Subject to Completion—Dated October 16, 2023
The information in this Prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The Trust may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This Prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
 
  
 
 
 
WHITEWOLF PUBLICLY LISTED PRIVATE EQUITY ETF
Ticker Symbol: LBO

 
WHITEWOLF COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE FINANCE INCOME ETF
Ticker Symbol: CREF
 
(each a series of EA Series Trust)
 

 
Prospectus


December [ ], 2023
 
Each Listed on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.








 
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.



 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 

Page
 
 


 
WHITEWOLF is a registered service mark (U.S. Service Mark Reg. No. 3,967,222) of White Wolf Capital Group Inc.
 















- i - 



WHITEWOLF PUBLICLY LISTED PRIVATE EQUITY ETF
Fund Summary
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF (the “Fund” or “LBO”) seeks long-term capital appreciation and current income.
FEES AND EXPENSES
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (“Shares”). You may also pay brokerage commissions on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSES THAT YOU PAY EACH YEAR AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT)
Management Fee1
    0.70%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00%
Other Expenses2
    0.00%
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses2
    6.12%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
    6.82%
1
The Fund’s investment advisory agreement provides that the Adviser will pay substantially all expenses of the Fund, except for the fee payment under the Fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, payments under the Fund’s Rule 12b-1 Distribution and Service Plan, brokerage expenses, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest (including borrowing costs), litigation expense and other non-routine or extraordinary expenses. Additionally, the Fund shall be responsible for its non-operating expenses (see the italicized items in the preceding sentence) and fees and expenses associated with the Fund’s securities lending program, if applicable.
2
Other Expenses and Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (“AFFE”) are estimated for the current fiscal year. The Fund’s investments in other funds requires the fund to report a total annual fund operating expense ratio in its prospectus fee table that accounts for both the expenses that a fund pays directly out of its assets (direct expenses), and the expense ratios of the underlying funds, including business development companies (BDCs), in which it invests, which are called AFFEs. AFFEs are indirect expenses. This disclosure is designed to provide investors with a better understanding of the actual costs of investing in a fund that invests in other funds. Accordingly, the prospectus for LBO discloses its AFFEs which are in the table above. However, because these fees are not borne directly by the Fund, they will not be reflected in the expense information in LBO’s financial statements. Information presented in the prospectus table will differ from financial highlights presented in LBO’s reports to shareholders, when available.
EXAMPLE
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. You may also pay brokerage commissions on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the example. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
  One Year: Three Years:  
  $676 $1,991  
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund may pay transaction costs, including commissions when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. At the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and portfolio turnover data therefore is not available.
1


PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of U.S. publicly listed private equity companies. The Fund defines “listed private equity companies” as Leverage Finance Providers (as defined below) and Buyout Firms, Sponsors, and Asset Managers (as defined below) (collectively, “Listed Private Equity Companies”) that are listed and traded on a U.S. national securities exchange. Leverage Finance Providers include Business Development Companies (BDCs), finance companies, and direct lenders. Buyout Firms, Sponsors, and Asset Managers include companies whose principal business is to invest in or lend capital to privately held companies. The strategies these Listed Private Equity Companies use when investing in, lending capital to, or providing services to privately held companies may be characterized generally as follows: buyouts or leveraged buyouts, venture capital, special situations, growth investments and private infrastructure. The Sub-Adviser excludes banks, real estate-focused companies and/or real estate investment trusts from the Fund’s investment universe.
When selecting investments, White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC, the sub-adviser to the Fund (“White Wolf” or the “Sub-Adviser”), expects to evaluate a company’s credit performance and risk level, potential changes in the company’s earnings and dividend levels, the impact of changes in interest rates on the company, and differences among various companies in leverage and balance sheet structures. The Sub-Adviser may also consider a company’s valuation, financial strength, growth potential, competitive position in its industry, projected future earnings, and capital policies when selecting investments for the Fund. This strategy seeks to provide investors with the opportunity to gain exposure to a diversified basket of liquid assets with meaningful current income generation and long-term capital appreciation.
Generally, the Sub-Adviser intends to allocate the Fund’s assets among investments in Listed Private Equity Companies as follows: 40% to 60% of the Fund’s net assets invested in Leverage Finance Providers; and the remaining 40% to 60% of the Fund’s net assets invested in Buyout Firms, Sponsors, and Asset Managers. The foregoing portfolio allocation policy may be changed based on the Sub-Adviser’s view of the markets. It is anticipated that the Fund will hold 25 to 40 Listed Private Equity Companies within the portfolio. The Sub-Adviser will actively monitor the Fund’s portfolio and expects to rebalance the Fund’s portfolio at least quarterly. The Fund’s investments in Listed Private Equity Companies may be classified as small-, mid- or large- capitalization investments.
The Sub-Adviser’s security selection process applies a number of both qualitative and quantitative criteria to help identify the best investment opportunities from the Fund’s investment universe. With respect to qualitative selection criteria, the securities that fit the description above represent the entire universe of securities taken into consideration. The quantitative factors employed by the Sub-Adviser when selecting investments for the Fund focus on the following factors: liquidity, income, volatility, and value. When considering an investment’s liquidity, the Sub-Adviser analyzes, among other things, an investment’s market capitalization and the impact that has on its liquidity. Generally, companies with larger capitalization tend to have greater liquidity. The Fund may invest in small-, mid- and large capitalization companies as long as they satisfy the Sub-Adviser’s liquidity standards. Next, the Sub-Adviser analyzes a company’s volatility (i.e., the extent to which a company’s stock price moves up or down in relation to the overall market) seeking those companies that tend to be less volatile than the overall market. The Sub-Adviser then considers a company’s dividend yield, seeking those investments that provide the Fund with attractive current income. Lastly, the Sub-Adviser will analyze a company’s price/earnings ratio, looking for those investment opportunities that provide upside potential (i.e., those that have a low price-to-earnings ratio). The Sub-Adviser’s value-oriented approach is designed to identify investments that provide current income, low volatility, and the potential for capital appreciation.
The Fund concentrates ( i.e. , invests more than 25% of its total assets) in securities of companies in the financial services industry or group of related industries.
The Fund considers a “U.S.” company to be one (i) domiciled or with a principal place of business or primary securities trading market in the United States, or (ii) that derives more than 50% of its total revenues or profits from the United States and whose stock is listed on an exchange that trades contemporaneously with the Shares



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PRINCIPAL RISKS
An investment in the Fund involves risks, including those described below. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investor may lose money by investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency. More complete risk descriptions are set forth below under the heading “Additional Information About the Fund’s Risks”.
Each risk summarized below is considered a “principal risk” of investing in the Fund, regardless of the order in which it appears. As with any investment, there is a risk you could lose all or a portion of your investment in the Fund. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s NAV, trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives.
Equity Investing Risk. An investment in the Fund involves risks similar to those of investing in any fund holding equity securities, such as market fluctuations, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in stock prices. The values of equity securities could decline generally or could underperform other investments. In addition, securities may decline in value due to factors affecting a specific issuer, a specific market or securities markets generally.
Investment Risk. When you sell your Shares of the Fund, they could be worth less than what you paid for them. The Fund could lose money due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns. Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular asset classes or industries represented in the markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or to factors that affect a particular industry or group of industries. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Therefore, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Listed Private Equity Companies Risk. There are certain risks inherent in investing in listed private equity companies, which encompass financial institutions or vehicles whose principal business is to invest in and lend capital to or provide services to privately held companies. Generally, little public information exists for private and thinly traded companies, and there is a risk that investors may not be able to make a fully informed investment decision. The Fund is also subject to the underlying risks which affect the listed private equity companies in which the financial institutions or vehicles held by the Fund invest. Listed private equity companies are subject to various risks depending on their underlying investments, which include additional liquidity risk, industry risk, foreign security risk, currency risk, valuation risk and credit risk. Listed private equity companies may have relatively concentrated investment portfolios, consisting of a relatively small number of holdings, which may be adversely impacted by the poor performance of a small number of investments. By investing in companies in the capital markets whose business is to lend money, there is a risk that the issuer may default on its payments or declare bankruptcy.
Business Development Company (BDC) Risk. BDCs generally invest in less mature U.S. private companies or thinly traded U.S. public companies which involve greater risk than well-established publicly traded companies. While the BDCs in which the Fund invests are expected to generate income in the form of dividends, certain BDCs during certain periods of time may not generate such income. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and other operating expenses incurred by the BDCs and of any performance-based or incentive fees payable by the BDCs in which it invests, in addition to the expenses paid by the Fund. A BDC’s incentive fee may be very high, vary from year to year and be payable even if the value of the BDC’s portfolio declines in a given time period. The use of leverage by BDCs magnifies gains and losses on amounts invested and increases the risks associated with investing in BDCs. A BDC may make investments with a larger amount of risk of volatility and loss of principal than other investment options and may also be highly speculative and aggressive.
Financial Services Concentration Risk. The Fund may be susceptible to adverse economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the financial services industry. Financial services companies are subject to extensive government regulation and, as a result, their profitability may be affected by new regulations or regulatory interpretations. Unstable interest rates can have a disproportionate effect on the financial services industry, and financial services companies whose securities the Fund may purchase may themselves have concentrated portfolios, which makes them vulnerable to economic conditions that affect that industry. Financial services
3


companies have also been affected by increased competition, which could adversely affect the profitability or viability of such companies.
 ETF Risks
Authorized Participants, Market Makers and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.
Premium-Discount Risk. The Shares may trade above or below their net asset value (“NAV”). The market prices of Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply of, and demand for, Shares on the Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (the “Exchange”) or other securities exchanges. The trading price of Shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility or limited trading activity in Shares.
Cost of Trading Risk. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares.
Trading Risk. Although the Shares are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active or liquid trading market for them will be maintained. In addition, trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of the Fund’s Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of its underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than the Fund’s Shares, potentially causing the market price of the Fund’s Shares to deviate from its NAV.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. It is possible the investment techniques and risk analyses employed on behalf of the Fund will not produce the desired results.
Periodic Reallocation Risk. Because the Sub-Adviser will generally reallocate the Fund’s portfolio on a quarterly basis, (i) the Fund’s market exposure may be affected by significant market movements promptly following the periodic reconstitution that are not predictive of the market’s performance for the subsequent period and (ii) changes to the Fund’s market exposure may lag a significant change in the market’s direction (up or down) by as long as a quarter if such changes first take effect promptly following the periodic reconstitution. Such lags between market performance and changes to the Fund’s exposure may result in significant underperformance relative to the broader equity market.
Large-Capitalization Companies Risk. Large-capitalization companies may trail the returns of the overall stock market. Large-capitalization stocks tend to go through cycles of doing better - or worse - than the stock market in general. These periods have, in the past, lasted for as long as several years.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small- and medium- capitalization companies involves greater risk than customarily is associated with investing in larger, more established companies. These companies’ securities may be more volatile and less liquid than those of more established companies. Often small- and medium-capitalization companies and the industries in which they focus are still evolving and, as a result, they may be more sensitive to changing market conditions.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, meaning that it is permitted to invest a larger percentage of its assets in fewer issuers than diversified funds. Thus, the Fund may be more susceptible to adverse developments affecting any single issuer held in its portfolio and may be more susceptible to greater losses because of these developments.
Geopolitical/Natural Disaster Risks. The Fund’s investments are subject to geopolitical and natural disaster risks, such as war, terrorism, trade disputes, political or economic dysfunction within some nations, public health crises and related geopolitical events, as well as environmental disasters, epidemics and/or pandemics, which may add to instability in world economies and volatility in markets. The impact may be short-term or may last for extended periods.
4


New Sub-Adviser Risk. Although the Sub-Adviser’s principals and the Fund’s portfolio managers have experience managing investments in the past, the Sub-Adviser has no experience managing investments for an ETF, which may limit the Sub-Adviser’s effectiveness.
New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision. There can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size. In addition, large inflows and outflows may impact the Fund’s market exposure for limited periods of time. This impact may be positive or negative, depending on the direction of market movement during the period affected.
PERFORMANCE
Performance information is not provided below because the Fund has not yet been in operation for one full calendar year. When provided, the information will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Fund’s average annual returns compare with a broad measure of market performance. Past performance does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.lbo.fund or by calling the Fund at (215) 882-9983.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Investment Adviser:   Empowered Funds, LLC dba EA Advisers (“Adviser”)
Investment Sub-Adviser:   White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC (“Sub-Adviser”)
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Elie P. Azar and Rahul Hukeri have been primarily and jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund since its inception.
SUMMARY INFORMATION ABOUT PURCHASES, SALES, TAXES, AND FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY COMPENSATION
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES
The Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis only in large blocks of Shares, typically 10,000 Shares, called “Creation Units,” and only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed ‘in-kind’ for securities and partially in cash. Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. Once created, individual Shares generally trade in the secondary market at market prices that change throughout the day. Market prices of Shares may be greater or less than their NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s shares are not redeemable securities.
TAX INFORMATION
The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gain, or some combination of both, unless your investment is in an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”) or other tax-advantaged account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific tax situation.
PURCHASES THROUGH BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend Shares over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
 
5


WHITEWOLF COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE FINANCE INCOME ETF
Fund Summary
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF (the “Fund” or “CREF”) seeks total return through dividends and capital appreciation.
FEES AND EXPENSES
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (“Shares”). You may also pay brokerage commissions on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the table and example below.
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (EXPENSES THAT YOU PAY EACH YEAR AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE VALUE OF YOUR INVESTMENT)
Management Fee1
    0.70%
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00%
Other Expenses2
    0.00%
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses2
    0.00%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
    0.70%
1
The Fund’s investment advisory agreement provides that the Adviser will pay substantially all expenses of the Fund, except for the fee payment under the Fund’s Investment Advisory Agreement, payments under the Fund’s Rule 12b-1 Distribution and Service Plan, brokerage expenses, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes, interest (including borrowing costs), litigation expense and other non-routine or extraordinary expenses. Additionally, the Fund shall be responsible for its non-operating expenses (see the italicized items in the preceding sentence) and fees and expenses associated with the Fund’s securities lending program, if applicable.
2
Other Expenses and Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (“AFFE”) are estimated for the current fiscal year. The Fund’s investments in other funds requires the Fund to report a total annual fund operating expense ratio in its prospectus fee table that accounts for both the expenses that the Fund pays directly out of its assets (direct expenses), and the expense ratios of the underlying funds, in which it invests, which are called AFFEs. AFFEs are indirect expenses. This disclosure is designed to provide investors with a better understanding of the actual costs of investing in a fund that invests in other funds.
EXAMPLE
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. You may also pay brokerage commissions on the purchase and sale of Shares, which are not reflected in the example. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
  One Year: Three Years:  
  $72 $224  
PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund may pay transaction costs, including commissions when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. At the date of this Prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and portfolio turnover data therefore is not available.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of U.S. publicly listed commercial real estate finance companies and related businesses. The Fund defines “listed commercial real estate finance companies” as
6


commercial mortgage real estate investment trusts (REITs) (“Commercial Mortgage REITs”), commercial equity REITs (“Commercial REITs”), and operating companies that are primarily engaged in commercial real estate finance (“Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors”) (collectively, “Commercial Real Estate Finance Companies and Related Businesses”) that are listed and traded on a U.S. national securities exchange. Commercial Mortgage REITs provide primarily debt financing for commercial real estate projects (e.g., office buildings, hotels, healthcare facilities, multifamily residential condos, retail spaces, telecom, data centers, and mixed-use properties), while Commercial REITs invest primarily equity capital in commercial real estate projects. Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors are publicly traded asset managers, private equity real estate sponsors, and advisors that provide services to the commercial real estate industry.
The Fund considers a “U.S.” company to be one (i) domiciled or with a principal place of business or primary securities trading market in the United States, or (ii) that derives more than 50% of its total revenues or profits from the United States and whose stock is listed on an exchange that trades contemporaneously with the Shares. The Fund does not intend to invest in companies or REITs that provide exposure to residential financing.
White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC, the Fund’s sub-adviser (“White Wolf” or the “Sub-Adviser”), is responsible for implementing the Fund’s investment strategy. Generally, the Sub-Adviser expects to allocate approximately 80% or more of the Fund’s portfolio to Commercial Real Estate Finance Companies and Related Businesses. The Fund’s allocation among the various types of companies within the Fund’s investment universe of Commercial Real Estate Finance Companies and Related Businesses (i.e., Commercial Mortgage REITs, Commercial REITs, Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors). It is anticipated that the Fund will hold 25 to 40 positions within the portfolio. The Sub-Adviser will actively monitor the Fund’s portfolio and expects to rebalance the Fund’s portfolio at least quarterly.
The Sub-Adviser’s security selection process applies a number of both qualitative and quantitative criteria to help identify the best investment opportunities from the Fund’s investment universe. The qualitative criteria refer to the equity securities of U.S. publicly traded Commercial Mortgage REITs, Commercial REITs, and Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors . With respect to qualitative selection criteria, the securities that fit the description above represent the entire universe of securities taken into consideration. The quantitative factors employed by the Sub-Adviser when selecting investments for the Fund focus on the following factors: liquidity, income, volatility, and value. When considering an investment’s liquidity, the Sub-Adviser analyzes, among other things, an investment’s market capitalization and the impact that has on its liquidity. Generally, companies with larger capitalization tend to have greater liquidity. The Fund may invest in small-, mid- and large capitalization companies as long as they satisfy the Sub-Adviser’s liquidity standards. Next, the Sub-Adviser analyzes a company’s volatility (i.e., the extent to which a company’s stock price moves up or down in relation to the overall market) seeking those companies that tend to be less volatile than the overall market. The Sub-Adviser then considers a company’s dividend yield, seeking those investments that provide the Fund with attractive current income. Lastly, the Sub-Adviser will analyze a company’s price/earnings ratio, looking for those investment opportunities that provide upside potential (i.e., those that have a low price-to-earnings ratio). The Sub-Adviser’s value-oriented approach is designed to identify investments that provide current income, low volatility and the potential for capital appreciation.
The Fund concentrates ( i.e. , invests more than 25% of its total assets) in securities of companies in the commercial real estate industry or group of related industries.
PRINCIPAL RISKS
An investment in the Fund involves risks, including those described below. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. An investor may lose money by investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency. More complete risk descriptions are set forth below under the heading “Additional Information About the Fund’s Risks”.
Each risk summarized below is considered a “principal risk” of investing in the Fund, regardless of the order in which it appears. As with any investment, there is a risk you could lose all or a portion of your investment in the Fund. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Fund’s NAV, trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives.
Equity Investing Risk. An investment in the Fund involves risks similar to those of investing in any fund holding equity securities, such as market fluctuations, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in stock prices. The values of equity securities could decline generally or could underperform other investments. In
7


addition, securities may decline in value due to factors affecting a specific issuer, a specific market or securities markets generally.
Value Style Risk. The Fund follows a value investment style. Risks that accompany this investment style include, among others, the risk that the value style may be out of favor for long periods of time, that the market will not recognize a security’s intrinsic value for a long time or at all, and that a stock judged to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced or overvalued. Issuers of value stocks may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused the stock to be out of favor. In addition, the Fund’s value investment style may go out of favor with investors, negatively affecting the Fund’s performance. If the Fund’s assessment of market conditions or a company’s value is inaccurate, the Fund could suffer losses or produce poor performance relative to other funds.
Investment Risk. When you sell your Shares of the Fund, they could be worth less than what you paid for them. The Fund could lose money due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns. Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular asset classes or industries represented in the markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or to factors that affect a particular industry or group of industries. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Therefore, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Real Estate Industry Concentration Risk. The Fund’s commercial real estate investments will be significantly impacted by the performance of the commercial real estate market and may experience more volatility and be exposed to greater risk than a more diversified portfolio. The value of companies engaged in the commercial real estate industry is affected by: (i) changes in general economic and market conditions; (ii) changes in the value of real estate properties; (iii) risks related to local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition; (iv) increases in property taxes and operating expenses; (v) changes in zoning laws; (vi) casualty and condemnation losses; (vii) variations in rental income or the appeal of property to tenants; (viii) the availability of financing and (ix) changes in interest rates and leverage. There are also special risks associated with particular commercial real estate sectors, or real estate operations generally. The Fund’s investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate, including but not limited to the following:
Tenant Related Risks. The leases on the properties underlying the Fund’s investments may not be renewed on favorable terms or the occupancy rate of various properties may fall in a manner which adversely affects the Fund’s investments. Bankruptcies, financial difficulties or defaults by tenants of the properties in which the Fund invests may adversely affect the Fund.
Real Estate Operators Risk. Real estate operators, property managers or any other third party may experience financial difficulties (e.g., bankruptcy) that could result in a loss of value in the Fund’s investments. Property managers can make decisions that result in increased operating and maintenance related costs.
Development Related Risks. These risks include cost overruns and non-completion of the construction or renovation of the properties owned, directly or indirectly, by the Fund. The expenses related to renovations may affect the value of the Fund’s investments.
Concentration Risk. Real estate companies may lack diversification due to ownership of a limited number of properties or concentration in a particular geographic region or property type.
Interest Rate Risk. Rising interest rates could result in higher costs of capital for real estate companies, which could negatively impact a real estate company’s ability to meet its payment obligations. The Fund may face a heightened level of interest rate risk due to certain changes in monetary policy, such as interest rate changes by the Federal Reserve.
Property Risk. Real estate companies may be subject to risks relating to functional obsolescence or reduced desirability of properties; extended vacancies; catastrophic events; and casualty or condemnation losses. Real estate income and values also may be greatly affected by demographic trends, changing tastes and values, or increasing vacancies or declining rents.
Regulatory Risk. Real estate income and values may be adversely affected by such factors as applicable domestic and foreign laws (including tax laws). Government actions, such as tax increases, zoning law changes or environmental regulations, also may have a major impact on real estate.
8


Repayment Risk. The prices of real estate company securities may drop because of the failure of borrowers to repay their loans, poor management, and the inability to obtain financing either on favorable terms or at all. If the properties do not generate sufficient income to meet operating expenses, ground lease payments, tenant improvements, third-party leasing commissions and other capital expenditures, the income and ability of the real estate company to make payments of interest and principal on their loans will be adversely affected.
REITs Risk. In addition to the risks associated with investing in securities of commercial real estate companies and commercial real estate related companies, REITs are subject to certain additional risks. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying properties owned by the trusts. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and cash flows, and may have their investments in relatively few properties, or in a small geographic area or a single property type. Failure of a company to qualify as a REIT under federal tax law may have adverse consequences to the fund. In addition, REITs have their own expenses, and the Fund will bear a proportionate share of those expenses. In addition to these risks, the Fund’s investments in Mortgage REITs, Office REITs and Industrial REITS will be subject to these additional risks:
Mortgage REITs. Mortgage REITs are exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates, changes in credit spreads, and declines in real estate values. Debt investments are also subject to loss in value due to high or sustained inflation because the debt could be paid back in significantly depreciated currency.
Office REITs. Office REITs are affected by a downturn in the businesses operated by their tenants. Also, the trend toward more businesses allowing work-from-home policies may adversely affect this industry.
Industrial REITs. Industrial properties are affected by downturns in the manufacturing, processing, and shipping of goods.
ETF Risks
Authorized Participants, Market Makers and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.
Premium-Discount Risk. The Shares may trade above or below their net asset value (“NAV”). The market prices of Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply of, and demand for, Shares on the Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (the “Exchange”) or other securities exchanges. The trading price of Shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility or limited trading activity in Shares.
Cost of Trading Risk. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares.
Trading Risk. Although the Shares are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active or liquid trading market for them will be maintained. In addition, trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of the Fund’s Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of its underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than the Fund’s Shares, potentially causing the market price of the Fund’s Shares to deviate from its NAV.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. It is possible the investment techniques and risk analyses employed on behalf of the Fund will not produce the desired results.
Periodic Reallocation Risk. Because the Sub-Adviser will generally reallocate the Fund’s portfolio on a quarterly basis, (i) the Fund’s market exposure may be affected by significant market movements promptly following the periodic reconstitution that are not predictive of the market’s performance for the subsequent period and (ii) changes to the Fund’s market exposure may lag a significant change in the market’s direction (up or down) by as long as a quarter if such changes first take effect promptly following the periodic reconstitution.
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Such lags between market performance and changes to the Fund’s exposure may result in significant underperformance relative to the broader equity market.
Large-Capitalization Companies Risk. Large-capitalization companies may trail the returns of the overall stock market. Large-capitalization stocks tend to go through cycles of doing better - or worse - than the stock market in general. These periods have, in the past, lasted for as long as several years.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. Investing in securities of small- and medium- capitalization companies involve greater risk than customarily is associated with investing in larger, more established companies. These companies’ securities may be more volatile and less liquid than those of more established companies. Often small- and medium-capitalization companies and the industries in which they focus are still evolving and, as a result, they may be more sensitive to changing market conditions.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, meaning that it is permitted to invest a larger percentage of its assets in fewer issuers than diversified funds. Thus, the Fund may be more susceptible to adverse developments affecting any single issuer held in its portfolio and may be more susceptible to greater losses because of these developments.
Geopolitical/Natural Disaster Risks. The Fund’s investments are subject to geopolitical and natural disaster risks, such as war, terrorism, trade disputes, political or economic dysfunction within some nations, public health crises and related geopolitical events, as well as environmental disasters, epidemics and/or pandemics, which may add to instability in world economies and volatility in markets. The impact may be short-term or may last for extended periods.
New Sub-Adviser Risk. Although the Sub-Adviser’s principals and the Fund’s portfolio managers have experience managing investments in the past, the Sub-Adviser has no experience managing investments for an ETF, which may limit the Sub-Adviser’s effectiveness.
New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision. There can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size. In addition, large inflows and outflows may impact the Fund’s market exposure for limited periods of time. This impact may be positive or negative, depending on the direction of market movement during the period affected.
PERFORMANCE
Performance information is not provided below because the Fund has not yet been in operation for one full calendar year. When provided, the information will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Fund’s average annual returns compare with a broad measure of market performance. Past performance does not necessarily indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.cref.fund or by calling the Fund at (215) 882-9983.
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Investment Adviser:   Empowered Funds, LLC dba EA Advisers (“Adviser”)
Investment Sub-Adviser:   White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC (“Sub-Adviser”)
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Elie P. Azar and Rahul Hukeri have been primarily and jointly responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund since its inception.
SUMMARY INFORMATION ABOUT PURCHASES, SALES, TAXES, AND FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY COMPENSATION
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES
The Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis only in large blocks of Shares, typically 10,000 Shares, called “Creation Units,” and only APs (typically, broker-dealers) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed ‘in-kind’ for securities and partially in cash. Individual Shares may only be purchased and sold in secondary market transactions through brokers. Once created, individual Shares generally trade in the secondary market at market prices that change throughout the day. Market prices of Shares may be greater or less than their NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s shares are not redeemable securities.
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TAX INFORMATION
The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gain, or some combination of both, unless your investment is in an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”) or other tax-advantaged account. However, subsequent withdrawals from such a tax-advantaged account may be subject to federal income tax. You should consult your tax advisor about your specific tax situation.
PURCHASES THROUGH BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend Shares over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
 
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS
HOW ARE THE FUNDS DIFFERENT FROM A MUTUAL FUND?
Redeemability. Mutual fund shares may be bought from, and redeemed with, the issuing fund for cash at NAV typically calculated once at the end of the business day. Shares of a Fund, by contrast, cannot be purchased from or redeemed with the Fund except by or through APs (typically, broker-dealers), and then principally for an in-kind basket of securities (and a limited cash amount). In addition, each Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis only in large blocks of Shares, typically 10,000 Shares, called “Creation Units.”
Exchange Listing. Unlike mutual fund shares, Shares of each Fund will be listed for trading on the Exchange. Investors can purchase and sell Shares on the secondary market through a broker. Investors purchasing Shares in the secondary market through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges. Secondary-market transactions do not occur at NAV, but at market prices that change throughout the day, based on the supply of, and demand for, Shares and on changes in the prices of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. The market price of Shares may differ from the NAV of a Fund. The difference between market price of Shares and the NAV of a Fund is called a premium when the market price is above the reported NAV and called a discount when the market price is below the reported NAV, and the difference is expected to be small most of the time, though it may be significant, especially in times of extreme market volatility.
Tax Treatment. The Funds and their Shares have been designed to be tax efficient. Specifically, the in-kind creation and redemption feature has been designed to protect Fund shareholders from adverse tax consequences applicable to non-ETF registered investment companies as a result of cash transactions in the non-ETF registered investment company’s shares, including cash redemptions. Nevertheless, to the extent redemptions from a Fund are paid in cash, the Fund may realize capital gains or losses, including in some cases short-term capital gains, upon the sale of portfolio securities to generate the cash to satisfy the redemption.
Transparency. Each Fund’s portfolio holdings are disclosed on the Fund’s website daily after the close of trading on the Exchange and prior to the opening of trading on the Exchange the following day. A description of a Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio holdings is available in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
Premium/Discount Information. Information about the premiums and discounts at which a Fund’s Shares have traded will be available at www.lbo.fund and www.cref.fund.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS’ INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND STRATEGIES
Each Fund’s investment objective is a non-fundamental investment policy and may be changed without a vote of shareholders with prior written notice to shareholders. Shareholders will be provided with at least 60 days advance written notice of such change.
WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF
WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF (the “Fund” or “LBO”) seeks long-term capital appreciation and current income.
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of U.S. publicly listed private equity companies. The Fund defines “listed private equity companies” as Leverage Finance Providers (as defined below) and Buyout Firms, Sponsors, and Asset Managers (as defined below) (collectively, “Listed Private Equity Companies”) that are listed and traded on a U.S. national securities exchange. Leverage Finance Providers include Business Development Companies (BDCs), finance companies, and direct lenders. Buyout Firms, Sponsors, and Asset Managers include companies whose principal business is to invest in or lend capital to privately held companies. The strategies these Listed Private Equity Companies use when investing in, lending capital to, or providing services to privately held companies may be characterized generally as follows: buyouts or leveraged buyouts, venture capital, special situations, growth investments and private infrastructure. The Sub-Adviser excludes banks, real estate-focused companies and/or real estate investment trusts from the Fund’s investment universe.
The Listed Private Equity Companies typically make direct investments in private enterprises that may be involved in investment strategies that include, but are not limited to:
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Growth Investments. Growth investments are typically minority investments with little or no leverage in fast-growing companies that seek capital for further expansion. Growth equity strategies have the potential to provide attractive upside in a private equity portfolio, provided there is strong underlying growth of the respective economy or specific sector.
Special Situations. The objective of special situations investments is to invest in underperforming or distressed companies and facilitate a turnaround which may result in the company going through a bankruptcy or other restructuring process.
Venture Capital. Venture capital investments are typically made in new and emerging companies, often in the technology and healthcare sectors. Companies financed by venture capital are generally not cash flow positive at the time of investment and may require several rounds of financing before the company can be sold privately or taken public.
Buyouts. The standard buyout or leveraged buyout involves the acquisition or recapitalization of existing companies or divisions of businesses in order to reposition them for growth and operational improvement. Buyouts may involve carve-outs of larger organizations or the purchase of family-owned enterprises with the ability to expand.
Private Infrastructure. Private infrastructure investments typically include investments in equity securities of companies that focus on utilities and/or transportation infrastructure.
The Fund’s exposure to Listed Private Equity Companies that invest based on these strategies will vary over time depending on the Sub-Adviser’s view of a company’s investment merits under current market conditions.
When selecting investments, White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC, the sub-adviser to the Fund (“White Wolf” or the “Sub-Adviser”), expects to evaluate a company’s credit performance and risk level, potential changes in the company’s earnings and dividend levels, the impact of changes in interest rates on the company, and differences among various companies in leverage and balance sheet structures. The Sub-Adviser may also consider a company’s valuation, financial strength, growth potential, competitive position in its industry, projected future earnings, and capital policies when selecting investments for the Fund. This strategy seeks to provide investors with the opportunity to gain exposure to a diversified basket of liquid assets with meaningful current income generation and long-term capital appreciation.
Generally, the Sub-Adviser intends to allocate the Fund’s assets among investments in Listed Private Equity Companies as follows: 40% to 60% of the Fund’s net assets invested in Leverage Finance Providers; and the remaining 40% to 60% of the Fund’s net assets invested in Buyout Firms, Sponsors, and Asset Managers. The foregoing portfolio allocation policy may be changed based on the Sub-Adviser’s view of the markets. It is anticipated that the Fund will hold 25 to 40 Listed Private Equity Companies within the portfolio. The Sub-Adviser will actively monitor the Fund’s portfolio and expects to rebalance the Fund’s portfolio at least quarterly. The Fund’s investments in Listed Private Equity Companies may be classified as small-, mid- or large- capitalization investments. In addition, any investment in a listed private equity company that derives 15% or more of its revenue from securities-related transaction activity on a trailing 12-month basis may not exceed 5% of the Fund’s portfolio.
The Sub-Adviser’s security selection process applies a number of both qualitative and quantitative criteria to help identify the best investment opportunities from the Fund’s investment universe. With respect to qualitative selection criteria, the securities that fit the description above represent the entire universe of securities taken into consideration. The quantitative factors employed by the Sub-Adviser when selecting investments for the Fund focus on the following factors: liquidity, income, volatility, and value. When considering an investment’s liquidity, the Sub-Adviser analyzes, among other things, an investment’s market capitalization and the impact that has on its liquidity. Generally, companies with larger capitalization tend to have greater liquidity. The Fund may invest in small-, mid- and large capitalization companies as long as they satisfy the Sub-Adviser’s liquidity standards. Next, the Sub-Adviser analyzes a company’s volatility (i.e., the extent to which a company’s stock price moves up or down in relation to the overall market) seeking those companies that tend to be less volatile than the overall market. The Sub-Adviser then considers a company’s dividend yield, seeking those investments that provide the Fund with attractive current income. Lastly, the Sub-Adviser will analyze a company’s price/earnings ratio, looking for those investment opportunities that provide upside potential (i.e., those that have a low price-to-earnings ratio). The Sub-Adviser’s value-oriented approach is designed to identify investments that provide current income, low volatility, and the potential for capital appreciation.
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Business Development Companies. The Fund’s investments in exchange-traded BDCs are expected to provide the Fund with exposure to small and middle-market companies. To qualify as a BDC, an entity must be organized under the laws of, and have its principal place of business in, the United States, be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). BDCs are vehicles whose principal business is to invest in, lend capital to or provide services to privately held U.S. companies or thinly traded U.S. public companies. When selecting BDCs for investment, the Sub-Adviser generally seeks those providing a dividend yield. Managerial acumen is another factor considered by the Sub-Adviser when selecting BDCs. BDCs are special investment vehicles designed to facilitate capital formation for small and middle-market companies. BDCs are closed-end investment companies subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). The Fund intends to rely on Rule 12d1-4 of the 1940 Act when investing in other investment companies, including its investments in BDCs This limitation could inhibit the Fund’s ability to purchase shares of certain BDCs to the Sub-Adviser’s desired level.
The Fund concentrates (i.e., invests more than 25% of its total assets) in securities of companies in the financial services industry or group of related industries.
The Fund considers a “U.S.” company to be one (i) domiciled or with a principal place of business or primary securities trading market in the United States, or (ii) that derives more than 50% of its total revenues or profits from the United States and whose stock is listed on an exchange that trades contemporaneously with the Shares
WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF
WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF (the “Fund” or “CREF”) seeks total return through dividends and capital appreciation.
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets (plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities of U.S. publicly listed commercial real estate finance companies and related businesses. The Fund defines “listed commercial real estate finance companies” as commercial mortgage real estate investment trusts (REITs) (“Commercial Mortgage REITs”), commercial equity REITs (“Commercial REITs”), and operating companies that are primarily engaged in commercial real estate finance (“Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors”) (collectively, “Commercial Real Estate Finance Companies and Related Businesses”) that are listed and traded on a U.S. national securities exchange. Commercial Mortgage REITs provide primarily debt financing for commercial real estate projects (e.g., office buildings, hotels, healthcare facilities, multifamily residential condos, retail spaces, telecom, data centers, and mixed-use properties), while Commercial REITs invest primarily equity capital in commercial real estate projects. Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors are publicly traded asset managers, private equity real estate sponsors, and advisors that provide services to the commercial real estate industry.
The Fund considers a “U.S.” company to be one (i) domiciled or with a principal place of business or primary securities trading market in the United States, or (ii) that derives more than 50% of its total revenues or profits from the United States and whose stock is listed on an exchange that trades contemporaneously with the Shares. The Fund does not intend to invest in companies or REITs that provide exposure to residential financing.
White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC, the Fund’s sub-adviser (“White Wolf” or the “Sub-Adviser”), is responsible for implementing the Fund’s investment strategy. Generally, the Sub-Adviser expects to allocate approximately 80% or more of the Fund’s portfolio to Commercial Real Estate Finance Companies and Related Businesses. The Fund’s allocation among the various types of companies within the Fund’s investment universe of Commercial Real Estate Finance Companies and Related Businesses (i.e., Commercial Mortgage REITs, Commercial REITs, Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors). It is anticipated that the Fund will hold 25 to 40 positions within the portfolio. The Sub-Adviser will actively monitor the Fund’s portfolio and expects to rebalance the Fund’s portfolio at least quarterly.
The Sub-Adviser’s security selection process applies a number of both qualitative and quantitative criteria to help identify the best investment opportunities from the Fund’s investment universe. The qualitative criteria refer to the equity securities of U.S. publicly traded Commercial Mortgage REITs, Commercial REITs, and Asset Managers, Sponsors, and Advisors. With respect to qualitative selection criteria, the securities that fit the description above represent the entire universe of securities taken into consideration. The quantitative factors employed by the Sub-Adviser when selecting investments for the Fund focus on the following factors: liquidity, income, volatility, and value. When considering an investment’s liquidity, the Sub-Adviser analyzes, among other things, an investment’s market capitalization and the impact that has on its liquidity. Generally, companies
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with larger capitalization tend to have greater liquidity. The Fund may invest in small-, mid- and large capitalization companies as long as they satisfy the Sub-Adviser’s liquidity standards. Next, the Sub-Adviser analyzes a company’s volatility (i.e., the extent to which a company’s stock price moves up or down in relation to the overall market) seeking those companies that tend to be less volatile than the overall market. The Sub-Adviser then considers a company’s dividend yield, seeking those investments that provide the Fund with attractive current income. Lastly, the Sub-Adviser will analyze a company’s price/earnings ratio, looking for those investment opportunities that provide upside potential (i.e., those that have a low price-to-earnings ratio). The Sub-Adviser’s value-oriented approach is designed to identify investments that provide current income, low volatility and the potential for capital appreciation.
The Fund concentrates (i.e., invests more than 25% of its total assets) in securities of companies in the commercial real estate industry or group of related industries.
Temporary Defensive Positions. From time to time, a Fund may take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with its principal investment strategies in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions. In those instances, a Fund may hold up to 100% of its assets in cash; short-term U.S. government securities and government agency securities; investment grade money market instruments; money market mutual funds; investment grade fixed income securities; repurchase agreements; commercial paper; cash equivalents; and exchange-traded investment vehicles that principally invest in the foregoing instruments. As a result of engaging in these temporary measures, a Fund may not achieve its investment objective.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS’ RISKS
The information below provides additional information about the risks of investing in each Fund, including the principal risks identified under “Principal Risks” in each Fund Summary. A risk applies to each Fund unless noted otherwise.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Risk. Holding cash or cash equivalents rather than securities or other instruments in which the Fund primarily invests, even strategically, may cause the Fund to risk losing opportunities to participate in market appreciation, and may cause the Fund to experience potentially lower returns than the Fund’s benchmark or other funds that remain fully invested. In rising markets, holding cash or cash equivalents will negatively affect the Fund’s performance relative to its benchmark.
Equity Investing Risk. An investment in the Fund involves risks similar to those of investing in any fund holding equity securities, such as market fluctuations, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in stock prices. The values of equity securities could decline generally or could underperform other investments. In addition, securities may decline in value due to factors affecting a specific issuer, a specific market or securities markets generally.
Investment Risk. When you sell your Shares of the Fund, they could be worth less than what you paid for them. The Fund could lose money due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns. Securities may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular asset classes or industries represented in the markets. The value of a security may decline due to general market conditions, economic trends or events that are not specifically related to the issuer of the security or to factors that affect a particular industry or group of industries. During a general downturn in the securities markets, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Therefore, you may lose money by investing in the Fund.
Value Style Risk. (WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF) The Fund follows a value investment style. Risks that accompany this investment style include, among others, the risk that the value style may be out of favor for long periods of time, that the market will not recognize a security’s intrinsic value for a long time or at all, or that a stock judged to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced or overvalued. Issuers of value stocks may have experienced adverse business developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused the stock to be out of favor. In addition, the Fund’s value investment style may go out of favor with investors, negatively affecting the Fund’s performance. If the Fund’s assessment of market conditions or a company’s value is inaccurate, the Fund could suffer losses or produce poor performance relative to other funds.
Listed Private Equity Companies (WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF). Certain risks are inherent in investing in listed private equity companies, which encompass BDCs and other financial institutions or vehicles whose principal business is to invest in and lend capital to privately held companies. Generally, little public information exists for private and thinly traded companies, and there is a risk that investors may not be able to make a fully informed investment decision. With investments in debt instruments, there is a risk that the
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issuer may default on its payments or declare bankruptcy. Investments made by listed private equity companies and BDCs generally are subject to legal and other restrictions on resale and otherwise are less liquid than publicly traded securities. The illiquidity of these investments may make it difficult to sell such investments if the need arises, and if there is a need for a listed private equity company or BDC in which the Fund invests to liquidate its portfolio quickly, it may realize a loss on its investments. Listed private equity companies and BDCs may have relatively concentrated investment portfolios, consisting of a relatively small number of holdings. A consequence of this limited number of investments is that the poor performance of a small number of investments, or even a single investment, particularly if a company experiences the need to write down the value of an investment, can have a disproportionate impact on the aggregate returns realized, and can result in increased volatility and risk.
Since private equity companies and BDCs rely on access to short-term money markets, longer-term capital markets and the bank markets as a significant source of liquidity, to the extent that such companies are not able to access capital at competitive rates, their ability to implement certain financial strategies will be negatively impacted. Market disruptions, including a downturn in capital markets in general, or a downgrade of the credit rating of a listed private equity company or BDC the Fund holds may increase the cost of borrowing to that company, thereby adversely impacting the Fund’s returns. Credit downgrades also may result in requirements on a company to provide additional support in the form of letters of credit or cash or other collateral to various counterparties. Since many of the assets of listed private equity companies and BDCs do not have readily ascertainable market values, such assets are most often recorded at fair value, in good faith, in accordance with valuation procedures adopted by such companies. Such determination requires that judgment be applied to the specific facts and circumstances. Due to the absence of a readily ascertainable market value, and because of the inherent uncertainty of fair valuation, fair value of a listed private equity company’s or BDC’s investments may differ significantly from the values that would be reflected if the securities were traded in an established market, potentially resulting in material differences between a listed private equity company’s NAV per share and its market value.
Many listed private equity companies invest in mezzanine and other debt securities of privately held companies, including senior secured loans. Typically, mezzanine investments are structured as subordinated loans (with or without warrants) that carry a fixed rate of interest. Many debt investments in which private equity companies invest will not be rated by a credit rating agency such as Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. (“S&P Ratings”), and will be below investment grade quality, as determined by the Sub-Adviser. These investments are commonly referred to as “junk bonds” and have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to make payments of interest and principal. Although lower-grade securities are higher yielding, they are characterized by high risk. In addition, the secondary market for lower-grade securities may be less liquid than that of higher-rated securities. Issuers of lower-rated securities have a currently identifiable vulnerability to default or may currently be in default. Lower-rated securities may react more strongly to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than higher-grade securities. If the issuer of lower-rated securities defaults, a listed private equity company may incur additional expenses to seek recovery.
Business Development Company (BDC) Risk (WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF). BDCs invest in private companies and securities of public companies, which may be thinly traded securities. Generally, little public information exists for private and thinly traded companies, and there is a risk that investors may not be able to make fully informed investment decisions. Less mature and smaller private companies involve greater risk than well-established and larger publicly traded companies. These investments have predominantly speculative characteristics with respect to an issuer’s capacity to make payments of interest and principal. The 1940 Act imposes certain restraints upon the operations of a BDC. For example, BDCs are required to invest at least 70% of their total assets primarily in securities of private companies or thinly traded U.S. public companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less. Additionally, a BDC may incur indebtedness only in amounts such that the BDC’s asset coverage equals at least 200% after such incurrence. These limitations on asset mix and leverage may restrict the way that the BDC raises capital. BDCs generally invest in less-mature private companies, which involve greater risk than well-established, publicly traded companies.
Investment advisers to BDCs may be entitled to compensation based on the BDC’s performance, which may result in riskier or more speculative investments in an effort to maximize incentive compensation and higher fees. In addition, to the extent that the Fund invests a portion of its assets in BDCs, a shareholder in the Fund not only will bear his or her proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also will bear indirectly the
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expenses of the BDCs. See “acquired fund fees and expenses” included in the Fund’s annual fund operating expense table.
A significant portion of the Fund may be comprised of BDCs or other investment companies.
Financial Services Concentration Risk. The Fund may be susceptible to adverse economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the financial services industry. Financial services companies are subject to extensive government regulation and, as a result, their profitability may be affected by new regulations or regulatory interpretations. Unstable interest rates can have a disproportionate effect on the financial services industry, and financial services companies whose securities the Fund may purchase may themselves have concentrated portfolios, which makes them vulnerable to economic conditions that affect that industry. Financial services companies have also been affected by increased competition, which could adversely affect the profitability or viability of such companies.
Real Estate Industry Concentration Risk (WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF). The Fund’s commercial real estate investments will be significantly impacted by the performance of the commercial real estate market and may experience more volatility and be exposed to greater risk than a more diversified portfolio. The value of companies engaged in the commercial real estate industry is affected by: (i) changes in general economic and market conditions; (ii) changes in the value of real estate properties; (iii) risks related to local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition; (iv) increases in property taxes and operating expenses; (v) changes in zoning laws; (vi) casualty and condemnation losses; (vii) variations in rental income or the appeal of property to tenants; (viii) the availability of financing and (ix) changes in interest rates and leverage. There are also special risks associated with particular commercial real estate sectors, or real estate operations generally. The Fund’s investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate, including but not limited to the following:
Tenant Related Risks. The leases on the properties underlying the Fund’s investments may not be renewed on favorable terms or the occupancy rate of various properties may fall in a manner which adversely affects the Fund’s investments. Bankruptcies, financial difficulties or defaults by tenants of the properties in which the Fund invests may adversely affect the Fund.
Real Estate Operators Risk. Real estate operators, property managers or any other third party may experience financial difficulties (e.g., bankruptcy) that could result in a loss of value in the Fund’s investments. Property managers can make decisions that result in increased operating and maintenance-related costs.
Development Related Risks. These risks include cost overruns and non-completion of the construction or renovation of the properties owned, directly or indirectly, by the Fund. The expenses related to renovations may affect the value of the Fund’s investments.
Concentration Risk. Real estate companies may lack diversification due to ownership of a limited number of properties or concentration in a particular geographic region or property type.
Interest Rate Risk. Rising interest rates could result in higher costs of capital for real estate companies, which could negatively impact a real estate company’s ability to meet its payment obligations. The Fund may face a heightened level of interest rate risk due to certain changes in monetary policy, such as interest rate changes by the Federal Reserve.
Property Risk. Real estate companies may be subject to risks relating to functional obsolescence or reduced desirability of properties; extended vacancies; catastrophic events; and casualty or condemnation losses. Real estate income and values also may be greatly affected by demographic trends, changing tastes and values, or increasing vacancies or declining rents.
Regulatory Risk. Real estate income and values may be adversely affected by such factors as applicable domestic and foreign laws (including tax laws). Government actions, such as tax increases, zoning law changes or environmental regulations, also may have a major impact on real estate.
Repayment Risk. The prices of real estate company securities may drop because of the failure of borrowers to repay their loans, poor management, and the inability to obtain financing either on favorable terms or at all. If the properties do not generate sufficient income to meet operating expenses, ground lease payments, tenant improvements, third-party leasing commissions and other capital expenditures, the income and ability of the real estate company to make payments of interest and principal on their loans will be adversely affected.
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REITs Risk (WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF). In addition to the risks associated with investing in securities of commercial real estate companies and commercial real estate related companies, REITs are subject to certain additional risks. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying properties owned by the trusts. Further, REITs are dependent upon specialized management skills and cash flows, and may have their investments in relatively few properties, or in a small geographic area or a single property type. Failure of a company to qualify as a REIT under federal tax law may have adverse consequences to the Fund. In addition, REITs have their own expenses, and the Fund will bear a proportionate share of those expenses. In addition to these risks, the Fund’s investments in Mortgage REITs, Office REITs and Industrial REITS will be subject to these additional risks:
Mortgage REITs. Mortgage REITs are exposed to risks associated with changes in interest rates, changes in credit spreads, and declines in real estate values. Debt investments are also subject to loss in value due to high or sustained inflation because the debt could be paid back in significantly depreciated currency.
Office REITs. Office REITs are affected by a downturn in the businesses operated by their tenants. Also, the trend toward more businesses allowing work-from-home policies may adversely affect this industry.
Industrial REITs. Industrial properties are affected by downturns in the manufacturing, processing, and shipping of goods.
ETF Risks
Authorized Participants, Market Makers and Liquidity Providers Concentration Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as Authorized Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent either of the following events occur, Shares may trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.
Premium-Discount Risk. The Shares may trade above or below their net asset value (“NAV”). The market prices of Shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV as well as the relative supply of, and demand for, Shares on the Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (the “Exchange”) or other securities exchanges. The trading price of Shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility or limited trading activity in Shares.
Cost of Trading Risk. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares.
Trading Risk. Although the Shares are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active or liquid trading market for them will be maintained. In addition, trading in Shares on the Exchange may be halted. In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of the Fund’s Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of its underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid than the Fund’s Shares, potentially causing the market price of the Fund’s Shares to deviate from its NAV.
Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed and may not meet its investment objective based on the Sub-Adviser’s success or failure to implement investment strategies for the Fund. It is possible the investment techniques and risk analyses employed on behalf of the Fund will not produce the desired results.
Periodic Reallocation Risk. Because the Sub-Adviser will generally reallocate the Fund’s portfolio on a quarterly basis, (i) the Fund’s market exposure may be affected by significant market movements promptly following the periodic reconstitution that are not predictive of the market’s performance for the subsequent period and (ii) changes to the Fund’s market exposure may lag a significant change in the market’s direction (up or down) by as long as a quarter if such changes first take effect promptly following the periodic reconstitution. Such lags between market performance and changes to the Fund’s exposure may result in significant underperformance relative to the broader equity market.
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Large-Capitalization Companies Risk. Large-capitalization companies may trail the returns of the overall stock market. Large-capitalization stocks tend to go through cycles of doing better - or worse - than the stock market in general. These periods have, in the past, lasted for as long as several years.
Small- and Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse issuer, market, political, or economic developments than securities of large-capitalization companies. The securities of small- and mid-capitalization companies generally trade in lower volumes and are subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than larger capitalization stocks or the stock market as a whole. Some smaller-capitalization companies have limited product lines, markets, and financial and managerial resources and tend to concentrate on fewer geographical markets relative to larger-capitalization companies. There is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller-capitalization companies than for larger, more established companies. Smaller-capitalization companies also may be particularly sensitive to changes in interest rates, government regulation, borrowing costs and earnings.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified, meaning that it is permitted to invest a larger percentage of its assets in fewer issuers than diversified funds. Thus, the Fund may be more susceptible to adverse developments affecting any single issuer held in its portfolio and may be more susceptible to greater losses because of these developments.
Geopolitical/Natural Disaster Risks. The Fund’s investments are subject to geopolitical and natural disaster risks, such as war, terrorism, trade disputes, political or economic dysfunction within some nations, public health crises and related geopolitical events, as well as environmental disasters, epidemics and/or pandemics, which may add to instability in world economies and volatility in markets. The impact may be short-term or may last for extended periods.
New Sub-Adviser Risk. Although the Sub-Adviser’s principals and the Fund’s portfolio managers have experience managing investments in the past, the Sub-Adviser has no experience managing investments for an ETF, which may limit the Sub-Adviser’s effectiveness.
New Fund Risk. The Fund is a recently organized management investment company with no operating history. As a result, prospective investors have no track record or history on which to base their investment decision. There can be no assurance that the Fund will grow to or maintain an economically viable size. In addition, large inflows and outflows may impact the Fund’s market exposure for limited periods of time. This impact may be positive or negative, depending on the direction of market movement during the period affected.
FUND MANAGEMENT
Investment Adviser
EA Advisers acts as each Fund’s investment adviser. The Adviser is located at 19 East Eagle Road Havertown, PA 19083 and is wholly-owned by Alpha Architect LLC. The Adviser is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and provides investment advisory services solely to the Fund and other exchange-traded funds. The Adviser was founded in October 2013.
The Adviser provides trading, execution and various other administrative services and supervises the overall daily affairs of the Funds, subject to the general supervision and control of the Board. The Adviser performs its services to each Fund pursuant to the terms of an investment advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) between the EA Series Trust (the “Trust”) and the Adviser, each Fund will pay the Adviser an annual advisory fee based on its average daily net assets payable at the annual rates set forth in the table below:
Fund Advisory Fee
WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF 0.70%
WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF 0.70%
Because the Funds have not commenced operations prior to the date of this Prospectus, the Adviser did not receive a fee during the last fiscal year.
The Adviser (or an affiliate of the Adviser) bears all of the Adviser’s own costs associated with providing these advisory services and all expenses of the Funds, except for the fee payment under the Advisory Agreement, payments under the Fund’s Rule 12b-1 Distribution and Service Plan (the “Plan”), brokerage expenses, acquired fund fees and expenses, taxes (including tax-related services), interest (including borrowing costs), litigation expense (including class action-related services) and other non-routine or extraordinary expenses. Additionally,
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each Fund shall be responsible for its non-operating expenses (see the italicized items in the preceding sentence) and fees and expenses associated with the Fund’s securities lending program, if applicable.
The Advisory Agreement for each Fund provides that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, by the Board or, with respect to the Fund, by a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund, on 60 days’ written notice to the Adviser, and by the Adviser upon 60 days’ written notice, and that it shall be automatically terminated if it is assigned.
Investment Sub-Adviser
Sub-Adviser: The Adviser has retained White Wolf Capital Advisors, LLC (“White Wolf” or the “Sub-Adviser”), an investment adviser registered with the SEC, to provide discretionary sub-advisory services for the Fund. White Wolf is organized as a Delaware limited liability company with its principal offices located at 501 Brickell Key Drive, Suite 104, Miami, FL 33131, and was formed in 2020. White Wolf’s parent entity, White Wolf Capital Group, Inc, a Delaware corporation (“WWCG”), was formed in 2020. Prior to their formation, White Wolf’s and WWCG’s affiliated entities began operations and founded in 2011. White Wolf offers investment management services to private pooled investment vehicles with a focus on private equity, private credit and private funds. White Wolf is responsible for determining the investment exposures for the Funds, subject to the overall supervision and oversight of the Adviser and the Board. The Adviser retains the authority, pursuant to the terms of the investment sub-advisory agreement, to exercise its right to control the overall management of each Fund’s assets. As of August 31, 2023, the Sub-Adviser had approximately $609 million in total assets under management and/or advisement.
The Sub-Adviser is responsible for selecting the investments for each Fund in accordance with the Fund’s objectives, policies and restrictions. The Sub-Adviser is not responsible for selecting brokers or placing a Fund’s trades. Rather, the Sub-Adviser constructs the overall portfolio for each Fund and provides trading instructions to the Adviser, and, in turn, the Adviser is responsible for selecting brokers and placing a Fund’s trades.
For its services, the Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser a fee, which is calculated daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate based on a Fund’s average daily net assets as follows:
Fund Sub-Advisory Fee
WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF 0.35%
WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF 0.35%
 Fund Sponsor
The Adviser has entered into a fund sponsorship agreement with White Wolf Asset Management LLC (“Fund Sponsor”), an affiliate of the Sub-Adviser, pursuant to which the Fund Sponsor is also the sponsor of each Fund. Under this arrangement, the Fund Sponsor has agreed to provide financial support to each Fund (as described below) and, in turn, the Adviser has agreed to share with the Fund Sponsor a portion of profits, if any, generated by a Fund’s Advisory Fee (also as described below). Every month, the Advisory Fee, which is a unitary management fee, is calculated and paid to the Adviser.
If the amount of the unitary management fee exceeds a Fund’s operating expenses and the Adviser-retained amount, the Adviser pays the net total to the Fund Sponsor. The amount paid to the Fund Sponsor represents both the sub-advisory fee and any remaining profits from the Advisory Fee. During months where there are no profits or the funds are not sufficient to cover the entire sub-advisory fee, the sub-advisory fee is automatically waived.
If the amount of the unitary management fee is less than a Fund’s operating expenses and the Adviser-retained amount, the Fund Sponsor is obligated to reimburse the Adviser for the shortfall.
APPROVAL OF ADVISORY AGREEMENT & INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Advisory Agreement and the sub-advisory agreement with respect to each Fund will be available in the Fund’s annual report dated January 31, 2024.
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PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
On behalf of each Fund, the portfolio managers are jointly and primarily responsible for various functions related to portfolio management, including, but not limited to, making recommendations (or implementing) with respect to the following: investing cash inflows, implementing investment strategy, researching and reviewing investment strategy, and overseeing members of the portfolio management team with more limited responsibilities.
Elie P. Azar - Elie P. Azar is the Founder, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of White Wolf Capital and its affiliates. Prior to founding White Wolf Capital and its affiliates, Elie worked at Cerberus Capital Management, Ernst & Young’s M&A Transaction Advisory group and Arthur Andersen. Elie has an MBA from Cornell University and a BA from the American University of Beirut. Elie holds a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) charter and has also passed the U.S. Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Examination, as well as the Chartered Alternative Investment Association (CAIA) Level I Examination. Elie is a member of the CFA Institute and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Elie manages the overall business of White Wolf Capital and its affiliates.
Rahul Hukeri – Rahul Hukeri joined White Wolf Capital in June 2021 as Managing Director and Head of Private Funds. Rahul leads the firm’s Private Fund’s investment strategy. He is also responsible for Portfolio Monitoring & Reporting function, overseeing all direct and indirect investments. Rahul has over 16 years of experience in the areas of finance, accounting, portfolio management, and alternative asset valuation. Before joining White Wolf, Rahul was a Principal at KKR in its Private Markets group where he oversaw firm-wide portfolio company valuations and played a key role in overseeing portfolio company reporting for KKR. Before KKR, Rahul worked at Centerbridge Partners, Apollo Global Management, and Cerberus Capital Management. Rahul is an integral member of the Company’s investment and leadership team, where he focuses on credit portfolio management, valuation, and general oversight, as well as the execution of due diligence activities. Rahul will play a key role in managing the post-transaction reporting relationships for private credit. In addition, Rahul will serve as a director (or observer) on portfolio company boards across the credit portfolio. Rahul has an MBA from NYU’s Leonard N. Stern School of Business and is a member of the New York Society of Security Analysts.
The Funds’ SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers, including other accounts they manage, their ownership in the Fund and compensation.
OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS
Quasar Distributors, LLC (“Distributor”) serves as the distributor of Creation Units (defined above) for each Fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in Shares.
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, doing business as U.S. Bank Global Fund Services, is the administrator, fund accountant, and transfer agent for each Fund.
U.S. Bank National Association is the custodian for each Fund.
Practus, LLP, 11300 Tomahawk Creek Parkway, Suite 310, Leawood, Kansas 66211, serves as legal counsel to the Trust.
[ ], [ ], serves as the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. The independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the annual financial statements of each Fund.
THE EXCHANGE
Shares of the Funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by the Exchange. The Exchange is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of Shares of a Fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the Shares are redeemable. The Exchange has no obligation or liability to owners of the Shares of a Fund in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Shares of a Fund. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Exchange have any liability for any direct, indirect, special, punitive, consequential or any other damages (including lost profits) even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
BUYING AND SELLING FUND SHARES
Shares will be issued or redeemed by each Fund at NAV per Share only in Creation Units of 10,000 Shares. Creation Units are generally issued and redeemed only in-kind for securities although a portion may be in cash.
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Shares of each Fund will trade on the secondary market, however, which is where most retail investors will buy and sell Shares. It is expected that only a limited number of institutional investors, called Authorized Participants or “APs,” will purchase and redeem Shares directly from a Fund. APs may acquire Shares directly from a Fund, and APs may tender their Shares for redemption directly to the Fund, at NAV per Share only in large blocks, or Creation Units. Purchases and redemptions directly with a Fund must follow the Fund’s procedures, which are described in the SAI.
Except when aggregated in Creation Units, Shares are not redeemable with the Funds.
BUYING AND SELLING SHARES ON THE SECONDARY MARKET
Most investors will buy and sell Shares in secondary market transactions through brokers and, therefore, must have a brokerage account to buy and sell Shares. Shares can be bought or sold through your broker throughout the trading day like shares of any publicly traded issuer. The Trust does not impose any redemption fees or restrictions on redemptions of Shares in the secondary market. When buying or selling Shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered prices in the secondary market for Shares. The price at which you buy or sell Shares (i.e., the market price) may be more or less than the NAV of the Shares. Unless imposed by your broker, there is no minimum dollar amount you must invest in the Fund and no minimum number of Shares you must buy.
Shares of each Fund are listed on the Exchange under the following symbol:
Fund Trading Symbol
WHITEWOLF Publicly Listed Private Equity ETF
LBO
WHITEWOLF Commercial Real Estate Finance Income ETF
CREF
The Exchange is generally open Monday through Friday and is closed for weekends and the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washington’s Birthday, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.
For information about buying and selling Shares on the Exchange or in the secondary markets, please contact your broker or dealer.
Book Entry. Shares are held in book entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), or its nominee, will be the registered owner of all outstanding Shares of the Funds and is recognized as the owner of all Shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely on the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any stocks that you hold in book entry or “street name” through your brokerage account. Your account information will be maintained by your broker, which will provide you with account statements, confirmations of your purchases and sales of Shares, and tax information. Your broker also will be responsible for distributing income dividends and capital gain distributions and for ensuring that you receive shareholder reports and other communications from each Fund.
Share Trading Prices. The trading prices of each Fund’s Shares may differ from the Fund’s daily NAV and can be affected by market forces of supply and demand for the Fund’s Shares, the prices of the Fund’s portfolio securities, economic conditions and other factors.
The Exchange, through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association or another market information provider, intends to disseminate the approximate value of a Fund’s portfolio every fifteen seconds during regular U.S. trading hours. This approximate value should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV of a Fund because the approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once a day. The quotations for certain investments may not be updated during U.S. trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the U.S., except such quotations may be updated to reflect currency fluctuations. The Funds are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the approximate values and make no warranty as to the accuracy of these values.
Continuous Offering. The method by which Creation Units of Shares are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units of Shares are issued and sold by each Fund
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on an ongoing basis, a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur at any point. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery requirements and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent Shares and sells the Shares directly to customers or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a characterization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker-dealer firms should note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with engaging in ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with the Shares that are part of an over allotment within the meaning of Section 4(a)(3)(C) of the Securities Act, will be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the Securities Act is only available with respect to transactions on a national exchange.
ACTIVE INVESTORS AND MARKET TIMING
The Board has evaluated the risks of market timing activities by each Fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that each Fund’s Shares can be purchased and redeemed directly from the Fund only in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in the Fund’s Shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not directly involve each Fund, it is unlikely those trades would cause the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase or redemption of Creation Units directly with a Fund, to the extent effected in-kind ( i.e. , for securities), the Board noted that those trades do not cause the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that those trades could result in dilution to a Fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective, although in certain circumstances (e.g., in conjunction with a reallocation of the Fund’s investments), such trades may benefit Fund shareholders by increasing the tax efficiency of the Fund. The Board also noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that a Fund’s Shares trade at or close to NAV. In addition, each Fund will impose transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of Shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the Fund in effecting trades. Given this structure, the Board determined that it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of each Fund’s Shares.
DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLAN
Each Fund has adopted the Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. Under the Plan, a Fund may be authorized to pay distribution fees of up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets each year to the Distributor and other firms that provide distribution and shareholder services (“Service Providers”). As of the date of this Prospectus, the maximum amount payable under the Plan is set at 0% until further action by the Board. In the event 12b-1 fees are charged, over time they would increase the cost of an investment in a Fund because they would be paid on an ongoing basis.
NET ASSET VALUE
The NAV of Shares is calculated each business day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), generally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time.
Each Fund calculates its NAV per Share by:
Taking the current market value of its total assets,
Subtracting any liabilities, and
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Dividing that amount by the total number of Shares owned by shareholders.
If you buy or sell Shares on the secondary market, you will pay or receive the market price, which may be higher or lower than NAV. Your transaction will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem your Shares in Creation Units.
Because securities listed on foreign exchanges may trade on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its Shares, the NAV of the Fund, to the extent it may hold foreign securities, may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell Shares.
Equity securities that are traded on a national securities exchange, except those listed on the NASDAQ Global Market® (“NASDAQ”) are valued at the last reported sale price on the exchange on which the security is principally traded. Securities traded on NASDAQ will be valued at the NASDAQ Official Closing Price (“NOCP”). If, on a particular day, an exchange-traded or NASDAQ security does not trade, then the most recent quoted bid for exchange traded or the mean between the most recent quoted bid and ask price for NASDAQ securities will be used. Equity securities that are not traded on a listed exchange are generally valued at the last sale price in the over-the-counter market. If a nonexchange traded security does not trade on a particular day, then the mean between the last quoted closing bid and asked price will be used.
The value of assets denominated in foreign currencies is converted into U.S. dollars using exchange rates deemed appropriate by the Fund.
Redeemable securities issued by open-end investment companies are valued at the investment company’s applicable net asset value, with the exception of exchange-traded open-end investment companies which are priced as equity securities.
If a market price is not readily available or is deemed not to reflect market value, the Fund will determine the price of the security held by the Fund based on a determination of the security’s fair value pursuant to policies and procedures approved by the Board.
Fair valuation may have the effect of reducing stale pricing arbitrage opportunities presented by the pricing of Shares. However, when the Fund uses fair valuation to price securities, it may value those securities higher or lower than another fund would have priced the security. Also, the use of fair valuation may cause the Shares’ NAV performance to diverge from the Shares’ market price and from the performance of various benchmarks used to compare the Fund’s performance because benchmarks generally do not use fair valuation techniques. Because of the judgment involved in fair valuation decisions, there can be no assurance that the value ascribed to a particular security is accurate.
FUND WEBSITE AND DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Sub-Adviser maintains a website for each Fund at www.lbo.fund and www.cref.fund. Among other things, the website includes this Prospectus and the SAI, and includes a Fund’s holdings, a Fund’s last annual and semi-annual reports. The website shows each Fund’s daily NAV per share, market price, and premium or discount, each as of the prior business day. The website also shows the extent and frequency of each Fund’s premiums and discounts. Further, the website includes each Fund’s median bid-ask spread over the most recent thirty calendar days.
Each day a Fund is open for business, the Trust publicly disseminates the Fund’s full portfolio holdings as of the close of the previous day through its website at www.lbo.fund and www.cref.fund. A description of the Trust’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each Fund’s portfolio holdings is available in the Funds’ SAI.
INVESTMENTS BY OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES
For purposes of the Investment Company Act, Shares are issued by a registered investment company and purchases of such Shares by registered investment companies and companies relying on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act are subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 12(d)(1) of the Investment Company Act, except as permitted by Rule 6c-11, Rule 12d1-4, or an exemptive order of the SEC.
DIVIDENDS, DISTRIBUTIONS, AND TAXES
As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in Shares will be taxed. The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in Shares.
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Unless your investment in Shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred retirement account, such as an IRA plan, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when
Your Fund makes distributions,
You sell your Shares listed on the Exchange, and
You purchase or redeem Creation Units.
Dividends and Distributions
Dividends and Distributions. Each Fund has elected and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. As a regulated investment company, a Fund generally pays no federal income tax on the income and gains it distributes to you. Each Fund expects to declare and to distribute its net investment income, if any, to shareholders as dividends monthly. Each Fund will distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually. Each Fund may distribute such income dividends and capital gains more frequently, if necessary, in order to reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund. The amount of any distribution will vary, and there is no guarantee the Fund will pay either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution. Distributions may be reinvested automatically in additional whole Shares only if the broker through whom you purchased Shares makes such option available.
Avoid “Buying a Dividend.” At the time you purchase Shares of a Fund, the Fund’s NAV may reflect undistributed income, undistributed capital gains, or net unrealized appreciation in value of portfolio securities held by the Fund. For taxable investors, a subsequent distribution to you of such amounts, although constituting a return of your investment, would be taxable. Buying Shares in a Fund just before it declares an income dividend or capital gains distribution is sometimes known as “buying a dividend.”
Taxes
Tax Considerations. Each Fund expects, based on its investment objective and strategies, that its distributions, if any, will be taxable as ordinary income, capital gain, or some combination of both. This is true whether you reinvest your distributions in additional Shares or receive them in cash. For federal income tax purposes, Fund distributions of short-term capital gains are taxable to you as ordinary income. Fund distributions of long-term capital gains are taxable to you as long-term capital gain no matter how long you have owned your Shares. A portion of income dividends reported by the Fund may be qualified dividend income eligible for taxation by individual shareholders at long-term capital gain rates provided certain holding period requirements are met.
Taxes on Sales of Shares. A sale or exchange of Shares is a taxable event and, accordingly, a capital gain or loss will generally be recognized. Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares generally is treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for one year or less. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Medicare Tax. An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds a threshold amount. This Medicare tax, if applicable, is reported by you on, and paid with, your federal income tax return.
Backup Withholding. By law, if you do not provide the Fund with your proper taxpayer identification number and certain required certifications, you may be subject to backup withholding on any distributions of income, capital gains or proceeds from the sale of your Shares. The Fund also must withhold if the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) instructs it to do so. When withholding is required, the amount will be 24% of any distributions or proceeds paid.
State and Local Taxes. Fund distributions and gains from the sale or exchange of your Shares generally are subject to state and local taxes.
Taxes on Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units. An AP who exchanges equity securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of purchase and the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the cash amount paid. A person who exchanges Creation Units for equity securities generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the
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aggregate market value of the securities received and the cash amount received. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Persons exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Under current federal tax laws, any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if the Shares have been held for one year or less.
If the Fund redeems Creation Units in cash, it may recognize more capital gains than it will if it redeems Creation Units in-kind.
Foreign Tax Credits. If the Fund qualifies to pass through to you the tax benefits from foreign taxes it pays on its investments, and elects to do so, then any foreign taxes it pays on these investments may be passed through to you as a foreign tax credit.
Non-U.S. Investors. Non-U.S. investors may be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30% or lower treaty rate and U.S. estate tax and are subject to special U.S. tax certification requirements to avoid backup withholding and claim any treaty benefits. Exemptions from U.S. withholding tax are provided for (i) capital gain dividends paid by the Fund from long-term capital gains, if any, (ii) interest-related dividends paid by the Fund from its qualified net interest income from U.S. sources, if any, and (iii) short-term capital gain dividends, if any. However, notwithstanding such exemptions from U.S. withholding at the source, any such dividends and distributions of income and capital gains will be subject to backup withholding at a rate of 24% if you fail to properly certify that you are not a U.S. person.
Other Reporting and Withholding Requirements. Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), the Fund will be required to withhold a 30% tax on (a) income dividends paid by the Fund, and (b) certain capital gain distributions paid by the Fund, to certain foreign entities, referred to as foreign financial institutions or non-financial foreign entities, that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. The Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of the Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.
Possible Tax Law Changes. At the time that this prospectus is being prepared, various administrative and legislative changes to the federal tax laws are under consideration, but it is not possible at this time to determine whether any of these changes will be made or what the changes might entail.
This discussion of “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes” is not intended or written to be used as tax advice. Because everyone’s tax situation is unique, you should consult your tax professional about federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences before making an investment in the Fund.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The Funds are newly organized and therefore have not yet had any operations as of the date of this Prospectus and do not have financial highlights to present at this time.

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ANNUAL/SEMI-ANNUAL REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
Additional information about the Funds will be in their annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders, when available. The annual report will explain the market conditions and investment strategies affecting a Fund’s performance during the last fiscal year.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The SAI dated December [ ], 2023, which contains more details about the Funds, is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this Prospectus, which means that it is legally part of this Prospectus.
To receive a free copy of the latest annual or semi-annual report, when available, or the SAI, or to request additional information about the Funds, please contact us as follows:
Call: (305) 605-8888
   
Write: 19 East Eagle Road
  Havertown, PA 19083
   
Visit: www.lbo.fund and www.cref.fund
 PAPER COPIES
Please note that paper copies of each Fund’s shareholder reports will generally not be sent, unless you specifically request paper copies of the Fund’s reports from your financial intermediary, such as a broker-dealer or bank. Instead, the reports will be made available on the Funds’ website, and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report.
You may elect to receive all future Fund reports in paper free of charge. Please contact your financial intermediary to inform them that you wish to continue receiving paper copies of Fund shareholder reports and for details about whether your election to receive reports in paper will apply to all funds held with your financial intermediary.
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Information about the Funds, including its reports and the SAI, has been filed with the SEC. It can be reviewed on the EDGAR database on the SEC’s internet site (http://www.sec.gov). You can also request copies of these materials, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the SEC’s e-mail address ([email protected]) or by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090.
WHITEWOLF is a registered service mark (U.S. Service Mark Reg. No. 3,967,222) of White Wolf Capital Group Inc.
 
Investment Company Act File No. 811-22961
 
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