuer is in standstill. Conditions that are indicative of a “C” category rating for an issuer include: (a) the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation; (b) the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation; or (c) Fitch otherwise believes a condition of “RD” or “D” to be imminent or inevitable, including through the formal announcement of a distressed debt exchange.
RD: Restricted Default—“RD” ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion has experienced an uncured payment default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but which has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and which has not otherwise ceased operating. This would include: (a) the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt; (b) the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation; (c) the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; or (d) execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.
D: Default—“D” ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business.
Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange.
“Imminent” default typically refers to the occasion where a payment default has been intimated by the issuer, and is all but inevitable. This may, for example, be where an issuer has missed a scheduled payment, but (as is typical) has a grace period during which it may cure the payment default. Another alternative would be where an issuer has formally announced a distressed debt exchange, but the date of the exchange still lies several days or weeks in the immediate future.
In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agency’s opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ from the definition of default under the terms of an issuer’s financial obligations or local commercial practice.
FITCH SHORT-TERM DEBT RATINGs
A Fitch short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short-term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
F1: Highest Short-Term Credit Quality—Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2: Good Short-Term Credit Quality—Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3: Fair Short-Term Credit Quality—The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
B: Speculative Short-Term Credit Quality—Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
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C: High Short-Term Default Risk—Default is a real possibility.
RD: Restricted Default—Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Applicable to entity ratings only.
D: Default—Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
A.M. BEST Company, Inc. (a.m. best) LONG-TERM DEBT and Preferred Stock RATINGS
A Best’s long-term debt rating is Best’s independent opinion of an issuer/entity’s ability to meet its ongoing financial obligations to security holders when due.
aaa: Exceptional—Assigned to issues where the issuer has an exceptional ability to meet the terms of the obligation.
aa: Very Strong—Assigned to issues where the issuer has a very strong ability to meet the terms of the obligation.
a: Strong—Assigned to issues where the issuer has a strong ability to meet the terms of the obligation.
bbb: Adequate—Assigned to issues where the issuer has an adequate ability to meet the terms of the obligation; however, the issue is more susceptible to changes in economic or other conditions.
bb: Speculative—Assigned to issues where the issuer has speculative credit characteristics, generally due to a modest margin or principal and interest payment protection and vulnerability to economic changes.
b: Very Speculative—Assigned to issues where the issuer has very speculative credit characteristics, generally due to a modest margin of principal and interest payment protection and extreme vulnerability to economic changes.
ccc, cc, c: Extremely Speculative—Assigned to issues where the issuer has extremely speculative credit characteristics, generally due to a minimal margin of principal and interest payment protection and/or limited ability to withstand adverse changes in economic or other conditions.
d: In Default—Assigned to issues in default on payment of principal, interest or other terms and conditions, or when a bankruptcy petition or similar action has been filed.
Ratings from “aa” to “ccc” may be enhanced with a “+” (plus) or “-” (minus) to indicate whether credit quality is near the top or bottom of a category.
A.M. BEST SHORT-TERM DEBT RATINGS
A Best’s short-term debt rating is Best’s opinion of an issuer/entity’s ability to meet its financial obligations having original maturities of generally less than one year, such as commercial paper.
AMB-1+ Strongest—Assigned to issues where the issuer has the strongest ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
AMB-1 Outstanding—Assigned to issues where the issuer has an outstanding ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
AMB-2 Satisfactory—Assigned to issues where the issuer has a satisfactory ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
AMB-3 Adequate—Assigned to issues where the issuer has an adequate ability to repay short-term debt obligations; however, adverse economic conditions likely will reduce the issuer’s capacity to meet its financial commitments.
AMB-4 Speculative—Assigned to issues where the issuer has speculative credit characteristics and is vulnerable to adverse economic or other external changes, which could have a marked impact on the company’s ability to meet its financial commitments.
d: In Default—Assigned to issues in default on payment of principal, interest or other terms and conditions, or when a bankruptcy petition or similar action has been filed.
A.M. Best Rating Modifiers
Both long- and short-term credit ratings can be assigned a modifier.
u—Indicates the rating may change in the near term, typically within six months. Generally is event-driven, with positive, negative or developing implications.
pd—Indicates ratings assigned to a company that chose not to participate in A.M. Best’s interactive rating process (discontinued in 2010).
i—Indicates rating assigned is indicative.
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A.M. BEST RATING OUTLOOK
A.M. Best Credit Ratings are assigned a Rating Outlook that indicates the potential direction of a credit rating over an intermediate term, generally defined as the next 12 to 36 months.
Positive—Indicates possible ratings upgrade due to favorable financial/market trends relative to the current trading level.
Negative—Indicates possible ratings downgrade due to unfavorable financial/market trends relative to the current trading level.
Stable—Indicates low likelihood of rating change due to stable financial/market trends.
Not Rated
Certain nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) may designate certain issues as NR, meaning that the issue or obligation is not rated.
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Addresses
Federated Hermes SDG Engagement Equity Fund
Class A Shares
Institutional Shares
Class R6 Shares
Federated Hermes Funds
4000 Ericsson Drive
Warrendale, PA 15086-7561
Distributor
Federated Securities Corp.
1001 Liberty Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15222-3779
Investment Adviser
Federated Global Investment Management Corporation
101 Park Avenue
41st Floor
New York, NY 10178
Sub-Adviser
Hermes Investment Management Limited
Sixth Floor
150 Cheapside
London EC2V 6ET
England
Transfer Agent and Dividend Disbursing Agent
SS&C GIDS, Inc.
P.O. Box 219318
Kansas City, MO 64121-9318
Custodian
The Bank of New York Mellon
One Wall Street
New York, NY 10286
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young LLP
200 Clarendon Street
Boston, MA 02116-5072
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Appendix
The following is a list of persons, other than the Adviser and its affiliates, that have been approved to receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information concerning the Fund or Federated Hermes Complex; however, certain persons below might not receive such information concerning the Fund or Federated Hermes Complex:
CUSTODIAN(S)
The Bank of New York Mellon
SECURITIES LENDING AGENT
Citibank, N.A.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Ernst & Young LLP
LEGAL COUNSEL
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
K&L Gates LLP
Financial PrinterS
Broadridge Investor Communication Solutions, Inc.
Donnelley Financial Solutions
Proxy Voting Administrator
Institutional Shareholder Services
SECURITY PRICING SERVICES
Bloomberg L.P.
S&P Global Ratings
JPMorgan PricingDirect
London Stock Exchange Group PLC (LSEG)
RATINGS AGENCIES
Fitch Ratings, Inc.
Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.
S&P Global Ratings
Other SERVICE PROVIDERS
Other types of service providers that have been approved to receive nonpublic portfolio holdings information include service providers offering, for example, trade order management systems, portfolio analytics, or performance and accounting systems, such as:
ACA Technology Surveillance, Inc.
Bank of America
Bloomberg L.P.
Charles River Development
Citibank, N.A.
Eagle Investment Systems LLC
Electra Information Systems
FactSet Research Systems Inc.
FISGlobal
Institutional Shareholder Services
Investortools, Inc.
MSCI ESG Research LLC
Northern Trust Corporation
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Sustainalytics U.S. Inc.
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