PAYSON TOTAL RETURN FUND
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary Section | 1 |
Investment Objective | 1 |
Fees and Expenses | 1 |
Principal Investment Strategies | 2 |
Principal Investment Risks | 2 |
Performance Information | 6 |
Management | 8 |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares | 8 |
Tax Information | 8 |
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries | 8 |
Details Regarding Principal Investment Strategies And Risks | 9 |
Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Strategies | 9 |
Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Risks | 10 |
Management | 18 |
Investment Adviser | 18 |
Portfolio Managers | 18 |
Other Service Providers | 18 |
Fund Expenses | 19 |
Your Account | 20 |
General Information | 20 |
How to Contact the Fund | 20 |
Buying Shares | 23 |
Selling Shares | 27 |
Retirement Accounts | 30 |
Other Information | 31 |
Financial Highlights | 34 |
PAYSON TOTAL RETURN FUND
SUMMARY SECTION
The Payson Total Return Fund (the “Fund”) seeks a combination of high current income and capital appreciation.
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and examples below.
(fees paid directly from your investment) |
|
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of the offering price) | |
Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the offering price) | |
Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends and Distributions (as a percentage of the offering price) | |
Redemption Fee (as a percentage of amount redeemed, if applicable) |
(expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
|
Management Fees | |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees | |
Other Expenses | |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
Example. This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then hold or redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, whether you do or do not redeem your shares at the end of each period described below, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Portfolio
Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it
buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio
turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher
taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not
reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s
performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover
rate was
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PAYSON TOTAL RETURN FUND
SUMMARY SECTION
Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests primarily in common stock and convertible securities of large and mid capitalization domestic companies. The Fund’s investment adviser, H.M. Payson & Co. (the “Adviser”), defines large capitalization domestic companies as those companies with market capitalizations in excess of $12 billion and mid capitalization domestic companies as those companies with market capitalizations in the range of $2 billion to $12 billion. The Fund may invest in debt securities, which are primarily investment grade, that include U.S. Government securities, including U.S. Treasury bills, Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, notes and bonds, as well as corporate bonds and notes issued by large and mid capitalization domestic companies, and asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities. If an investment grade security held by the Fund is downgraded to non-investment grade, the Fund may hold the security if the Adviser believes the issuer will continue to pay its debt or the current market price does not properly reflect what the Adviser believes to be the intrinsic value of the security. The Fund may write covered call options on equity securities held in the Fund’s portfolio to generate premiums in an effort to provide downside protection in declining markets. The Fund may also make strategic investments in exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) and foreign securities, and may invest a significant portion of the Fund’s total assets in cash or cash equivalents if the Adviser does not identify investments selling at discounts to what the Adviser believes are their intrinsic value.
The Adviser maintains a long-term, equity-oriented perspective, being much less concerned with investment performance on a quarterly or shorter basis than with real, long-term increase in value or growth of income by issuers and the Fund. The Adviser uses both a quantitative and a fundamental approach to identify stocks that are undervalued compared to a company’s financial condition. With respect to the Fund’s investment in debt securities, the Adviser monitors interest rate outlooks, the shape of the yield curve and other economic factors to determine an appropriate maturity profile for the Fund’s investment portfolio consistent with the Fund’s objective. Then, the Adviser monitors the investments in the Fund’s portfolio to determine if there have been any fundamental changes in the companies or issuers, and may sell a security when its investment profile changes, including relative to other potential investments.
The
Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and investment return will fluctuate based upon
changes in the value of its portfolio securities.
It is important that you closely review and understand the risks of investing in the Fund prior to making an investment in the Fund.
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SUMMARY SECTION
Equity Risk. Equity securities, including common stocks, convertible securities, preferred stocks, warrants and sponsored and unsponsored ADRs may decline in value because of changes in the price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. Common stock ranks below preferred stock and debt securities in claims for dividends and for assets of the company in a liquidation or bankruptcy. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer of a security or broader economic or market events including changes in interest rates.
Market Events Risk. Disruptive events with geopolitical consequences, including pandemics (such as COVID-19), may destabilize various countries’ economies and markets, which may experience increased volatility and reduced liquidity. Policy changes by the Federal Reserve and/or other government actors could similarly cause increased volatility in financial markets. Trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.) may also result in market turbulence. Market volatility and reductions in market liquidity may negatively affect issuers worldwide, including issuers in which the Fund invests. Under such circumstances, the Fund may have difficulty liquidating portfolio holdings, particularly at favorable prices. To the extent that the Fund experiences higher levels of redemptions, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio holdings, even during volatile market conditions, which may negatively impact the Fund’s net asset value.
Large Capitalization Company Risk. The Fund’s investments in large capitalization companies may underperform other segments of the market because they may be less responsive to competitive challenges and opportunities and unable to attain high growth rates during periods of economic expansion.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and its performance will reflect the Adviser’s ability to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the Fund’s investment objective.
Sector Risk. The Fund may invest a higher percentage of its total assets in one or more sectors. Developments affecting those sectors should be expected to impact the Fund more than a fund that is more broadly diversified and/or is not weighted in those sectors.
Technology Sector Risk. Investments in technology companies are vulnerable to factors affecting the technology sector, such as dependency on consumer and business acceptance as new technology evolves, large and rapid price movements resulting from competition, rapid obsolescence of products and services and short product cycles. Many technology companies are small and at an earlier stage of development and, therefore, may be subject to risks such as those arising out of limited product lines, markets and financial and managerial resources.
Financials Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the financials sector, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. Performance of companies in the financials sector may be adversely impacted by many factors, including, among others, government regulations, economic conditions, credit rating downgrades, changes in interest rates, and decreased liquidity in credit markets. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, recent or future
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SUMMARY SECTION
regulation of any individual financial company, or recent or future regulation of the financials sector as a whole cannot be predicted.
Healthcare Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the healthcare sector, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The profitability of companies in the healthcare sector may be affected by government regulations changing costs of medical products and services, limited product lines, and product liability claims, among other things. Many healthcare companies are heavily dependent on patent protection, which may be time consuming and costly, and the expiration of a company’s patent may adversely affect that company’s profitability. Healthcare companies may be thinly capitalized and susceptible to product obsolescence. Many new products in the healthcare sector require significant research and development and may be subject to regulatory approvals, which may be time consuming and costly and with no guarantee that the product will come to market.
Large Shareholder Risk. To the extent that a large number of shares of the Fund is held by a single shareholder (e.g., an institutional investor), the Fund is subject to the risk that a redemption by that shareholder of all or a large portion of its Fund shares will require the Fund to sell securities at disadvantageous prices or otherwise disrupt the Fund's operations.
Mid Capitalization Company Risk. Investments in mid capitalization companies may be less liquid and their securities’ prices may fluctuate more than those of larger, more established companies. These factors could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to sell such securities at a desirable time and price.
Quantitative Security Selection Risk. To the extent the Adviser uses quantitative techniques to generate investment decisions, its processes and security selection can be adversely affected if it relies on erroneous or outdated data. The factors used in quantitative analysis and the weight placed on those factors may not be predictive of a security’s value. In addition, factors that affect a security’s value can change over time and these changes may not be reflected in the quantitative model.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. To the extent the Fund holds cash and cash equivalents positions, even strategically, the Fund risks achieving lower returns and potential lost opportunities to participate in market appreciation, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance and ability to achieve its investment objective. This is particularly true when the market for other investments in which the Fund may invest is rapidly rising.
Foreign Investments Risk. The value of foreign investments may be affected by risks in addition to those affecting domestic investments, including the imposition of new, amended, or limited government regulations, changes in diplomatic relations between the U.S. and another country, political and economic instability, less favorable economic conditions, the imposition or tightening of exchange controls, trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.), or other limitations on repatriation of foreign capital or nationalization and/or increased taxation or confiscation of investors’ assets. Investments in securities of
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SUMMARY SECTION
foreign issuers are subject to fluctuations in the value of the issuer’s local currency relative to the U.S dollar and may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes.
High-Yield Securities Risk. Investments in “high-yield securities” or “junk bonds” are inherently speculative and have a greater risk of default than investments in investment-grade fixed-income securities. If an issuer defaults, a below investment-grade security could lose all of its value, be renegotiated at a lower interest rate or principal amount or become illiquid. Below investment-grade securities may be less liquid and more volatile than investment-grade fixed-income securities and may be more difficult to value or sell.
Value Investment Risk. The Fund’s investments in value securities are subject to the risk that they may remain undervalued for extended periods of time or never realize their full value. Different investment styles may shift in and out of favor, depending on market conditions and investor sentiment. The Fund’s value approach could cause it to underperform funds that use a growth or non-value approach to investing or have a broader investment style.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in U.S. Government securities, which may be backed by the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the full faith and credit of the U.S., and may include U.S. Treasury bills, Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, notes and bonds. These securities are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. The market prices for such securities are not guaranteed and will fluctuate. Certain U.S. Government agency securities are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Department of the Treasury, or are supported only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality; such securities are subject to a greater risk of default by the issuer.
Inflation-Indexed Security Risk. Interest payments on inflation-indexed securities, such as Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities, can be unpredictable and will vary as the principal and/or interest is periodically adjusted based on the rate of inflation.
Convertible Securities Risk. Investments in convertible securities entail some of the risks of both equity and debt securities. The value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates rise and, because of the conversion feature, tends to vary with the fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities or any changes in the issuer’s credit rating. Convertible securities are subject to the risk that the credit rating of the issuer may have an effect on the value of the convertible securities.
Exchange-Traded Funds Risk. The risks of investment in these securities typically reflect the risks of types of instruments in which the ETFs invest. By investing in an ETF, the Fund becomes a shareholder of that ETF and bears its proportionate share of the fees and expenses of the ETF. ETF shares trade in the secondary market and may be purchased by the Fund at a premium or discount to their NAV. When selling such securities, the Fund may not sell at the same premium or discount and may lose money on the premium or discount.
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SUMMARY SECTION
Fixed-Income Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in fixed-income (debt) securities, which are generally subject to the following risks:
Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a fixed-income security may cause the issuer to default. A decline in an issuer’s credit rating may cause a decrease in the value of the security and an increase in investment risk and price volatility.
Extension Risk. If interest rates rise, repayments of principal on certain fixed-income securities may occur at a slower-than-expected rate and, as a result, the expected maturity of such securities could lengthen which could cause their value to decline.
Interest Rate Risk. An increase in interest rates typically causes a decrease in the value of fixed-income securities in which the Fund may invest. Given that interest rates have been near historic lows, risks associated with rising rates may be heightened. Fixed-income securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, generally making them more volatile than fixed-income securities with shorter durations.
Prepayment Risk. Prepayment of fixed-income securities, which is more common when interest rates are declining, may shorten such securities’ maturity, reduce the Fund’s return and cause the Fund to reinvest in lower yielding securities.
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities Risk. Investments in a variety of mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities are subject to interest rate risk, credit risk, extension risk and prepayment risk.
Selling Covered Call Options Risk. As a result of selling a covered call option, the Fund may be required to sell a portfolio security. Under such circumstances, the Fund would not participate in gains in the stock price beyond the exercise prices. In addition, selling options generates gains, which are largely short-term capital gains that are distributed to shareholders as dividends.
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SUMMARY SECTION
The calendar
During the period shown, the for a quarter was % for the quarter ended , and the was % for the quarter ended .
(For the
periods ended December 31, 2021)
1 Year |
5 Year |
10 Year |
Since
|
||
Return Before Taxes | |||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions | |||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Shares | |||||
S&P 500® Index |
S&P 500® Index is a broad-based, unmanaged measure of changes in stock market conditions based on the average performance of stocks of 500 large U.S. companies.
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SUMMARY SECTION
Management
Investment Adviser. H.M. Payson & Co. is the Fund’s investment adviser.
Portfolio Managers. The Fund is managed on a day-to-day basis by the following individuals who are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
● | Peter E. Robbins, Managing Director, Chief Investment Officer, and Chief Executive Officer, was portfolio manager of the Fund from 1991 to 2007 and has been co-portfolio manager of the Fund since 2008. |
● | William N. Weickert, Managing Director, Director of Portfolio Management, and Secretary of the Adviser, has been co-portfolio manager of the Fund since 2008. |
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or sell (redeem) shares of the Fund on any day that the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) is open for business. You may purchase or redeem shares directly from the Fund by calling (800) 805-8258 (toll free) or writing to the Fund at Payson Total Return Fund, P.O. Box 588, Portland, Maine 04112. You also may purchase or redeem shares of the Fund through your financial intermediary. The Fund accepts investments in the following minimum amounts:
Minimum
Initial Investment |
Minimum
Additional Investment | |
Standard Accounts |
$2,000 |
$250 |
Retirement Accounts |
$1,000 |
$250 |
Tax Information
Shareholders may receive distributions from the Fund, which may be taxed to shareholders other than tax-advantaged investors (such as tax-advantaged retirement plans and accounts) as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both. If you are investing through a tax-advantaged account, you may still be subject to taxation at ordinary income tax rates upon withdrawals from that account.
Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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PAYSON TOTAL RETURN FUND
DETAILS REGARDING PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
Concepts to Understand
Common Stock means an ownership interest in a company and usually possesses voting rights and may earn dividends.
Convertible Security means a security such as a preferred stock or bond that may be converted into a specified number of shares of common stock.
Value Company means a company whose market price is low relative to its financial condition, price history and/or the stock of comparable companies.
Market Capitalization means the total value of all of a company’s stock in the stock market based on the stock’s market price.
Debt Security means a security such as a bond or note that obligates the issuer to pay the security owner a specified sum of money (interest) at set intervals and to repay the principal amount of the security at its maturity.
Bond means a debt security with a long-term maturity usually 5 years or longer.
Note means a debt security with a short-term maturity usually less than 5 years.
U.S. Government Securities means debt securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.
Investment Grade Security means a security rated in one of the four highest ratings categories by a nationally recognized organization who provided ratings, such as Standard & Poor’s, Fitch, Inc., Moody’s or unrated and determined to be of comparable quality by the Adviser.
The Fund seeks a combination of high current income and capital appreciation by investing primarily in common stock and securities convertible into common stock, which appear to be undervalued, and in investment grade debt securities, including U.S. government, government agency and corporate obligations.
Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Strategies
Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests primarily in common stock and convertible securities of large and mid capitalization domestic value companies. The Adviser considers large capitalization domestic companies typically to have market capitalizations in excess of $12 billion. The Adviser considers mid capitalization domestic companies typically to have market capitalizations in the range of $2 billion to $12 billion. The Fund also invests in debt securities, which are primarily investment grade, that include U.S. Government securities, including U.S. Treasury bills, Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, notes and bonds, as well as corporate bonds and notes issued by large and mid capitalization domestic companies, and asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities. The Fund may also make strategic investments in ETFs and foreign securities, and may invest a significant portion of the Fund’s total assets in cash or cash equivalents if the Fund’s Adviser does not identify investments selling at discounts to what the Adviser believes are their fair intrinsic value.
The Fund may sell “covered” call options against a portion of the Fund’s portfolio holdings of common stocks. As the seller of a call option, the Fund receives cash (the premium) from the purchaser. The purchaser of the call option has the right to any appreciation in the value of the security over a fixed price (the exercise price) anytime before a certain date in the future (the expiration date). The Fund, in effect, sells the potential appreciation in the value of the underlying security or index in exchange for the premium.
The Adviser’s Process. The Adviser maintains a long-term, equity-oriented perspective, being much less concerned with investment performance on a quarterly or shorter basis than with real, long-term increase
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in value or growth of income by issuers and the Fund. Investment time horizon is the paramount determinant of long-term investment strategy, and the Fund has a long-term time horizon.
The Adviser uses both a quantitative and a fundamental approach to identify stocks that are undervalued compared to the company’s financial condition. The Adviser first conducts a fundamental analysis of prospective companies to determine their near and long-term financial prospects and then uses quantitative measurements, including price/earnings ratios, price/book ratios, price/sales ratios, dividend yields and profitability, to select those stocks that appear undervalued.
With respect to the Fund’s investment in debt securities, the Adviser monitors interest rate outlooks, the shape of the yield curve and other economic factors to determine an appropriate maturity profile for the Fund’s investment portfolio consistent with the Fund’s objective. In particular, the Adviser watches the yield spreads between higher and lower quality debt securities, between different sectors of the economy and between different types of debt securities to identify those securities that provide the highest yield at the best price. The Fund may invest in debt securities of any maturity, any quality, and any principal amount, with any interest rate and reset terms.
The Adviser monitors the investments in the Fund’s portfolio to determine if there have been any fundamental changes in the companies or issuers. The Adviser may sell a security if:
● | The security subsequently fails to meet the Adviser’s initial investment criteria; |
● | A more attractively priced security is found or if funds are needed for other purposes; |
● | The Adviser believes that the security has reached its appreciation potential; or |
● | Revised economic forecasts or interest rate outlook requires a repositioning of debt securities. |
Temporary Defensive Position. In order to respond to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, the Fund may assume a temporary defensive position that is inconsistent with its principal investment objective and/or strategies and may invest, without limitation, in cash or high-quality cash equivalents (including money market instruments, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances and time deposits). A defensive position, taken at the wrong time, may have an adverse impact on the Fund’s performance. The Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective during the employment of a temporary defensive position.
Additional Information Regarding Principal Investment Risks
The Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”) and investment return will fluctuate based upon changes in the value of its portfolio. You could lose money on your investment in the Fund, and the Fund could underperform other investments. There is no guarantee that the Fund will meet its investment objective. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
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Equity Risk. Equity securities, common stocks, convertible securities, preferred stocks, warrants and sponsored and unsponsored ADRs, and REITs may decline in value because of changes in price of a particular holding or a broad stock market decline. These fluctuations could be a drastic movement or a sustained trend. The value of a security may decline for a number of reasons that directly relate to the issuer of a security, such as management performance, financial leverage and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services, or broader economic or market events, including changes in interest rates. Common stocks in general are subject to the risk of an issuer liquidating or declaring bankruptcy, in which case the claims of owners of the issuer’s debt securities and preferred stock take precedence over the claims of common stockholders.
Market Events Risk. Turbulence in the financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and fixed-income markets may negatively affect issuers worldwide, which could have an adverse effect on the Fund. Disruptive events with geopolitical consequences, including pandemics and natural disasters, may destabilize world economies and cause market turbulence. Trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.) may also increase market turbulence. Similarly, policy changes by the Federal Reserve and/or other government actors, including changes in interest rates, could cause or increase volatility in the financial markets. Increases in market volatility may lead to reductions in market liquidity, which may make it more difficult for the Fund to purchase and sell portfolio holdings at favorable market prices and make the Fund’s net asset value fluctuate materially. To the extent that the Fund experiences high redemptions during periods of market turbulence, the Fund’s performance may be adversely affected as the Fund may not be able to sell portfolio holdings at favorable prices. In addition, the Fund may experience increased portfolio turnover, which will increase its costs and adversely impact its performance.
In late 2019 and early 2020, a global pandemic and policy changes implemented by the United Kingdom caused varying levels of market turbulence. Most significantly, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory disease from a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, was detected in China and spread internationally, resulting in major operational and market disruptions. Various countries closed their borders and internally imposed or recommended strict quarantines of exposed populations. Travel became restricted. Supply chains were disrupted, and consumer activity decreased. All of these changes in the world economy led to significant market uncertainty, heightened market volatility and reduced market liquidity. The final impact of COVID-19, and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, cannot be known at this time and may materially adversely affect issuers in which the Fund invests and the Fund itself.
In addition, the United Kingdom officially withdrew from the European Union (“EU”) on January 31, 2020 in an act commonly referred to as “Brexit.” The effect of Brexit on the United Kingdom and European economies will likely depend on the nature of trade relations between the United Kingdom and the EU and other major economies following Brexit, which are matters being negotiated. There is significant market uncertainty regarding Brexit’s ramifications of possible political, regulatory, economic, and market outcomes.
In addition, Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, significantly amplifying already existing geopolitical tensions. The United States and many other countries have instituted various
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economic sanctions against Russian individuals and entities (including corporate and banking). The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions imposed and other punitive action taken and resulting future market disruptions in Europe and globally cannot be easily predicted, but could be significant and have a severe adverse effect on Russia and Europe in general, including significant negative impacts on the economy.
Large Capitalization Company Risk. Investments in large capitalization companies may go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions and may underperform other market segments. Some large capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges or to attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies, especially during extended periods of economic expansion. As such, returns on investments in stocks of large capitalization companies could trail the returns on investments in stocks of small and mid-sized capitalization companies.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and its performance will reflect the Adviser’s ability to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the Fund’s investment objective. Investments selected by the Adviser for the Fund may not perform to expectations. This could result in the Fund’s underperformance compared to other funds with similar investment objectives. Further, the Fund’s performance may deviate from overall market returns to a greater degree than funds that do not employ a similar strategy.
Sector Risk. The Fund may invest a higher percentage of its total assets in one or more sectors. The industries that comprise a sector may react similarly to changes in market conditions such as economic, political or regulatory events. Therefore, the value of the Fund’s portfolio investments may be more sensitive to such events, which may result in greater risk to the Fund. In addition, the profitability of companies in the financial services industries can also be significantly affected by the cost of capital, changes in interest rates and price competition.
Technology Sector Risk. Investments in technology companies are particularly vulnerable to factors affecting the technology sector, such as dependency on consumer and business acceptance as new technology evolves, large and rapid price movements resulting from competition, rapid obsolescence of products and services and short product cycles. Many technology companies are small and at an earlier stage of development and, therefore, may be subject to risks such as those arising out of limited product lines, markets and financial and managerial resources. The value of a Fund’s shares could experience significantly greater volatility than Funds investing more broadly.
Financials Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the financials sector, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. Performance of companies in the financials sector may be adversely impacted by many factors, including, among others, government regulations, economic conditions, credit rating downgrades, changes in interest rates, and decreased liquidity in credit markets. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, recent or future regulation of any individual financial company, or recent or future regulation of the financials sector as a whole cannot be predicted.
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Healthcare Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the healthcare sector, the Fund’s performance could be negatively impacted by events affecting this sector. The profitability of companies in the healthcare sector may be affected by government regulations and government healthcare programs, government reimbursement for medical expenses, increases or decreases in the cost of medical products and services, limited product lines, increased emphasis on the delivery of healthcare through outpatient services and product liability claims. Many healthcare companies are heavily dependent on patent protection, which may be time consuming and costly, and the expiration of a company’s patent may adversely affect that company’s profitability. Healthcare companies are subject to competitive forces that may result in pricing pressure, including price discounting, and may be thinly capitalized and susceptible to product obsolescence. Many new products in the healthcare sector require significant research and development and may be subject to regulatory approvals, which may be time consuming and costly and with no guarantee that the product will come to market.
Large Shareholder Risk. To the extent that a large number of shares of the Fund is held by a single shareholder (e.g., an institutional investor), the Fund is subject to the risk that a redemption by that shareholder of all or a large portion of its Fund shares will require the Fund to sell securities at disadvantageous prices or otherwise disrupt the Fund's operations.
Mid Capitalization Company Risk. Investments in mid capitalization companies may entail greater risks, and their securities’ prices may fluctuate more and have a higher degree of volatility than those of larger, more established companies. Securities of mid capitalization companies may be traded in lower volume and be less liquid. The general market may not favor mid capitalization companies in which the Fund invests and as a result the Fund could underperform the general market. Mid capitalization companies may have more limited product lines, markets and financial resources that make them more susceptible to economic and market setbacks. Additionally, information about these companies may not be readily available. These factors could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to sell such securities at a desirable time and price.
Quantitative Security Selection Risk. Data for some issuers may be less available and/or less current than data for issuers in other markets. To the extent the Adviser uses quantitative techniques to generate investment decisions, its processes and security selection can be adversely affected if it relies on erroneous or outdated data. Securities selected using quantitative analysis can perform differently from the market as a whole or securities selected using only fundamental analysis as a result of the characteristics used in the analysis, the weight placed on each characteristic, and changes in the characteristic’s historical trends. The factors used in quantitative analysis and the weight placed on those factors may not be predictive of a security’s value. In addition, factors that affect a security’s value can change over time and these changes may not be reflected in the quantitative model.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. To the extent the Fund holds cash and cash equivalents positions, even strategically, the Fund risks achieving lower returns and potential lost opportunities to participate in market appreciation, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance and ability to achieve its investment
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DETAILS REGARDING PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
objective. This is particularly true when the market for other investments in which the Fund may invest is rapidly rising.
Foreign Investments Risk. The value of foreign investments may be affected by risks in addition to those affecting domestic investments, including the imposition of new or amended government regulations, changes in diplomatic relations between the U.S. and another country, political and economic instability, the imposition or tightening of exchange controls or other limitations on repatriation of foreign capital or nationalization, trade barriers and other protectionist trade policies (including those in the U.S.) and/ or increased taxation or confiscation of investors’ assets. Investments in securities of foreign issuers are subject to the risk that an issuer’s securities may not reflect the issuer's condition because there is not sufficient publicly available information about the issuer. This risk may be greater for investments in issuers in emerging or developing markets due to lower liquidity and higher likelihood of hyperinflation and currency devaluations. The Fund may have limited or no legal recourse in the event of default with respect to certain foreign securities. In addition, key information about the issuer, the markets or the local government or economy may be unavailable, incomplete or inaccurate. Investments in securities of foreign issuers are subject to fluctuations in the value of the issuer’s local currency relative to the U.S dollar and may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes. Trading in foreign markets typically involves higher expense than trading in the United States. Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets may result in delays in payment or delivery of securities.
High-Yield Securities Risk. Investments in “high-yield securities” or “junk bonds” are inherently speculative and have a greater risk of default than investments in investment-grade fixed-income securities. Issuers of below investment-grade fixed-income securities are more likely to encounter and be materially affected by financial difficulties that may cause the issuer to default or otherwise become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security. Rising interest rates may compound such difficulties and reduce an issuer’s ability to repay principal and interest. If an issuer defaults, a below investment-grade fixed-income security could lose all of its value, be renegotiated at a lower interest rate or principal amount or become illiquid. Below investment-grade fixed-income securities may be less liquid and more volatile than investment-grade fixed-income securities and may be more difficult to value or sell. Furthermore, securities rated below investment-grade frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from the Fund before it matures. If the issuer redeems the bonds, the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in bonds with lower yields and may lose income.
Value Investment Risk. The determination that a stock is undervalued is subjective, the market may not agree and the stock’s price may not rise to what the Adviser believes is its full value. The value of the Fund’s shares may decline, even if stock prices generally are rising because value stocks may fall out of favor with the market or react differently to market, political and economic developments.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in U.S. Government securities which may be backed by the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the full faith and credit of the U.S., and may include U.S. Treasury bills, Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, notes and bonds. These securities are guaranteed only as to
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DETAILS REGARDING PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. The market prices for such securities are not guaranteed and will fluctuate. Not all U.S. Government obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Department of the Treasury. Certain U.S. Government agency securities are backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Department of the Treasury, or are supported only by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality, and subject to greater risk of default by the issuer. In addition, because many types of U.S. Government obligations trade actively outside the United States, their prices may rise and fall as changes in global economic conditions affect the demand for these securities.
Inflation-Indexed Security Risk. Interest payments on inflation-indexed securities, such as Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities, can be unpredictable and will vary as the principal and/or interest is periodically adjusted based on the rate of inflation. If the index measuring inflation falls, the interest payable on these securities will be reduced. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed security will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity. As a result, the Fund may be required to make annual distributions to shareholders that exceed the cash the Fund received, which may cause the Fund to liquidate certain investments when it is not advantageous to do so. Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed security is adjusted downward due to deflation, amounts previously distributed may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital. There can be no assurance that the inflation index used (such as the Consumer Price Index) will accurately measure the price increase of a certain good or service.
Convertible Securities Risk. Investments in convertible securities entail some of the risks of both equity and debt securities. The value of convertible securities tends to decline as interest rates rise and, because of the conversion feature, tends to vary with the fluctuations in the market value of the underlying securities or changes in the issuer’s credit rating. Convertible securities often display a degree of market price volatility that is comparable to common stocks and are also subject to additional risks, including risk of default on interest or principal payments, which could result in a loss of income from or a decline in value of the securities. Convertible securities are subject to the risk that the credit rating of the issuer may have an effect on the convertible securities’ investment value.
Exchange-Traded Funds Risk. The risks of investments in ETF securities typically reflect the risks of the types of instruments in which the ETF invests. When the Fund invests in ETFs, shareholders of the Fund bear their proportionate share of the ETF’s fees and expenses, as well as their share of the Fund’s fees and expenses. As a result, an investment by the Fund in an ETF could cause the Fund’s operating expenses to be higher and, in turn, performance to be lower than if it were to invest directly in the instruments underlying the ETF. Because ETF shares are listed and traded on national stock exchanges, they may trade at a discount or premium to their NAV. Investments in ETFs are subject to brokerage and other trading costs, which could result in greater expenses to the Fund. An actively managed ETF’s performance will reflect its adviser's ability to make investment decisions that are suited to achieving the ETF’s investment objectives. A passively managed ETF may not replicate the performance of the index it intends to track because of, for example, the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weighting of securities or the number of stocks held. The trading in an
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DETAILS REGARDING PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
ETF may be halted if the trading in one or more of the ETF’s underlying securities is halted. Finally, because the value of ETF shares depends in part on the demand for them in the market, the Fund may not be able to liquidate an ETF position at the NAV of the ETF, adversely affecting the Fund's performance.
Fixed-Income Securities Risk. The value of fixed-income (debt) securities depends generally on an issuer’s credit rating and the interest rate of the security. Fixed-income securities are generally subject to the following risks:
Credit Risk. The financial condition or perceived financial condition of an issuer of a fixed-income security may cause the issuer to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security. If an issuer defaults, a fixed-income security could lose all of its value, be renegotiated at a lower interest rate or principal amount or become illiquid. Generally, investment risk and price volatility increase as a fixed-income security’s credit rating declines, which can cause the price of fixed-income securities to go down.
Extension Risk. If interest rates rise, repayments of principal on certain fixed-income securities may occur at a slower-than-expected rate and, as a result, the expected maturity of such securities could lengthen which could cause their value to decline.
Interest Rate Risk. The value of fixed-income securities may decline due to changes in prevailing interest rates. An increase in interest rates typically causes a decrease in the value of fixed-income securities in which the Fund may invest. Fixed-income securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates, generally making them more volatile than fixed-income securities with shorter durations. The Fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the recent period of historically low rates. The longer the duration of the Fund’s debt securities, the more sensitive the Fund will be to interest rate changes. Given that interest rates have been near historic lows, risks associated with rising rates may be heightened.
Prepayment Risk. Fixed-income securities may be subject to unanticipated prepayment, shortening the effective maturity of the security. As a result, prepayments may reduce the return on investment and cause increased price volatility in fixed-income securities. Such prepayments often occur during periods of declining interest rates, and may cause the Fund to reinvest its assets in lower yielding securities.
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in a variety of mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities, which are subject to the fixed-income securities risks described above, including credit risk, extension risk and pre-payment risk. Credit risk is the risk that the financial condition of an issuer of a mortgage-related or other asset-backed securities may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security. Fixed rate mortgage-related and asset-backed securities are also subject to extension risk. Generally, rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of these securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, a Fund that holds
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DETAILS REGARDING PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
mortgage-related or asset-backed securities may be more volatile. Adjustable and fixed rate mortgage-related and asset-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk. When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their debts, including mortgages, sooner than expected. This can reduce the returns of a Fund if the Fund reinvests that money at the lower prevailing interest rates.
Selling Covered Call Options Risk. The Fund may sell covered call options. When this occurs, the Fund receives a premium for selling a call option; however, the price the Fund realizes from the sale of the stock upon exercise of the option will be below and could be substantially below the prevailing market price of the stock. The purchaser of the covered call option may exercise the call at any time during the option period (the time between when the call is sold and when it expires). When a call option which the Fund has written is exercised, the Fund may deliver the security upon which the call is written. Under such circumstances, the Fund would deliver a security out of its portfolio and may replace it, or purchase the same security on the open market for delivery. Under either scenario the Fund would face increased transaction costs because of its purchase of called securities, either for delivery to the party exercising the call option or for holding in its portfolio. In addition, selling options generates gains, which are largely short-term capital gains and distributed to shareholders as dividends.
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MANAGEMENT
The Payson Total Return Fund (the “Fund”) is a series of Forum Funds (the “Trust”), an open-end, management investment company (mutual fund). The Board of Trustees (the “Board”) oversees the management of the Fund and meets periodically to review the Fund’s performance, monitor investment activities and practices and discuss other matters affecting the Fund.
Additional information regarding the Board and the Trust’s executive officers may be found in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”), which is available on the Adviser’s website at www. hmpayson.com.
Investment Adviser
The Fund’s investment adviser is H.M. Payson & Co. (the “Adviser”), P.O. Box 31, Portland, Maine 04112. The Adviser is a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and has provided investment advisory and management services to clients since 1987. As of June 30, 2022, the Adviser had over $5.596 billion of assets under management.
Subject to the general oversight of the Board, the Adviser makes investment decisions for the Fund pursuant to an investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and the Trust, on behalf of the Fund (the “Advisory Agreement”). The Adviser receives an advisory fee from the Fund at an annual rate equal to 0.60% of the Fund’s average annual daily net assets under the terms of the Advisory Agreement.
A discussion summarizing the basis on which the Board last approved the Advisory Agreement will be included in the Fund’s semi-annual report for the period ended September 30, 2022.
Portfolio Managers
The Fund is managed by Peter E. Robbins and William N. Weickert who are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio.
Peter E. Robbins has been a Managing Director, Director of Research, Chief Investment Officer, and Chief Executive Officer of the Adviser during the past eleven years.
William N. Weickert has been Managing Director, Director of Research, Director of Portfolio Management, and Secretary of the Adviser during the past eleven years.
The SAI provides additional information about the compensation of the portfolio managers, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the ownership of Fund shares by the portfolio managers.
Other Service Providers
Atlantic Fund Administration, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex US Holdings LLC (d/b/a Apex Fund Services) (“Apex”), provides fund accounting, fund administration, and compliance services to the Fund and the Trust and supplies certain officers of the Trust, including a Principal Executive Officer, a Principal Financial Officer, a Chief Compliance Officer, an Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer and additional
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MANAGEMENT
compliance support personnel. Atlantic Shareholder Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Apex, provides transfer agency services to the Fund and the Trust.
Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”), the Trust’s principal underwriter, acts as the Trust’s distributor in connection with the offering of Fund shares. The Distributor may enter into arrangements with banks, broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries through which investors may purchase or redeem shares. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Adviser or with Apex or their affiliates.
Fund Expenses
The Fund is charged for those expenses that are directly attributable to it, while other expenses are allocated proportionately among the Fund and other series of the Trust based upon methods approved by the Board. The Adviser or other service providers may waive all or any portion of their fees and may reimburse certain expenses of the Fund. Service provider waivers may be different in dollar and percentage amount for different classes of the Fund, as applicable, may be voluntary, and do not affect the Adviser’s contractual waiver. Any agreement to waive fees or to reimburse expenses increases the investment performance of the Fund for the period during which the waiver or reimbursement is in effect.
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How to Contact the Fund
E-mail the Fund at:
hmpayson.ta@apexfs.com
Website Address:
www.hmpayson.com
Telephone the Fund at:
(800) 805-8258 (toll free)
Fax the Fund at:
(207) 347-2195
Write the Fund:
Payson Total Return Fund
P.O. Box 588
Portland, Maine 04112
Overnight Address:
Payson
Total Return Fund
c/o Apex Fund Services
Three Canal Plaza, Ground
Floor
Portland, Maine 04101
Wire investments (or ACH payments):
Please contact the transfer agent at (800) 805-8258 (toll free) to obtain the ABA routing number and account number for the Fund.
General Information
You may purchase or sell (redeem) shares of the Fund on any day that the NYSE is open for business. Notwithstanding this fact, the Fund may, only in the case of an emergency, calculate its NAV and accept and process shareholder orders when the NYSE is closed.
You may purchase or sell shares of the Fund at the next NAV calculated (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) after the transfer agent or your approved broker-dealer or other financial intermediary receives your request in good order. “Good order” means that you have provided sufficient information necessary to process your request as outlined in this Prospectus, including any required signatures, documents, payment and Medallion Signature Guarantees. All requests to purchase or sell Fund shares received in good order prior to the Fund’s close will receive that day’s NAV. Requests received in good order after the Fund’s close or on a day when the Fund does not value its shares will be processed on the next business day and will be priced at the next NAV. The Fund cannot accept orders that request a particular day or price for the transaction or any other special conditions.
Shares of the Fund will only be issued against full payment, as described more fully in this Prospectus and the SAI. The Fund does not issue share certificates.
If you purchase shares directly from the Fund, you will receive a confirmation of each transaction and quarterly statements detailing Fund balances and all transactions completed during the prior quarter. Automatic reinvestments of distributions and systematic investments and withdrawals may be confirmed only by quarterly statement. You should verify the accuracy of all transactions in your account as soon as you receive your confirmations and quarterly statements.
The Fund may temporarily suspend or discontinue any service or privilege, including systematic investments and withdrawals, wire redemption privileges and telephone or internet redemption privileges, if applicable. The Fund reserves the right to refuse any purchase request, including, but not limited to, requests that could adversely affect the Fund or its operations. If the Fund were to refuse any purchase request, it would notify the purchaser within two business days of receiving a purchase request in good order.
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If your account is deemed abandoned or unclaimed by applicable state law, the Fund may be required to “escheat” or transfer the property to the appropriate state’s unclaimed property administration. Certain states have laws that allow shareholders to name a representative to receive notice of abandoned property (“escheatment”) by submitting a designation form, which generally can be found on the official state website. In such states, if a shareholder designates a representative to receive escheatment notices, any notice generally will be delivered as required by the state’s laws. A completed designation form should be mailed to the Fund (if shares are held directly with the Fund) or to the shareholder’s financial intermediary. Shareholders should check their state’s official website to get more information on escheatment law(s).
NAV Determination. The NAV of the Fund is determined by taking the value of the assets of the Fund, subtracting the value of the liabilities of the Fund and then dividing the result (net assets) by the number of outstanding shares of the Fund. The Fund calculates its NAV as of the close of trading on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time). The NYSE is open every weekday other than NYSE holidays and early closings, which are published at www.nyse.com and subject to change without notice.
To the extent that the Fund’s portfolio investments trade in markets on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its shares, the net asset value of the Fund’s shares may change on those days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem the Fund’s shares. In addition, trading in certain portfolio investments may not occur on days when the Fund is open for business, as markets or exchanges other than the NYSE may be closed.
The Fund values securities at current market value, where market quotations are available, using the last reported sales price or the official closing price, as provided by independent pricing services. In the absence of sales, securities are valued at the mean of the last bid and asked prices. Non-exchange traded investment companies are valued at their NAVs. Certain short-term securities may be valued at amortized cost.
If market quotations are not readily available or the Fund reasonably believes that they are unreliable, the Fund will seek to value such securities at fair value, as determined in good faith using procedures approved by the Board. The Board has delegated day-to-day responsibility for fair valuation determinations in accordance with these procedures to a Valuation Committee. The Valuation Committee makes such determinations under the supervision of the Board. Fair valuation may be based on subjective factors. As a result, the fair value price of a security may differ from that security’s market price and may not be the price at which the security may be sold. Fair valuation could result in a different NAV than a NAV determined by using market quotations.
Although the Fund generally prices its foreign securities using their closing prices from the foreign markets where they trade (typically prior to the Fund’s calculation of its NAV), these prices may be affected by events that occur after the close of the foreign market but before the Fund prices its shares. As a result, the Fund’s investments in foreign securities are more likely to require a fair value determination than investments in domestic securities. In determining fair value prices of foreign securities, the Fund may consider the
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performance of securities on their primary exchanges, foreign currency appreciation or depreciation, securities market movements in the U.S. and other relevant information as related to the securities.
Securities of smaller companies are more likely to require a fair value determination because they may be thinly traded and less liquid than securities of larger companies.
Transactions Through Financial Intermediaries. The Fund has authorized certain financial services companies, broker-dealers, banks and other agents, including the designees of such entities (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), to accept purchase and redemption orders on the Fund’s behalf. If you invest through a financial intermediary, the policies and fees of the financial intermediary may be different from the policies and fees you would be subject to if you had invested directly in the Fund. Among other things, financial intermediaries may charge transaction fees and may set different minimum investment restrictions or limitations on buying or selling Fund shares. You should consult your broker or another representative of your financial intermediary for more information.
The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when a financial intermediary that is an agent of the Fund for the purpose of accepting orders receives the order. All orders to purchase or sell shares are processed as of the next NAV calculated after the order has been received in good order by a financial intermediary. Orders are accepted until the close of trading on the NYSE every business day (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) and are processed, including by financial intermediaries, at that day’s NAV.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. The Fund, at its own expense, may pay additional compensation to financial intermediaries for shareholder-related services, including administrative, recordkeeping and shareholder communication services. In addition, pursuant to any applicable Rule 12b-1 plan, the Fund may pay compensation to financial intermediaries for distribution-related services. For example, compensation may be paid to make Fund shares available to sales representatives and/or customers of a fund supermarket platform or a similar program sponsor or for services provided in connection with such fund supermarket platforms and programs. To the extent that the Fund pays all or a portion of such compensation, the payment is designed to compensate the financial intermediary for distribution activities or for providing services that would otherwise be provided by the Fund’s transfer agent and/or administrator.
The Adviser or another Fund affiliate, out of its own resources and not as an expense of the Fund, may provide additional compensation to financial intermediaries. Such compensation is sometimes referred to as “revenue sharing.” Compensation received by a financial intermediary from the Adviser or another Fund affiliate may include payments for shareholder servicing, marketing and/or training expenses incurred by the financial intermediary, including expenses incurred by the financial intermediary in educating its salespersons with respect to Fund shares. For example, such compensation may include reimbursements for expenses incurred in attending educational seminars regarding the Fund, including travel and lodging expenses. It may also cover costs incurred by financial intermediaries in connection with their efforts to
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sell Fund shares, including costs incurred in compensating registered sales representatives and preparing, printing and distributing sales literature.
The amount of compensation paid to different financial intermediaries may vary. The compensation paid to a financial intermediary may be based on a variety of factors, including average assets under management in accounts distributed and/or serviced by the financial intermediary, gross sales by the financial intermediary and/or the number of accounts serviced by the financial intermediary that invest in the Fund.
Any compensation received by a financial intermediary, whether from the Fund, the Adviser or another affiliate, and the prospect of receiving such compensation, may provide the financial intermediary with an incentive to recommend the shares of the Fund over other potential investments. Similarly, the compensation may cause financial intermediaries to elevate the prominence of the Fund within its organization by, for example, placing it on a list of preferred funds.
Anti-Money Laundering Program. Customer identification and verification are part of the Fund’s overall obligation to deter money laundering under federal law. The Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering Program is designed to prevent the Fund from being used for money laundering or the financing of terrorist activities. In this regard, the Fund reserves the right, to the extent permitted by law, (1) to refuse, cancel or rescind any purchase order or (2) to freeze any account and/or suspend account services. These actions will be taken when, at the sole discretion of Trust management, they are deemed to be in the best interest of the Fund or in cases when the Fund is requested or compelled to do so by governmental or law enforcement authorities or applicable law. If your account is closed at the request of governmental or law enforcement authorities, you may not receive proceeds of the redemption if the Fund is required to withhold such proceeds.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings. A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio securities is available in the Fund’s SAI, which is available on the Adviser’s website at www.hmpayson.com.
Buying Shares
How to Make Payments. Unless purchased through a financial intermediary, all investments must be made by check, Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) or wire. All checks must be payable in U.S. dollars and drawn on U.S. financial institutions. In the absence of the granting of an exception consistent with the Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering Program, the Fund does not accept purchases made by credit card check, starter check, checks with more than one endorsement (unless the check is payable to all endorsees), cash or cash equivalents (for instance, you may not pay by money order, cashier’s check, bank draft or traveler’s check). The Fund and the Adviser also reserve the right to accept in kind contributions of securities in exchange for shares of the Fund.
Checks. Checks must be made payable to “Payson Total Return Fund”. For individual, sole proprietorship, joint, Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (“UGMA”) and Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (“UTMA”) accounts,
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checks may be made payable to one or more owners of the account and endorsed to “Payson Total Return Fund”. A $20 charge may be imposed on any returned checks.
ACH. The Automated Clearing House system maintained by the Federal Reserve Bank allows banks to process checks, transfer funds and perform other tasks. Your U.S. financial institution may charge you a fee for this service.
Wires. You may instruct the U.S. financial institution with which you have an account to make a federal funds wire payment to the Fund. Your U.S. financial institution may charge you a fee for this service.
Minimum Investments. The Fund accepts investments in the following minimum amounts:
Minimum Initial Investment |
Minimum Additional Investment | |
Standard Accounts | $2,000 | $250 |
Retirement Accounts | $1,000 | $250 |
The Fund reserves the right to waive minimum investment amounts, if deemed appropriate by an officer of the Trust.
Registered investment advisers and financial planners may be permitted to aggregate the value of accounts in order to meet minimum investment amounts.
Account Requirements. The following table describes the requirements to establish certain types of accounts in the Fund.
Type of Account | Requirement |
Individual, Sole Proprietorship and Joint Accounts ● Individual accounts and sole proprietorship accounts are owned by one person. Joint accounts have two or more owners (tenants). |
● Instructions must be signed by all persons named as account owners exactly as their names appear on the account.
|
Gifts or Transfers to a Minor (UGMA, UTMA) ● These custodial accounts are owned by a minor child but controlled by an adult custodian. |
● Depending on state laws, you may set up a custodial account under the UGMA or the UTMA. ● The custodian must sign instructions in a manner indicating custodial capacity. |
Corporations/Other Entities ● These accounts are owned by the entity, but control is exercised by its officers, partners or other management. |
● The entity should submit a certified copy of its articles of incorporation (or a government-issued business license or other document that reflects the existence of the entity) and a corporate resolution or a secretary’s certificate. |
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Trusts ● These accounts are controlled by a trustee as a way to convey and control assets for the benefit of a third-party owner. |
● The trust must be established before an account may be opened. ● The trust should provide the first and signature pages from the trust document identifying the trustees. |
Account Application and Customer Identity Verification. To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person who opens an account.
When you open an account, the Fund will ask for your first and last name, U.S. taxpayer identification number (“TIN”), physical street address, date of birth and other information or documents that will allow the Fund to identify you. If you do not supply the required information, the Fund will attempt to contact you or, if applicable, your financial adviser. If the Fund cannot obtain the required information within a timeframe established in its sole discretion, your application will be rejected.
When your application is in good order and includes all required information, your order will normally be processed at the NAV next calculated after receipt of your application and investment amount. The Fund will attempt to verify your identity using the information that you have supplied and other information about you that is available from third parties, including information available in public and private databases, such as consumer reports from credit reporting agencies.
The Fund will try to verify your identity within a timeframe established in its sole discretion. If the Fund cannot do so, the Fund reserves the right to redeem your investment at the next NAV calculated after the Fund decides to close your account. If your account is closed, you may realize a gain or loss on the Fund shares in the account. You will be responsible for any related taxes and will not be able to recoup any redemption fees assessed, if applicable.
Policy on Prohibition of Foreign Shareholders. The Fund requires that all shareholders be U.S. persons or U.S. resident aliens with a valid TIN (or show proof of having applied for a TIN and commit to provide a valid TIN within 60 days) in order to open an account with the Fund.
Investment Procedures. The following table describes the procedures for investing in the Fund.
How to Open an Account |
How to Add to Your Account |
Through a Financial Intermediary ● Contact your financial intermediary using the method that is most convenient for you. |
Through a Financial Intermediary ● Contact your financial intermediary using the method that is most convenient for you. |
By Check | By Check |
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How to Open an Account |
How to Add to Your Account |
● Call, write or e-mail the Fund or visit the Fund’s website for an account application. ● Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable). ● Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable) and a check. |
● Fill out an investment slip from a confirmation or write the Fund a letter. ● Write your account number on your check. ● Mail the Fund the investment slip or your letter and the check. |
By Wire
● Call, write or e-mail the Fund or visit the Fund’s website for an account application. ● Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable). ● Call the Fund to notify the transfer agent that you are faxing your completed application (and other required documents, if applicable). The transfer agent will assign you an account number. ● Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable). ● Instruct your U.S. financial institution to wire money to the Fund. |
By Wire
● Instruct your U.S. financial institution to wire money to the Fund.
|
By ACH Payment
● Call, write or e-mail the Fund or visit the Fund’s website for an account application. ● Complete the application (and other required documents, if applicable). ● Call the Fund to notify the transfer agent that you are faxing your completed application (and other required documents, if applicable). The transfer agent will assign you an account number. ● Mail the Fund your original application (and other required documents, if applicable). ● The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. ● ACH purchases are limited to $25,000 per day. |
By ACH Payment
● Call the Fund to request a purchase by ACH payment. ● The transfer agent will electronically debit your purchase proceeds from the U.S. financial institution account identified on your account application. ● ACH purchases are limited to $25,000 per day. |
Systematic Investments. You may establish a systematic investment plan to automatically invest a specific amount of money (up to $25,000 per day) into your account on a specified day and frequency not to exceed two investments per month. Payments for systematic investments are automatically debited from your designated savings or checking account via ACH. Systematic investments must be for at least $250 per occurrence. If you wish to enroll in a systematic investment plan, complete the appropriate section on the account application. Your signed account application must be received at least three business days prior to the initial transaction. The Fund may terminate or modify this privilege at any time. You may terminate your participation in a systematic investment plan by notifying the Fund at least two days in advance of the next withdrawal, which generally means up to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, on the date of the scheduled withdrawal if notified by phone, or two business days inadvance of the withdrawal date if notified in writing.
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A systematic investment plan is a method of using dollar cost averaging as an investment strategy that involves investing a fixed amount of money at regular time intervals. However, a program of regular investment cannot ensure a profit or protect against a loss as a result of declining markets. By continually investing the same amount, you will be purchasing more shares when the price is lower and fewer shares when the price is higher. Please call (800) 805-8258 (toll free) for additional information regarding systematic investment plans.
Frequent Trading. Frequent trading by a Fund shareholder may pose risks to other shareholders in the Fund, including (1) the dilution of the Fund’s NAV, (2) an increase in the Fund’s expenses, and (3) interference with the portfolio manager’s ability to execute efficient investment strategies. Because the Fund invests primarily in equity securities of domestic companies, bonds and cash, its portfolio generally has not been attractive to frequent traders or susceptible to market timing. Accordingly, the Board has not adopted a policy to monitor for frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares.
Canceled or Failed Payments. The Fund accepts checks and ACH payments at full value subject to collection. If the Fund does not receive your payment for shares or you pay with a check or ACH payment that does not clear, your purchase will be canceled within two business days of notification from your bank that your funds did not clear. You will be responsible for any actual losses and expenses incurred by the Fund or the transfer agent. The Fund and its agents have the right to reject or cancel any purchase request due to non-payment.
Selling Shares
Redemption orders received in good order will be processed at the next calculated NAV. The Fund typically expects to pay shareholder redemption requests, including during stressed market conditions, within one business day of receipt of the request in good order and may seek to meet such redemption requests through one or more of the following methods: sales of portfolio assets, use of cash or cash equivalents held in the Fund’s portfolio, and/or redemptions in kind, as permitted by applicable rules and regulations. The right of redemption may not be suspended for more than seven days after the tender of Fund shares, except for any period during which (1) the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings) or the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) determines that trading thereon is restricted, (2) an emergency (as determined by the SEC) exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of its securities is not reasonably practicable or as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to determine fairly the value of its net assets, or (3) the SEC has entered a suspension order for the protection of the shareholders of the Fund.
The Fund will not issue shares until payment is received. If redemption is sought for shares for which payment has not been received, the Fund will delay sending redemption proceeds until payment is received, which may be up to 15 calendar days.
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How to Sell Shares from Your Account
Through a Financial Intermediary
● | If you purchased shares through your financial intermediary, your redemption order must be placed through the same financial intermediary. |
By Mail
● | Prepare a written request including: |
● your name(s) and signature(s);
● your account number;
● the Fund name;
● the dollar amount or number of shares you want to sell;
● how and where to send the redemption proceeds;
● a Medallion Signature Guarantee (if required); and
● other documentation (if required).
● | Mail the Fund your request and documentation. |
By Telephone
● | Call the Fund with your request, unless you declined telephone redemption privileges on your account application. |
● | Provide the following information: |
● your account number;
● the exact name(s) in which the account is registered; and
● an additional form of identification.
● | Redemption proceeds will be mailed to you by check or electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. |
By Systematic Withdrawal
● | Complete the systematic withdrawal section of the application. |
● | Attach a voided check to your application. |
● | Mail the completed application to the Fund. |
● | Redemption proceeds will be mailed to you by check or electronically credited to your account at the U.S. financial institution identified on your account application. |
Wire Redemption Privileges. You may redeem your shares with proceeds payable by wire unless you declined wire redemption privileges on your account application. The minimum amount that may be redeemed by wire is $5,000.
Telephone Redemption Privileges. You may redeem your shares by telephone, unless you declined telephone redemption privileges on your account application. You may be responsible for an unauthorized telephone redemption order as long as the transfer agent takes reasonable measures to verify that the order is genuine. Telephone redemption orders may be difficult to complete during periods of significant economic or market activity. If you are not able to reach the Fund by telephone, you may mail us your redemption order.
Systematic Withdrawals. You may establish a systematic withdrawal plan to automatically redeem a specific amount of money or shares from your account on a specified day and frequency not to exceed one withdrawal per month. Payments for systematic withdrawals are sent by check to your address of
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record, or if you so designate, to your bank account by ACH payment. To establish a systematic withdrawal plan, complete the systematic withdrawal section of the account application. The plan may be terminated or modified by a shareholder or the Fund at any time without charge or penalty. You may terminate your participation in a systematic withdrawal plan at any time by contacting the Fund sufficiently in advance of the next withdrawal, which generally means up to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, on the date of the scheduled withdrawal if notified by phone, or two business days in advance of the withdrawal date if notified in writing.
A withdrawal under a systematic withdrawal plan involves a redemption of Fund shares and may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. Please call (800) 805-8258 (toll free) for additional information regarding systematic withdrawal plans.
Signature Guarantee Requirements. To protect you and the Fund against fraud, signatures on certain requests must have a Medallion Signature Guarantee. A Medallion Signature Guarantee verifies the authenticity of your signature. You may obtain a Medallion Signature Guarantee from most banking institutions or securities brokers but not from a notary public. Written instructions signed by all registered shareholders with a Medallion Signature Guarantee for each shareholder are required for any of the following:
● | written requests to redeem $100,000 or more; |
● | changes to a shareholder’s record name or account registration; |
● | paying redemption proceeds from an account for which the address has changed within the last 30 days; |
● | sending redemption and distribution proceeds to any person, address or financial institution account not on record; |
● | sending redemption and distribution proceeds to an account with a different registration (name or ownership) from your account; and |
● | adding or changing ACH or wire instructions, the telephone redemption or any other election in connection with your account. |
The Fund reserves the right to require Medallion Signature Guarantees on all redemptions.
Small Account Balances. If the value of your account falls below the minimum account balances in the following table, the Fund may ask you to increase your balance. If the account value is still below the minimum balance after 60 days, the Fund may close your account and send you the proceeds. The Fund will not close your account if it falls below these amounts solely as a result of Fund performance.
Minimum Account Balance | |
Standard Accounts | $1,000 |
Retirement Accounts | $500 |
Redemptions in Kind. Redemption proceeds normally are paid in cash. Consistent with an election filed with the SEC, under certain circumstances, the Fund may pay redemption proceeds in portfolio securities rather than in cash pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board. However, if the Fund redeems shares in this
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manner, the shareholder assumes the risk of, among other things, a subsequent change in the market value of those securities and the costs of liquidating the securities (such as brokerage costs and taxable gains). In kind redemptions may be satisfied using illiquid securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, in which case the shareholder will assume the risks associated with such illiquid securities, including the possibility of a lack of a liquid market for those securities. In kind redemptions may take the form of a pro rata portion of the Fund’s portfolio, individual securities, or a representative basket of securities. Please see the SAI for more details on redemptions in kind.
Lost Accounts. The transfer agent will consider your account lost if correspondence to your address of record is returned as undeliverable on two consecutive occasions, unless the transfer agent determines your new address. When an account is lost, all distributions on the account will be reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. In addition, the amount of any outstanding check (unpaid for six months or more) and checks that have been returned to the transfer agent may be reinvested at the current NAV, and the checks will be canceled. However, checks will not be reinvested into accounts with a zero balance but will be held in a different account. Any of your unclaimed property may be transferred to the state of your last known address if no activity occurs in your account within the time period specified by that state’s law.
Retirement Accounts
You may invest in shares of the Fund through an IRA, including traditional and Roth IRAs, also known as a “Qualified Retirement Account.” The Fund may also be appropriate for other retirement plans, such as 401(k) plans. Before investing in an IRA or other retirement account, you should consult your tax advisor. Whenever making an investment in an IRA or certain retirement plans, be sure to indicate the year to which the contribution is attributed.
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OTHER INFORMATION
Distributions and Reinvestments. The Fund declares dividends from net investment income and pays them quarterly. Any net capital gains and net foreign currency gains realized by the Fund are distributed at least annually.
Most investors typically have their income dividends and other distributions (each, a “distribution”) paid by the Fund reinvested in additional shares Fund. If you choose this option, or if you do not indicate any choice, your distributions will be reinvested. Alternatively, you may choose to have your distributions of $10 or more sent directly to your bank account or paid to you by check. However, if a distribution is less than $10, your proceeds will be reinvested. If five or more of your distribution checks remain uncashed after 180 days, all subsequent distributions may be reinvested. For federal income tax purposes, distributions to shareholders (other than qualified retirement plans and accounts and other tax-exempt investors) are taxable and are treated the same whether they are received in cash or reinvested.
Taxes. The Fund intends to operate in a manner such that it will continue to qualify for treatment as a “regulated investment company” under Subchapter M of Chapter 1, Subtitle A, of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and will not be liable for federal income or excise taxes on net income and net realized gains that it distributes.
The Fund’s distributions of net investment income, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss, and certain net foreign currency gains are taxable to you as ordinary income, except as noted below. The Fund’s distributions of net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), if any, are taxable to you as long-term capital gain, regardless of how long you have held your shares. Distributions may also be subject to state and local income taxes. Some Fund distributions may also include a nontaxable so-called “return of capital,” which will reduce your tax basis in your Fund shares and is treated as gain from the sale of the shares to the extent that it exceeds your basis.
The Fund’s dividends attributable to its “qualified dividend income” (i.e., dividends received on stock of most domestic and certain foreign corporations with respect to which the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other restrictions) generally will be subject to federal income tax for individual and certain other non-corporate shareholders (each, an “individual shareholder”) who satisfy those restrictions with respect to their Fund shares at the rates for net capital gain - a maximum of 15% for non-corporate shareholders with taxable income not exceeding certain thresholds (which will be adjusted for inflation annually) and 20% for non-corporate shareholders with taxable income exceeding such thresholds. A portion of the Fund’s dividends also may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations; the eligible portion may not exceed the aggregate dividends the Fund receives from domestic corporations subject to federal income tax (thus excluding, among others, real estate investment trusts) and excludes dividends from foreign corporations, subject to similar restrictions. Tax laws and rates may change over time. Please consult a tax professional for more information.
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OTHER INFORMATION
Generally, Fund distributions are taxable to you in the year you receive them. However, any distributions that are declared in October, November or December to shareholders of record in such a month but paid in January generally are taxable as if received on December 31.
A distribution reduces the NAV of the Fund’s shares by the amount of the distribution. If you purchase shares prior to a distribution, you are taxed on the full amount of the distribution even though it represents a partial return of your investment.
A sale (redemption) of Fund shares is a taxable event for federal income tax purposes. You will recognize a gain or loss on the transaction equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of your net redemption proceeds and your tax basis in the redeemed Fund shares. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if you held the Fund shares as capital assets. Any capital gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you held the Fund shares for more than one year at the time of the redemption, and any such gain will be taxed to individual shareholders at the 15% or 20% maximum federal income tax rates mentioned above. Any capital loss arising from a redemption of Fund shares held for six months or less, however, will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of net capital gain distributions received with respect to those shares.
Withholding Tax. If an individual shareholder fails to certify that the TIN furnished to the Fund is correct or furnishes an incorrect number, the Fund must withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury Department 24% of dividends, capital gain distributions, and redemption proceeds (regardless of whether the shareholder realizes a gain or loss) otherwise payable to the shareholder (together with the withholding described in the next sentence, “backup withholding”). Withholding at that rate also is required from the Fund’s dividends and capital gain distributions otherwise payable to such a shareholder who is subject to backup withholding for any other reason. Backup withholding is not an additional tax, and any amounts so withheld may be credited against a shareholder’s federal income tax liability or refunded.
A Fund shareholder who wants to use the average basis method for determining basis in Fund shares that he or she acquired or acquires after December 31, 2011 (“Covered Shares”) must elect to do so in writing (which may be electronic). If a Fund shareholder fails to affirmatively elect the average basis method, the basis determination will be made in accordance with the Fund’s default method, which is first-in first-out. If, however, a Fund shareholder wishes to use a different method accepted by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for basis determination (e.g., a specific identification method), the shareholder may elect to do so. The basis determination method that a Fund shareholder elects may not be changed with respect to a redemption of Covered Shares after the settlement date of the redemption.
In addition to the requirement to report the gross proceeds from a redemption of shares, the Fund (or its administrative agent) must report to the IRS and furnish to its shareholders the basis information for Covered Shares and indicate whether they had a short-term (one year or less) or long-term (more than one year) holding period. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best IRS-
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OTHER INFORMATION
accepted basis determination method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the basis reporting law applies to them.
An individual shareholder whose “modified adjusted gross income” exceeds a threshold amount ($250,000 for married persons filing jointly and $200,000 for single taxpayers) (“Excess”) is required to pay a 3.8% federal tax on the lesser of (1) the Excess or (2) the individual shareholder’s “net investment income,” which generally includes dividends, interest, and net gains from the disposition of investment property (including distributions the Fund pays and net gains realized on a redemption of Fund shares). This tax is in addition to any other taxes due on that income. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, this provision may have on their investment in Fund shares.
After December 31 of each year, the Fund will mail to its shareholders reports containing information about the federal income tax status of distributions paid during the year. For further information about the tax effects of investing in the Fund, please see the SAI and consult your tax advisor.
Organization. The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust, and the Fund is a series thereof. The Fund does not expect to hold shareholders’ meetings unless required by federal or Delaware law. Shareholders of each series of the Trust are entitled to vote at shareholders’ meetings unless a matter relates only to a specific series (such as the approval of an advisory agreement for the Fund). From time to time, large shareholders may control the Fund or the Trust.
Additional Information. The Trust enters into contractual arrangements with various parties, including, among others, the Fund’s Adviser, Subadviser(s) (if applicable), custodian, principal underwriter and transfer agent who provide services to the Fund. Shareholders are not parties to any such contractual arrangements or intended beneficiaries of those contractual arrangements, and those contractual arrangements are not intended to create in any shareholder any right to enforce them against the service providers or to seek any remedy under them against the service providers, either directly or on behalf of the Trust.
This Prospectus provides information concerning the Fund that you should consider in determining whether to purchase Fund shares. Neither this Prospectus, the SAI nor any other communication to shareholders is intended, or should be read, to be or give rise to an agreement or contract between the Trust, its trustees or any series of the Trust, including the Fund, and any investor, or to give rise to any rights in any shareholder or other person other than any rights under federal or state law that may not be waived.
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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions.
This information has been audited by BBD, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the annual report dated March 31, 2022, which is available upon request.
For the Years Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | ||||||||||||||||
NET ASSET VALUE, Beginning of Year | $ | 27.20 | $ | 18.17 | $ | 19.37 | $ | 17.76 | $ | 16.14 | ||||||||||
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (a) | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.14 | |||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) | 3.92 | 10.75 | (1.20 | ) | 1.61 | 2.33 | ||||||||||||||
Total from Investment Operations | 4.06 | 10.92 | (1.05 | ) | 1.74 | 2.47 | ||||||||||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS TO SHAREHOLDERS FROM | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income | (0.14 | ) | (0.17 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.12 | ) | ||||||||||
Net realized gain | (3.62 | ) | (1.72 | ) | – | – | (0.73 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total Distributions to Shareholders | (3.76 | ) | (1.89 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.85 | ) | ||||||||||
NET ASSET VALUE, End of Year | $ | 27.50 | $ | 27.20 | $ | 18.17 | $ | 19.37 | $ | 17.76 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN | 14.82 | % | 61.37 | % | (5.48 | )% | 9.83 | % | 15.39 | % | ||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTARY DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net Assets at End of Year (000s omitted) | $ | 222,344 | $ | 170,824 | $ | 104,475 | $ | 108,910 | $ | 95,489 | ||||||||||
Ratios to Average Net Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income | 0.50 | % | 0.72 | % | 0.74 | % | 0.71 | % | 0.82 | % | ||||||||||
Net expenses | 0.82 | % | 0.85 | % | 0.86 | % | 0.89 | % | 0.94 | % | ||||||||||
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER RATE | 87 | % | 64 | % | 25 | % | 27 | % | 38 | % |
(a) | Calculated based on average shares outstanding during each year. |
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