those Authorized
Participants is obligated to engage in creation and/or redemption transactions. The
Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as Authorized
Participants on an
agency basis (i.e., on behalf of
other market participants). To the extent that
Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with
creation or
redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is
able to step forward to create or redeem Creation Units, Fund shares
may
be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to NAV and possibly face
trading halts or
delisting.
Concentration
Risk.
The Fund may be susceptible to an increased risk of loss, including losses
due to adverse events that affect the Fund’s investments more than the market as a
whole, to the extent that the Fund's investments are concentrated in
the
securities and/or other assets of a particular issuer or issuers, country, group
of countries, region,
market, industry, group of industries, project types, group of project
types, sector,
market segment or asset class. The Fund may be more adversely affected by the
underperformance of those securities and/or other assets, may experience
increased price volatility and may be more susceptible to adverse economic, market,
political or regulatory occurrences affecting those securities
and/or other assets than
a fund that does not concentrate its investments.
Cybersecurity
Risk.
The Fund, Authorized
Participants, service providers and the relevant listing
exchange are susceptible to operational, information security and related
“cyber” risks both
directly and through their service providers. Similar types of cybersecurity
risks are also present for issuers of securities in which the Fund invests,
which
could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers and may cause
the
Fund’s investment in such issuers to lose value. In general, cyber incidents can
result from
deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber incidents include, but are
not
limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through
“hacking”
or
malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive
information,
corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyberattacks may also
be
carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such
as causing
denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make
network services unavailable to
intended users). Geopolitical tensions may increase the scale and sophistication of
deliberate attacks, particularly those from nation-states or from entities with
nation-state backing.
Cybersecurity
failures by, or breaches of, the systems of the Fund's adviser, distributor
and
other service providers (including, but not limited to, index and benchmark
providers, fund
accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators), market
makers, Authorized
Participants or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests have the ability
to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in:
financial losses, interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV,
disclosure of
confidential trading information, impediments to trading, submission of
erroneous trades
or erroneous creation or redemption orders, the inability of the Fund
or
its service providers to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and
other laws, regulatory
fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation
costs, or additional compliance costs. In addition, cyberattacks may
render records of
Fund assets and transactions, shareholder ownership of Fund shares,