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Investment Company Act File No. 811-21977

Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Dated December 20, 2023

This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) for Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II (the “Trust”), relating to the series of the Trust listed below (each, a "Fund" and, collectively, the "Funds"), is not a prospectus. The SAI should be read in conjunction with the prospectus (the “Prospectus”) for each Fund dated December 20, 2023, as the Prospectus may be revised from time to time.

Fund	Principal U.S. Listing Exchange	Ticker
Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PWZ
Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PCEF
Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF (formerly, Invesco DWA SmallCap Momentum ETF)	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	DWAS
Invesco ESG NASDAQ 100 ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	QQMG
Invesco ESG NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	QQJG
Invesco ESG S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	RSPE
Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF (formerly, Invesco 1-30 Laddered Treasury ETF)	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	GOVI
Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF (formerly, Invesco VRDO Tax-Free ETF)	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PVI
Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PHB
Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PFIG
Invesco KBW Bank ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	KBWB
Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	KBWD
Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	KBWY
Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	KBWP
Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	KBWR
Invesco MSCI USA ETF (formerly, Invesco PureBetaSM MSCI USA ETF)	Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.	PBUS
Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	QQQM
Invesco Nasdaq Biotechnology ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	IBBQ
Invesco NASDAQ Future Gen 200 ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	QQQS
Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	QQQJ
Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PZA
Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PZT
Invesco PHLX Semiconductor ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	SOXQ
Invesco Preferred ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	PGX
Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	EQAL
Invesco S&P 500 Enhanced Value ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	SPVU
Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	XRLV
Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	SPHB
Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	SPHD
Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	SPLV
Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF	Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.	SPMV
Invesco S&P 500 Momentum ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	SPMO
Invesco S&P 500 QVM Multi-factor ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	QVML
Invesco S&P 500 Revenue ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	RWL
Invesco S&P MidCap 400 QVM Multi-factor ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	QVMM
Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	RWK
Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	XMLV
Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 QVM Multi-factor ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	QVMS
Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	RWJ
Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Discretionary ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCD
Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Staples ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCC
Invesco S&P SmallCap Energy ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCE
Invesco S&P SmallCap Financials ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCF
Invesco S&P SmallCap Health Care ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCH
Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF	Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.	XSHD

Fund	Principal U.S. Listing Exchange	Ticker
Invesco S&P SmallCap Industrials ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCI
Invesco S&P SmallCap Information Technology ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCT
Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	XSLV
Invesco S&P SmallCap Materials ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCM
Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF	Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.	XSHQ
Invesco S&P SmallCap Utilities & Communication Services ETF	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC	PSCU
Invesco S&P Ultra Dividend Revenue ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	RDIV
Invesco Senior Loan ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	BKLN
Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF (formerly, Invesco Treasury Collateral ETF)	NYSE Arca, Inc.	TBLL
Invesco Solar ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	TAN
Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	BAB
Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF	NYSE Arca, Inc.	VRP

Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in a Fund’s Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. A copy of a Fund’s Prospectus may be obtained without charge by writing to the Trust's Distributor, Invesco Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”), 11 Greenway Plaza, Houston, Texas 77046-1173, or by calling toll free 1-800-983-0903. The audited financial statements for each Fund contained in the Trust's 2023 Annual Report and the related report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, are incorporated herein by reference in the section “Financial Statements.” No other portions of the Trust’s Annual Reports are incorporated herein by reference.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUNDS

The Trust was organized as a Massachusetts business trust on October 10, 2006 and is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios. The Trust is an open-end management investment company, registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The Trust currently consists of 83 Funds. This SAI contains information for 57 of the Funds. Each Fund (except as indicated below) is “non-diversified,” and as such, each such Fund’s investments are not required to meet certain diversification requirements under the 1940 Act. The following Funds are classified as “diversified”: Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF, Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Discretionary ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Financials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Health Care ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Industrials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Information Technology ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF and Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF ("Diversified Funds"). In addition, each of Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF, Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Enhanced Value ETF, Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF and Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF is classified as diversified, but may become “non-diversified” solely as a result of a change in relative market capitalization or index weighting of one or more constituents of its Underlying Index, and shareholder approval will not be sought if a Fund crosses from diversified to non-diversified under such circumstances (referred to herein as the “Diversified Funds that may change to Non-Diversified”). The shares of each of the Funds are referred to in this SAI as “Shares.”

The investment objective of each Fund is to seek to track the investment results (before fees and expenses) of its specific benchmark index (each, an “Underlying Index”). Invesco Capital Management LLC (the “Adviser”), an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Invesco Ltd., manages the Funds.

With respect to Invesco Senior Loan ETF and Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF, the Adviser has entered into investment sub-advisory agreements with certain affiliates to serve as investment sub-advisers to the Funds. The affiliated sub-advisers, Invesco Senior Secured Management, Inc. (“Invesco Senior Secured”) and Invesco Advisers, Inc. (“Invesco Advisers,” and together with Invesco Senior Secured, the “Sub-Advisers” with each being a “Sub-Adviser”), are registered as investment advisers under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”). The Sub-Advisers are indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Invesco Ltd.

Each Fund issues and redeems Shares at net asset value (“NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of Shares as set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus (each, a “Creation Unit” or a “Creation Unit Aggregation”).

Each Fund (except as indicated below) generally issues and redeems Creation Units principally in exchange for a basket of securities included in its Underlying Index (the “Deposit Securities”), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”), plus certain transaction fees; however, such Funds also reserve the right to permit or require Creation Units to be issued in exchange for cash. Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF generally issue and redeem Shares at NAV in Creation Unit Aggregations principally for cash, calculated based on the NAV per Share, multiplied by the number of Shares representing a Creation Unit (“Deposit Cash”), plus certain transaction fees; however, such Funds also reserve the right to permit or require Creation Units to be issued in exchange for Deposit Securities together with the deposit of a Cash Component. Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF generally redeems Creation Units principally in exchange for cash.

Each Fund may issue Shares in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain on deposit with the Trust cash at least equal to 105% of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. See the “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations” section. To offset the added brokerage and other transaction costs a Fund incurs with using cash to purchase the requisite Deposit Securities, during each instance of cash creations or redemptions, the Funds may impose transaction fees that will be higher than the transaction fees associated with in-kind creations or redemptions. For more information, see the section below titled “Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations.”

Shares of the following Funds are listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”): Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF, Invesco ESG S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Enhanced Value ETF, Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Momentum ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P 500 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P Ultra Dividend Revenue ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Solar ETF, Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF, Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF and Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF.

Shares of the following Funds are listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”): Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Biotechnology ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Future Gen 200 ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco PHLX Semiconductor ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Discretionary ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Staples ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Energy ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Financials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Health Care ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Industrials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Information Technology ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Materials ETF and Invesco S&P SmallCap Utilities & Communication Services ETF.

Shares of the following Funds are listed on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (“Cboe”) (each such Fund is a “Cboe-listed Fund”): Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF and Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF.

Collectively, Cboe, Nasdaq and NYSE Arca are the “Exchanges” and each is an “Exchange.”

Shares trade on the respective Exchanges at market prices that may be below, at, or above NAV. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, the Trust may decrease the number of Shares in a Creation Unit.

Each of Invesco S&P 500 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF, Invesco Solar ETF and Invesco S&P Ultra Dividend Revenue ETF is successor to a corresponding predecessor fund (each, a “Predecessor Fund” and collectively, the “Predecessor Funds”) as a result of reorganizations that were consummated after the close of business on May 24, 2019 for Invesco S&P 500 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF and Invesco S&P Ultra Dividend Revenue ETF and after close of business on May 18, 2018 for Invesco Solar ETF (each, “a Reorganization” and collectively, “the Reorganizations”).

The following table summarizes the Funds’ name changes during the past five years (as applicable):

Fund	Fund History
Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF	Prior to August 28, 2023, the Fund was known as Invesco DWA SmallCap Momentum ETF.

Fund	Fund History
Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF	Prior to August 28, 2023, the Fund was known as Invesco 1-30 Laddered Treasury ETF.
Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF	Prior to August 28, 2023, the Fund was known as Invesco VRDO Tax-Free ETF. Prior to March 25, 2021, the Fund was known as Invesco VRDO Tax-Free Weekly ETF.
Invesco MSCI USA ETF	Prior to August 28, 2023, the Fund was known as Invesco PureBetaSM MSCI USA ETF.
Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF	Prior to August 28, 2023, the Fund was known as Invesco Treasury Collateral ETF.

EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING

Shares are listed for trading, and trade throughout the day, on their respective Exchanges. There can be no assurance that a Fund will continue to meet the requirements of its Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of its Shares. The Exchanges may, but are not required to, remove the Shares from listing if: (i) following the initial 12-month period beginning at the commencement of trading of a Fund, there are fewer than 50 beneficial owners of Shares (for each Cboe-listed Fund, there must be fewer than 50 beneficial owners for at least 30 consecutive trading days); (ii) the Fund is no longer eligible to operate in reliance on Rule 6c-11 under the 1940 Act; (iii) the Fund fails to meet certain continued listing standards of an Exchange; or (iv) such other event shall occur or condition shall exist that, in the opinion of the relevant Exchange, makes further dealings on such Exchange inadvisable. The applicable Exchange will remove the Shares from listing and trading upon termination of the Fund.

As in the case of other stocks traded on the applicable Exchange, brokers' commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.

The Trust reserves the right to adjust the price levels of the Shares in the future to help maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of a Fund.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

The Funds have adopted as fundamental policies the respective investment restrictions numbered (1) through (15) below, except that restrictions (1) and (2) only apply to the Diversified Funds that may change to Non-Diversified and restrictions (3) and (4) only apply to Diversified Funds. Except as noted in the prior sentence or as otherwise noted below, each Fund, as a fundamental policy, may not:

(1) As to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (other than obligations issued, or guaranteed, by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities), except as may be necessary to approximate the composition of its Underlying Index.

(2) As to 75% of its total assets, purchase more than 10% of all outstanding voting securities or any class of securities of any one issuer, except as may be necessary to approximate the composition of its Underlying Index.

(3) As to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of the value of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (other than obligations issued, or guaranteed, by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities).

(4) As to 75% of its total assets, purchase more than 10% of all outstanding voting securities or any class of securities of any one issuer.

(5) With respect to Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF, Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF, Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF, Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Discretionary ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Staples ETF,

Invesco S&P SmallCap Energy ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Financials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Health Care ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Industrials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Information Technology ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Materials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Utilities & Communication Services ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF and Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF, invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one industry or group of industries, except to the extent that the underlying index that the Fund replicates concentrates in an industry or group of industries. This restriction does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities.

(6) With respect to Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco ESG S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco Nasdaq Biotechnology ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Future Gen 200 ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco PHLX Semiconductor ETF, Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Enhanced Value ETF, Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Momentum ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P 500 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF, Invesco S&P Ultra Dividend Revenue ETF, Invesco Solar ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF and Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF, invest more than 25% of the value of its net assets in securities of issuers in any one industry or group of industries, except to the extent that the underlying index that the Fund replicates concentrates in an industry or group of industries. This restriction does not apply to obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities.

(7) With respect to Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF, Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF, Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF, Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Discretionary ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Staples ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Energy ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Financials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Health Care ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Industrials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Information Technology ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Materials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Utilities & Communication Services ETF and Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF, borrow money, except that the Fund may (i) borrow money from banks for temporary or emergency purposes (but not for leverage or the purchase of investments) up to 10% of its total assets and (ii) make other investments or engage in other transactions permissible under the 1940 Act that may involve a borrowing, provided that the combination of (i) and (ii) shall not exceed 33 1∕3% of the value of the Fund's total assets (including the amount borrowed), less the Fund's liabilities (other than borrowings).

(8) With respect to Invesco ESG NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco ESG S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco Nasdaq Biotechnology ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Future Gen 200 ETF, Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco PHLX Semiconductor ETF, Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Enhanced Value ETF, Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF, Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Momentum ETF, Invesco

S&P 500 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P 500 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF, Invesco S&P Ultra Dividend Revenue ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Solar ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF and Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF, borrow money, except that the Fund may borrow money to the extent permitted by (i) the 1940 Act, (ii) the rules and regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the 1940 Act, or (iii) an exemption or other relief applicable to the Fund from the provisions of the 1940 Act.

(9) Act as an underwriter of another issuer's securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.

(10) With respect to each Fund except Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco S&P 500® Enhanced Value ETF, Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Momentum ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF and Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF, make loans to other persons, except through (i) the purchase of debt securities permissible under the Fund's investment policies, (ii) repurchase agreements or (iii) the lending of portfolio securities, provided that no such loan of portfolio securities may be made by the Fund if, as a result, the aggregate of such loans would exceed 33 1∕3% of the value of the Fund's total assets.

(11) With respect to Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Enhanced Value ETF, Invesco S&P 500® ex-Rate Sensitive Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Minimum Variance ETF, Invesco S&P 500 Momentum ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF and Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF make loans to other persons, except through (i) the purchase of debt securities permissible under the Fund's investment policies, (ii) repurchase agreements or (iii) the lending of portfolio securities, provided that no such repurchase agreements or loan of portfolio securities may be made by the Fund if, as a result, the aggregate of such repurchase agreements and loans would exceed 33 1∕3% of the value of the Fund's total assets.

(12) Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prevent the Fund (i) from purchasing or selling options, futures contracts or other derivative instruments, or (ii) from investing in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities).

(13) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing or selling securities or other instruments backed by real estate or of issuers engaged in real estate activities).

(14) With respect to each Fund except Invesco KBW Bank ETF and Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act.

(15) With respect to Invesco KBW Bank ETF and Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, issue senior securities.

Except for restrictions (7), (8), (10)(iii), (11)(iii), (14) and (15), if a Fund adheres to a percentage restriction at the time of investment, a later increase in percentage resulting from a change in market value of the investment or the total assets, or the sale of a security out of the portfolio, will not constitute a violation of that restriction. With respect to restrictions (7), (8), (10)(iii), (11)(iii), (14) and (15), in the event that a Fund's borrowings, repurchase agreements and loans of portfolio securities at any time exceed 33 1∕3% of the value of the Fund's total assets (including the amount borrowed and the collateral received) less the Fund's liabilities

(other than borrowings or loans) due to subsequent changes in the value of the Fund's assets or otherwise, within three days (excluding Sundays and holidays), the Fund will take corrective action to reduce the amount of its borrowings, repurchase agreements and loans of portfolio securities to an extent that such borrowings, repurchase agreements and loans of portfolio securities will not exceed 33 1∕3% of the value of the Fund's total assets (including the amount borrowed and the collateral received) less the Fund's liabilities (other than borrowings or loans).

For purposes of classifying a Fund as either a “diversified company” or a “non-diversified company” (as such terms are defined in the 1940 Act), the ultimate issuer of debt securities is determined by the Adviser based on certain factors, such as responsibility for the payment of the obligations of such securities and whether such issuer’s assets and revenues principally back those obligations, and/or other available information.

The foregoing fundamental investment policies cannot be changed as to a Fund without approval by holders of a “majority of the Fund's outstanding voting securities.” As defined in the 1940 Act, this means the vote of (i) 67% or more of the Fund's Shares present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the Fund's outstanding Shares are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Fund's outstanding Shares, whichever is less.

In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, each Fund (except as shown below) also is subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) without shareholder approval. Each Fund (except as shown below) may not:

(1) Except for Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF and Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, sell securities short, unless the Fund owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short at no added cost, and provided that transactions in options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments are not deemed to constitute selling securities short.

(2) With respect to Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF and Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, sell securities short, unless the Fund owns or has the right to obtain securities equivalent in kind and amount to the securities sold short at no added cost.

(3) Except for Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF and Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, purchase securities on margin, except that the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions; and provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts, options on futures contracts or other derivative instruments shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin.

(4) With respect to Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Beta ETF and Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF, purchase securities on margin, except that the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as are necessary for the clearance of transactions.

(5) Except for Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF and Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, purchase securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except in compliance with the 1940 Act, although the Fund may not acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on Sections 12(d)(1)(F) and 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.

(6) With respect to Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF and Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, purchase securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except in compliance with the 1940 Act.

(7) Invest in direct interests in oil, gas or other mineral exploration programs or leases; however, the Fund may invest in the securities of issuers that engage in these activities.

(8) Invest in illiquid investments if, as a result of such investment, more than 15% of the Fund's net assets would be invested in illiquid investments.

The investment objective of each Fund is a non-fundamental policy that the Board may change without approval by shareholders upon 60 days' written notice to shareholders.

In accordance with the 1940 Act, each of the following Funds has adopted a policy (as set forth below) to invest in securities suggested by the Fund's name (an “80% investment policy”).

Each of Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Dorsey Wright SmallCap Momentum ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, Invesco ESG S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF, Invesco Equal Weight 0-30 Year Treasury ETF, Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco KBW Bank ETF, Invesco KBW High Dividend Yield Financial ETF, Invesco KBW Premium Yield Equity REIT ETF, Invesco KBW Property & Casualty Insurance ETF, Invesco KBW Regional Banking ETF, Invesco Nasdaq Biotechnology ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco PHLX Semiconductor ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco MSCI USA ETF, Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap 400 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P MidCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 QVM Multi-factor ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap 600 Revenue ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Discretionary ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Consumer Staples ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Energy ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Financials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Health Care ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap High Dividend Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Industrials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Information Technology ETF, Invesco SmallCap Low Volatility ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Materials ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Quality ETF, Invesco S&P SmallCap Utilities & Communication Services ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF has adopted an 80% investment policy and considers securities suggested by its name to be those securities that comprise its Underlying Index.

Each Fund (except Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF) will meet its 80% investment policy by investing at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowing for investment purposes) in such securities.

Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF will meet its 80% investment policy by investing at least 80% of its total assets in such securities.

Invesco Solar ETF has adopted an 80% investment policy and considers companies in the solar industry to be those companies that comprise its Underlying Index and that derive at least 50% of their revenues from the solar industry. The Fund will meet its 80% investment policy by investing at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowing for investment purposes) in such securities.

The 80% investment policy for each Fund (except for Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF) is a non-fundamental policy, and each of these Funds will provide its shareholders with at least 60 days' prior written notice of any change to its 80% investment policy.

The 80% investment policy for each of Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF is fundamental and may not be changed without shareholder approval.

In addition to its fundamental 80% investment policy, each of Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy to invest at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal securities that are exempt from the federal alternative minimum tax. The Board may change this non-fundamental policy at any time upon 60 days' notice to shareholders.

INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS

Investment Strategies

Each Fund's investment objective is to seek to track the investment results, before fees and expenses, of its respective Underlying Index. Each Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing primarily in securities that comprise its Underlying Index. Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF invests primarily in securities of other mutual funds (which may include affiliated Invesco mutual funds). Information about the investment strategies of those affiliated mutual funds is contained in the prospectuses and SAIs for those funds.

Each Fund operates as an index fund and will not be actively managed. Each Fund (except for Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF, Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF) attempts to replicate, before fees and expenses, the performance of its Underlying Index by generally investing in all of the securities comprising its Underlying Index in proportion to their weightings in the Underlying Index (a “full replication” methodology), although any Fund may use sampling techniques for the purpose of complying with regulatory or investment restrictions or when sampling is deemed appropriate to track an Underlying Index.

Each of Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF, Invesco Fundamental High Yield® Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco Fundamental Investment Grade Corporate Bond ETF, Invesco National AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF, Invesco Preferred ETF, Invesco Senior Loan ETF, Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF, Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF and Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF generally uses a “sampling” methodology to seek to achieve its respective investment objective. Funds using a sampling methodology may not be as well-correlated with the return of its Underlying Index as would be the case if such Fund purchased assets of the securities in its respective Underlying Index in the proportions represented in such Underlying Index.

Investment Risks

A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in a Fund is contained in the Fund’s Prospectus in the “Summary Information—Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund”, “Additional Information About the Fund’s Strategies and Risks—Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund” and “—Additional Risks of Investing in the Fund” sections. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, these sections.

An investment in a Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the Fund's portfolio holdings may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of those portfolio holdings and other factors that affect the market, as applicable.

An investment in each Fund also should be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in securities, including the risk that the financial condition of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition of the securities market may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the portfolio securities and thus in the value of Shares). The Funds’ portfolio holdings are susceptible

to general market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence and investor emotions and perceptions of the companies issuing the securities change. Investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic or banking crises.

The Funds are not actively managed, and therefore the adverse financial condition of any one issuer will not result in the elimination of its securities from the securities a Fund holds unless the respective index provider removes the securities of such issuer from its respective Underlying Index.

Bonds. A bond is an interest-bearing security issued by a company, governmental unit or, in some cases, a non-U.S. entity. The issuer of a bond has a contractual obligation to pay interest at a stated rate on specific dates and to repay principal (the bond’s face value) either periodically (e.g., an amortizing bond) or on a specified maturity date. Bonds generally are used by corporations and governments to borrow money from investors. Some bonds may be “callable”—i.e., an issuer may have the right to redeem or “call” a bond before maturity. In such cases, the investor may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower market rates.

Most bonds bear interest income at a “coupon” rate that is fixed for the life of the bond. The value of a fixed rate bond usually rises when market interest rates fall, and falls when market interest rates rise. Accordingly, a fixed rate bond’s yield (income as a percent of the bond’s current value) may differ from its coupon rate as its value rises or falls. Other types of bonds, commonly are known as “floating-rate” or “variable-rate” bonds, bear income at an interest rate that is adjusted periodically, either at specific intervals (e.g., step-up bonds, which pay an initial, fixed coupon rate for a stated period, then a higher, pre-determined rate for subsequent periods) or upon the occurrence of a certain event (e.g., event-driven, rating-driven, and registration-driven bonds, which may change coupon rates upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of specified events, such as rating changes, failure to register a bond, or failure to complete a merger). Because of their adjustable interest rates, the value of “floating-rate” or “variable-rate” bonds fluctuates much less in response to market interest rate movements than the value of fixed rate bonds.

Generally, prices of higher quality issues tend to fluctuate less with changes in market interest rates than prices of lower quality issues and prices of longer maturity issues tend to fluctuate more than prices of shorter maturity issues. Bonds may be senior or subordinated obligations. Senior obligations generally have the first claim on a corporation’s earnings and assets and, in the event of liquidation, are paid before subordinated obligations. Bonds may be unsecured (backed only by the issuer’s general creditworthiness) or secured (backed by specified collateral). Some bonds may have embedded put options (i.e., a “puttable bond”) granting the holder the right to demand early repayment of principal. To repay the debt obligation represented by a bond, a company may establish a “sinking fund,” which represents revenue set aside over a period of time to repayment such debt.

The investment return of corporate bonds reflects interest on the security and changes in the market value of the security. The market value of a corporate bond may be affected by the credit rating of the corporation, the corporation’s performance and perceptions of the corporation in the marketplace. There is a risk that the issuers of the bonds may not be able to meet their obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the bond.

Borrowing. Each Fund may borrow money from a bank or another person up to the limits and for the purposes set forth in the section “Investment Restrictions” to meet shareholder redemptions, for temporary or emergency purposes and for other lawful purposes. Borrowed money will cost a Fund interest expense and/or other fees. The costs of borrowing may reduce a Fund's return. Borrowing also may cause a Fund to liquidate positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations to repay borrowed monies. To the extent that a Fund has outstanding borrowings, it will be leveraged. Leveraging generally exaggerates the effect on NAV of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Fund's portfolio securities.

Under the 1940 Act, a registered investment company can borrow an amount up to 33 1/3% of its assets for temporary or emergency purposes or to allow for an orderly liquidation of securities to meet redemption requests. If there are unusually heavy redemptions, a Fund may have to sell a portion of its investment

portfolio at a time when it may not be advantageous to do so. Selling securities under these circumstances may result in a Fund having a lower NAV per Share.

Given the nature of its investments, Invesco Senior Loan ETF has entered into a committed, unsecured line of credit with a syndicate of banks led by State Street Bank and Trust Company. The Adviser believes that, in the event of abnormally heavy redemption requests, Invesco Senior Loan ETF’s borrowing ability under this line of credit would help to mitigate any such effects and could make the forced sale of its portfolio securities less likely. Invesco Senior Loan ETF will bear any interest expenses associated with the line of credit should the Fund resort to borrowing from the line of credit. The Adviser will pay the set-up fees and the commitment fee based on the commitment amount.

China Investment Risk. The value of securities of companies that derive the majority of their revenues from China is likely to be more volatile than that of other issuers. The economy of China differs, often unfavorably, from the U.S. economy in such respects as structure, general development, government involvement, including the lack of willingness or ability of the Chinese government to support the economies and markets of the Greater China region, lack of publicly available information, wealth distribution, rate of inflation, growth rate, allocation of resources and capital reinvestment, among others. Under China’s political and economic system, the central government has historically exercised substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through administrative regulation and/or state ownership. Since 1978, the Chinese government has been, and is expected to continue, reforming its economic policies, which has resulted in less direct central and local government control over the business and production activities of Chinese enterprises and companies. Notwithstanding the economic reforms instituted by the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party, actions of the Chinese central and local government authorities continue to have a substantial effect on economic conditions in China, which could affect its public and private sector companies. In the past, the Chinese government has, from time to time, taken actions that influenced the prices at which certain goods may be sold, encouraged companies to invest or concentrate in particular industries, induced mergers between companies in certain industries and induced private companies to publicly offer their securities to increase or continue the rate of economic growth, controlled the rate of inflation or otherwise regulated economic expansion. It may do so in the future as well. As a result, Chinese markets generally continue to experience inefficiency, volatility and pricing anomalies. Further, public health emergencies resulting in market closures, travel restrictions, quarantines or other interventions, such as the coronavirus (“COVID-19”) outbreak, may cause uncertainty and volatility in the Chinese economy, especially in the consumer discretionary (leisure, retail, gaming, tourism), industrials, and commodities sectors. In addition, any reduction in spending on Chinese products and services, institution of tariffs, sanctions, capital controls, embargoes, trade wars, or other trade barriers or a downturn in any of the economies of China’s key trading partners may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy. In addition, actions by the U.S. government, such as delisting of certain Chinese companies from U.S. securities exchanges or otherwise restricting their operations in the U.S., may negatively impact the value of such securities held by a Fund. Further, from time to time, certain companies in which a Fund invests may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the U.S. government and the United Nations and/or in countries the U.S. government identified as state sponsors of terrorism. One or more of these companies may be subject to constraints under U.S. law or regulations that could negatively affect the company’s performance. Additionally, one or more of these companies could suffer damage to its reputation if the market identifies it as a company that invests or deals with countries that the U.S. government identifies as state sponsors of terrorism or subjects to sanctions.

China A-Share Investment Risk. The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program (both programs collectively referred to as the Stock Connect Program) are securities trading and clearing programs through which a fund can trade eligible listed China A-shares. Investing in A-shares through the Stock Connect Program is subject to trading, clearance, settlement and other procedures, which could pose risks to a fund. Trading through the Stock Connect Program is subject to the daily quota, which may restrict or preclude a fund's ability to invest in Stock Connect securities. Foreign investors, individually and in the aggregate, are subject to ownership

limitations from Shanghai or Shenzhen listed companies, including those purchased through the Stock Connect Program. Once the daily quota is reached, orders to purchase additional China A-shares through the Stock Connect Program will be rejected.

Chinese Variable Interest Entity Investment Risk. Many Chinese companies have created a special structure, which is based in China, known as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) as a means to circumvent limits on direct foreign ownership of equity in Chinese operating companies in certain sectors, such as internet, media, education and telecommunications, imposed by the Chinese government. Typically in such an arrangement, a China-based operating company establishes an offshore “holding” company in another jurisdiction that likely does not have the same disclosure, reporting, and governance requirements as the United States. The holding company issues shares, i.e., is “listed”, on a foreign exchange such as the New York Stock Exchange or the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The listed holding company enters into service and other contracts with the China-based operating company, typically through the China-based VIE. The VIE must be owned by Chinese nationals (and/or other Chinese companies), which often are the VIE’s founders, in order to obtain the licenses and/or assets required to operate in the restricted or prohibited sector in China. The operations and financial position of the VIE are included in consolidated financial statements of the listed holding company. Foreign investors, including mutual funds and ETFs (such as the Funds), hold stock in the listed holding company rather than directly in the China-based operating company.

The VIE structure allows foreign shareholders to exert a degree of control and obtain economic benefits arising from the operating company but without formal legal ownership because the listed holding company’s control over the operating company is predicated entirely on contracts with the VIE. The listed holding company is distinct from the underlying operating company, and an investment in the listed holding company represents exposure to a company that maintains service contracts with the operating company, not equity ownership.

Investments in companies that use VIEs may pose additional risks because the investment is made through the listed holding company’s service and other contractual arrangements with the underlying Chinese operating company. As a result, such investment may limit the rights of an investor with respect to the underlying Chinese operating company. The contractual arrangements between the VIE and the operating company may not be as effective in providing operational control as direct equity ownership. The Chinese government could determine at any time and without notice that the underlying contractual arrangements on which control of the VIE is based violate Chinese law. While VIEs are a longstanding industry practice, well known to Chinese officials and regulators, VIEs historically have not been formally recognized under Chinese law. The owners of the VIE could decide to breach the contractual arrangements with the listed holding company and it is uncertain whether the contractual arrangements, which may be subject to conflicts of interest between the legal owners of the VIE and foreign investors, would be enforced by Chinese courts or arbitration bodies. Prohibitions of these structures by the Chinese government, or the inability to enforce such contracts, from which the shell company derives its value, would likely cause the VIE-structured holding(s) to suffer significant, detrimental, and possibly permanent loss, and in turn, adversely affect a Fund’s returns and NAV.

The Chinese government previously placed restrictions on China-based companies raising capital offshore in certain sectors, including through VIEs, and investors face uncertainty about future actions by the Chinese government that could significantly affect the operating company’s financial performance and the enforceability of the contractual arrangements underlying the VIE structure. It is uncertain whether Chinese officials or regulators will withdraw their acceptance of the VIE structure, or whether any new laws, rules or regulations relating to VIE structures will be adopted and what impact such laws may have on foreign investors. There is a risk that China might prohibit the existence of VIEs or sever their ability to transmit economic and governance rights to foreign individuals and entities; if so, the market value of any associated portfolio holdings would likely suffer substantial, detrimental, and possibly permanent loss.

Chinese companies, including those listed on U.S. exchanges, are generally not subject to the same degree of regulatory requirements, accounting standards or auditor oversight as companies in more developed countries. As a result, information about VIEs may be less reliable or complete. Foreign companies with securities listed on U.S. exchanges, including those that utilize VIEs, may be delisted if they do not meet the requirements of the listing exchange, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) and the U.S. government, which could significantly decrease the liquidity and value of such securities. Actions by the U.S. government, such as delisting of certain Chinese companies from U.S. securities exchanges or otherwise restricting their operations in the U.S., may negatively impact the liquidity and value of such securities.

Correlation and Tracking Error. Correlation measures the degree of association between the returns of a Fund and its Underlying Index. Each Fund seeks a correlation over time of 0.95 or better between the Fund's performance and the performance of the Underlying Index; a figure of 1.00 would indicate perfect correlation. Correlation is calculated at each Fund's fiscal year-end by comparing the Fund's average monthly total returns, before fees and expenses, to its Underlying Index's average monthly total returns over the prior one-year period or since inception if the Fund has been in existence for less than one year. Another means of evaluating the degree of correlation between the returns of a Fund and its Underlying Index is to assess the “tracking error” between the two. Tracking error means the variation between each Fund's annual return and the return of its Underlying Index, expressed in terms of standard deviation. Each Fund seeks to have a tracking error of less than 5%, measured on a monthly basis over a one-year period by taking the standard deviation of the difference in the Fund's returns versus the Underlying Index's returns.

An investment in each Fund should be made with an understanding that the Fund will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of its Underlying Index, because the total return that the securities generate will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of the securities and other Fund expenses, whereas such transaction costs and expenses are not included in the calculation of the performance of its Underlying Index. Also, to the extent that a Fund was to issue and/or redeem Creation Units principally for cash, it generally will incur higher costs in buying and selling securities than if it issued and/or redeemed Creation Units principally in-kind.

In addition, the use of a representative sampling methodology (which may arise for a number of reasons, including a large number of securities within an Underlying Index, or the limited assets of a Fund) may cause a Fund not to be as well correlated with the return of its Underlying Index as would be the case if the Fund purchased all of the securities in its Underlying Index in the proportions represented in such Underlying Index. It also is possible that, for short periods of time, a Fund may not replicate fully the performance of its Underlying Index due to the temporary unavailability of certain Underlying Index securities in the secondary market or due to other extraordinary circumstances. Such events are unlikely to continue for an extended period of time because each Fund is required to correct such imbalances by means of adjusting the composition of its portfolio holdings. It also is possible that the composition of a Fund may not replicate exactly the composition of its respective Underlying Index if the Fund has to adjust its portfolio holdings to continue to qualify as a “regulated investment company” (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of Chapter 1 of Subtitle A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code” or "Code").

Equity Securities. Equity securities represent ownership interests in a company or partnership and consist of common stocks, preferred stocks, warrants to acquire common stock, securities convertible into common stock, and investments in master limited partnerships. Investments in equity securities in general are subject to market risks that may cause their prices to fluctuate over time. Fluctuations in the value of equity securities in which a Fund invests will cause the NAV of the Fund to fluctuate. The value of equity securities may fall as a result of factors directly relating to the issuer, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for its products or services. An equity security’s value also may fall because of factors affecting not just the issuer, but also companies in the same industry or in a number of different industries, such as increases in production costs. The value of an issuer’s equity securities also may be affected by changes in financial markets that are relatively unrelated to the issuer or its industry, such as changes in interest rates or currency exchange rates. Global stock markets, including the U.S. stock market, tend to be cyclical, with periods when stock prices generally rise and periods when stock prices generally decline. Equity securities may include:

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Common Stock. Common stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds and preferred stock take precedence over the claims of those who own common stock.

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Preferred Stock. Preferred stock represents an equity or ownership interest in an issuer that pays dividends at a specified rate and that has precedence over common stock in the payment of dividends. Preferred stocks may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stocks usually do not have voting rights. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of preferred stock take precedence over the claims of those who own common stock, but are subordinate to those of bond owners.

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Convertible Securities. Convertible securities are bonds, debentures, notes, preferred stocks or other securities that may be converted or exchanged (by the holder or by the issuer) into shares of the underlying common stock (or cash or securities of equivalent value) at a stated exchange ratio. A convertible security may also be called for redemption or conversion by the issuer after a particular date and under certain circumstances (including a specified price) established upon issue. If a convertible security held by a Fund is called for redemption or conversion, the Fund could be required to tender it for redemption, convert it into the underlying common stock, or sell it to a third party. In the event an issuer is liquidated or declares bankruptcy, the claims of owners of bonds take precedence over the claims of those who own convertible securities.

Convertible securities generally have less potential for gain or loss than common stocks. Convertible securities generally provide yields higher than the underlying common stocks, but generally lower than comparable nonconvertible securities. Because of this higher yield, convertible securities generally sell at a price above their “conversion value,” which is the current market value of the stock to be received upon conversion. The difference between this conversion value and the price of convertible securities will vary over time depending on changes in the value of the underlying common stocks and interest rates. When the underlying common stocks decline in value, convertible securities tend not to decline to the same extent because of the interest or dividend payments and the repayment of principal at maturity for certain types of convertible securities. However, securities that are convertible other than at the option of the holder generally do not limit the potential for loss to the same extent as securities convertible at the option of the holder. When the underlying common stocks rise in value, the value of convertible securities may also be expected to increase. At the same time, however, the difference between the market value of convertible securities and their conversion value will narrow, which means that the value of convertible securities will generally not increase to the same extent as the value of the underlying common stocks. Because convertible securities may also be interest-rate sensitive, their value may increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Convertible securities are also subject to credit risk, and are often lower-quality securities.

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Small and Medium Capitalization Issuers. Investing in equity securities of small and medium capitalization companies often involves greater risk than do investments in larger capitalization companies. This increased risk may be due to greater business risks customarily associated with a smaller size, limited markets and financial resources, narrow product lines and frequent lack of depth of management. The securities of smaller companies are often traded in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) market and even if listed on a national securities exchange may not be traded in volumes typical for that exchange. Consequently, the securities of smaller companies are less likely to be liquid, may have limited market stability, and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established growth companies or market averages in general.

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Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”). MLPs are limited partnerships in which the ownership units are publicly traded. MLP units are registered with the SEC and are freely traded on a securities exchange or in the OTC market. MLPs often own several properties or businesses (or own interests) that are related to real estate development and oil and gas industries, but they also may finance motion pictures, research and development and other projects. Generally, a MLP is operated under the supervision of

one or more managing general partners. Limited partners are not involved in the day-to-day management of the partnership.

The risks of investing in a MLP are generally those involved in investing in a partnership as opposed to a corporation. For example, state law governing partnerships is often less restrictive than state law governing corporations. Accordingly, there may be fewer protections afforded investors in a MLP than investors in a corporation. Additional risks involved with investing in a MLP are risks associated with the specific industry or industries in which the partnership invests, such as the risks of investing in real estate or oil and gas industries.

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Warrants. Warrants are instruments that entitle the holder to buy an equity security at a specific price for a specific period of time. Changes in the value of a warrant do not necessarily correspond to changes in the value of its underlying security. The price of a warrant may be more volatile than the price of its underlying security, and a warrant may offer greater potential for capital appreciation as well as capital loss. Warrants do not entitle a holder to dividends or voting rights with respect to the underlying security and do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuing company. A warrant ceases to have value if it is not exercised prior to its expiration date. These factors can make warrants more speculative than other types of investments.

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Rights. A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe to shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life of usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a price lower than the public offering price. An investment in rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. Investing in rights increases the potential profit or loss to be realized from the investment as compared with investing the same amount in the underlying securities.

Cybersecurity Risk. With the increased use of technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, the Funds, like all companies, may be susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. Cybersecurity incidents involving the Funds or their service providers (including, without limitation, a Fund’s investment adviser, sub-adviser, fund accountant, custodian, transfer agent and financial intermediaries) have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, impediments to trading, the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs.

Cybersecurity incidents can result from deliberate cyberattacks or unintentional events and may arise from external or internal sources. Cyberattacks may include infection by malicious software or gaining unauthorized access to digital systems, networks or devices that are used to service the Funds’ operations (e.g., by “hacking” or “phishing”). Cyberattacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). These cyberattacks could cause the misappropriation of assets or personal information, corruption of data or operational disruptions. Geopolitical tensions may, from time to time, increase the scale and sophistication of deliberate cyberattacks.

Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity incidents affecting issuers of securities in which the Funds invest, counterparties with which the Funds engage, governmental and other regulatory authorities, exchanges and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies, other financial institutions and other parties. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any cybersecurity incidents in the future. Although the Funds’ service providers may have established business continuity plans and risk management systems to mitigate cybersecurity risks, there can be no guarantee or assurance that such plans or systems will be effective, or that all risks that exist, or may develop

in the future, have been completely anticipated and identified or can be protected against. The Funds and their shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

Natural Disaster/Epidemic Risk. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of the Funds’ investments. Additionally, if a sector or sectors in which an Underlying Index is concentrated is negatively impacted to a greater extent by such events, the corresponding Fund may experience heightened volatility. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries, including the U.S. These disruptions could prevent the Funds from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and negatively impact the Funds’ ability to achieve their investment objectives. Any such event(s) could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Funds.

The recent spread of the human coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) is an example. In the first quarter of 2020, the World Health Organization (the “WHO”) recognized COVID-19 as a global pandemic and both the WHO and the United States declared the outbreak a public health emergency. The subsequent spread of COVID-19 resulted in, among other significant adverse economic impacts, instances of market closures and dislocations, extreme volatility, liquidity constraints and increased trading costs. Efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 resulted in travel restrictions, closed international borders, disruptions of healthcare systems, business operations (including business closures) and supply chains, employee layoffs and general lack of employee availability, lower consumer demand, and defaults and credit downgrades, all of which contributed to disruption of global economic activity across many industries and exacerbated other pre-existing political, social and economic risks domestically and globally. Although the WHO and the United States ended their declarations of COVID-19 as a global health emergency in May 2023, the full economic impact at the macro-level and on individual businesses, as well as the potential for a future reoccurrence of COVID-19 or the occurrence of a similar epidemic or pandemic, is unpredictable and could result in significant and prolonged adverse impact on economies and financial markets in specific countries and worldwide and thereby could negatively affect a Fund’s performance.

Derivatives Risk. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying asset, index, interest rate or currency exchange rate. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks including credit risk, interest rate risk, and market risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. The counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in a Fund that invests in derivatives may change quickly and without warning.

For some derivatives, it is possible to lose more than the amount invested in the derivative. Derivatives may be used to create synthetic exposure to an underlying asset or to hedge a portfolio risk. If a Fund uses derivatives to “hedge” a portfolio risk, it is possible that the hedge may not succeed. This may happen for various reasons, including unexpected changes in the value of the rest of the portfolio of a Fund. OTC derivatives are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the other party to the contract will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with a Fund.

The regulation of derivatives is a rapidly changing area of law and is subject to modification by government and judicial action. In addition, the SEC, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) and the exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of a market emergency, including, for example, the implementation or reduction of speculative position limits, the implementation of higher margin requirements, the establishment of daily price limits and the suspension of trading.

It is not possible to predict fully the effects of current or future regulation. However, it is possible that developments in government regulation of various types of derivative instruments, such as speculative position limits on certain types of derivatives, or limits or restrictions on the counterparties with which the Fund

engages in derivative transactions, may limit or prevent the Fund from using or limit the Fund’s use of these instruments effectively as a part of its investment strategy, and could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Adviser will continue to monitor developments in the area, particularly to the extent regulatory changes affect the Fund’s ability to enter into desired swap agreements. New requirements, even if not directly applicable to the Fund, may increase the cost of the Fund’s investments and cost of doing business.

ESG Investing Strategy Risk. Invesco ESG NASDAQ 100 ETF, Invesco ESG NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF, and Invesco ESG S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF invest in securities that meet their respective index providers' environmental, social and governance ("ESG") criteria. The criteria may be based on the applicable index provider's proprietary research or on third-party research, as described in the Funds' Prospectuses. Invesco Solar ETF also invests in securities that meet certain ESG criteria used by the index provider in maintaining the Fund's Underlying Index. The securities of companies with favorable ESG attributes (as determined by the respective index provider) may underperform the market as a whole. As a result, these Funds may underperform other funds that do not screen companies based on ESG criteria or that use a different methodology to identify and/or incorporate ESG criteria. The criteria used to select companies for investment may result in the Fund investing in securities, industries or sectors that underperform the market as a whole or underperform other funds screened for ESG standards. There is no guarantee that the evaluation of ESG criteria will benefit a Fund's performance. As investors can differ in their views regarding ESG factors and ESG ratings may vary, a Fund may invest in issuers that do not reflect the views with respect to ESG of any particular investor or do not rate strongly on certain ESG criteria.

Forward Foreign Currency Contracts. A Fund may enter into forward foreign currency transactions in anticipation of, or to protect themselves against, fluctuations in exchange rates. A forward foreign currency contract is an obligation to buy or sell a particular currency in exchange for another currency, which may be U.S. dollars, at a specified exchange rate on a future date. Forward foreign currency contracts are typically individually negotiated and privately traded by currency traders and their customers in the interbank market. A Fund may enter into forward foreign currency contracts with respect to a specific purchase or sale of a security, or with respect to its portfolio positions generally.

At the maturity of a forward foreign currency contract, a Fund may either exchange the currencies specified at the maturity of the contract or, prior to maturity, enter into a closing transaction involving the purchase or sale of an offsetting contract. Closing transactions with respect to forward foreign currency contracts may or may not be effected with the counterparty to the original forward contract. A Fund may also enter into forward foreign currency contracts that do not provide for physical exchange of the two currencies on the settlement date but instead provide for settlement by a single cash payment calculated as the difference between the agreed upon exchange rate and the spot rate at settlement based upon an agreed upon notional amount. These contracts are known as “non-deliverable forwards”.

Under definitions adopted by the CFTC and SEC, non-deliverable forwards are considered swaps, and therefore are included in the definition of commodity interests. Although non-deliverable forwards have historically been traded in the OTC market, as swaps they may in the future be required to be centrally cleared and traded on public execution facilities. Forward foreign currency contracts that qualify as deliverable forwards are not regulated as swaps for most purposes, and are not included in the definition of commodity interests. However these forwards are subject to some requirements applicable to swaps, including reporting to swap data repositories, margin requirements, documentation requirements, and business conduct rules applicable to swap dealers. CFTC regulation of forward foreign currency contracts, especially non-deliverable forwards, may restrict a Fund’s ability to use these instruments in the manner described above.

The cost to a Fund of engaging in forward foreign currency contracts varies with factors such as the currencies involved, the length of the contract period, differences in prevailing interest rates in the jurisdictions associated with the two currencies and the prevailing market conditions. Because forward foreign currency contracts are usually entered into on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are typically involved. The use of forward foreign currency contracts for hedging does not eliminate fluctuations in the prices of the underlying securities a Fund owns or intends to acquire, but it does establish a rate of exchange in advance. While

forward foreign currency contract sales limit the risk of loss due to a decline in the value of the hedged currencies, they also limit any potential gain that might result should the value of the currencies increase.

Futures and Options. Certain Funds may enter into futures contracts, options and options on futures contracts. These futures contracts and options will be used to simulate full investment in the Underlying Index, to facilitate trading or to reduce transaction costs. Each Fund will only enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts that are traded on an exchange. The Funds will not use futures or options for speculative purposes.

A call option gives a holder the right to purchase a specific security or an index at a specified price (“exercise price”) within a specified period of time. A put option gives a holder the right to sell a specific security or an index at a specified price within a specified period of time. The initial purchaser of a call option pays the “writer,” i.e., the party selling the option, a premium which is paid at the time of purchase and is retained by the writer whether or not such option is exercised. Each Fund may purchase put options to hedge its portfolio against the risk of a decline in the market value of securities held and may purchase call options to hedge against an increase in the price of securities it is committed to purchase.

Futures contracts provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified amount of a specific instrument or index at a specified future time and at a specified price. Stock index contracts are based on indices that reflect the market value of common stock of the firms included in the indices. Each Fund may enter into futures contracts to purchase security indices when the Adviser or Sub-Adviser anticipates purchasing the underlying securities and believes prices will rise before the purchase will be made.

An option on a futures contract, as contrasted with the direct investment in such a contract, gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to assume a position in the underlying futures contract at a specified exercise price at any time prior to the expiration date of the option. Upon exercise of an option, the delivery of the futures position by the writer of the option to the holder of the option will be accompanied by delivery of the accumulated balance in the writer’s futures margin account that represents the amount by which the market price of the futures contract exceeds (in the case of a call) or is less than (in the case of a put) the exercise price of the option on the futures contract. The potential for loss related to the purchase of an option on a futures contract is limited to the premium paid for the option plus transaction costs. Because the value of the option is fixed at the point of purchase, there are no daily cash payments by the purchaser to reflect changes in the value of the underlying contract; however, the value of the option changes daily and that change would be reflected in the NAV of a Fund. The potential for loss related to writing call options on equity securities or indices is unlimited. The potential for loss related to writing put options is limited only by the aggregate strike price of the put option less the premium received.

Certain Funds may purchase and write put and call options on futures contracts that are traded on an exchange as a hedge against changes in value of its portfolio securities, or in anticipation of the purchase of securities, and may enter into closing transactions with respect to such options to terminate existing positions. There is no guarantee that such closing transactions can be effected.

Upon entering into a futures contract, a Fund will be required to deposit with the broker an amount of cash or cash equivalents in the range of approximately 5% to 7% of the contract amount (this amount is subject to change by the exchange on which the contract is traded). This amount, known as “initial margin,” is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the contract and is returned to a Fund upon termination of the futures contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Subsequent payments, known as “variation margin,” to and from the broker will be made daily as the price of the index underlying the futures contract fluctuates, making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as “marking-to-market.” At any time prior to expiration of a futures contract, a Fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position, which will operate to terminate the existing position in the contract.

Risks of Futures and Options Transactions. There are several risks accompanying the utilization of futures contracts and options on futures contracts. First, there is no guarantee that a liquid market will exist for a futures contract at a specified time. The Funds may utilize futures contracts only if an active market exists for such contracts.

Furthermore, because, by definition, futures contracts project price levels in the future and not current levels of valuation, market circumstances may result in a discrepancy between the price of the future and the movement in the Underlying Indexes. In the event of adverse price movements, a Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if a Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell portfolio securities to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, a Fund may be required to deliver the instruments underlying futures contracts it has sold.

The risk of loss in trading futures contracts or uncovered call options in some strategies (e.g., selling uncovered stock index futures contracts) potentially is unlimited. No Fund plans to use futures and options contracts in this way. The risk of a futures position may still be large as traditionally measured due to the low margin deposits required. In many cases, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit. The Funds, however, intend to utilize futures and options in a manner designed to limit their risk exposure to levels comparable to direct investment in stocks.

Utilization of futures and options on futures by the Funds involves the risk of imperfect or even negative correlation to an Underlying Index if the index underlying the futures contract differs from the Underlying Indexes of the Funds.

There also is the risk of loss by a Fund of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Fund has an open position in the futures contract or option; however, this risk substantially is minimized because (a) of the regulatory requirement that the broker has to “segregate” customer funds from its corporate funds, and (b) in the case of regulated exchanges in the United States, the clearing corporation stands behind the broker to make good losses in such a situation. The purchase of put or call options could be based upon predictions by the Adviser as to anticipated trends, which could prove to be incorrect and a part or all of the premium paid therefore could be lost.

Because the futures market imposes less burdensome margin requirements than the securities market, an increased amount of participation by speculators in the futures market could result in price fluctuations. Certain financial futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount by which the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. It is possible that futures contract prices could move to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting the Funds to substantial losses. In the event of adverse price movements, the Funds would be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin.

Restrictions on the Use of Futures Contracts, Options on Futures Contracts and Swaps. Rule 4.5 of the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) significantly limits the ability of certain regulated entities, including registered investment companies such as the Trust, to rely on an exclusion that would not require its investment adviser to register with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator (“CPO”). However, under Rule 4.5, the investment adviser of a registered investment company may claim exclusion from registration as a CPO only if the registered investment company that it advises uses futures contracts solely for “bona fide hedging purposes” or limits its use of futures contracts for non-bona fide hedging purposes such that (i) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish non-bona fide hedging positions with respect to futures contracts do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the registered investment company's portfolio, or (ii) the aggregate “notional value” of the non-bona fide hedging commodity interests do not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the registered investment company's portfolio (taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). The Adviser has claimed exclusion on behalf of each Fund

(except for the Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF) under Rule 4.5 which effectively limits the Funds' use of futures, options on futures, swaps, or other commodity interests. Each Fund (except for the Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF) currently intends to comply with the terms of Rule 4.5 so as to avoid regulation as a commodity pool, and as a result, the ability of each Fund to utilize futures, options on futures, swaps, or other commodity interests may be limited in accordance with the terms of the rule, as well as any limits set forth in the Funds' Prospectuses and this SAI. Each Fund (except for the Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF) therefore is not subject to CFTC registration or regulation as a commodity pool.

The terms of the CPO exclusion require each Fund claiming such exemption, among other things, to adhere to certain limits on its investments in “commodity interests.” Commodity interests include commodity futures, commodity options and swaps, which in turn include non-deliverable forwards. Each Fund is permitted to invest in these instruments as further described in this SAI. However, each Fund is not intended as a vehicle for trading in the commodity futures, commodity options or swaps markets. The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the Adviser's reliance on these exclusions, or the Funds, their investment strategies or the Funds’ Prospectuses.

While not anticipated, should a Fund invest in futures contracts for purposes that are not solely for “bona fide hedging” in excess of the limitations imposed by Rule 4.5, such Fund may be subject to regulation under the CEA and CFTC Rules as a commodity pool. Registration as a commodity pool may have negative effects on the ability of a Fund to engage in its planned investment program, while registration as a CPO imposes additional laws, regulations and enforcement policies, which could increase compliance costs and may affect the operations and financial performance of the Fund.

Because Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF invests in other mutual funds, including U.S.-listed closed-end funds, that may in turn invest in futures contracts for purposes that are not solely for “bona fide hedging” in excess of the limitations imposed by Rule 4.5, Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF may be subject to regulation under the CEA and CFTC Rules as a commodity pool. The Adviser is registered as a CPO and Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF operates in accordance with CFTC Rules. Registration as a commodity pool may have negative effects on the ability of a Fund to engage in its planned investment program, while registration as a CPO imposes additional laws, regulations and enforcement policies, which could increase compliance costs and may affect the operations and financial performance of the Fund. However, Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF’s status as a commodity pool and the Adviser’s registration as a CPO are not expected to materially adversely affect the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective.

Moreover, with the Adviser registered as a CPO, Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF is subject to dual regulation by the CFTC and the SEC. In 2012, the CFTC issued “harmonization” rules that permit CPOs of registered investment companies to rely on substituted compliance, whereby compliance with certain SEC rules is deemed compliant with certain CFTC rules with respect to disclosure and reporting requirements. The CFTC’s harmonization rules relating to disclosure and reporting requirements between the CFTC and the SEC have not materially affected, to date, the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective within the constraints of the dual regulation. If the Fund were to experience difficulty in implementing its investment strategies or achieving its investment objective, the Adviser may recommend that the Board reorganize or close the Fund or to materially change the Fund’s investment objective and strategies.

High Yield Debt Securities. Certain Funds may invest in high yield debt securities, which are rated below investment grade and commonly are known as “junk bonds.” Investment in high yield debt securities generally provides greater income and increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality securities, but they also typically entail greater price volatility and credit risk. These high yield debt securities are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Analysis of the creditworthiness of issuers of debt securities that are high yield may be more complex than for issuers of higher quality debt securities. In addition, high yield debt securities often are issued by smaller, less creditworthy companies or by highly leveraged (indebted) firms, which generally are less able than more financially stable firms to make scheduled payments of interest and principal. The risks posed by securities issued under such circumstances are substantial.

Investing in high yield debt securities involves risks that are greater than the risks of investing in higher quality debt securities. These risks include: (i) changes in credit status, including weaker overall credit conditions of issuers and risks of default; (ii) industry, market and economic risk; and (iii) greater price variability and credit risks of certain high yield debt securities such as zero coupon and payment-in-kind securities. While these risks provide the opportunity for maximizing return over time, they may result in greater volatility in the NAV of a Fund than a fund that invests in higher-rated securities.

Furthermore, the value of high yield securities may be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic, company or industry conditions than is the case for higher quality securities. The market values of certain of these lower-rated debt securities tend to reflect individual corporate developments to a greater extent than do higher-rated securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates and tend to be more sensitive to economic conditions than are higher-rated securities. Adverse market, credit or economic conditions could make it difficult at certain times to sell certain high yield debt securities.

The secondary market on which high yield debt securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities. Less liquidity in the secondary trading market could adversely affect the price at which a Fund could sell a high yield debt security, and could adversely affect the daily NAV per share of a Fund. When secondary markets for high yield debt securities are less liquid than the market for higher grade securities, it may be more difficult to value the securities because there is less reliable, objective data available.

The use of credit ratings as a principal method of selecting high yield debt securities can involve certain risks. For example, credit ratings evaluate the safety of principal and interest payments, not the market value risk of high yield debt securities. Also, credit rating agencies may fail to change credit ratings in a timely fashion to reflect events since the security was last rated.

Illiquid Investments. The Funds may not acquire any illiquid investment if, immediately after the acquisition, the Fund would have invested more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments. For purposes of this 15% limitation, illiquid investment means any investment that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment, as determined pursuant to the 1940 Act and applicable rules and regulations thereunder. Each Fund will monitor its portfolio liquidity on an ongoing basis to determine whether, in light of current circumstances, the appropriate level of liquidity is being maintained, and will take steps to ensure it adjusts its liquidity consistent with the policies and procedures adopted by the Trust on behalf of the Funds. The existence of a liquid trading market for certain securities may depend on whether dealers will make a market in such securities. There can be no assurance that dealers will make or maintain a market or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of Shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for a Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.

Lending Portfolio Securities. From time to time, a Fund (as the Adviser shall so determine) may lend its portfolio securities (principally to brokers, dealers or other financial institutions) to generate additional income. Such loans are callable at any time and are secured continuously by segregated collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the market value, determined daily, of the loaned securities. A Fund may lend portfolio securities to the extent of one-third of its total assets. A Fund will loan its securities only to parties that the Adviser has determined are in good standing and when, in the Adviser’s judgment, the potential income earned would justify the risks.

Although voting rights may pass with the lending of portfolio securities, a Fund will be entitled to call loaned securities, or otherwise obtain rights to vote or consent, when deemed necessary by the Adviser with respect to a material event affecting securities on loan. A Fund will receive income in lieu of dividends on loaned securities and may, at the same time, generate income on the loan collateral or on the investment of any cash collateral.

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the borrower defaults on its obligation to return the securities loaned because of insolvency

or other reasons, a Fund could experience delays and costs in recovering securities loaned or gaining access to the collateral. If a Fund is not able to recover the securities loaned, the Fund may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to a Fund if, and to the extent that, the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Securities lending also involves exposure to operational risk (the risk of loss resulting from errors in the settlement and accounting process) and “gap risk” (the risk that the return on cash collateral reinvestments will be less than the fees paid to the borrower).

Any cash received as collateral for loaned securities will be invested, in accordance with a Fund’s investment guidelines, in an affiliated money market fund. Investing this cash subjects that investment to market appreciation or depreciation. For purposes of determining whether a Fund is complying with its investment policies, strategies and restrictions, the Fund or the Adviser will consider the loaned securities as assets of the Fund, but will not consider any collateral received as a Fund asset. A Fund will bear any loss on the investment of cash collateral. A Fund may have to pay the borrower a fee based on the amount of cash collateral.

For a discussion of the federal income tax considerations relating to lending portfolio securities, see “Taxes.”

Leverage Risk. Leverage exists when a Fund can lose more than it originally invests because it purchases or sells an instrument or enters into a transaction without investing an amount equal to the full economic exposure of the instrument or transaction. Leverage may cause the portfolios of the Funds to be more volatile than if a portfolio had not been leveraged because leverage can exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of securities held by a Fund. The use of some derivatives may result in economic leverage, which does not result in the possibility of a Fund incurring obligations beyond its initial investment, but that nonetheless permits the Fund to gain exposure that is greater than would be the case in an unleveraged instrument.

LIBOR Transition Risk. A Fund may have investments in financial instruments that are exposed to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) as the reference or benchmark rate for variable interest rate calculations (including variable or floating rate debt securities or loans and derivatives such as interest rate futures or swaps). LIBOR was intended to measure the rate generally at which banks can lend and borrow from one another in the relevant currency on an unsecured basis. LIBOR was a common benchmark interest rate index used to make adjustments to variable-rate debt instruments, to determine interest rates for a variety of financial instruments and borrowing arrangements and as a reference rate in derivative contracts.

In the years following the 2008 financial crisis, the integrity of LIBOR was increasingly questioned because several banks contributing to its calculation were accused of rate manipulation and because of a general contraction in the unsecured interbank lending market. As a result, regulators and financial industry working groups in several jurisdictions have worked over the past several years to identify alternative reference rates (“ARRs”) to replace LIBOR and to assist with the transition to the new ARRs. The industry working group in the United States, the Alternative Reference Rate Committee, has recommended adoption of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as a replacement for U.S. Dollar (“USD”) LIBOR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of overnight borrowing of cash through repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities.

In connection with the LIBOR transition, on March 5, 2021 the UK Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), the regulator that oversees LIBOR, announced that the majority of LIBOR rates would cease to be published or would no longer be representative on January 1, 2022. Specifically, the publication of all settings of British Pound Sterling, Swiss Franc, Euro and Japanese Yen LIBOR, as well as the 1-week and 2-month settings of USD LIBOR were phased out at the end of 2021. The remaining settings of USD LIBOR, which are the most widely used in financial markets, ceased to be published after June 30, 2023. Key regulators had previously instructed banking institutions to cease entering into new contracts that reference these remaining USD LIBOR settings after December 31, 2021, subject to certain limited exceptions. The FCA will permit the use of synthetic USD LIBOR rates for non-U.S. contracts for a limited period of time after June 30, 2023, but any such rates would be considered non-representative of the underlying market.

While the transition process away from LIBOR has become increasingly well-defined, there remains uncertainty and risks relating to converting certain longer-term securities and transactions to a new ARR. For example, there can be no assurance that the composition or characteristics of any ARRs or financial instruments in which a Fund invests that utilize ARRs will be similar to or produce the same value or economic equivalence as LIBOR or that these instruments will have the same volume or liquidity. Additionally, although regulators have generally prohibited banking institutions from entering into new contracts that reference those USD LIBOR settings that continue to exist, there remains uncertainty and risks relating to certain “legacy” USD LIBOR instruments that were issued or entered into before December 31, 2021 and the process by which a replacement interest rate will be identified and implemented into these instruments. While some “legacy” USD LIBOR instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR is no longer available by providing for an alternative or “fallback” rate-setting methodology, there may be significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of such alternative or “fallback” methodologies to replicate USD LIBOR; other “legacy” USD LIBOR instruments may not include such “fallback” rate-setting provisions at all. While it is expected that market participants will amend legacy financial instruments referencing LIBOR to include such fallback provisions to ARRs, there remains uncertainty regarding the willingness and ability of parties to add or amend such fallback provisions in legacy instruments. On December 16, 2022, the Federal Reserve Board adopted regulations implementing the Adjustable Interest Rate Act. The regulations provide a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR, by identifying benchmark rates based on SOFR that replaced LIBOR in certain financial contracts after June 30, 2023. These regulations apply only to contracts governed by U.S. law, among other limitations. The regulations include provisions that (i) provide a safe harbor for selection or use of a replacement benchmark rate selected by the Federal Reserve Board; (ii) clarify who may choose the replacement benchmark rate selected by the Federal Reserve Board; and (iii) ensure that contracts adopting a replacement benchmark rate selected by the Federal Reserve Board will not be interrupted or terminated following the replacement of LIBOR; however there remains significant uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of any such legislation. The Funds may have instruments linked to other interbank offered rates that may also cease to be published in the future. All of the foregoing may adversely affect a Fund’s performance or NAV.

Loans. Invesco Senior Loan ETF may invest in loans. Loans consist generally of obligations of companies and other entities (collectively, “borrowers”) incurred for the purpose of reorganizing the assets and liabilities of a borrower; acquiring another company; taking over control of a company (leveraged buyout); temporary refinancing; or financing internal growth or other general business purposes. Loans often are obligations of borrowers who have incurred a significant percentage of debt compared to equity issued and thus are highly leveraged. All or a significant portion of the loans in which Invesco Senior Loan ETF will invest are expected to be below investment grade quality.

Loans may be acquired by direct investment as a lender at the inception of the loan or by assignment of a portion of a loan previously made to a different lender or by purchase of a participation interest. If a Fund makes a direct investment in a loan as one of the lenders, it generally acquires the loan at par. This means the Fund receives a return at the full interest rate for the loan. If the Fund acquires its interest in loans in the secondary market or acquires a participation interest, the loans may be purchased or sold above, at, or below par, which can result in a yield that is below, equal to, or above the stated interest rate of the loan. Invesco Senior Loan ETF generally will purchase loans from banks or other financial institutions through assignments or participations.

When a Fund acts as one of a group of lenders originating a senior loan, it may participate in structuring the senior loan and have a direct contractual relationship with the borrower, may enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement and may have rights with respect to any funds acquired by other lenders through set-offs. Lenders also have full voting and consent rights under the applicable loan agreement. Action subject to lender vote or consent generally requires the vote or consent of the holders of some specified percentage of the outstanding principal amount of the senior loan. Certain decisions, such as reducing the amount of interest on or principal of a senior loan, releasing collateral, changing the maturity of a senior loan or a change in control of the borrower, frequently require the unanimous vote or consent of all lenders affected.

When a Fund is a purchaser of an assignment, it succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement of the assigning lender and becomes a lender under the loan agreement with the same rights and obligations as the assigning lender. These rights include the ability to vote along with the other lenders on such matters as enforcing the terms of the loan agreement (e.g., declaring defaults, initiating collection action, etc.). Taking such actions typically requires at least a vote of the lenders holding a majority of the investment in the loan and may require a vote by lenders holding two-thirds or more of the investment in the loan. Because the Invesco Senior Loan ETF usually does not hold a majority of the investment in any loan, it will not be able by itself to control decisions that require a vote by the lenders. Assignments may be arranged through private negotiations and the rights and obligations acquired by the purchase of an assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning lender.

A participation interest represents a fractional interest in a loan held by the lender selling the Fund the participation interest. In the case of participations, Invesco Senior Loan ETF will not have any direct contractual relationship with the borrower, the Fund’s rights to consent to modifications of the loan are limited and it is dependent upon the participating lender to enforce the Fund’s rights upon a default. The Fund will have the right to receive payments of principal, interest, and any fees to which it is entitled only from the lender selling the participation and only upon receipt by the lender of the payments from the borrower.

Invesco Senior Loan ETF may be subject to the credit of both the agent and the lender from whom the Fund acquires a participation interest. These credit risks may include delay in receiving payments of principal and interest paid by the borrower to the agent or, in the case of a participation, offsets by the lender's regulator against payments received from the borrower. In the event of the borrower's bankruptcy, the borrower's obligation to repay the loan may be subject to defenses that the borrower can assert as a result of improper conduct by the agent.

Historically, the amount of public information available about a specific loan has been less extensive than if the loan were registered or exchange-traded.

The loans in which Invesco Senior Loan ETF will invest will, in most instances, be secured and senior to other indebtedness of the borrower. Each loan generally will be secured by collateral such as accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, real estate, intangible assets such as trademarks, copyrights and patents, and securities of subsidiaries or affiliates. Collateral also may include guarantees or other credit support by affiliates of the borrower. The value of the collateral generally will be determined by reference to financial statements of the borrower, by an independent appraisal, by obtaining the market value of such collateral, in the case of cash or securities if readily ascertainable, or by other customary valuation techniques considered appropriate by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser. The value of collateral may decline after the Fund's investment, and collateral may be difficult to sell in the event of default. Consequently, the Fund may not receive all the payments to which it is entitled. The loan agreement may or may not require the borrower to pledge additional collateral to secure the senior loan if the value of the initial collateral declines. In certain circumstances, the loan agreement may authorize the agent to liquidate the collateral and to distribute the liquidation proceeds pro rata among the lenders. By virtue of their senior position and collateral, senior loans typically provide lenders with the first right to cash flows or proceeds from the sale of a borrower's collateral if the borrower becomes insolvent (subject to the limitations of bankruptcy law, which may provide higher priority to certain claims such as employee salaries, employee pensions, and taxes). This means senior loans generally are repaid before unsecured bank loans, corporate bonds, subordinated debt, trade creditors, and preferred or common stockholders. To the extent that the Fund invests in unsecured loans, if the borrower defaults on such loan, there is no specific collateral on which the lender can foreclose. If the borrower defaults on a subordinated loan, the collateral may not be sufficient to cover both the senior and subordinated loans. In addition, if the loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral and could bear the costs and liabilities of owning and disposing of the collateral.

Invesco Senior Loan ETF may purchase and retain in its portfolio senior loans of borrowers that have filed for protection under the federal bankruptcy laws or that have had involuntary bankruptcy petitions filed against them by creditors. Investing in senior loans involves investment risk, and some borrowers default on their senior loan payments.

Senior loans typically pay interest at least quarterly at rates which equal a fixed percentage spread over a base rate such as SOFR (or, previously the LIBOR). For example, if SOFR were 3% and the borrower was paying a fixed spread of 2.50%, the total interest rate paid by the borrower would be 5.50%.

Although a base rate such as SOFR can change every day, loan agreements for senior loans typically allow the borrower the ability to choose how often the base rate for its loan will change. A single loan may have multiple reset periods at the same time, with each reset period applicable to a designated portion of the loan. Such periods can range from one day to one year, with most borrowers choosing monthly or quarterly reset periods. During periods of rising interest rates, borrowers will tend to choose longer reset periods, and during periods of declining interest rates, borrowers will tend to choose shorter reset periods. The fixed spread over the base rate on a senior loan typically does not change.

Senior loans usually have mandatory and optional prepayment provisions. Because of prepayments, the actual remaining maturity of senior loans may be considerably less than their stated maturity.

Senior loans generally are arranged through private negotiations between a borrower and several financial institutions represented by an agent who is usually one of the originating lenders. In larger transactions, it is common to have several agents; however, generally only one such agent has primary responsibility for ongoing administration of a senior loan. Agents typically are paid fees by the borrower for their services.

The agent is responsible primarily for negotiating the loan agreement which establishes the terms and conditions of the senior loan and the rights of the borrower and the lenders. The agent is paid a fee by the borrower for its services. The agent generally is required to administer and manage the senior loan on behalf of other lenders. The agent also is responsible for monitoring collateral and for exercising remedies available to the lenders such as foreclosure upon collateral. The agent may rely on independent appraisals of specific collateral. The agent need not, however, obtain an independent appraisal of assets pledged as collateral in all cases. The agent generally also is responsible for determining that the lenders have obtained a perfected security interest in the collateral securing a senior loan. Invesco Senior Loan ETF normally relies on the agent to collect principal of and interest on a senior loan. The Fund also relies in part on the agent to monitor compliance by the borrower with the restrictive covenants in the loan agreement, if any, and to notify the Fund (or the lender from whom the Fund has purchased a participation) of any adverse change in the borrower's financial condition. Insolvency of the agent or other persons positioned between the Fund and the borrower could result in losses for the Fund. Newly originated loans (including reissuances and restructured loans) may possess lower levels of credit document protections than has historically been the case. Accordingly, in the event of default the Fund may experience lower levels of recoveries than has historically been the norm.

Loan agreements may provide for the termination of the agent's agency status in the event that it fails to act as required under the relevant loan agreement, becomes insolvent, enters Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) receivership or, if not FDIC insured, enters into bankruptcy. Should such an agent, lender or assignor, with respect to an assignment interpositioned between Invesco Senior Loan ETF and the borrower, become insolvent or enter FDIC receivership or bankruptcy, any interest in the senior loan of such person and any loan payment held by such person for the benefit of the Fund should not be included in such person's or entity's bankruptcy estate. If, however, any such amount were included in such person's or entity's bankruptcy estate, the Fund would incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment or could suffer a loss of principal or interest. In this event, the Fund could experience a decrease in its NAV.

Most borrowers pay their debts from cash flow generated by their businesses. If a borrower's cash flow is insufficient to pay its debts, it may attempt to restructure its debts rather than sell collateral. Borrowers may try to restructure their debts by filing for protection under the federal bankruptcy laws or negotiating a work-out. If a borrower becomes involved in a bankruptcy proceeding, access to collateral may be limited by bankruptcy and other laws. If a court decides that access to collateral is limited or void, the Fund may not recover the full amount of principal and interest that is due.

A borrower must comply with certain restrictive covenants contained in the loan agreement. In addition to requiring the scheduled payment of principal and interest, these covenants may include restrictions on the

payment of dividends and other distributions to the borrower's shareholders, provisions requiring compliance with specific financial ratios, and limits on total indebtedness. The agreement also may require the prepayment of the loans from excess cash flow. A breach of a covenant that is not waived by the agent (or lenders directly) is normally an event of default, which provides the agent and lenders the right to call for repayment of the outstanding loan.

Over time, the customary terms of loans have evolved such that they are no longer accompanied by the various restrictive covenants that historically accompanied most loans and that were in favor of the investor. Newly originated loans (including reissuances and restructured loans) in which a Fund may invest have varied terms and conditions, but generally contain few or no financial maintenance covenants. "Financial maintenance covenants" are those that require a borrower to maintain certain financial metrics during the life of the loan, such as maintaining certain levels of cash flow or limiting leverage. In the event of financial deterioration on the part of the borrower, these covenants are included to permit the lenders to renegotiate the terms of the loan, such as increasing the borrowing costs to the borrower, or to take other actions which would improve the position of the lender. Accordingly, the Fund may experience difficulty or delays in enforcing its rights on its holdings of loans, which may result in losses to the Fund, especially during a downturn in the credit cycle. Although loans may contain few or no financial maintenance covenants, information necessary to monitor a borrower's financial performance may be available without covenants to lenders and the public alike, and can be used to detect such early warning signs as deterioration of a borrower's financial condition or results. When such information is available, the Adviser will seek to take appropriate action without the help of covenants in the loans.

In the process of buying, selling and holding senior loans, Invesco Senior Loan ETF may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees. Facility fees are paid to lenders when a senior loan is originated. Commitment fees are paid to lenders on an ongoing basis based on the unused portion of a senior loan commitment. Lenders may receive prepayment penalties when a borrower prepays a senior loan. Whether the Fund receives a facility fee in the case of an assignment, or any fees in the case of a participation, depends on negotiations between the Fund and the lender selling such interests. When the Fund buys an assignment, it may be required to pay a fee to the lender selling the assignment, or to forgo a portion of interest and fees payable to the Fund. Occasionally, the assignor pays a fee to the assignee. A person selling a participation to the Fund may deduct a portion of the interest and any fees payable to the Fund as an administrative fee.

Notwithstanding its intention in certain situations not to receive material, non-public information with respect to its management of investments in loans, the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser may from time to time come into possession of material, non-public information about the issuers of loans that may be held in the Fund's portfolio. Possession of such information may in some instances occur despite the Adviser's or the Sub-Adviser's efforts to avoid such possession, but in other instances the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser may choose to receive such information (for example, in connection with participation in a creditors' committee with respect to a financially distressed issuer). The Adviser's or the Sub-Adviser's ability to trade in these loans for the account of the Fund could potentially be limited by its possession of such information. Such limitations on the Adviser's or the Sub-Adviser's ability to trade could have an adverse effect on the Fund by, for example, preventing the Fund from selling a loan that is experiencing a material decline in value. In some instances, these trading restrictions could continue in effect for a substantial period of time.

Loans might not be considered securities for purposes of the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and therefore a risk exists that purchasers may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud provisions of those Acts. An increase in demand for loans may benefit the Invesco Senior Loan ETF by providing increased liquidity for such loans and higher sales prices, but it also may adversely affect the rate of interest payable on such loans acquired by the Fund and the rights provided to the Fund under the terms of the applicable loan agreement, and may increase the price of loans that the Fund wishes to purchase in the secondary market. A decrease in the demand for loans may adversely affect the price of loans in the Fund's portfolio, which could cause the Fund's NAV to decline.

Invesco Senior Loan ETF generally will sell loans it holds by way of an assignment but may at any time facilitate its ability to fund redemption requests by selling participation interests in such loans. The Fund may be required to pass along to a person that buys a loan from the Fund by way of assignment or participation interest a portion of any fees to which the Fund is entitled.

Changing Interest Rates. In a low or negative interest rate environment, debt securities may trade at, or be issued with, negative yields, which means the purchaser of the security may receive at maturity less than the total amount invested. In addition, in a negative interest rate environment, if a bank charges negative interest, instead of receiving interest on deposits, a depositor must pay the bank fees to keep money with the bank. To the extent a Fund holds a negatively-yielding debt security or has a bank deposit with a negative interest rate, the Fund would generate a negative return on that investment. Cash positions may also subject a Fund to increased counterparty risk to the Fund's bank. Debt market conditions are highly unpredictable and some parts of the market are subject to dislocations. In the past, the U.S. government and certain foreign central banks have taken steps to stabilize markets by, among other things, reducing interest rates. To the extent such actions are pursued, they present heightened risks to debt securities, and such risks could be even further heightened if these actions are unexpectedly or suddenly reversed or are ineffective in achieving their desired outcomes. In recent years, the U.S. government began implementing increases to the federal funds interest rate and may implement further rate increases. As interest rates rise, there is risk that rates across the financial system also may rise. To the extent rates increase substantially and/or rapidly, a Fund may be subject to significant losses.

In a low or negative interest rate environment, some investors may seek to reallocate assets to other income-producing assets. This may cause the price of such higher yielding instruments to rise, could further reduce the value of instruments with a negative yield, and may limit a Fund's ability to locate fixed income instruments containing the desired risk/return profile. Changing interest rates, including, rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on the markets and may expose fixed income markets to heightened volatility, increased redemptions, and potential illiquidity.

With respect to a money market fund, which seeks to maintain a stable $1.00 price per share, a low or negative interest rate environment could impact the money market fund’s ability to maintain a stable $1.00 share price. During a low or negative interest rate environment, such money market fund may reduce the number of shares outstanding on a pro rata basis through reverse stock splits, negative dividends or other mechanisms to seek to maintain a stable $1.00 price per share, to the extent permissible by applicable law and its organizational documents. Alternatively, the money market fund may discontinue using the amortized cost method of valuation to maintain a stable $1.00 price per share and establish a fluctuating NAV per share rounded to four decimal places by using available market quotations or equivalents.

Portfolio Turnover Risk. A Fund may engage in active and frequent trading of its portfolio securities to reflect the rebalancing of the Underlying Index. A portfolio turnover rate of 200%, for example, is equivalent to a Fund buying and selling all of its securities two times during the course of the year. A high portfolio turnover rate (such as 100% or more) could result in high brokerage costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account.

Money Market Instruments. Each Fund may invest a portion of its assets in high-quality money market instruments on an ongoing basis to provide liquidity. The instruments in which a Fund may invest include: (i) short-term obligations issued by the U.S. government; (ii) negotiable certificates of deposit (“CDs”), fixed time deposits and bankers' acceptances of U.S. and foreign banks and similar institutions; (iii) commercial paper rated at the date of purchase “Prime-1” by Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or “A-1+” or “A-1” by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (“S&P”) or has a similar rating from a comparable rating agency, or if unrated, of comparable quality as the Adviser or Sub-Adviser determines; (iv) repurchase agreements; and (v) money market mutual funds, including affiliated money market funds. CDs are short-term negotiable obligations of commercial banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated interest rates. Banker's acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with international transactions.

Municipal Insurance. A municipal security may be covered by insurance that guarantees the bond's scheduled payment of interest and repayment of principal. This type of insurance may be obtained by either (i) the issuer at the time the bond is issued (primary market insurance), or (ii) another party after the bond has been issued (secondary market insurance).

Both primary and secondary market insurance guarantee timely and scheduled repayment of all principal and payment of all interest on a municipal security in the event of default by the issuer and cover a municipal security to its maturity, thereby enhancing its credit quality and value.

Municipal security insurance does not insure against market fluctuations or fluctuations in a Fund's Share price. In addition, a municipal security insurance policy will not cover: (i) repayment of a municipal security before maturity (redemption), (ii) prepayment or payment of an acceleration premium (except for a mandatory sinking fund redemption) or any other provision of a bond indenture that advances the maturity of the bond, or (iii) nonpayment of principal or interest caused by negligence or bankruptcy of the paying agent. A mandatory sinking fund redemption may be a provision of a municipal security issue whereby part of the municipal security issue may be retired before maturity.

Because a significant portion of the municipal securities issued and outstanding is insured by a small number of insurance companies, an event involving one or more of these insurance companies could have a significant adverse effect on the value of the securities insured by that insurance company and on the municipal markets as a whole.

Municipal Securities. Certain Funds may invest in securities issued by states, municipalities and other political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities of states and multi-state agencies or authorities. Municipal securities share the attributes of debt/fixed-income securities in general, but generally are issued by states, municipalities and other political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities of states and multi-state agencies or authorities. The municipal securities which these Funds may purchase include general obligation bonds and limited obligation bonds (or revenue bonds), including industrial development bonds issued pursuant to former federal tax law that pay interest monthly or quarterly based on a floating rate that is reset daily or weekly based on an index of short-term municipal rates. General obligation bonds are obligations involving the credit of an issuer possessing taxing power and are payable from such issuer's general revenues and not from any particular source. Limited obligation bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Industrial development bonds also generally are revenue bonds and thus are not payable from the issuer's general revenues. The credit and quality of industrial development bonds usually are related to the credit of the corporate user of the facilities. Payment of interest on and repayment of principal of such bonds is the responsibility of the corporate user (and/or any guarantor). In addition, certain Funds may invest in lease obligations. Lease obligations may take the form of a lease or an installment purchase contract issued by public authorities to acquire a wide variety of equipment and facilities.

An investment in these Funds should be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in municipal securities. An issuer may have the right to redeem or “call” a bond before maturity, in which case the investor may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower market rates. Most bonds bear interest income at a “coupon” rate that is fixed for the life of the bond; however, with respect to Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF, the bonds in which that Fund invests pay interest monthly or quarterly based on a floating rate that is reset daily or weekly based on an index of short-term municipal rates. The value of a fixed rate bond usually rises when market interest rates fall and falls when market interest rates rise. Accordingly, a fixed rate bond’s yield (income as a percent of the bond’s current value) may differ from its coupon rate as its value rises or falls. Unlike fixed rate bonds, since the bonds in which Invesco Floating Rate Municipal Income ETF invests bear income at an interest rate that is adjusted periodically, the value of the underlying “variable-rate” bonds will fluctuate much less in response to market interest rate movements than the value of fixed rate bonds because of their adjustable interest rates.

The Funds may treat some of these bonds as having a shorter maturity for purposes of calculating the weighted average maturity of its investment portfolio. Generally, prices of higher quality issues tend to

fluctuate more with changes in market interest rates than prices of lower quality issues and prices of longer maturity issues tend to fluctuate more than prices of shorter maturity issues. Bonds may be senior or subordinated obligations. Senior obligations generally have the first claim on a corporation’s earnings and assets and, in the event of liquidation, are paid before subordinated obligations. Bonds may be unsecured (backed only by the issuer’s general creditworthiness) or secured (also backed by specified collateral).

The market for municipal bonds may be less liquid than for non-municipal bonds. There also may be less information available on the financial condition of issuers of municipal securities than for public corporations. This means that it may be harder to buy and sell municipal securities, especially on short notice, and municipal securities may be more difficult for Funds to value accurately than securities of public corporations. Since certain Funds may invest a significant portion of their portfolio in municipal securities, each such Fund’s portfolio may have greater exposure to liquidity risk than a Fund that invests in non-municipal securities.

Some longer-term municipal securities give the investor the right to “put” or sell the security at par (face value) within a specified number of days following the investor’s request—usually one to seven days. This demand feature enhances a security’s liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables it to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, a Fund would hold the longer-term security, which could experience substantially more volatility.

Municipal securities are subject to credit and market risk. Generally, prices of higher quality issues tend to fluctuate more with changes in market interest rates than prices of lower quality issues and prices of longer maturity issues tend to fluctuate more than prices of shorter maturity issues.

Prices and yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including general money market conditions, the financial condition of the issuer, general conditions of the municipal security market, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. A number of these factors, including the ratings of particular issues, are subject to change from time to time.

Lease obligations may have risks normally not associated with general obligation or other revenue bonds. Leases and installment purchase or conditional sale contracts (which may provide for title to the leased asset to pass eventually to the issuer) have developed as a means for governmental issuers to acquire property and equipment without the necessity of complying with the constitutional statutory requirements generally applicable for the issuance of debt. Certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses that provide that the governmental issuer has no obligation to make future payments under the lease or contract unless money is appropriated for that purpose by the appropriate legislative body on an annual or other periodic basis. Consequently, continued lease payments on those lease obligations containing “non-appropriation” clauses are dependent on future legislative actions. If these legislative actions do not occur, the holders of the lease obligation may experience difficulty in exercising their rights, including disposition of the property.

The value of municipal securities may be affected by uncertainties in the municipal market related to legislation or litigation involving the taxation of municipal securities or the rights of municipal securities holders in the event of a bankruptcy. Proposals to restrict or eliminate the federal income tax exemption for interest on municipal securities are introduced before Congress from time to time. Proposals also may be introduced before state legislatures that would affect the state tax treatment of a municipal fund’s distributions. If such proposals were enacted, the availability of municipal securities and the value of a municipal fund’s holdings would be affected, and the investment objective and policies of certain Funds would need to be reevaluated. Municipal bankruptcies are relatively rare, and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcies are unclear and remain untested. Further, the application of state law to municipal issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal securities issuers within a state. These legal uncertainties could affect the municipal securities market generally, certain specific segments of the market, or the relative credit quality of particular securities. There also is the possibility that as a result of litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of issuers to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal on their municipal securities may be materially affected or their obligations may be found to be invalid or unenforceable. Such litigation or conditions may, from time to time, have the effect of introducing uncertainties in the market for municipal securities or certain segments thereof, or of materially affecting the credit risk with respect to particular bonds. Adverse economic, business, legal or political developments might

affect all or a substantial portion of the Funds’ municipal securities in the same manner. Any of these effects could have a significant impact on the prices of some or all of the municipal securities held by the Funds.

There is no guarantee that the relevant Funds’ income will be exempt from federal or state income taxes. Events occurring after the date of issuance of a municipal bond or after a Fund’s acquisition of a municipal bond may result in a determination that interest on that bond is includible in gross income for federal income tax purposes retroactively to its date of issuance. Such a determination may cause a portion of prior distributions by the Fund to its shareholders to be taxable to those shareholders in the year of receipt. Federal or state changes in income or alternative minimum tax rates or in the tax treatment of municipal bonds may make municipal bonds less attractive as investments and cause them to lose value.

Other Investment Companies. Unless otherwise indicated in this SAI or in a Fund’s Prospectus, a Fund may purchase shares of other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), non-exchange traded U.S. registered open-end investment companies (mutual funds), closed-end investment companies, or non-U.S. investment companies traded on foreign exchanges. When a Fund purchases shares of another investment company, the Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of the advisory fees and other operating expenses of such investment company and will be subject to the risks associated with the portfolio investments of the underlying investment company.

The investment companies in which a Fund invests may have adopted certain investment restrictions that are more or less restrictive than the Fund’s investment restrictions, which may permit the Fund to engage in investment strategies indirectly that are prohibited under the Fund’s investment restrictions. For example, to the extent a Fund invests in underlying investment companies that concentrate their investments in an industry, a corresponding portion of the Fund’s assets may be indirectly exposed to that particular industry. The investment companies in which a Fund may invest include index-based investment companies. The main risk of investing in index-based investment companies is the same as investing in a portfolio of securities comprising an index. The market prices of index-based investments will fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the market value of their underlying portfolio securities and due to supply and demand for the instruments on the exchanges on which they are traded. Index-based investments may not replicate exactly the performance of their specified index because of transaction costs and because of the temporary unavailability of certain component securities of the index.

A Fund’s investment in the securities of other investment companies is subject to the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder. Specifically, Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act contains various limitations on the ability of a registered investment company (an “acquiring fund”) to acquire shares of another registered investment company (an “acquired fund”). Under these limits, an acquiring fund generally cannot (i) purchase more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of an acquired fund; (ii) invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities issued by an acquired company; and (iii) invest more than 10% of its total assets in securities issued by other investment companies. Likewise, an acquired fund, as well as its principal underwriter or any broker or dealer registered under the Exchange Act, cannot knowingly sell more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of the acquired fund to an acquiring fund, or more than 10% of the total outstanding voting stock of the acquired fund to acquiring funds generally.

Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act allows a fund to acquire the securities of another investment company in excess of the limitations imposed by Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act without obtaining an exemptive order from the SEC, subject to certain limitations and conditions. Among those conditions is the requirement that, prior to a fund relying on Rule 12d1-4 to acquire securities of another fund in excess of the limits of Section 12(d)(1), the acquiring fund must enter into a Fund of Funds Agreement with the acquired fund. (This requirement does not apply when the acquiring fund’s investment adviser acts as the acquired fund’s investment adviser and does not act as sub-adviser to either fund.)

Rule 12d1-4 also is designed to limit the use of complex fund structures. Under Rule 12d1-4, an acquired fund is prohibited from purchasing or otherwise acquiring the securities of another investment company or private fund if, immediately after the purchase or acquisition, the securities of investment companies and private funds owned by the acquired fund have an aggregate value in excess of 10% of the value of the acquired fund’s total assets, subject to certain limited exceptions. Accordingly, to the extent a Fund’s shares

are sold to other investment companies in reliance on Rule 12d1-4, the Fund will be limited in the amount it could invest in other investment companies and private funds.

In addition to Rule 12d1-4, the 1940 Act and related rules provide other exemptions from these restrictions. For example, these limitations do not apply to investments by a Fund in investment companies that are money market funds, including money market funds that have the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser as an investment adviser.

Ratings. An investment grade rating means the security or issuer is rated investment-grade by S&P, Moody's, Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”) or another nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or is unrated but considered to be of equivalent quality by the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser, as applicable. Bonds rated Baa3 or higher by Moody's or BBB- or higher by S&P or Fitch are considered “investment grade” securities; bonds rated Baa3 by Moody’s are considered medium grade obligations which lack outstanding investment characteristics and have speculative characteristics; and bonds rated BBB- by S&P or Fitch are regarded as having adequate capacity to pay principal and interest.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”). REITs pool investors’ funds for investments primarily in real estate properties to the extent allowed by law. Investment in REITs may be the most practical available means for a Fund to invest in the real estate industry. As a shareholder in a REIT, a Fund would bear its ratable share of the REIT’s expenses, including its advisory and administration fees. At the same time, a Fund would continue to pay its own investment advisory fees and any other expenses not included in its advisory fees, as a result of which the Fund and its shareholders in effect will be absorbing duplicate levels of fees with respect to investments in REITs. A REIT may focus on particular projects, such as apartment complexes, or geographic regions, such as the southeastern United States, or both.

REITs generally can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. Equity REITs generally invest a majority of their assets in income-producing real estate properties to generate cash flow from rental income and a gradual asset appreciation. The income-producing real estate properties in which equity REITs invest typically include properties such as office, retail, industrial, hotel and apartment buildings, self-storage, specialty and diversified and healthcare facilities. Equity REITs can realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive their income primarily from interest payments on the mortgages. Hybrid REITs combine the characteristics of both equity REITs and mortgage REITs.

REITs can be listed and traded on national securities exchanges or can be traded privately between individual owners. The Funds may invest in both publicly and privately traded REITs.

A Fund conceivably could own real estate directly as a result of a default on the securities it owns. A Fund, therefore, may be subject to certain risks associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including difficulties in valuing and trading real estate, declines in the values of real estate, risks related to general and local economic conditions, adverse changes in the climate for real estate, environmental liability risks, increases in property taxes, capital expenditures and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, limitations on rents, changes in neighborhood values, the appeal of properties to tenants and increases in interest rates.

In addition to the risks described above, equity REITs may be affected by any changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the trusts, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Equity and mortgage REITs depend upon management skill, are not diversified and are therefore subject to the risk of financing single or a limited number of projects. Such REITs also are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation and the possibility of failing to maintain an exemption from the 1940 Act. Changes in interest rates also may affect the value of debt securities held by a Fund. By investing in REITs indirectly through a Fund, a shareholder will bear not only his/her proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also, indirectly, similar expenses of the REITs.

Repurchase Agreements. The Funds may enter into repurchase agreements, which are agreements pursuant to which a Fund acquires securities from a third party with the understanding that the seller will repurchase them at a fixed price on an agreed date. These agreements may be made with respect to any of

the portfolio securities in which a Fund is authorized to invest. Repurchase agreements may be characterized as loans secured by the underlying securities. Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with (i) member banks of the Federal Reserve System having total assets in excess of $500 million and (ii) securities dealers (“Qualified Institutions”). The Adviser will monitor the continued creditworthiness of Qualified Institutions.

The use of repurchase agreements involves certain risks. For example, if the seller of securities under a repurchase agreement defaults on its obligation to repurchase the underlying securities, as a result of its bankruptcy or otherwise, a Fund will seek to dispose of such securities, which could involve costs or delays. If the seller becomes insolvent and subject to liquidation or reorganization under applicable bankruptcy or other laws, a Fund's ability to dispose of the underlying securities may be restricted. Finally, a Fund may not be able to substantiate its interest in the underlying securities. If the seller fails to repurchase the securities, a Fund may suffer a loss to the extent proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities are less than the repurchase price.

The resale price reflects the purchase price plus an agreed upon market rate of interest. The securities underlying a repurchase agreement will be marked-to-market every business day, and if the value of the securities falls below a specified percentage of the repurchase price (typically 102%), the counterparty will be required to deliver additional collateral to a Fund in the form of cash or additional securities. Custody of the securities will be maintained by a Fund's custodian or sub-custodian for the duration of the agreement.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. Certain Funds may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, which involve the sale of securities by a Fund to financial institutions such as banks and broker-dealers with an agreement by a Fund to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price and date (or upon demand). During the reverse repurchase agreement period, a Fund continues to receive interest and principal payments on the securities sold, but pays interest to the other party on the proceeds received. Reverse repurchase agreements are a form of leverage and involve the risk that the market value of securities to be repurchased by a Fund may decline below the price at which the Fund is obligated to repurchase the securities, resulting in a requirement for the Fund to deliver margin to the other party in the amount of the related shortfall, or that the other party may default on its obligation so that the Fund is delayed or prevented from completing the transaction. Leverage may make the Fund's returns more volatile and increase the risk of loss. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, a Fund's use of the proceeds from the sale of the securities may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce the Fund's obligation to repurchase the securities. The Funds intend to use the reverse repurchase technique only when the Adviser believes it will be advantageous to a Fund.

Rule 144A Securities and Other Exempt Securities Risk. A Fund may invest in Rule 144A securities and other types of exempt securities, which are not registered for sale pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act. These securities are also known as privately issued securities, and typically may be resold only to qualified institutional buyers, or in a privately negotiated transaction, or to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified period of time and other conditions are met for an exemption from registration. Although such securities may be determined to be liquid in accordance with the requirements of Rule 22e-4 under the 1940 Act, if there are an insufficient number of qualified institutional buyers interested in purchasing such securities at a particular time, a Fund may have difficulty selling such securities at a desirable time or price. As a result, a Fund's investment in such securities may be subject to increased liquidity risk. In addition, the issuers of Rule 144A securities may require their qualified institutional buyers (such as a Fund) to keep certain offering information confidential, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to sell such securities.

Political and Economic Risk. The economies of many countries may not be as developed as that of the United States' economy and may be subject to significantly different forces. Political, economic or social instability and development, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, and limitations on the removal of funds or other assets could also adversely affect the value of portfolio investments. Certain foreign companies may be subject to sanctions, embargoes, or other governmental actions that may impair or otherwise limit the ability to

invest in, receive, hold or sell the securities of such companies. These factors may affect the value of investments in those companies. Certain companies may operate in, or have dealings with, countries that the U.S. government has identified as state sponsors of terrorism. As a result, such companies may be subject to specific constraints or regulations under U.S. law and, additionally, may be subject to negative investor perception, either of which could adversely affect such companies' performance. Further, war and military conflict between countries or in a region, for example the current conflicts in the Ukraine and Middle East, may have an impact on the value of portfolio investments.

Risks Related to Russian Invasion of Ukraine. In late February 2022, Russian military forces invaded Ukraine, significantly amplifying already existing geopolitical tensions among Russia, Ukraine, Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and the West. Russia’s invasion, the responses of countries and political bodies to Russia’s actions, and the potential for wider conflict may increase financial market volatility and could have severe adverse effects on regional and global economic markets, including the markets for certain securities and commodities such as oil and natural gas.

Following Russia’s actions, various countries, including the U.S., Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, among others, as well as the European Union, issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia. The sanctions freeze certain Russian assets and prohibit trading by individuals and entities in certain Russian securities, engaging in certain private transactions, and doing business with certain Russian corporate entities, large financial institutions, officials and oligarchs. The sanctions include a commitment by certain countries and the European Union to remove selected Russian banks from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications, commonly called “SWIFT,” the electronic network that connects banks globally, and imposed restrictive measures to prevent the Russian Central Bank from undermining the impact of the sanctions. A number of large corporations have since withdrawn from Russia or suspended or curtailed their Russia-based operations.

The imposition of these current sanctions (and the potential for further sanctions in response to Russia’s continued military activity) and other actions undertaken by countries and businesses may adversely impact various sectors of the Russian economy, including but not limited to, the financials, energy, metals and mining, engineering, and defense and defense-related materials sectors. Such actions also may result in the decline of the value and liquidity of Russian securities, a weakening of the ruble, and could impair the ability of a Fund to buy, sell, receive, or deliver those securities. Moreover, the measures could adversely affect global financial and energy markets and thereby negatively affect the value of a Fund’s investments beyond any direct exposure to Russian issuers or those of adjoining geographic regions.

In response to sanctions, the Russian Central Bank raised its interest rates and banned sales of local securities by foreigners. Russia also prevented the export of certain goods and payments to foreign shareholders of Russian securities. Russia may take additional countermeasures or retaliatory actions, which may further impair the value and liquidity of Russian securities and Fund investments. Such actions could, for example, include restricting gas exports to other countries, the seizure of U.S. and European residents’ assets, or undertaking or provoking other military conflict elsewhere in Europe, any of which could exacerbate negative consequences on global financial markets and the economy. The actions discussed above could have a negative effect on the performance of Funds that have exposure to Russia. While diplomatic efforts have been ongoing, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine is unpredictable and has the potential to result in broader military actions. The duration of the ongoing conflict and corresponding sanctions and related events cannot be predicted and may result in a negative impact on Fund performance and the value of Fund investments, particularly as it relates to Russian exposure.

Due to difficulties transacting in impacted securities, a Fund’s Underlying Index may remove such securities or implement caps on the securities as a result of the actions described above. Consequently, a Fund may experience challenges liquidating the applicable positions and/or sampling the Underlying Index to continue to seek the Fund’s investment objective. Such circumstances may lead to increased tracking error between a Fund’s performance and the performance of its Underlying Index. Additionally, due to current and

potential future sanctions or potential market closures impacting the ability to trade Russian securities, a Fund may experience higher transaction costs and/or Shares may trade at a premium or discount to the Fund’s NAV.

Structured Notes. A structured note is a derivative security for which the amount of principal repayment and/or interest payments is based on the movement of one or more “factors.” These factors include, but are not limited to, currency exchange rates, interest rates (such as the prime lending rate or SOFR), referenced bonds and stock indices. Some of these factors may or may not correlate to the total rate of return on one or more underlying instruments referenced in such notes. Investments in structured notes involve risks including interest rate risk, credit risk and market risk. Depending on the factor(s) used and the use of multipliers or deflators, changes in interest rates and movement of such factor(s) may cause significant price fluctuations. Structured notes may be less liquid than other types of securities and more volatile than the reference factor underlying the note. This means that the Funds may lose money if the issuer of the note defaults, as the Funds may not be able to readily close out its investment in such notes without incurring losses.

Swap Agreements. Certain Funds may enter into swap agreements, including, but not limited to, total return swaps, index swaps, interest rate swaps, municipal market data rate locks and credit default swaps. A Fund may utilize swap agreements in an attempt to gain exposure to the securities in a market without actually purchasing those securities, or to hedge a position. Swap agreements are contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a day to more than one-year and may be negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested in a “basket” of securities or ETFs. Forms of swap agreements include (i) interest rate caps, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates exceed a specified rate, or “cap,” (ii) interest rate floors, under which, in return for a premium, one party agrees to make payments to the other to the extent that interest rates fall below a specified level, or “floor”, and (iii) interest rate collars, under which a party sells a cap and purchases a floor or vice versa in an attempt to protect itself against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.

Another form of swap agreement is a credit default swap. A credit default swap enables a Fund to buy or sell protection against a defined credit event of an issuer or a basket of securities or ETFs. Generally, the seller of credit protection against an issuer or basket of securities receives a periodic payment to compensate against potential default events. If a default event occurs, the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the reference obligation in exchange for the reference obligation. If no default occurs, the counterparty will pay the stream of payments and have no further obligations to the Fund selling the credit protection.

In contrast, the buyer of a credit default swap would have the right to deliver a referenced debt obligation and receive the par (or other agreed-upon) value of such debt obligation from the counterparty in the event of a default or other credit event (such as a credit downgrade) by the reference issuer, such as a U.S. or foreign corporation, with respect to its debt obligations. In return, the buyer of the credit protection would pay the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the counterparty would keep the stream of payments and would have no further obligations to the Fund purchasing the credit protection.

A Fund also may enhance income by selling credit protection or attempt to mitigate credit risk by buying protection. Credit default swaps could result in losses if the creditworthiness of an issuer or a basket of securities is not accurately evaluated.

Most swap agreements (but generally not credit default swaps) that a Fund might enter into require the parties to calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a “net basis.” Swap agreements may not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Consequently, a Fund's obligations (or rights) and risk of loss under such a swap agreement would generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or

received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”). Other swap agreements, such as credit default swaps, may require initial premium (discount) payments as well as periodic payments (receipts) related to the interest leg of the swap or to the default of a reference obligation.

Because they may be two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid for a Fund's illiquid investment limitations. A Fund would not enter into any swap agreement unless the Adviser believes that the other party to the transaction is creditworthy. A Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty, or in the case of a credit default swap in which a Fund is selling credit protection, the default of a third party issuer.

A Fund may enter into swap agreements to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of the underlying securities in circumstances in which direct investment is restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise impracticable. The counterparty to any swap agreement would typically be a bank, investment banking firm or broker-dealer or, in the case of a cleared swap, the clearinghouse. The counterparty would generally agree to pay a Fund the amount, if any, by which the notional amount of the swap agreement would have increased in value had it been invested in the particular stocks, plus the dividends that would have been received on those stocks. The Fund would agree to pay to the counterparty a floating rate of interest on the notional amount of the swap agreement plus the amount, if any, by which the notional amount would have decreased in value had it been invested in such stocks. Therefore, the return to a Fund on any swap agreement should be the gain or loss on the notional amount plus dividends on the stocks less the interest paid by the Fund on the notional amount.

Swap agreements typically are settled on a net basis (but generally not credit default swaps), which means that the two payment streams are netted out, with a Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Payments may be made at the conclusion of a swap agreement or periodically during its term.

Other swap agreements, such as credit default swaps, may require initial premium (discount) payments as well as periodic payments (receipts) related to the interest leg of the swap or to the default of a reference obligation. A Fund will reserve assets necessary to meet any accrued payment obligations when it is the buyer of a credit default swap. In cases where a Fund is the seller of a credit default swap, if the credit default swap provides for physical settlement, the Fund will reserve the full notional amount of the credit default swap.

A Fund may also enter into swaps on an index, including credit default index swaps (“CDX”), which are swaps on an index of credit default swaps. For example, a commercial mortgage-backed index (“CMBX”) is a type of CDX made up of 25 tranches of commercial mortgage-backed securities rather than credit default swaps. Unlike other CDX contracts where credit events are intended to capture an event of default, CMBX involves a pay-as-you-go settlement process designed to capture non-default events that affect the cash flow of the reference obligation. Pay-as-you-go settlement involves ongoing, two-way payments over the life of a contract between the buyer and the seller of protection and is designed to closely mirror the cash flow of a portfolio of cash commercial mortgage-backed securities.

The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with the markets for other similar instruments that are traded in the OTC market. The Adviser under the supervision of the Board, is responsible for determining and monitoring the liquidity of Fund transactions in swap agreements.

Certain standardized swaps are subject to mandatory central clearing. Central clearing is expected to reduce counterparty credit risk and increase liquidity, but central clearing does not make swap transactions risk-free. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and related regulatory developments will ultimately require the clearing and exchange-trading of many OTC derivative instruments that the CFTC and SEC recently defined as “swaps.” Mandatory exchange-trading and clearing will occur on a phased-in basis based on the type of market participant and CFTC approval of contracts for central clearing.

The Adviser will continue to monitor developments in this area, particularly to the extent regulatory changes affect the ability of the Funds to enter into swap agreements. Depending on a Fund's size and other factors, the margin required under the rules of the clearinghouse and by the clearing member may be in excess of the collateral required to be posted by a Fund to support its obligations under a similar bilateral swap. However, regulators are expected to adopt rules imposing certain margin requirements, including minimums, on uncleared swaps in the near future, which could change this comparison. Regulators are in the process of developing rules that would require trading and execution of most liquid swaps on trading facilities. Moving trading to an exchange-type system may increase market transparency and liquidity but may require a Fund to incur increased expenses to access the same types of swaps. Rules adopted in 2012 also require centralized reporting of detailed information about many types of cleared and uncleared swaps. Reporting of swap data may result in greater market transparency, but may subject a Fund to additional administrative burdens and the safeguards established to protect trader anonymity may not function as expected. Swaps traded in the OTC market are subject to margin requirements which, once implemented, may increase the cost to the Fund of engaging in such transactions.

The use of swap agreements, including credit default swaps, is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If a counterparty's creditworthiness declines, the value of the swap would likely decline. Moreover, there is no guarantee that a Fund could eliminate its exposure under an outstanding swap agreement by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same or another party.

Risks of Swap Agreements. The risk of loss with respect to swaps generally is limited to the net amount of payments that a Fund is contractually obligated to make. Swap agreements are subject to the risk that the swap counterparty will default on its obligations. If such a default were to occur, a Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. However, such remedies may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws that could affect a Fund’s rights as a creditor (e.g., the Fund may not receive the net amount of payments that it contractually is entitled to receive). Swaps could result in losses for a Fund if the underlying asset or reference does not perform as anticipated. Total return swaps can have the potential for unlimited losses. Whether a Fund’s use of swap agreements enhance the Fund’s total return will depend on the Adviser’s ability correctly to predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. Because they are two-party contracts and may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, a Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty.

U.S. Government Obligations. Certain Funds may invest in short-term U.S. government obligations. U.S. government obligations are a type of bond and include securities issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities. These include bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury, as well as “stripped” or “zero coupon” U.S. Treasury obligations representing future interest or principal payments on U.S. Treasury notes or bonds.

Stripped securities are created when the issuer separates the interest and principal components of an instrument and sells them as separate securities. In general, one security is entitled to receive the interest payments on the underlying assets (the interest only or “IO” security) and the other to receive the principal payments (the principal only or “PO” security). Some stripped securities may receive a combination of interest and principal payments. The yields to maturity on IOs and POs are sensitive to the expected or anticipated rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying assets, and principal payments may have a material effect on yield to maturity. If the underlying assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may not fully recoup its initial investment in IOs. Conversely, if the underlying assets experience less than anticipated prepayments of principal, the yield on POs could be adversely affected. Stripped securities may be highly sensitive to changes in interest rates and rates of prepayment.

Short-term obligations of certain agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S.

Treasury; others, such as those of the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the former Student Loan Marketing Association (“SLMA”), are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agency’s obligations; still others, although issued by an instrumentality chartered by the U.S. government, like the Federal Farm Credit Bureau (“FFCB”), are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality.

In 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) placed Fannie Mae and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) into conservatorship. Since that time, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have received significant capital support through U.S. Treasury preferred stock purchases as well as U.S. Treasury and Federal Reserve purchases of their mortgage-backed securities. While the purchase programs for mortgage-backed securities ended in 2010, the U.S. Treasury continued its support for the entities’ capital as necessary to prevent a negative net worth. However, no assurance can be given that the Federal Reserve, U.S. Treasury, or FHFA initiatives discussed above will ensure that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will remain successful in meeting their obligations with respect to the debt and mortgage-backed securities they issue. In addition, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are also the subject of several continuing class action lawsuits and investigations by federal regulators, which (along with any resulting financial restatements) may adversely affect the guaranteeing entities. Importantly, the future of the entities is in serious question as the U.S. government is considering multiple options, ranging from significant reform, nationalization, privatization, consolidation, or abolishment of the entities.

The FHFA and the U.S. Treasury (through its agreements to purchase preferred stock of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac) also have imposed strict limits on the size of the mortgage portfolios of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In August 2012, the U.S. Treasury amended its preferred stock purchase agreements to provide that the portfolios of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will be wound down at an annual rate of 15% (up from the previously agreed annual rate of 10%), requiring Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to reach the $250 billion target four years earlier than previously planned. Further, when a ratings agency downgraded long-term U.S. government debt in August 2011, the agency also downgraded the bond ratings of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, from AAA to AA+, based on their direct reliance on the U.S. government (although that rating did not directly relate to their mortgage-backed securities). The U.S. government’s commitment to ensure that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have sufficient capital to meet their obligations was, however, unaffected by the downgrade.

The U.S. Treasury has put in place a set of financing agreements to help ensure that these entities continue to meet their obligations to holders of bonds they have issued or guaranteed. The U.S. government may choose not to provide financial support to U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities if it is not legally obligated to do so, in which case, if the issuer were to default, the Fund holding securities of such issuer might not be able to recover its investment from the U.S. government.

From time to time, policy changes by the U.S. government or its regulatory agencies and other governmental actions and political events within the United States, changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions, the U.S. government’s inability at times to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan or other legislation aimed at addressing financial or economic conditions, the threat of a federal government shutdown, and threats not to increase or suspend the federal government’s debt limit, may affect investor and consumer confidence; increase volatility in the financial markets, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree; reduce prices of U.S. Treasury securities and/or increase the costs of various kinds of debt; result in higher interest rates; and even raise concerns about the U.S. government’s credit rating and ability to service its debt. If a U.S. government-sponsored entity is negatively impacted by legislative or regulatory action, is unable to meet its obligations, or its creditworthiness declines, the performance of a Fund that holds securities of that entity will be adversely impacted.

U.S. Registered Securities of Foreign Issuers. Certain Funds may invest in U.S. registered, dollar-denominated bonds of foreign corporations, governments, agencies and supra-national entities, preferred securities of foreign issuers, or preferred securities otherwise exempt from registration. Investing in U.S. registered, dollar-denominated, investment grade bonds or preferred securities issued by non-U.S. issuers

involves some risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. companies. These include differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, political instability that could affect U.S. investments in foreign countries, and potential restrictions of the flow of international capital. Foreign companies may be subject to less governmental regulation than U.S. issuers. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions.

Custody and Banking Risks. A Fund’s assets may be maintained with one or more banks or other depository institutions (“banking institutions”), including both U.S. and non-U.S. banking institutions. In addition, a Fund’s assets may be maintained at regional (or mid-size) banking institutions or large banking institutions. Regional banking institutions are generally subject to fewer regulatory safeguards than large banking institutions, causing regional banking institutions to be perceived as having greater credit risk than large banking institutions. A Fund may enter into credit facilities or have other financial relationships with banking institutions. The distress, impairment or failure of one or more banking institutions, whether or not holding a Fund’s assets, may inhibit the ability of a Fund to access depository accounts or lines of credit at all or in a timely manner. Such events can be caused by various factors including negative market sentiment, significant withdrawals, fraud, or poor management. In such cases, a Fund may need to delay or forgo making new investments, or a Fund may need to sell another investment to raise cash when it is not desirable to do so, which could result in lower performance. In the event of such a failure of a banking institution, access to such accounts could be restricted and U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) protection may not be available for balances in excess of the amounts insured by the FDIC (and similar considerations may apply to banking institutions in other jurisdictions not subject to FDIC protection). In such instances, a Fund may not recover such excess uninsured amounts and instead would only have an unsecured claim against the banking institution and may be able to recover only the residual value of the banking institution’s assets, if any value is recovered at all. The loss of any assets maintained with a banking institution or the inability to access such assets for a period of time, even if ultimately recovered, could be materially adverse to a Fund. In addition, the Adviser may not be able to identify all potential solvency or stress concerns with respect to a banking institution or transfer assets from one bank to another in a timely manner in the event a banking institution comes under stress or fails. It is also possible that a Fund will incur additional expenses or delays in putting in place alternative arrangements or that such alternative arrangements will be less favorable than those formerly in place (with respect to access to capital, economic terms, or otherwise).

When Issued and Delayed Delivery Transactions. Invesco Senior Loan ETF may purchase and sell interests in senior loans and other portfolio securities on a when issued and delayed delivery basis. No income accrues to the Fund on such interests or securities in connection with such purchase transactions prior to the date that the Fund actually takes delivery of such interests or securities. These transactions are subject to market fluctuation; the value of the interests in senior loans and other portfolio debt securities at delivery may be more or less than their purchase price, and yields generally available on such interests or securities when delivery occurs may be higher or lower than yields on the interests or securities obtained pursuant to such transactions. Because the Fund relies on the buyer or seller, as the case may be, to consummate the transaction, failure by the other party to complete the transaction may result in the Fund missing the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. The Fund will make commitments to purchase such interests or securities on such basis only with the intention of actually acquiring these interests or securities, but the Fund may sell such interests or securities prior to the settlement date if such sale is considered to be advisable. To the extent the Fund engages in when issued and delayed delivery transactions, it will do so for the purpose of acquiring interests or securities for the Fund’s portfolio consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies and not for the purpose of investment leverage. No specific limitation exists as to the percentage of the Fund’s assets which may be used to acquire securities on a when issued or delayed delivery basis.

Special Risks Associated with Investments in California

Introduction. Invesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF generally invests in California municipal securities. The payment of interest on, and preservation of principal in, these securities are dependent upon the continuing ability of State of California (referred to in this section as the “State” or “California”) issuers and/or obligors of state, municipal and public authority debt obligations to meet their obligations thereunder. In addition to general economic pressures, certain California constitutional amendments, legislative measures, executive orders, administrative regulations and voter initiatives could adversely affect a California issuer’s ability to raise revenues to meet its financial obligations.

The following is a brief summary of some of the factors that may affect the financial condition of California and its political subdivisions. The summary is neither a complete nor a comprehensive description of these factors or an analysis of financial conditions and may not be indicative of the financial condition of issuers of obligations or any particular projects financed with the proceeds of such obligations. Many factors not included in this summary could have an adverse impact on the financial condition of California and its political subdivisions. The Fund is unable to predict whether or to what extent such factors or other factors may affect the issuers of the municipal securities. The information provided below is subject to change rapidly, substantially, and without notice, and the inclusion of such information herein shall not under any circumstances create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the State or its issuers since the date of its preparation. Such information is derived from official statements utilized in connection with the issuance of California municipal securities, as well as from other publicly available documents, and has not been independently verified by the Fund. In addition, as a result of the severe market volatility and economic downturn following the outbreak of COVID-19, the economic circumstances in the State may change negatively and more rapidly than usual and the State may be less able to maintain up-to-date information for the public. Any such change(s) may adversely affect the State’s and applicable issuer’s cash flows, expenditures, or revenues, or otherwise negatively impact the current or projected State financial situation. The Fund assumes no responsibility for the completeness or accuracy of such information.

Overview of State Economy. California’s economy, the largest among the 50 states, the fifth largest in the world (in terms of gross domestic product (“GDP”)), and one of the most diverse in the world, has major components in high technology, trade, entertainment, manufacturing, agriculture, government, tourism, construction, and services. Events that adversely impact such industries may also negatively affect the economy of the State and its municipalities. Any deterioration in the State’s financial condition may have a negative effect on the marketability, liquidity or value of the securities issued by the State or its municipalities. California is also prone to environmental risks and natural disasters and, because of its active economy, high level of visitors and some densely populated areas, can be particularly affected by pandemics.

Current Economic Conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic that began to affect the U.S. in early 2020 has had a dramatic effect on the California economy. Over a period of three months, from February 2020 to April 2020, unemployment rose at a record pace as governmental responses to the pandemic led to broad economic shutdowns and stay-at-home orders. The rapidity of the COVID-19 pandemic contrasts to the significant economic downturn that took place in 2008 and led to high unemployment, steep contraction in housing construction and home values, and a drop in statewide assessed valuation of property.

California recovered all of the nearly 2.8 million nonfarm payroll jobs lost at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic by June 2022. However, as of September 2023, California’s unemployment rate was 4.7%, higher than its pre-pandemic level. After a strong recovery for California’s economy during the 2020-21 fiscal year, the 2022-22 fiscal year showed only nominal growth and featured a prolonged period of high inflation that reinforced the threat of recession.

California’s GDP in 2022 was nearly $3.6 trillion. During 2022, residents of California had a per capita income of $77,339, which compared favorably to the national average of $65,423 over the same period.

There are other risks to the State’s fiscal health, such as potentially unfavorable changes to federal policies, the uncertain impact of changes in federal tax law and trade policy, the impact of climate change, and significant unfunded liabilities associated with the two main retirement systems managed by State entities, the

California Public Employees’ Retirement System (“CaLPERS”) and the California State Teachers’ Retirement System (“CalSTRS”). In addition, the State’s revenues (particularly the personal income tax) can be volatile and correlate to overall economic conditions.

There is no assurance that any California issuer will remain solvent or make full or timely payments of principal or interest. The creditworthiness of obligations issued by local California issuers may be unrelated to the creditworthiness of obligations issued by the State, and there is no obligation on the part of the State to make payment on such local obligations in the event of default. There can be no assurances that the fiscal stress and cash pressures currently facing the State will not continue or become more challenging, or that other changes in the State or national economies will not materially adversely impact California’s financial condition.

General Risks. Many complex political, social, health, environmental, and economic factors influence the State’s economy and finances. Such factors may affect the State’s budget unpredictably from year to year. Such factors include, but are not limited to: (i) the performance of the national and State economies, including the threat of recession and increased market volatility; (ii) the receipt of revenues below projections; (iii) a delay in or an inability of the State to implement budget solutions as a result of current or future litigation; (iv) the impact of natural disasters (such as drought or wildfires), pandemics, or social unrest; (v) an inability to implement all planned expenditure reductions; and (vi) actions taken by the federal government, including audits, disallowances, changes in aid levels, and international trade policies. These factors are continually changing, and no assurances can be given with respect to how these factors or other factors will materialize in the future or what impact they will have on the State’s fiscal and economic condition. Such factors could have an adverse impact on the State’s budget in the current year and could result in declines, possibly severe, in the value of the State’s and municipal issuers’ outstanding obligations, increases in the State’s and municipal issuers’ future borrowing costs, and impairment of their ability to pay debt service on their obligations.

Limitations on Taxes, Other Charges and Appropriations. Certain California debt obligations may be obligations of issuers that rely in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, on ad valorem property taxes as a source of revenue. The taxing powers of California local governments and districts are limited by Article XIIIA of the California Constitution, enacted by the voters in 1978 and commonly known as “Proposition 13”. Briefly, Article XIIIA limits the rate of ad valorem property taxes to 1% of the full cash value of real property and generally restricts the reassessment of property to 2% per year, except upon new construction or change of ownership (subject to a number of exemptions). Taxing entities may, however, raise ad valorem taxes above the 1% limit to pay debt service on voter-approved bonded indebtedness.

Under Article XIIIA, the basic 1% ad valorem tax levy is applied against the assessed value of property as of the owner’s date of acquisition (or as of March 1, 1975, if acquired earlier), subject to certain adjustments. In addition, Article XIIIA prohibits local governments from raising revenues through ad valorem taxes above the 1% limit; it also requires voters of any governmental unit to give two-thirds approval to levy any “special tax” (i.e., a tax devoted to a specific purpose).

On November 5, 1996, the voters of the State approved Proposition 218, which added Articles XIIIC and XIIID to the State Constitution. Such articles contain a number of provisions affecting the ability of local agencies to levy and collect both existing and future taxes, assessments, fees, and charges. Article XIIIC requires that all new or increased local taxes be submitted to the voters before they become effective. Taxes for general governmental purposes require a majority vote, and taxes for specific purposes require a two- thirds vote. Article XIIID contains several provisions that make it generally more difficult for local agencies to levy and maintain “assessments” for municipal services and programs. Article XIIID also contains several provisions affecting “fees” and “charges”, defined for purposes of Article XIIID to mean any “levy other than an ad valorem tax, a special tax, or an assessment, imposed by an agency upon a parcel or upon a person as an incident of property ownership, including a user fee or charge for a property related service”. All new and existing property related fees and charges must conform to requirements prohibiting, among other things, fees and charges that generate revenues exceeding the funds required to provide the property related service or are used for unrelated purposes.

Appropriations Limits. The State and its local governments are subject to an annual “appropriations limit” imposed by Article XIIIB of the California Constitution. Article XIIIB prohibits the State or any covered local government from spending “appropriations subject to limitation” in excess of the appropriations limit imposed. No limit is imposed on appropriations of funds which are not “proceeds of taxes”, such as reasonable user charges or fees, and certain other non-tax funds. The appropriations limit in Article XIIIB may be exceeded in cases of emergencies.

The appropriations limit for each year is adjusted annually to reflect changes in State per capita personal income, changes in population, and, when applicable, any transfer of financial responsibility of providing services to or from another unit of government or any transfer of the financial source for the provisions of services from tax proceeds to regulatory licenses, user charges, or user fees. The State’s Department of Finance estimates the State to be more than $15 billion below the appropriations limit for the 2023-24 fiscal year based on statutory changes enacted as part of the State budget and a revision to the spending that counts toward the limit.

Because of the complex nature of Articles XIIIA, XIIIB, XIIIC, and XIIID of the California Constitution, the ambiguities and possible inconsistencies in their terms, the impossibility of predicting future appropriations or changes in population and State per capita personal income, and the probability of continuing legal challenges, it is not currently possible to determine fully the impact of these Articles on California debt obligations or on the ability of the State or local governments to pay debt service on such California debt obligations. It is not possible, at the present time, to predict the outcome of any pending litigation with respect to the ultimate scope, impact or constitutionality of these Articles or the impact of any such determinations upon State agencies or local governments, or upon their ability to pay debt service on their obligations. Further initiatives or legislative changes in laws or the California Constitution may also affect the ability of the State or local issuers to repay their obligations.

Obligations of the State. The State Treasurer is responsible for the sale of most debt obligations of the State and its various authorities and agencies.

General Obligation Bonds. General obligation bonds are typically authorized for infrastructure and other capital improvements at the State and local level. Under the California Constitution, general obligation bonds cannot be used to finance budget deficits. As of July 1, 2022, the State had approximately $77.6 billion of outstanding general obligation bonds and lease revenue bonds payable primarily from the State’s General Fund (“General Fund”) or from lease payments paid from the operating budgets of the respective lessees, which operating budgets are primarily, but not exclusively, derived from the General Fund. As of July 1, 2023, the State had approximately $78.5 billion of outstanding general obligation bonds and lease revenue bonds payable primarily from the State’s General Fund (“General Fund”) or from lease payments paid from the operating budgets of the respective lessees, which operating budgets are primarily, but not exclusively, derived from the General Fund. As of July 1, 2023, there were approximately $25.8 billion of authorized and unissued long-term voter-approved general obligation bonds which, when issued, will be payable principally from the General Fund, and approximately $6.9 billion of authorized and unissued lease-revenue bonds. Bond measures may be included on future election ballots, but any proposed bond measure must first be approved by a two-thirds vote of the Legislature or placed on the ballot through the initiative process.

Based on estimates from the State Department of Finance, approximately $5.5 billion and $4.1 billion of new money general obligation bonds (some of which may initially be in the form of commercial paper notes) and approximately $1.2 billion and $1.7 billion of lease-revenue bonds are expected to be issued in fiscal year 2023-24 and fiscal year 2024-25, respectively. The actual amount of bonds sold will depend on factors such as overall budget constraints, market conditions and other considerations. The State also expects to issue refunding bonds as market conditions warrant.

The ratio of debt service on general obligation and lease-revenue bonds supported by the General Fund, to annual General Fund revenues and transfers (“General Fund Debt Ratio”), can fluctuate as assumptions for future debt issuance and revenue projections are updated from time to time. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the projected General Fund Debt Ratio. As of July 1, 2023, the total outstanding debt for general obligation and lease-revenue bonds was approximately $78.5 billion. Based on the revenue

estimates contained in the 2023-24 Governor’s Budget and bond issuance estimates discussed above, the General Fund Debt Ratio is estimated to equal approximately 2.93% in fiscal year 2023-24 and 3.11% in fiscal year 2024-25.

Non-Recourse Obligations. Certain State agencies and authorities issue revenue obligations for which the General Fund has no liability. These revenue bonds represent obligations payable from State revenue- producing enterprises and projects (e.g., among other revenue sources, taxes, fees, and/or tolls) and conduit obligations payable from revenues paid by private users or local governments of facilities financed by the revenue bonds. In each case, such revenue bonds are not payable from the General Fund. The enterprises and projects include transportation projects, various public works projects, public and private educational facilities, housing, health facilities, and pollution control facilities.

Obligations of Other Issuers. There are a number of State agencies, instrumentalities, and political subdivisions of the State that issue municipal obligations, some of which may be conduit revenue obligations payable from payments from private borrowers. These entities are subject to various economic risks and uncertainties, and the credit quality of the securities issued by them may vary considerably from the credit quality of obligations backed by the full faith and credit of the State.

State Assistance. In the aftermath of Proposition 13, which reduced and limited future growth of local property taxes, the Legislature enacted measures to provide aid to local governments, including from the General Fund, to make up for the local governments’ loss of property tax revenue. The enactment of Proposition 1A in November 2004 substantially changed the ability of the State to use local government taxing sources to aid the State budget. See “State-Local Fiscal Relations” below.

To the extent the State should be constrained by its Article XIIIB appropriations limit, or its obligation to conform to Proposition 98, or other fiscal considerations, the absolute level (or the rate of growth) of State assistance to local governments may be reduced. Any such reductions in State aid could compound the serious fiscal constraints that may be experienced by many local governments, particularly counties. The most recent economic slowdown following the outbreak of COVID-19 in the State, with its corresponding reduction in State and local revenues, put additional pressure on local government finances.

Counties and cities may face further budgetary pressures as a result of responsibilities to provide welfare and public assistance programs. Generally, counties play a large role in the system and, while eligibility requirements and benefit levels are established by the State, are given substantial flexibility to develop and administer programs to bring aid recipients into the workforce. Many local governments are also facing substantial increases in pension liabilities and health care costs for retirees, as a result of generous retirements benefits granted to employees during economic boom times.

2022-23 Governor’s Budget. On June 27, 2022 and June 30, 2022, the Governor signed the 2022 Budget Act and related legislation to implement the state budget for fiscal year 2022-23. In July 2022, the Department of Finance reported that agency cash receipts for fiscal year 2021-22 were $2.183 billion below the 2022-23 Governor’s Budget forecast of $233.987 billion. Cash receipts for the month of June specifically were $2.4 billion (7.4%) below the 2022 Budget Act forecast of $32.3 billion mainly due to lower proceeds from personal income tax. The 2022-23 Governor’s Budget seeks to maintain budget resiliency and to manage through the potential downturns in the state and national economies, while also building reserves and paying down the state’s debt and liabilities.

2023-24 Governor’s Budget. The 2023-24 Governor’s Budget, enacted on June 27, 2023, and related legislation, implementing the State budget for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024, preserves key investments from previous budgets in education, healthcare, climate crisis mitigation, housing, and infrastructure while employing a variety of measures to close a projected $31.7 billion shortfall in General Fund revenues. These measures include shifting sources of funding from certain programs from the General Fund to other funds ($9.3 billion), delays in certain program funding from fiscal year 2023-24 to future fiscal years ($7.9 billion), special fud borrowing and renewal of the Managed Care Organization Tax ($6.1 billion), and other reduction in expenditures which would be restored if it is determined in connection with preparing the Governor’s Budget

to be released in January 2024 that funding is available for such expenditures ($340 million). The Budget Act does not propose to withdraw any funds from the Budget Stabilization Account (“rainy day fund”).

After two years of unprecedented General Fund revenue growth, California faces a downturn in revenues driven by a declining stock market and persistently high inflation in 2022, rising interest rates, and job losses in high-wage sectors—all of which have led to slower revenue growth than previously projected. Through prudent planning and budget resilience built into previous budgets, the State is in its best fiscal position in recent history to address this downturn. By paying down the State’s debt and using one-time surplus funds on one-time commitments, the Budget is able to address the shortfall with balanced solutions that protect core state programs and services. Importantly, the Budget avoids new significant ongoing commitments, and maintains fiscal discipline by setting aside a record $37.8 billion in total budgetary reserves. Together, these factors put California on strong fiscal footing to better withstand future economic downturns or revenue declines.

LAO Report. On January 13, 2023, the Legislative Analyst’s Office (“LAO”) released its analysis of the 2023-24 Proposed Budget (“LAO Report”). In reaching its conclusions, the LAO performs an independent assessment of the outlook for California’s economy, demographics, revenues, and expenditures.

The LAO Report on the 2023-24 Proposed Budget stated that due to a deteriorating revenue picture relative to expectations from June 2022, both the LAO and the administration anticipated a budget problem (deficit) in fiscal year 2023-24. The LAO estimated that the Governor solved an $18 billion budget problem through a combination of spending reductions, delays, and trigger restoration. Nearly all of these solutions would apply to one-time and temporary spending. The LAO estimated that the State would end 2023-24 with $27.1 billion in total reserves. The LAO Report concluded that there is a good chance that revenues will be lower than the administration’s projections for the budget window, particularly in 2022-23 and 2023-24. Given this risk, they recommended that the Legislature plan for a larger budget problem and address that larger problem by reducing more one-time and temporary spending.

Litigation. The State and its officers and employees are parties to numerous legal proceedings, many of which normally occur in government operations. The State and certain of its municipalities have taken positions in opposition to certain policies of the current federal government, which has led to legal disputes. These legal disputes, including their direct costs, could negatively affect certain sectors of the State’s economy. In addition, the State is involved in certain other legal proceedings (described in the State’s recent financial statements and other public disclosures) that, if decided against the State, might require the State to make significant future expenditures or substantially impair future revenue sources. Because of the prospective nature of these proceedings, it is not presently possible to predict the outcome of such litigation, estimate the potential impact on the ability of the State to pay debt service costs on its obligations, or determine what impact, if any, such proceedings may have on the fund’s investments.

Retirement Systems. Unfunded pension plans continue to add pressure to the State’s budget. California’s two main public pension funds are CalPERS and CalSTRS. As of June 30, 2022, CalPERS and CalSTRS served a combined total of more than 1.6 million members. CalPERS and CalSTRS each face unfunded future liabilities in the tens of billions of dollars. It is unknown how significantly market volatility, including the recession triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, will ultimately impact unfunded pension liabilities. The CalPERS unfunded liability allocable to State employees (excluding judges and elected officials) is estimated to be $70.8 billion as of June 30, 2022, which is an increase of $27.2 billion from the June 30, 2021 valuation. For fiscal year 2022-23, the actuarially determined General Fund pension contributions to the California Public Employees’ Retirement System (“CalPERS”) and California State Teachers’ Retirement System (“CalSTRS”) were $4.6 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively. For fiscal year 2023-24, the actuarially determined General Fund pension contributions to CalPERS and CalSTRS are approximately $4.7 billion and $3.9 billion, respectively.

Because the State may ultimately be responsible for paying the difference between the benefits paid and the contributions received by CalPERS and CalSTRS, these unfunded liabilities pose a significant risk to the State’s fiscal condition. In addition, with more money diverted to pension contributions, the State may have

less resources available to meet its debt obligations (including related to debt held by the fund), which could impact the credit rating and marketability of its municipal bonds.

Other Considerations. Measures affecting the taxing or spending authority of California or its political subdivisions may be approved or enacted in the future. Legislation has been or may be introduced that would modify existing taxes or other revenue raising measures or that would further limit or, alternatively, increase the abilities of State and local governments to impose new taxes or increase existing taxes. It is not possible, at present, to predict the extent to which any such legislation will be enacted. Nor is it possible, at present, to determine the impact of any such legislation on securities held in the fund, future allocations of State revenues to local governments or the abilities of State or local governments to pay the interest on, or repay the principal of, such securities.

Substantially all of California is within an active geologic region subject to major seismic activity and is otherwise prone to other natural disasters, which could result in increased frequency and severity of earthquakes, wildfires, droughts, and floods. Such events have, in the past, resulted in significant disruptions of the State economy and required substantial expenditures from the State government. The risks of natural disasters of varying degrees continues to persist and the full extent of the impact of recurring natural disasters on the State’s economy and fiscal stability is difficult to estimate. Any obligation in the fund could be affected by an interruption of revenues because of damaged facilities, or, consequently, income tax deductions for casualty losses or property tax assessment reductions due to earthquakes. Compensatory financial assistance could be constrained by the inability of (i) an issuer to have obtained earthquake insurance coverage rates; (ii) an insurer to perform on its contracts of insurance in the event of widespread losses; or (iii) the federal or State government to appropriate sufficient funds within their respective budget limitations.

The State has experienced record drought conditions over the recent period. The drought conditions increased the State’s susceptibility to wildfires, and in 2020, the State experienced catastrophic wildfires that consumed over four million acres, far more than any previous year in the State’s history. The historic emergency response, while combatting the COVID-19 pandemic at the same time, strained the State’s emergency response capabilities. The summer months of 2022 included extreme heat waves and drought conditions, and 2023 began with statewide flood events in the winter and spring. The 2021 and 2022 Budget Acts committed $8.7 billion over multiple years to support drought resilience and response programs to help communities and fish and wildlife avoid immediate impacts from extreme drought, while advancing projects and programs that will improve the state’s resilience to future droughts and floods. The 2024 Budget maintains $8.1 billion (93%) of these investments over multiple years in programs and projects to bolster the capacity of communities and ecosystems to endure droughts and floods.

Special Risks Associated with Investments in New York

Introduction. Invesco New York AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF generally invests in municipal securities issued by the State of New York (referred to in this section as “New York” or the “State”). The specific New York municipal securities in which the Fund will invest will change from time to time. The Fund is therefore susceptible to political, economic, regulatory or other factors affecting issuers of New York municipal securities. The following information constitutes only a brief summary of a number of the complex factors which may impact issuers of New York municipal securities and does not purport to be a complete or exhaustive description of all adverse conditions to which issuers of New York municipal securities may be subject. Such information is derived from official statements utilized in connection with the issuance of New York municipal securities, as well as from other publicly available documents. Such information has not been independently verified by the Fund, and the Fund assumes no responsibility for the completeness or accuracy of such information.

The summary below does not include all of the information pertaining to the budget, receipts and disbursements of the State that would ordinarily be included in various public documents issued thereby, such as an official statement prepared in connection with the issuance of general obligation bonds of the State. Such an official statement, together with any updates or supplements thereto, may generally be obtained upon request to the Division of the Budget of the State of New York (“DOB”). In addition, since the time that

such resources were published, there have been, and may yet be, significant changes in circumstances altering the economic and budget predictions found in those publications and presented here, primarily on account of the economic and other impacts of the novel COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

There may be specific factors that are applicable in connection with investment in the obligations of particular issuers located within New York, and it is possible the Fund will invest in obligations of particular issuers as to which such specific factors are applicable. However, the information set forth below is intended only as a general summary and not as a discussion of any specific factors that may affect any particular issuer of New York municipal securities.

State Economy. The State has a diverse economy with a relatively large share of the nation’s financial activities, information, education, and health services employment, and a rather small share of the nation’s farming and mining activity. The State has the fourth highest population in the nation, and its residents have a comparatively high level of personal wealth. The most significant sectors of the State’s economy differ from those of the national economy. Travel and tourism comprise a significant part of the economy. The State’s location, airport facilities and natural harbors have made it an important hub for international commerce. Like the rest of the nation, New York has a declining proportion of its workforce engaged in manufacturing, and an increasing proportion engaged in service industries. Nonetheless, manufacturing remains an important sector of the State economy, particularly for the upstate region, which hosts higher concentrations of manufacturers. The financial activities sector share of total State wages is particularly large relative to the nation. During an economic recession that is concentrated in construction and manufacturing, the State is likely to be less affected than the nation as a whole; however, the State is more likely to be affected during a recession that is concentrated in the services sector. New York City (referred to in this section as “New York City” or the “City”) has the highest population of any city in the nation and is the center of the nation’s largest metropolitan area. The City accounts for a large percentage of the State’s residents and personal income.

The State has updated its economic outlook for fiscal year 2024. The State’s job recovery has been hampered by labor shortages, the highest inflation rates seen in 40 years, rising interest rates, and slowing global growth. The State’s total employment remained 1.0% below its pre-pandemic level, whereas the nation had regained all its job losses by June 2022. As of September 2023, New York’s transportation, warehousing and utilities, finance and insurance, professional and business services, education, and healthcare and social assistance sectors posted net job gains relative to February 2020. The State registered an unemployment rate of 4.0% in September 2023 compared to the U.S. rate of 3.8% for the same month. Following 5.1% growth in 2022, the State’s total employment is projected to grow by only 1.6% in 2023. State employment growth is projected to slow down further in 2024, growing 0.2%, largely due to the deceleration of the national economy. State total wages for fiscal year 2024 are projected to grow by 2.8% in this forecast and State personal income growth for fiscal year 2024 is forecast to be 3.3%.

State Budget. Each year, the Governor is required to provide the State Legislature (“Legislature”) with an executive budget, which constitutes the proposed State financial plan for the ensuing fiscal year. The State’s fiscal year for 2022-2023 ended on March 31, 2023. (The State’s fiscal year for 2023-2024 runs from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024.) The Governor’s executive budget is required to be balanced on a cash basis and that is the primary focus of DOB in preparing the financial plan for the State. State finance law also requires the State financial plan to be reported using generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), in accordance with standards and regulations set forth by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (“GASB”). As such, the State reports its financial results on both the cash accounting basis, showing receipts and disbursements, and the GAAP modified accrual basis, showing revenues and expenditures. The State financial results, as described below, are calculated on a cash accounting basis, showing revenues and expenditures. The State financial results, as described below, are calculated on a cash accounting basis, unless specified otherwise.

The Governor submitted the fiscal year 2024 Executive Budget, with amendments to the Legislature on March 3, 2023. The Legislature completed final action on the budget bills on May 2, 2023. General Fund receipts, including transfers from other funds, were estimated to total $100.5 billion in fiscal year 2024, a decrease of $2.7 billion (2.6%) from fiscal year 2023. The State completed the entire $10.6 billion of planned

deposits and set asides to principal reserves and set asides to principal reserves at the end of fiscal year 2023—two years ahead of the initial plan laid out in October 2021. The current balance in principal reserves (the Rainy Day Reserve Fund, the Tax Stabilization Reserve Fund and the portion of the General Fund balance informally designated for economic uncertainties) is just over $19.5 billion, an amount equal to approximately 16% of projected fiscal year 2024 State Operating Funds disbursements.

General Fund Balances and State Spending. State Operating Funds encompasses the General Fund and a wide range of State activities funded from revenue sources outside the General Fund, including dedicated tax revenues, tuition, income, fees, and assessments. Activities funded with these dedicated revenue sources often have no direct bearing on the State’s ability to maintain a balanced budget in the General Fund, but nonetheless are captured in State Operating Funds. State Operating Funds spending in the Enacted Budget Financial Plan is currently estimated at $123.8 billion, an increase of 0.1% over fiscal year 2023 results.

The State’s fiscal position strengthened over the past two years, driven by soaring tax collections fueled by a strong rebound on the heels of the COVID pandemic, robust capital gains realizations, and tax increases enacted in fiscal year 2022. However, beginning in fiscal year 2024, tax collections and expectations of slower economic growth led to a reduction in the tax receipts forecast that carried through all years of the Financial Plan period.

The Financial Plan. The Financial Plan is subject to economic, social, financial, political, public health, and environmental risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside the ability of the State to predict or control. DOB asserts that the projections of receipts and disbursements in the Financial Plan are based on reasonable assumptions but can provide no assurance that results will not differ materially and adversely from these projections.

DOB routinely executes cash management actions to manage the State’s large and complex budget. These actions are intended to improve the State’s cash flow, manage resources within and across State fiscal years, adhere to spending targets, and better position the State to address unanticipated costs, including economic downturns, revenue deterioration, and unplanned expenditures. In recent years, the State has prepaid certain payments, subject to available resources, to maintain budget flexibility.

The Financial Plan is based on numerous assumptions including the condition of the State and national economies, and the collection of economically sensitive tax receipts in the amounts projected. Uncertainties and risks that may affect economic and receipts forecasts include, but are not limited to national and international events; inflation; consumer confidence; commodity prices; major terrorist events, hostilities or war; climate change and extreme weather events; severe epidemic or pandemic events; cybersecurity threats; Federal funding laws and regulations; financial sector compensation; monetary policy affecting interest rates and the financial markets; credit rating agency actions; financial and real estate market developments which may adversely affect bonus income and capital gains realizations; technology industry developments and employment; effect of household debt on consumer spending and State tax collections; and outcomes of litigation and other claims affecting the State.

The Financial Plan is subject to various uncertainties and contingencies including, but not limited to wage and benefit increases for State employees that exceed projected annual costs; changes in the size of the State’s workforce; realization of the projected rate of return for pension fund asset assumptions with respect to wages for State employees affecting the State’s required pension fund contributions; the willingness and ability of the Federal government to provide the aid projected in the Financial Plan; the ability of the State to implement cost reduction initiatives, including reductions in State agency operations, and the success with which the State controls expenditures; unanticipated growth in Medicaid program costs; and ability of the State and its public authorities to issue securities successfully in public credit markets. Some of these issues are described in more detail herein. The projections and assumptions contained in the Financial Plan are subject to revisions which may result in substantial changes. No assurance can be given that these estimates and projections, which depend in part upon actions the State expects to be taken but which are not within the State’s control, will be realized.

Important State revenue sources, including personal income, consumption, and business tax collections, may be adversely affected by the long-term impact of COVID-19 on a range of activities and behaviors, including commuting patterns, remote working and education, business activity, social gatherings, tourism, public transportation, and aviation. For example, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in the behavior of resident and nonresident taxpayers. Consistent with the growth in remote work arrangements, many residents and non-residents are no longer commuting into New York and instead are working remotely from home offices. However, under long-standing State policy, a nonresident working from home pays New York income taxes on wages from a New York employer unless that employer has established the nonresident’s home office as a bona fide office of the employer.

There can be no assurance that the State’s financial position will not change materially and adversely from current projections. For example, looking forward, State policymakers will have to contend with new or unexpected fiscal challenges, such as the influx of migrants seeking asylum, and with the expiration of extraordinary federal pandemic aid. If this were to occur, the State would be required to take additional gap-closing actions. Such actions may include but are not limited to: reductions in State agency operations; delays or reductions in payments to local governments or other recipients of State aid; delays in or suspension of capital maintenance and construction; extraordinary financing of operating expenses; use of nonrecurring resources; or other measures.

Local Assistance Spending. Local assistance spending includes payments to local governments, school districts, health care providers, managed care organizations, and other entities, as well as financial assistance to, or on behalf of, individuals, families, and not-for-profit organizations. Local assistance comprises roughly two-thirds of State Operating Funds spending. School Aid and Medicaid account for more than half of local assistance spending. In fiscal years 2022 and 2023, local assistance funding includes spending for pandemic recovery initiatives. Local assistance spending is estimated at $73.3 billion in fiscal year 2024, an increase of $8.8 billion from fiscal year 2023.

The 2024 fiscal year Enacted Budget Financial Plan estimated School Aid spending for school year 2024 at $34.4 billion, excluding Federal prekindergarten grants, representing an annual increase of $3.0 billion (9.6%). This annual growth is primarily driven by increased funding for Foundation Aid ($2.6 billion), expense-based reimbursement programs ($225 million), and the expansion of State-funded full-day prekindergarten programming for four-year-old children ($150 million). The growth in Foundation Aid reflects the full funding of the current formula for the first time in its history, marking the final year of the three-year phase-in, and a minimum 3% annual increase to fully funded districts that would otherwise not receive a Foundation Aid increase under current law. The financial plan also includes $358 million in additional costs to support the New York City with shelter assistance to asylum seekers above the roughly $1.5 billion included in the 2024 fiscal year Enacted Budget Financial Plan.

Federal Issues. The State receives a substantial amount of Federal aid for health care, education, transportation, and other governmental purposes, as well as Federal funding to respond to, and recover from, severe weather events and other disasters. Current Federal aid projections, and the assumptions on which they rely, are subject to revision because of changes in Federal policy.

The amount and composition of Federal funds received by the State have changed over time because of legislative and regulatory actions at the Federal level and will likely continue to change over the Financial Plan period. The Financial Plan may also be adversely affected by other Federal government actions including audits, disallowances, and changes to Federal participation rates or other Medicaid rules. Any reductions in Federal aid could have a materially adverse impact on the Financial Plan.

A Federal government default on payments, particularly for a prolonged period, could have a materially adverse effect on the national and State economies, financial markets, and intergovernmental aid payments. The specific effects on the Enacted Budget Financial Plan of a future Federal government default are unknown and impossible to predict. However, data from past economic downturns suggest that the State’s revenue loss could be substantial if the economy goes into a recession due to a Federal default. A payment default by the United States may adversely affect the municipal bond market. Municipal issuers, as well as the State, could face higher borrowing costs and impaired market access. This would jeopardize planned capital

investments in transportation infrastructure, higher education facilities, hazardous waste remediation, environmental projects, and economic development projects. Additionally, the market for and market value of outstanding municipal obligations, including municipal obligations of the State, could be adversely affected.

Debt Limits, Ratings, and Outstanding Debt. As of March 31, 2023, State-related debt outstanding was estimated at $55.9 billion. The State uses three primary bond programs, PIT Revenue Bonds, Sales Tax Revenue Bonds, and to a lesser extent General Obligation Bonds, to finance capital spending. As of March 31, 2023, approximately $43.6 billion of PIT Revenue Bonds were outstanding, approximately $10.1 billion of Sales Tax Revenue Bonds were outstanding, and approximately $1.9 billion of General Obligation bonds were outstanding.

The Debt Reform Act of 2000 limits the amount of new State supported debt issued since April 1, 2000. The State Constitution provides that General Obligation bonds, which can be paid without an appropriation, must be paid in equal annual principal installments or installments that result in substantially level or declining debt service payments, mature within 40 years after issuance, and begin to amortize not more than one year after the issuance of such bonds. However, general obligation housing bonds must be paid within 50 years after issuance, with principal commencing no more than three years after issuance. The Debt Reform Act limits the maximum term of State-supported bonds, including General Obligation bonds, to 30 years.

State Retirement Systems and Plan Amortization. The State and Local Retirement System (“NYSLRS”) provides pension benefits to public employees of the State and its localities (except employees of New York City, and public school teachers and administrators, who are covered by separate plans). State employees made up about 31% of the membership as of March 31, 2023. There were 2,978 other public employers participating in the NYSLRS, including all cities and counties (except New York City), most towns, villages and school districts (with respect to non-teaching employees), and many public authorities. As of March 31, 2023, there were 1,210,133 participants in the System, including 695,504 members and 514,629 retirees and beneficiaries.

NYSLRS reports that the present value of anticipated benefits for current members, retirees, and beneficiaries increased to $333.1 billion (including $174.5 billion for retirees and beneficiaries) as of April 1, 2023, up from $320.1 billion as of April 1, 2022. The fiduciary net position restricted for pension benefits as of March 31, 2023 was $249.5 billion (including $2.7 billion in receivables, which consist of employer contributions, amortized amounts, member contributions, member loans, accrued interest and dividends, investment sales and other miscellaneous receivables), a decrease of $24 billion or 8.8% from the fiscal year 2022 level of $273.7 billion. The decrease in net position restricted for pension benefits from fiscal year 2022 to fiscal year 20231 is primarily attributable to the net depreciation of the fair value of the investment portfolio.

The Enacted Budget authorized the State, as an amortizing employer, to prepay to NYSLRS the total amount of principal due for its annual amortization installment or installments for a given fiscal year prior to the expiration of a ten-year amortization period. Contributions to NYSLRS are provided by employers and employees. The total State payment (including Judiciary) due to NYSLRS for fiscal year 2023 was approximately $1.947 billion. The State opted not to amortize the payment obligation and paid the full amount in in fiscal year 2023. The estimated total State payment (including Judiciary) due to NYSLRS for fiscal year 2024 is $1.919 billion.

Litigation. The State is a defendant in certain court cases that could ultimately affect the ability of the State to maintain a balanced Financial Plan. The State believes that the proposed Financial Plan includes sufficient reserves to offset the costs associated with any potential adverse rulings. In addition, any potential amounts may be structured over a multi-year period. However, it is possible that adverse decisions in legal proceedings against the State could exceed the amount of all potential Financial Plan resources set aside for judgments, and consequently could negatively affect the State’s ability to maintain a balanced Financial Plan.

Public Authorities. For the purposes of this section, “authorities” refer to public benefit corporations or public authorities, created pursuant to State law, which are reported in the State’s Comprehensive Annual Financial Report. Authorities are not subject to the constitutional restrictions on the incurrence of debt that apply to the State itself and they may issue bonds and notes within the amounts and restrictions set forth in

legislative authorization. Certain of these authorities’ issue bonds under two of the three primary State credits - PIT Revenue Bonds and Sales Tax Revenue Bonds. The State’s access to the public credit markets through bond issuances constituting State-supported or State-related debt issuances by certain of its authorities could be impaired and the market price of the outstanding debt issued on its behalf may be materially and adversely affected if any of these authorities were to default on their respective State-supported or State-related debt issuances.

The State has numerous public authorities with various responsibilities, including those which finance, construct and/or operate revenue-producing public facilities. These entities generally pay their own operating expenses and debt service costs on their notes, bonds or other legislatively authorized financing structures from revenues generated by the projects they finance or operate, such as tolls charged for the use of highways, bridges or tunnels; charges for public power, electric and gas utility services; tuition and fees; rentals charged for housing units; and charges for occupancy at medical care facilities. Since the State has no actual or contingent liability for the payment of this type of public authority indebtedness, it is not classified as either State-supported debt or State-related debt. Some public authorities, however, receive monies from State appropriations to pay for the operating costs of certain programs.

There are statutory arrangements that, under certain circumstances, authorize State local assistance payments that have been appropriated in a given year and are otherwise payable to localities to be made instead to the issuing public authorities in order to secure the payment of debt service on their revenue bonds and notes.

New York City Economy. The fiscal demands on the State may be affected by the fiscal condition of the City. The City relies in part on State aid to balance its budget and meet its cash requirements. It is also possible that the State’s finances may be affected by the ability of the City, and certain entities issuing debt for the benefit of the City, to market securities successfully in the public credit markets. There can be no assurance that there will not be reductions in State aid to the City from amounts currently projected; that State budgets in any given fiscal year will be adopted by the April 1 statutory deadline; that interim appropriations will be enacted; or that any such reductions or delays will not have adverse effects on the City’s cash flow or expenditures.

The reduction in business activity, travel and tourism resulting from the pandemic had a severe impact on the City’s retail, cultural, hospitality and entertainment sectors. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, unemployment rates throughout the City increased substantially and currently remain above pre-pandemic levels. To date, the City has recovered approximately 98% of jobs lost during the pandemic. Certain real estate sectors have sustained losses as a result of the business distress caused by COVID-19. Higher unemployment as well as increased numbers of employees working from home have stressed the City’s office market. The pandemic has also reduced income for retail stores and hotels.

The New York City labor market continues to exhibit job growth as it recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic. By the end of fiscal year 2023, the City’s job market recovered 925,900 of the 956,500 jobs lost between February and April 2020 and was close to the pre-pandemic peak. Job gains between June 2022 and June 2023 totaled 149,100 (+3.3%). By the end of fiscal year 2023, jobs in traditionally office-using industries reached a new peak exceeding 1.5 million. Within office-using industries, jobs in the Information sector returned below the February 2020 peak due to a combination of layoffs in tech firms and the temporary effects of the writers’ (WGA) and actors’ (SAG/AFTRA) strikes. Jobs in Education and Health Services were also at a new peak of nearly 1.2 million jobs. Relative to February 2020, the largest private-sector job gaps were in Trade, Transportation, and Utilities (-62,500, -9.8%), Leisure and Hospitality (-34,200, -7.3%), and Other Services (-10,700, -5.5%). As of June 2023, total employment in the City was 4,703,800 compared to 4,546,100 in June 2022 (growth of 3.5%) based on data which are not seasonally adjusted.

New York City Financial Plan. On June 13, 2022, the City submitted to the New York State Financial Control Board (“Control Board”) the financial plan for the 2023 through 2026 fiscal years (the “June 2022 Financial Plan”), which was consistent with the City’s capital and expense budgets as adopted for the 2023 fiscal year. Subsequently the June 2022 Fiscal Plan was modified during the 2022 fiscal year. On June 30, 2023, the City submitted to the Control Board the financial plan for the 2024 through 2027 fiscal years, which

was consistent with the City’s capital and expense budgets as adopted for the 2024 fiscal year, and a further modification to the June 2022 Financial Plan with respect to the 2023 fiscal year (together, the “Financial Plan”). The City’s fiscal year end is at the end of June; the 2024 fiscal year runs from July 1, 2023, to June 30, 2024. The budget totaled approximately $117.1 billion. However, the Financial Plan projected gaps of approximately $5.08 billion, $6.84 billion and $7.90 billion in fiscal years 2025 through 2027, respectively. The Financial Plan reflected, since the June 2022 Financial Plan, increases in projected net revenues of $5.99 billion, $3.25 billion, $3.07 billion and $3.98 billion in fiscal years 2024 through 2026, respectively. In November 2023, the City submitted to the Financial Control Board a modification to the financial plan for the 2024 through 2027 fiscal years (the “Modified Financial Plan”). The Modified Financial Plan reduced the fiscal year 2024 revenue and expenditure estimates to $110.5 billion. However, the Modified Financial Plan projects gaps of approximately $7.1 billion, $6.5 billion and $6.4 billion in fiscal years 2025 through 2027, respectively.

Other Localities. Historically, the State has provided unrestricted financial assistance to cities, counties, towns, and villages outside of the City. Certain localities outside the City have experienced financial problems and have consequently requested and received additional State assistance during the last several State fiscal years. While a relatively infrequent practice, deficit financing by local governments has become more prevalent in recent years. Not included in the projections of the State’s receipts and disbursements for the State’s 2024 fiscal year or thereafter is the potential impact of any future requests by localities for additional financial assistance.

Like the State, localities must respond to changing political, economic and financial influences that can affect adversely their financial condition. For example, the State or federal government may decrease (or, potentially, eliminate) funding of local programs, therefore requiring localities to pay those expenditures using their own funds. Furthermore, prior cash flow problems for the State have caused delays in State aid payments, which in some instances have necessitated short-term borrowing at the local level. Additional factors that have had, or could have, an impact on the fiscal condition of localities include: the loss of temporary federal stimulus funding; recent State aid trends; constitutional and statutory limitations on the imposition by localities and school districts of property, sales, and other taxes; and for certain communities, the substantial upfront costs for rebuilding and clean-up after a natural disaster.

Localities may face unanticipated problems as a result of pending litigation, judicial decisions and long- range economic trends. They also may require additional State assistance because of other large-scale potential problems, such as declining urban populations, reductions in the real property tax base, increasing expenditures, or the loss of skilled manufacturing jobs. Severe financial difficulties could jeopardize localities’ access to the public credit markets, which may impact negatively the marketability of notes and bonds issued by the localities within the State.

PORTFOLIO TURNOVER

Each Fund calculates its portfolio turnover rate by dividing the value of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal period by the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities owned by the Fund during the fiscal period. A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all of the portfolio securities (other than short-term securities) were replaced once during the fiscal period. Portfolio turnover rates will vary from year to year, depending on market conditions and the nature of a Fund's holdings. The Fund listed in the table below experienced significant variation in its portfolio turnover rate during the two most recently completed fiscal years ended August 31 for the reason set forth below.

Fund	2023	2022
Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF (1)	27%	6%

(1) The Fund experienced significant variation in portfolio turnover during the two most recently completed fiscal years because the Underlying Index that the Fund tracks had a higher portfolio turnover during the most recent fiscal year.

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

Quarterly Portfolio Schedule. The Trust is required to disclose, after its first and third fiscal quarters, the complete schedule of each Fund’s portfolio holdings with the SEC on Form N-PORT. The Trust also discloses a complete schedule of each Fund’s portfolio holdings with the SEC on Form N-CSR after its second and fourth fiscal quarters.

The Trust's Forms N-PORT and Forms N-CSR on behalf of each Fund are available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. The Trust's Forms N-PORT and Forms N-CSR are available without charge, upon request, by calling 1-630-933-9600 or 1-800-983-0903 or by writing to Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II at 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515.

Portfolio Holdings Policy. The Trust has adopted a policy regarding the disclosure of information about the Trust's portfolio holdings. The Board must approve all material amendments to this policy.

Each business day before the opening of regular trading on the Exchange where Shares are traded, the Fund discloses on its website (www.invesco.com/ETFs) the portfolio holdings that will form the basis for the Fund’s next calculation of NAV per Share. The Trust, the Adviser, the Sub-Advisers and The Bank of New York Mellon (“BNYM” or the “Administrator”) will not disseminate non-public information concerning the Trust.

Access to information concerning the Funds’ portfolio holdings may be permitted at other times: (i) to personnel of third-party service providers, including the Funds’ custodian, transfer agent, auditors and counsel, as may be necessary to conduct business in the ordinary course in a manner consistent with such service providers’ agreements with the Trust on behalf of the Funds; or (ii) in instances when the Funds’ President and/or Chief Compliance Officer determines that (x) such disclosure serves a reasonable business purpose and is in the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders; and (y) in making such disclosure, no conflict exists between the interests of the Funds’ shareholders and those of the Adviser or the Distributor.

MANAGEMENT

The primary responsibility of the Board is to represent the interests of the Funds and to provide oversight of the management of the Funds. The Trust currently has nine Trustees, each of whom is not “interested,” as that term is defined under the 1940 Act, and have no affiliation or business connection with the Adviser or any of its affiliated persons and do not own any stock or other securities issued by the Adviser (the “Independent Trustees”).

The Independent Trustees of the Trust, their term of office and length of time served, their principal business occupations during at least the past five years, the number of portfolios in the Fund Complex (defined below) that they oversee and other directorships, if any, that they hold are shown below. The “Fund Complex” includes all open- and closed-end funds (including all of their portfolios) advised by the Adviser and any affiliated person of the Adviser. As of the date of this SAI, the “Fund Family” consists of the Trust and five other ETF trusts advised by the Adviser.

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Independent Trustees	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During the Past 5 Years	Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Trustees	Other Directorships Held by Independent Trustees During the Past 5 Years
Ronn R. Bagge—1958 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Vice Chair of the Board; Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee and Trustee	Vice Chair since 2018; Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee; Trustee since 2007	Founder and Principal, YQA Capital Management LLC (1998-Present); formerly, Owner/CEO of Electronic Dynamic Balancing Co., Inc. (high- speed rotating equipment service provider).	210	Chair (since 2021) and member (since 2017) of the Joint Investment Committee, Mission Aviation Fellowship and MAF Foundation; Trustee, Mission Aviation Fellowship (2017-Present).

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Independent Trustees	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During the Past 5 Years	Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Trustees	Other Directorships Held by Independent Trustees During the Past 5 Years
Todd J. Barre—1957 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Trustee	Since 2010	Formerly, Assistant Professor of Business, Trinity Christian College (2010-2016); Vice President and Senior Investment Strategist (2001-2008), Director of Open Architecture and Trading (2007-2008), Head of Fundamental Research (2004-2007) and Vice President and Senior Fixed Income Strategist (1994-2001), BMO Financial Group/Harris Private Bank.	210	None.
Edmund P. Giambastiani, Jr.—1948 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Trustee	Since 2019	President, Giambastiani Group LLC (national security and energy consulting) (2007- Present); Director, First Eagle Alternative Credit LLC (2020-Present); Advisory Board Member, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory (federally- funded research development) (2010- Present); Defense Advisory Board Member, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (2013- Present); formerly, Director, The Boeing Company (2009-2021); Trustee, MITRE Corporation (federally funded research development) (2008- 2020); Director, THL Credit, Inc. (alternative credit investment manager) (2016-2020); Chair (2015-2016), Lead Director (2011-2015) and Director (2008-2011), Monster Worldwide, Inc. (career services); United States Navy, career nuclear submarine officer (1970-2007); Seventh Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (2005- 2007); first NATO	210	Trustee, U.S. Naval Academy Foundation Athletic & Scholarship Program (2010- Present); formerly, Trustee, certain funds of the Oppenheimer Funds complex (2013- 2019); Advisory Board Member, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs of Syracuse University (2012-2016).

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Independent Trustees	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During the Past 5 Years	Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Trustees	Other Directorships Held by Independent Trustees During the Past 5 Years
			Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (2003- 2005); Commander, U.S. Joint Forces Command (2002-2005).
Victoria J. Herget—1951 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Trustee	Since 2019	Formerly, Managing Director (1993-2001), Principal (1985-1993), Vice President (1978- 1985) and Assistant Vice President (1973-1978), Zurich Scudder Investments (investment adviser) (and its predecessor firms).	210	Trustee Emerita (2017- present), Trustee (2000-2017) and Chair (2010-2017), Newberry Library; Trustee, Chikaming Open Lands (2014-Present); Member (2002- present), Rockefeller Trust Committee; formerly, Trustee, Mather LifeWays (2001-2021); Trustee, certain funds in the Oppenheimer Funds complex (2012-2019); Board Chair (2008- 2015) and Director (2004-2018), United Educators Insurance Company; Independent Director, First American Funds (2003-2011); Trustee (1992-2007), Chair of the Board of Trustees (1999-2007), Investment Committee Chair (1994-1999) and Investment Committee member (2007-2010), Wellesley College; Trustee, BoardSource (2006-2009); Trustee, Chicago City Day School (1994-2005).
Marc M. Kole—1960 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Chair of the Audit Committee and Trustee	Chair of the Audit Committee since 2008; Trustee since 2007	Formerly, Managing Director of Finance (2020- 2021) and Senior Director of Finance (2015-2020), By The Hand Club for Kids (not-for-profit); Chief Financial Officer, Hope Network (social services) (2008-2012); Assistant Vice President and Controller, Priority Health (health insurance) (2005- 2008); Regional Chief Financial Officer, United	210	Formerly, Treasurer (2018-2021), Finance Committee Member (2015-2021) and Audit Committee Member (2015), Thornapple Evangelical Covenant Church; Board and Finance Committee Member (2009-2017) and Treasurer (2010- 2015, 2017), NorthPointe Christian Schools.

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Independent Trustees	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During the Past 5 Years	Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Trustees	Other Directorships Held by Independent Trustees During the Past 5 Years
			Healthcare (2005); Chief Accounting Officer, Senior Vice President of Finance, Oxford Health Plans (2000-2004); Audit Partner, Arthur Andersen LLP (1996-2000).
Yung Bong Lim—1964 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Chair of the Investment Oversight Committee and Trustee	Chair of the Investment Oversight Committee since 2014; Trustee since 2013	Managing Partner, RDG Funds LLC (real estate) (2008-Present); formerly, Managing Director, Citadel LLC (1999-2007).	210	Board Director, Beacon Power Services, Corp. (2019-Present); formerly, Advisory Board Member, Performance Trust Capital Partners, LLC (2008-2020).
Joanne Pace—1958 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Trustee	Since 2019	Formerly, Senior Advisor, SECOR Asset Management, LP (2010- 2011); Managing Director and Chief Operating Officer, Morgan Stanley Investment Management (2006-2010); Partner and Chief Operating Officer, FrontPoint Partners, LLC (alternative investments) (2005-2006); Managing Director (2003-2005), Global Head of Human Resources and member of Executive Board and Operating Committee (2004-2005), Global Head of Operations and Product Control (2003-2004), Credit Suisse (investment banking); Managing Director (1997-2003), Controller and Principal Accounting Officer (1999- 2003), Chief Financial Officer (temporary assignment) for the Oversight Committee, Long Term Capital Management (1998-1999), Morgan Stanley.	210	Board Director, Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey (2012- Present); Governing Council Member (2016-Present) and Chair of Education Committee (2017- 2021), Independent Directors Council (IDC); Council Member, New York- Presbyterian Hospital’s Leadership Council on Children’s and Women’s Health (2012-Present); formerly, Advisory Board Director, The Alberleen Group LLC (2012-2021); Board Member, 100 Women in Finance (2015- 2020); Trustee, certain funds in the Oppenheimer Funds complex (2012-2019); Lead Independent Director and Chair of the Audit and Nominating Committee of The Global Chartist Fund, LLC, Oppenheimer Asset Management (2011- 2012); Board Director, Managed Funds Association (2008- 2010); Board Director (2007-2010) and

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Independent Trustees	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During the Past 5 Years	Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Trustees	Other Directorships Held by Independent Trustees During the Past 5 Years
					Investment Committee Chair (2008-2010), Morgan Stanley Foundation.
Gary R. Wicker—1961 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Trustee	Since 2013	Senior Vice President of Global Finance and Chief Financial Officer, RBC Ministries (publishing company) (2013-Present); formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Zondervan Publishing (a division of Harper Collins/NewsCorp) (2007- 2012); Senior Vice President and Group Controller (2005- 2006), Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (2003-2004), Chief Financial Officer (2001- 2003), Vice President, Finance and Controller (1999-2001) and Assistant Controller (1997-1999), divisions of The Thomson Corporation (information services provider); Senior Audit Manager (1994- 1997), PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.	210	Board Member and Treasurer, Our Daily Bread Ministries Canada (2015- Present); Board and Finance Committee Member, West Michigan Youth For Christ (2010-Present).
Donald H. Wilson—1959 c/o Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Chair of the Board and Trustee	Chair since 2012; Trustee since 2007	Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer, McHenry Bancorp Inc. and McHenry Savings Bank (subsidiary) (2018- Present); formerly, Chair and Chief Executive Officer, Stone Pillar Advisors, Ltd. (2010- 2017); President and Chief Executive Officer, Stone Pillar Investments, Ltd. (advisory services to the financial sector) (2016- 2018); Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer, Community Financial Shares, Inc. and Community Bank— Wheaton/Glen Ellyn (subsidiary) (2013-2015); Chief Operating Officer,	210	Director, Penfield Children’s Center (2004-Present); Board Chair, Gracebridge Alliance, Inc. (2015-Present).

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Independent Trustees	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During the Past 5 Years	Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Independent Trustees	Other Directorships Held by Independent Trustees During the Past 5 Years
			AMCORE Financial, Inc. (bank holding company) (2007-2009); Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, AMCORE Financial, Inc. (2006-2007); Senior Vice President and Treasurer, Marshall & Ilsley Corp. (bank holding company) (1995-2006).

This is the date the Independent Trustee began serving the Trust. Each Independent Trustee serves an indefinite term, until his or her successor is elected.

The President, Principal Executive Officer and the other executive officers of the Trust, their term of office and length of time served, and their principal business occupations during at least the past five years are shown below.

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Executive Officer	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During at Least the Past 5 Years
Brian Hartigan — 1978 Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road Suite700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	President and Principal Executive Officer	Since 2023	President and Principal Executive Officer, Invesco Exchange- Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2023 – Present); Managing Director and Global Head of ETFs, Indexed Strategies, SMAs and Model Portfolios, Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive Officer, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2023 - Present); Chief Executive Officer, Manager and Principal Executive Officer, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2023 –Present); Director, Co-Chief Executive Officer and Co-President, Invesco Capital Markets, Inc. (2020 – Present); Manager and President, Invesco Investment Advisers LLC (2020 – Present); formerly, Global Head of ETF Investments and Indexed Strategy (2020-2023); Global Head of ETF Investments (2017-2020); Head of Investments-PowerShares (2015-2017) and Executive Director, Product Development, Invesco Capital Markets, Inc. (2010-2015).
Adrien Deberghes — 1967 Invesco Capital Management LLC, 11 Greenway Plaza Houston, TX 77046	Vice President	Since 2020	Vice President, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2020-Present); Head of the Fund Office of the CFO, Fund Administration and Vice President, Invesco Advisers, Inc. (2020- Present); Principal Financial Officer, Treasurer (2020-Present) and Senior Vice President (2023-Present), The Invesco Funds; formerly, Vice President, The Invesco Funds (2020-2023; Senior Vice President and Treasurer, Fidelity Investments (2008-2020).
Kelli Gallegos — 1970 Invesco Capital Management LLC, 11 Greenway Plaza	Vice President and Treasurer	Since 2018	Vice President, Invesco Advisers, Inc. (2020-Present); Principal Financial and Accounting Officer- Pooled Investments, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2018-Present); Vice President and Treasurer, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Executive Officer	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During at Least the Past 5 Years
Houston, TX 77046			Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2018-Present); Principal Financial and Accounting Officer- Pooled Investments, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2018- Present); Vice President and Assistant Treasurer (2008-Present), The Invesco Funds; formerly, Principal Financial Officer (2016- 2020) and Assistant Vice President (2008-2016), The Invesco Funds; Assistant Treasurer, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2018); Assistant Treasurer, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust and Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust (2012-2018), Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust (2014-2018) and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2016- 2018); and Assistant Treasurer, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2013-2018).
Adam Henkel — 1980 Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Secretary	Since 2020	Head of Legal and Secretary, Invesco Capital Management LLC and Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2020-present); Secretary, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2020-Present); Assistant Secretary, Invesco Capital Markets, Inc. (2020-Present); Assistant Secretary, The Invesco Funds (2014-Present); Manager (2020-Present) and Secretary (2022-Present), Invesco Indexing LLC; Assistant Secretary, Invesco Investment Advisers LLC (2020-Present); formerly, Assistant Secretary of Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust and Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust (2014-2020); Chief Compliance Officer of Invesco Capital Management LLC (2017); Chief Compliance Officer of Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust and Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust (2017); Senior Counsel, Invesco, Ltd. (2013-2020); Assistant Secretary, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2018-2020).
Peter Hubbard — 1981 Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Vice President	Since 2009	Vice President, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2018- Present); Vice President, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange- Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust (2009-Present), Invesco Actively Managed Exchange- Traded Commodity Fund Trust (2014-Present) and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2016-Present); Vice President and Director of Portfolio Management, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2010-Present); Vice President, Invesco Advisers, Inc. (2020-Present); formerly, Vice President of Portfolio Management, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2008-2010); Portfolio Manager, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2007- 2008); Research Analyst, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2005-2007); Research Analyst and Trader, Ritchie Capital, a hedge fund operator (2003-2005).

Name, Address and Year of Birth of Executive Officer	Position(s) Held with Trust	Term of Office and Length of Time Served*	Principal Occupation(s) During at Least the Past 5 Years
Rudolf E. Reitmann — 1971 Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Vice President	Since 2013	Head of Global Exchange Traded Funds Services, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2018-Present); Vice President, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust (2013-Present), Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust (2014-Present) and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2016-Present); Head of Global Exchange Traded Funds Services, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2013- Present); Vice President, Invesco Capital Markets, Inc. (2018- Present).
Melanie Zimdars — 1976 Invesco Capital Management LLC 3500 Lacey Road Suite 700 Downers Grove, IL 60515	Chief Compliance Officer	Since 2017	Chief Compliance Officer, Invesco Specialized Products, LLC (2018-Present); Chief Compliance Officer, Invesco Capital Management LLC (2017-Present); Chief Compliance Officer, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Exchange-Traded Fund Trust II, Invesco India Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Fund Trust, Invesco Actively Managed Exchange-Traded Commodity Fund Trust and Invesco Exchange-Traded Self-Indexed Fund Trust (2017-Present); formerly, Vice President and Deputy Chief Compliance Officer, ALPS Holding, Inc. (2009-2017); Mutual Fund Treasurer/ Chief Financial Officer, Wasatch Advisors, Inc. (2005-2008); Compliance Officer, U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (2001-2005).

This is the date the Officer began serving the Trust in his or her current position. Each Officer serves an indefinite term, until his or her successor is elected.

For each Trustee, the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by the Trustee in the Funds and in all registered investment companies in the Fund Family overseen by the Trustee as of December 31, 2022, is shown below.

Name of Trustee	Dollar Range of Equity Securities Per Fund	Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Fund Family
Independent Trustees
Ronn R. Bagge	Invesco S&P 500® High Dividend Low Volatility ETF	Over $100,000
	Over $100,000
	Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF
	Over $100,000
	Invesco Senior Loan ETF
	$50,001 - $100,000
	Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF
	$50,001 - $100,000
	Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF
	$50,001 - $100,000

Todd J. Barre	Invesco Preferred ETF	Over $100,000
	Over $100,000
	Invesco Russell 1000 Equal Weight ETF
	Over $100,000
	Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF
	Over $100,000
	Invesco Senior Loan ETF

Name of Trustee	Dollar Range of Equity Securities Per Fund	Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Fund Family
	$50,001 - $100,000

Edmund P. Giambastiani, Jr.	Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF	$10,001 – 50,000
	$10,001 - $50,000
	Invesco Senior Loan ETF
	$10,001 - $50,000

Victoria J. Herget	Invesco KBW Bank ETF	Over $100,000
	$10,001 - $50,000
	Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF
	$10,001 - $50,000
	Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF
	$10,001 - $50,000

Marc M. Kole	Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF	Over $100,000
	$10,001 - $50,000
	Invesco Solar ETF
	$10,001 - $50,000

Yung Bong Lim	Invesco KBW Bank ETF	Over $100,000
	Over $100,000
	Invesco Variable Rate Preferred ETF
	Over $100,000

Joanne Pace	Invesco S&P 500® Low Volatility ETF	Over $100,000
	Over $100,000

Gary R. Wicker	None	Over $100,000

Donald H. Wilson	Invesco CEF Income Composite ETF	Over $100,000
	Over $100,000
	Invesco Senior Loan ETF
	$50,001 - $100,000
	Invesco Short Term Treasury ETF
	Over $100,000
	Invesco Taxable Municipal Bond ETF
	$50,001 - $100,000

The dollar range of equity securities for Messrs. Bagge and Lim and Ms. Pace shown above includes Shares of certain funds in which they are deemed to be invested pursuant to the Trust’s deferred compensation plan (“DC Plan”), which is described below.

As of December 31, 2022, as to each Independent Trustee and his or her immediate family members, no person owned, beneficially or of record, securities in an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds, or a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds.

Board and Committee Structure. As noted above, the Board is responsible for oversight of the Funds, including oversight of the duties performed by the Adviser for each Fund under the investment advisory agreement, as amended and restated, between the Adviser and the Trust, on behalf of each Fund (the

“Investment Advisory Agreement”). The Board generally meets in regularly scheduled meetings five times a year and may meet more often as required. During the Trust’s fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, the Board held six meetings.

The Board has three standing committees, the Audit Committee, the Investment Oversight Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee, and has delegated certain responsibilities to those Committees.

Mr. Kole (Chair), Ms. Pace, and Messrs. Wicker and Wilson currently serve as members of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee has the responsibility, among other things, to: (i) approve and recommend to the Board the selection of the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, (ii) review the scope of the independent registered public accounting firm’s audit activity, (iii) review the audited financial statements, and (iv) review with such independent registered public accounting firm the adequacy and the effectiveness of the Trust’s internal controls over financial reporting. During the Trust’s fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, the Audit Committee held six meetings.

Mr. Bagge, Dr. Barre, Admiral Giambastiani, Ms. Herget and Mr. Lim (Chair) currently serve as members of the Investment Oversight Committee. The Investment Oversight Committee has the responsibility, among other things, (i) to review fund investment performance, including tracking error and correlation to a Fund’s underlying index, (ii) to review any proposed changes to a Fund’s investment policies, comparative benchmark indices or underlying index, and (iii) to review a Fund’s market trading activities and portfolio transactions. The Investment Oversight Committee also oversees the Adviser’s process for fair valuing the Funds’ portfolio investments and receives reports from the Adviser regarding the fair valuation of the Funds’ portfolio investments in accordance with the Adviser’s Valuation Procedures, which have been approved by the Board (the “Valuation Procedures”). During the Trust’s fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, the Investment Oversight Committee held four meetings.

Mr. Bagge (Chair), Dr. Barre, Admiral Giambastiani, Ms. Herget, Messrs. Kole and Lim, Ms. Pace, and Messrs. Wicker and Wilson currently serve as members of the Nominating and Governance Committee. The Nominating and Governance Committee has the responsibility, among other things, to identify and recommend individuals for Board membership and evaluate candidates for Board membership. The Board will consider recommendations for trustees from shareholders. Nominations from shareholders should be in writing and sent to the Secretary of the Trust to the attention of the Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee, as described below under the caption “Shareholder Communications.” During the Trust’s fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, the Nominating and Governance Committee held four meetings.

Mr. Wilson, one of the Independent Trustees, serves as the chair of the Board (the “Independent Chair”). The Independent Chair, among other things, chairs the Board meetings, participates in the preparation of the Board agendas and serves as a liaison between, and facilitates communication among, the other Independent Trustees, the full Board, the Adviser and other service providers with respect to Board matters. Mr. Bagge, as Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee, serves as Vice Chair of the Board (“Vice Chair”). In the absence of the Independent Chair, the Vice Chair is responsible for all of the Independent Chair’s duties and may exercise any of the Independent Chair’s powers. The Chairs of each Committee also serve as liaisons between the Adviser and other service providers and the other Independent Trustees for matters pertaining to the respective Committee. The Board believes that its current leadership structure is appropriate taking into account the assets and number of funds in the Fund Family overseen by the Trustees, the size of the Board and the nature of the funds’ business, as the officers of the Trust provide the Board with insight as to the daily management of the funds while the Independent Chair promotes independent oversight of the funds by the Board.

Risk Oversight. Each Fund is subject to a number of risks, including operational, investment and compliance risks. The Board, directly and through its Committees, as part of its oversight responsibilities, oversees the services provided by the Adviser and the Trust’s other service providers in connection with the management and operations of the Funds, as well as their associated risks. Under the oversight of the Board, the Trust, the Adviser and other service providers have adopted policies, procedures and controls to address these risks. The Board, directly and through its Committees, receives and reviews information from the

Adviser, other service providers, the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm, Trust counsel and counsel to the Independent Trustees to assist it in its oversight responsibilities. This information includes, but is not limited to, reports regarding the Funds’ investments, including Fund performance and investment practices, valuation of Fund portfolio securities, and compliance. The Board also reviews, and must approve any proposed changes to, the Funds’ investment objective, policies and restrictions, and reviews any areas of non-compliance with the Funds’ investment policies and restrictions. The Audit Committee monitors the Trust’s accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control system and reviews any internal audit reports impacting the Trust. As part of its compliance oversight, the Board reviews the annual compliance report issued by the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer on the policies and procedures of the Trust and its service providers, proposed changes to those policies and procedures and quarterly reports on any material compliance issues that arose during the period.

Experience, Qualifications and Attributes. As noted above, the Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for identifying, evaluating and recommending trustee candidates. The Nominating and Governance Committee reviews the background and the educational, business and professional experience of trustee candidates and the candidates’ expected contributions to the Board. Trustees selected to serve on the Board are expected to possess relevant skills and experience, time availability and the ability to work well with the other Trustees. In addition to these qualities and based on each Trustee’s experience, qualifications and attributes and the Trustees’ combined contributions to the Board, the following is a b

	Page
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUNDS	1
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING	3
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS	3
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS	8
Investment Strategies	8
Investment Risks	8
Special Risks Associated with Investments in California	38
Special Risks Associated with Investments in New York	43
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER	49
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS	50
MANAGEMENT	50
BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS AND COMMISSIONS ON AFFILIATED TRANSACTIONS	102
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRUST	104
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNIT AGGREGATIONS	108
General	108
Role of the Authorized Participant	108
Creations	108
Creation Orders	110
Issuance of a Creation Unit	113
Creation and Redemption Transaction Fees	114
Redemptions	116
Redemption Requests	117
Issuance of Fund Securities	119
Regular Holidays	120
TAXES	120
Taxation of the Funds	121
FEDERAL TAX TREATMENT OF FUTURES AND OPTIONS CONTRACTS	137
DETERMINATION OF NAV	138
DIVIDENDS AND OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS	139
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION	140
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS	140
APPENDIX A	A-1