Prospectus

 

 

 

Class A

Class C

Class I

Class R6

Class Y

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund
(formerly, Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund)

IMHAX

IMHCX

IMHIX

n/a

IMHYX

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund
(formerly, Ivy Cash Management Fund)

IAAXX

IACXX

n/a

n/a

n/a

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund
(formerly, Ivy Corporate Bond Fund)

IBJAX

IBJCX

IBJIX

IBJNX

IBJYX

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund
(formerly, Ivy Crossover Credit Fund)

ICKAX

n/a

ICKIIX

ICKNX

ICKYX

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund
(formerly, Delaware Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

IECAX

IECCX

IECIX

IMMCX

IECYX

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund
(formerly, Ivy Government Securities Fund)

IGJAX

IGJCX

IGJIX

IGJNX

n/a

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund
(formerly, Delaware Ivy PineBridge High Yield Fund)

IPNAX

n/a

IPNIX

IPNNX

n/a

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund
(formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

IVJAX

IVJCX

IVJIX

IVJRX

IVJYX

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund
(formerly, Delaware Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

IMAAX

IMACX

IMAIX

IMURX

IMAYX

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund
(formerly, Delaware Ivy Apollo Strategic Income Fund)

IAPOX

ICPOX

IIPOX

IRPOX

IYPOX

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund
(formerly, Delaware Ivy Pictet Targeted Return Bond Fund)

IRBAX

IRBCX

IRBIX

IRBRX

n/a

January 28, 2022

The US Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus.
Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Get shareholder reports and prospectuses online instead of in the mail.
Visit ivyinvestments.com.



 

Table of contents

Fund summaries

 

1

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

 

1

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

 

6

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund

 

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund

 

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund

 

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund

 

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund

 

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund

 

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

 

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund

 

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

 

How we manage the Funds

 

Our principal investment strategies

 

Other investment strategies

 

The risks of investing in the Funds

 

Disclosure of portfolio holdings information

 

Who manages the Funds

 

Investment manager

 

Portfolio managers

 

Manager of managers structure

 

Who’s who

 

About your account

 

Investing in the Funds

 

Choosing a share class

 

Dealer compensation

 

Payments to intermediaries

 

How to reduce your sales charge

 

Buying Class A shares at net asset value

 

Waivers of contingent deferred sales charges

 

How to buy shares

 

Calculating share price

 

Fair valuation

 

Retirement plans

 

Document delivery

 

Inactive accounts

 

How to redeem shares

 

Investor services

 

Frequent trading of Fund shares (market timing and disruptive trading)

 

Dividends, distributions, and taxes

 

Certain management considerations

 

Financial highlights

 

Appendix A: Hypothetical Investment and Expense Information

 

Additional information

 

 


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

(formerly, Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund seeks to provide a high level of current income that is not subject to Federal and California income tax.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                         

Class

A

C

I

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                         

Class

A

C

I

Y

Management fees

 

 

0.52%

   

0.52%

   

0.52%

   

0.52%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.56%

   

0.58%

   

0.69%

   

0.68%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.33%

   

2.10%

   

1.21%

   

1.45%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.53%)

2

 

(0.45%)

2

 

(0.61%)

2

 

(0.65%)

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

0.80%

   

1.65%

   

0.60%

   

0.80%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $250,000 or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $250,000 or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 0.80% for Class A shares; 1.65% for Class C shares; 0.60% for Class I shares; and 0.80% for Class Y shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                         

Class

A

C

I

Y

1 year

 

 

$528

   

$168

   

$61

   

$82

 
3 years

 

 

$803

   

$615

   

$324

   

$395

 
5 years

 

 

$1,098

   

$1,088

   

$606

   

$730

 
10 years

 

 

$1,935

   

$2,198

   

$1,412

   

$1,679

 

1


 

Fund summaries

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 16% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in a diversified portfolio of municipal securities with income payments that are exempt from Federal and California income taxes. These municipal securities primarily include obligations issued by the State of California and its subdivisions, authorities, instrumentalities and corporations. It is possible that up to 20% of the Fund’s net assets may be in securities that pay taxable income. A significant portion of the current income paid by the Fund may be a tax preference item for purposes of the Federal alternative minimum tax (AMT) (Tax Preference Item). (Under 2017 legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, corporations no longer are subject to the AMT for taxable years of the corporation beginning after December 31, 2017.)

The Fund typically invests at least 50% of its total assets in medium- and lower-quality municipal securities that include securities rated BBB+ by Standard & Poor’s (S&P) or similarly rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO) or, if unrated, in the Manager’s opinion, that are equivalent in quality. Such investments include non-investment grade debt securities, commonly called “high yield” or “junk” bonds, which typically are rated BBB- or lower by S&P or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, of comparable quality. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in non-investment grade bonds.

The Fund may invest in higher-quality municipal securities at times when yield spreads are narrow and the Manager believes that the higher yields do not justify the increased risk, and/or when, in the opinion of the Manager, there is a lack of medium and lower-quality securities in which to invest.

After conducting a top-down (assessing the market environment) analysis, the Manager uses a research-oriented, bottom-up (researching individual issuers) credit-by-credit investment approach. The Manager considers a number of factors in selecting individual securities for the Fund’s portfolio, including the security’s current coupon, the maturity, relative value and market yield of the security, the creditworthiness of the particular issuer or of the private company involved, the sector in which the security is identified, and the structure of the security, including whether it has a call feature.

The Fund primarily invests in revenue bonds: revenue bonds are payable only from specific sources, such as the revenue from a particular project, a special tax, lease payments and/or appropriated funds. Revenue bonds include certain private activity bonds (PABs), which finance privately operated facilities. Revenue bonds also include housing bonds that finance pools of single-family home mortgages and student loan bonds that finance pools of student loans, as well as bonds that finance charter schools. Revenue bonds also include tobacco bonds that are issued by state-created special purpose entities as a means to securitize a state’s share of annual tobacco settlement revenues.

The Fund may invest in PABs in general, in revenue bonds payable from revenues derived from similar projects, such as those in the health care, life care, education, transportation and special tax sectors, and in municipal securities of issuers located in the same geographical area.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses when buying securities to determine whether the security continues to be a desired investment for the Fund, including consideration of the security’s current credit quality. Additionally, the Manager may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities or to raise cash.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Market risk — The risk that all or a majority of the securities in a certain market — such as the stock or bond market — will decline in value because of factors such as adverse political or economic conditions, future expectations, investor confidence, or heavy institutional selling.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

2


 

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Call risk — The risk that a bond issuer will prepay the bond during periods of low interest rates, forcing a fund to reinvest that money at interest rates that might be lower than rates on the called bond.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

Alternative minimum tax risk — If a fund invests in bonds whose income is subject to the alternative minimum tax, that portion of the fund’s distributions would be taxable for shareholders who are subject to this tax.

Government and regulatory risk — The risk that governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance. For example, a tax-exempt security may be reclassified by the Internal Revenue Service or a state tax authority as taxable, and/or future legislative, administrative, or court actions could cause interest from a tax-exempt security to become taxable, possibly retroactively.

Geographic concentration risk — The risk that heightened sensitivity to regional, state, US territories or possessions (such as the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, or the US Virgin Islands), and local political and economic conditions could adversely affect the holdings in and performance of a fund. There is also the risk that there could be an inadequate supply of municipal bonds in a particular state or US territory or possession.

Industry and sector risk — The risk that the value of securities in a particular industry or sector will decline because of changing expectations for the performance of that industry or sector.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

3


 

Fund summaries

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 3.44% for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, and its lowest quarterly return was -3.69% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

0.10%

   

3.96%

   

3.24%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-0.15%

   

3.89%

   

3.15%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

1.09%

   

3.60%

   

3.00%

 
Class C return before taxes (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

1.77%

   

3.62%

   

2.89%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

2.83%

   

4.69%

   

3.95%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

2.63%

   

4.48%

   

3.74%

 
Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)*

 

 

1.52%

   

4.17%

   

3.26%

 
Bloomberg Municipal High Yield Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/3/16‑12/31/21)*

 

 

7.77%

   

7.53%

   

5.93%

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index as of November 15, 2021.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio managers

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Gregory A. Gizzi

Managing Director, Head of Municipal Bonds, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Stephen J. Czepiel

Managing Director, Head of Municipal Bonds Portfolio Management, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Jake van Roden

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

4


 

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account, please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

5


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

(formerly, Ivy Cash Management Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

At the close of business on September 30, 2021, the Fund closed to purchases by new investors, except for certain investors, such as those in certain advisory programs with specific financial intermediaries who have a written arrangement with the Fund’s distributor. The Fund will continue to accept purchases from existing shareholders (including reinvested dividends or capital gains) until five (5) business days before the Fund’s liquidation date. Shareholders will receive at least 60 days’ notice of the Fund’s liquidation date.

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund seeks to provide current income consistent with maintaining liquidity and preservation of capital.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. Class C shares of the Fund are not available for direct investments. The Fund's investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), has agreed to voluntarily waive and/or reimburse fees to the extent necessary to assist the Fund in attempting to maintain a yield of at least 0.00%. Such yield waivers and reimbursements are voluntary and could change or be terminated at any time at the discretion of the Manager. There is no guarantee that the Fund will maintain a positive yield.

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

             

Class

A

C

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

             

Class

A

C

Management fees

 

 

0.33%

   

0.33%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.00%

   

1.00%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.26%

   

0.23%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

0.59%

   

1.56%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares if they were exchanged from Class A shares of another Ivy Fund that were purchased at net asset value (NAV) for $100,000 or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

             

Class

A

C

1 year

 

 

$60

   

$159

 
3 years

 

 

$189

   

$493

 
5 years

 

 

$329

   

$850

 
10 years

 

 

$738

   

$1,595

 

6


 

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing in U.S. dollar-denominated, high-quality money market obligations and instruments. The Fund seeks, as well, to maintain a NAV of $1.00 per share. The Fund maintains a dollar-weighted average maturity of 60 calendar days or less, and the Fund invests only in securities with a remaining maturity of not more than 397 calendar days.

Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, may look at a number of factors in selecting securities for the Fund’s portfolio. These may include the credit quality of the particular issuer or guarantor of the security, along with the liquidity, maturity and yield, as well as the industry and/or sector of the issuer of the security. The Manager also must select securities for the Fund in compliance with the maturity, quality, liquidity and diversification requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (Rule 2a-7) that apply to money market funds.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses when buying securities to determine whether the security no longer offers adequate return or complies with Rule 2a-7. The Manager also may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities or to raise cash.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor has no legal obligation to provide financial support to the Fund, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time. The Fund is not intended as a complete investment program.

The Fund operates as a retail money market fund and only accounts beneficially owned by natural persons may be invested in the Fund. The Fund has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to limit investments in the Fund to accounts beneficially owned by natural persons.

Further, the Fund’s policies and procedures impose liquidity fees on redemptions or temporarily suspend redemptions (“gating”) if the Fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below a certain threshold and the Board of Trustees (Board) determines such actions to be in the best interest of the Fund. Among other requirements, if the Fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 10% of its total assets at the end of any business day, the Fund must impose a 1% liquidity fee on shareholder redemptions unless the Board determines that not doing so is in the best interests of the Fund. If the Fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 30% of its total assets, the Board, in its discretion, may impose liquidity fees of up to 2% of the value of the shares redeemed or gate redemptions for a period of not more than 10 business days.

The Fund may impose a fee upon sale of your shares or may temporarily suspend your ability to sell shares if the Fund's liquidity falls below required minimums because of market conditions or other factors.

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Amortized cost risk — The risk that in the event that a fund’s board determines that the extent of the deviation between a fund’s amortized cost per share and its market-based NAV per share could result in material dilution or other unfair results to shareholders, the board will cause the fund to take such action as it deems appropriate to eliminate, or reduce to the extent practicable, such dilution or unfair results, including but not limited to, suspending redemption of fund shares or liquidating the fund.

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

7


 

Fund summaries

Government and regulatory risk — The risk that governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance.

US government securities risk — The risk that certain US government securities, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the credit of the issuer or by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

The returns presented below for the Fund reflect the performance of Waddell & Reed Advisors Cash Management (the “Cash Management Predecessor Fund” or the “Predecessor Fund”) through February 26, 2018, and the performance of the Fund thereafter. The Fund has adopted the performance of the Predecessor Fund as the result of a reorganization in which the Fund acquired all of the assets and liabilities of the Predecessor Fund (the “Reorganization”). Prior to the Reorganization, the Fund was a “shell” fund with no assets and had not commenced operations.

Prior to January 31, 2012, the Predecessor Fund’s investment objective was to provide maximum current income consistent with stability of principal. Effective as of January 31, 2012, the Predecessor Fund changed its investment objective to seeking to provide current income consistent with maintaining liquidity and preservation of capital.

8


 

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 0.49% for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, and its lowest quarterly return was 0.00% for each quarter beginning with the quarter ended March 31, 2012 through the quarter ended September 30, 2016 and the quarters ended March 31, 2021, June 30, 2021 and September 30, 2021. As of December 31, 2021 the 7-day yield was equal to 0.00%. Yields are compiled by annualizing the average daily dividend per share during the time period for which the yield is presented.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

10 years

 
Class A

 

 

0.04%

   

0.79%

   

0.41%

 
Class C

 

 

0.04%

   

0.27%

   

0.18%

 

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio managers

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Stephen M. Juszczyszyn

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Kathleen (Marnell) Burst

Vice President, Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account, please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount.

9


 

Fund summaries

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

10


 

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund

(formerly, Ivy Corporate Bond Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund seeks to provide current income consistent with preservation of capital.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Management fees

 

 

0.47%

   

0.47%

   

0.47%

   

0.47%

   

0.47%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.24%

   

0.37%

   

0.23%

   

0.08%

   

0.23%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

0.96%

   

1.84%

   

0.70%

   

0.55%

   

0.95%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

1 year

 

 

$544

   

$187

   

$72

   

$56

   

$97

 
3 years

 

 

$742

   

$579

   

$224

   

$176

   

$303

 
5 years

 

 

$957

   

$995

   

$390

   

$307

   

$525

 
10 years

 

 

$1,575

   

$1,928

   

$871

   

$689

   

$1,166

 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 72% of the average value of its portfolio.

11


 

Fund summaries

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in corporate bonds (also referred to as corporate “debt securities” or “fixed-income securities”). For this purpose, “corporate bonds” includes any debt security issued by a domestic or foreign company with an initial maturity greater than one year. The Fund invests primarily in investment-grade debt securities (including bonds rated BBB- or higher by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global, Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO) or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality). The Fund has no limitations regarding the duration or dollar-weighted average of its holdings, may invest in debt securities with varying maturities and can invest in debt securities issued by both domestic and foreign companies, in a variety of sectors and industries. The Fund may invest significantly in debt securities payable from the same sector.

In selecting debt securities for the Fund, the Manager looks at a number of factors, including both a top-down (assessing the market environment) and a bottom-up (researching individual issuers) analysis. The top-down analysis looks at broad economic and financial trends in an effort to anticipate their impact on the fixed-income market and seeks to identify certain criteria that contribute to the overall target portfolio characteristics such as duration, spread, ratings and liquidity. The bottom-up analysis seeks to identify securities that the Manager believes have favorable risk/reward characteristics and targets those securities for overweight positioning. From the sector level, the Manager identifies companies that have positive attributes and considers the issuer’s past, present and estimated future: financial strength, cash flow, management, borrowing requirements, balance sheet policy and relative safety. Additional factors considered include leverage, interest coverage, revenue and margin stability, competition and industry trends, as well as relative value and liquidity.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses in buying securities. For example, the Manager may sell a holding if, in the Manager’s opinion, the issuer’s financial strength weakens and/or the yield and relative safety of the security decline. The Manager also may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities or to raise cash.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Financials sector risk — The risk that the value of a fund’s shares will be affected by factors particular to the financials and related sectors (such as government regulation) and may fluctuate more widely than that of a fund that invests in a broad range of sectors.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Foreign risk — The risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic conditions, the imposition of economic or trade sanctions, or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

12


 

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Industry and sector risk — The risk that the value of securities in a particular industry or sector (such as ) will decline because of changing expectations for the performance of that industry or sector.

US government securities risk — The risk that certain US government securities, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the credit of the issuer or by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

13


 

Fund summaries

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 9.13% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -4.28% for the quarter ended March 31, 2021. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

10 years or lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes

 

 

-3.42%

   

3.95%

   

3.02%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions

 

 

-4.95%

   

2.47%

   

1.62%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares

 

 

-1.67%

   

2.48%

   

1.73%

 
Class C return before taxes

 

 

-1.81%

   

3.54%

   

2.53%

 
Class I return before taxes

 

 

-0.67%

   

4.80%

   

3.59%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 10/16/17-12/31/21)

 

 

-0.53%

   

n/a

   

4.85%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 10/16/17-12/31/21)

 

 

-0.93%

   

n/a

   

4.44%

 
Bloomberg US Corporate Investment Grade Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)*

 

 

-1.04%

   

5.26%

   

4.70%

 
Bloomberg US Credit Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)*

 

 

-1.08%

   

5.05%

   

4.45%

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the Bloomberg US Corporate Investment Grade Index as of November 15, 2021. The Fund elected to use the new index because it more closely reflects the Fund’s investment strategies.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio managers

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Michael G. Wildstein, CFA

Senior Managing Director, Head of US Credit and Insurance

November 2021

Wayne A. Anglace, CFA

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Kashif Ishaq

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

14


 

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

15


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund

(formerly, Ivy Crossover Credit Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund seeks to provide total return through a combination of high current income and capital appreciation.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                         

Class

A

I

R6

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                         

Class

A

I

R6

Y

Management fees

 

 

0.50%

   

0.50%

   

0.50%

   

0.50%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

none

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.48%

   

0.53%

   

0.37%

   

0.51%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.23%

   

1.03%

   

0.87%

   

1.26%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.33%)

2

 

(0.38%)

2

 

(0.22%)

2

 

(0.36%)

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

0.90%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.90%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 0.90% for Class A shares; 0.65% for Class I shares; 0.65% for Class R6 shares; and 0.90% for Class Y shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                         

Class

A

I

R6

Y

1 year

 

 

$538

   

$66

   

$66

   

$92

 
3 years

 

 

$792

   

$290

   

$256

   

$364

 
5 years

 

 

$1,065

   

$532

   

$461

   

$657

 
10 years

 

 

$1,844

   

$1,225

   

$1,052

   

$1,491

 

16


 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 135% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in bonds (for this purpose, “bonds” includes any debt security with an initial maturity greater than one year).

The Fund invests primarily in corporate debt fixed-income securities, which can include both investment grade and non-investment grade rated bonds. Investment grade bonds include bonds rated BBB- or higher by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO) or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. By contrast, non-investment grade debt securities, commonly called “high yield” or “junk” bonds, include bonds rated BB+ or lower by S&P, or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality.

“Crossover” debt generally refers to bonds rated at or near the point where the lower end of investment grade debt and the higher end of high yield debt meet. Such bonds are on the verge of losing or regaining investment-grade status (i.e., they are on the verge of “crossing over,” falling to junk status or rising to investment grade status). In addition, crossover bonds include those that have been rated below investment grade since issuance, but may be close to achieving investment grade status (i.e., so-called “rising stars”), or those that at one time were considered to be investment grade and now are categorized as “junk” bonds due to a reduction in the issuer’s credit rating (i.e., so-called “fallen angels”). Depending on the current Fund composition and market conditions, the Manager expects that a majority of the crossover bonds will be rated either BBB or BB by S&P, or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality.

Except as noted above, the Fund has no limitations regarding the maturity, duration or dollar-weighted average of its holdings, may invest in debt securities with varying maturities and can invest in debt securities issued by companies of any size, in a variety of sectors and industries. The Fund will primarily invest in debt securities issued by domestic companies, but also may invest up to 40% of its total assets in debt securities issued by foreign companies, including foreign securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets. The Fund typically will not invest more than 35% of its total assets in non-investment grade securities.

In selecting debt securities for the Fund, the Manager looks at a number of factors, including both a top-down (assessing the market environment) and a bottom-up (researching individual issuers) analysis. The top-down analysis looks at broad economic and financial trends in an effort to anticipate their impact on the fixed-income market and seeks to identify certain criteria that contribute to the overall target portfolio characteristics such as duration, spread, ratings and liquidity. The bottom-up analysis seeks to identify securities that the Manager believes have favorable risk/reward characteristics and targets those securities for overweight positioning. From the sector level, the Manager identifies companies that have positive attributes and considers the issuer’s past, present and estimated future: financial strength, cash flow, management, borrowing requirements, balance sheet policy and relative safety. Additional factors considered include leverage, interest coverage, revenue and margin stability, competition and industry trends, as well as relative value and liquidity.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses in buying securities, including a review of the risk and reward potential for a specific issuer. The Manager also may sell a security if, in the Manager’s opinion, the price of the security has risen to fully reflect the company’s improved creditworthiness. The Manager also may sell a security to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities, to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security or to raise cash.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

17


 

Fund summaries

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Financials sector risk — The risk that the value of a fund’s shares will be affected by factors particular to the financials and related sectors (such as government regulation) and may fluctuate more widely than that of a fund that invests in a broad range of sectors.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Foreign risk — The risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic conditions, the imposition of economic or trade sanctions, or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards.

Limited number of securities risk — The possibility that a single security’s increase or decrease in value may have a greater impact on a fund’s value and total return because the fund may hold larger positions in fewer securities than other funds. In addition, a fund that holds a limited number of securities may be more volatile than those funds that hold a greater number of securities.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Portfolio turnover risk — High portfolio turnover rates may increase a fund’s transaction costs and lower returns.

US government securities risk — The risk that certain US government securities, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the credit of the issuer or by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

18


 

How has Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 14.81% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -7.61% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

             

 

1 year

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

-1.80%

   

5.44%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

-3.95%

   

3.39%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

-0.70%

   

3.37%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

0.93%

   

6.26%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

0.94%

   

6.27%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

0.68%

   

6.00%

 
Bloomberg US Corporate Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 4/3/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

-1.04%

   

5.21%

 

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

19


 

Fund summaries

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Michael G. Wildstein, CFA

Senior Managing Director, Head of US Credit and Insurance

November 2021

Wayne A. Anglace, CFA

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Kashif Ishaq

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

20


 

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund

(formerly, Delaware Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund seeks to provide total return through a combination of current income and capital appreciation.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Management fees

 

 

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.75%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.63%

   

0.49%

   

0.67%

   

0.46%

   

0.60%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.63%

2

 

2.24%

2

 

1.42%

2

 

1.21%

2

 

1.60%

2

Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.40%)

3

 

(0.40%)

3

 

(0.62%)

3

 

(0.41%)

3

 

(0.40%)

3

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses

 

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

1.24%

   

1.85%

   

0.81%

   

0.81%

   

1.21%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

The Total annual fund operating expenses ratio shown above does not correlate to the expense ratio shown in the Financial Highlights table because that ratio does not include the Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses.

3

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 1.23% for Class A shares; 1.84% for Class C shares; 0.80% for Class I shares; 0.80% for Class R6 shares; and 1.20% for Class Y shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

4

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses sets forth the Fund's pro rata portion of the cumulative expenses charged by the registered investment companies (RICs) in which the Fund invested during the last fiscal year. The actual Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses will vary with changes in the allocations of the Fund's assets. The Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses shown are based on the total expense ratio of the RICs for the RICs’ most recent fiscal period. These expenses are not direct costs paid by Fund shareholders, and are not used to calculate the Fund's NAV.

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

21


 

Fund summaries

 

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

1 year

 

 

$571

   

$188

   

$83

   

$83

   

$123

 
3 years

 

 

$907

   

$665

   

$391

   

$347

   

$469

 
5 years

 

 

$1,266

   

$1,169

   

$723

   

$631

   

$838

 
10 years

 

 

$2,274

   

$2,400

   

$1,660

   

$1,441

   

$1,877

 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 120% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund is a non-diversified fund that seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in debt securities that are denominated in local currencies of emerging market countries, as well as derivative instruments that provide investment exposure to such debt securities. The Fund may, but is not required to, hedge its exposure to those non-US currencies, which strategy, if utilized, may effectively reduce the Fund’s exposure to the local currencies of the emerging market countries in which the Fund invests.

For purposes of this Fund, emerging market countries include, but are not limited to, those considered to be developing by the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the International Financial Corporation or one of the leading global investment banks. The Manager has broad discretion to identify other countries that it considers to qualify as emerging market countries. The majority of these emerging market countries are likely to be located in Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, Central and Eastern Europe, and Africa. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in emerging market countries. The Fund also may invest up to 20% of its net assets in securities denominated in the US Dollar.

The Fund is non-diversified, meaning that it may invest a significant portion of its total assets in a limited number of issuers.

The debt securities in which the Fund primarily invests include emerging market sovereign, quasi-sovereign, corporate and supranational agency and organization debt securities. Sovereign debt securities are securities that are issued or guaranteed by foreign sovereign governments, while quasi-sovereign debt securities are securities that are issued by their agencies, authorities or political subdivisions or instrumentalities. The Manager may use structured products such as credit-linked notes and bonds or other transferable securities whose returns may be related to the performance of a particular investment index. Credit-linked notes typically are structured as a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative or basket of derivatives instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and/or other securities, to provide exposure to emerging markets debt securities. The Manager may focus the Fund’s investments in particular countries and/or currencies.

The Fund may invest in debt securities of any maturity, may invest in unlisted debt securities and may invest up to 100% of its total assets in non-investment grade debt securities, commonly called junk bonds, that include debt securities rated BB+ or lower by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO) or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. The emerging market debt securities in which the Fund invests may be rated or unrated. In addition, the countries in which the Fund invests may have sovereign ratings that are below investment grade or are unrated. Debt securities in which the Fund may invest may have all types of interest rate payment and reset terms, including fixed-rate, adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment in kind and auction rate features.

The Fund expects to use a variety of derivative instruments for various purposes. The Fund’s investments in, and use of, derivatives may be significant. The Fund may, at any given time, use a combination of the following types of derivatives: primarily forward currency contracts and interest rate swaps, but also including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts, forward contracts on financial instruments or on a security or an index of securities, options on futures contracts, over-the-counter (OTC) total return swaps and/or credit default swaps. The Fund may use derivatives in an attempt to hedge various instruments, to hedge an investment in one currency back to another currency, to enhance return, to invest in a position not otherwise available, to take a fundamental position long or short in a particular currency, or to mitigate the impact of rising interest rates. In addition, the Fund may use derivatives as part of its risk management process by establishing or adjusting exposure to particular foreign securities, markets or currencies. With credit default swaps, the Fund may either sell or buy credit protection with respect to bonds or other debt securities pursuant to the terms of these derivative contracts.

The Manager uses a multi-staged, systematic investment process in selecting emerging market investments for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio. The process combines a top-down (assessing the market environment) and bottom-up (researching individual issuers) analysis in an attempt to invest opportunistically in such instruments that the Manager believes can provide risk-adjusted outperformance. Part of the Manager’s top-down analysis includes assessing the global

22


 

risk environment, taking into account a variety of factors, and examining country fundamentals to develop interest rate forecasts and currency forecasts by country. Interest rate factors the Manager will examine include a country’s monetary policy, inflation, growth, fiscal policy and politics. Currency factors examined include a country’s interest rate and growth differential, balance of payments and currency policy.

Following its top-down analysis, the Manager conducts a bottom-up analysis and selects investments for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio based on the Manager’s perceived value of an individual investment relative to alternative investments, credit and currency opportunities, duration and yield curve positioning for the interest rate outlook, and an effort to achieve appropriate diversification. The Manager also considers an issuer’s capitalization, asset quality, management, earnings and liquidity.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager continues to analyze the factors considered for buying the security. The Manager may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes to be more attractive opportunities or to raise cash.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Capital repatriation risk — The risk that a fund may be unable to repatriate capital from its investments, in whole or in part, which may have an adverse effect on the cash flows and/or performance of the fund. Capital repatriation involves the transfer of corporate money or property from a foreign country back to its home country. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times from the date of such investments or even indefinitely.

Credit-linked notes risk — The risk that the value of a credit-linked note may be impacted by its underlying reference obligation. Risks associated with underlying reference obligations, include but are not limited to market risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, default risk and foreign currency risk. The buyer of a credit-linked note assumes the risk of default by the issuer and the underlying reference asset or entity. If the underlying investment defaults, the payments and principal received by the Fund will be reduced or eliminated. Also, in the event the issuer defaults or there is a credit event that relates to the reference asset, the recovery rate generally is less than a fund’s initial investment, and a fund may lose money.

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Derivatives risk — Derivatives contracts, such as futures, forward foreign currency contracts, options, and swaps, may involve additional expenses (such as the payment of premiums) and are subject to significant loss if a security, index, reference rate, or other asset or market factor to which a derivatives contract is associated, moves in the opposite direction from what the portfolio manager anticipated. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivatives instrument may also not correlate specifically with the currency, rate, or other risk being hedged, in which case a fund may not realize the intended benefits. Derivatives contracts are also subject to the risk that the counterparty may fail to perform its obligations under the contract due to, among other reasons, financial difficulties (such as a bankruptcy or reorganization).

Futures contracts risk —The risk that there will be imperfect correlation between the change in market value of a fund’s securities and the price of futures contracts, which may result in the strategy not working as intended; the possible inability of the fund to sell or close out a futures contract at the desired time or price; losses due to unanticipated market movements, which potentially are unlimited; and the possible inability of a portfolio manager to correctly predict the direction of securities’ prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors, which may make the fund’s returns more volatile or increase the risk of loss.

Interest rate swap risk — Interest rate swaps are subject to interest rate risk and credit risk. An interest rate swap transaction could result in losses if the underlying asset or reference does not perform as anticipated. Interest rate swaps also are subject to counterparty risk. If the counterparty fails to meet its obligations, a fund may lose money, potentially including amounts in excess of the fund’s initial investment.

Options risk — Options can offer large amounts of leverage, which may result in the Fund’s NAV being more sensitive to changes in the value of the related instrument. When a fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counterparty from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option. Failure by the counterparty to do so could result in the loss of any premium paid by a fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction. A fund’s ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-listed options depends on the existence of a liquid market,

23


 

Fund summaries

and there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. If a fund were unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction or an economically offsetting purchase transaction from another counterparty for a covered call option written by a fund could cause material losses to the fund because the fund would, if unable to substitute other collateral, be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.

Swaps risk — The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swap agreements may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Examples of swap agreements include, but are not limited to, equity, commodity, index or other total return swaps, foreign currency swaps, credit default swaps and interest rate swaps.

Duration risk — The risk that longer-duration debt securities are more likely to decline in price than shorter duration debt securities in a rising interest rate environment. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a debt security or portfolio to interest rate changes.

Emerging markets risk — The risk associated with international investing will be greater in emerging markets than in more developed foreign markets because, among other things, emerging markets may have less stable political and economic environments. In addition, there often is substantially less publicly available information about issuers and such information tends to be of a lesser quality. Economic markets and structures tend to be less mature and diverse and the securities markets may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts risk — The risk that a fund’s use of foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts to hedge certain market risks (such as interest rates, currency exchange rates and broad or specific market movement) may increase the possibility of default by the counterparty to the transaction and, to the extent the Manager's judgment as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk of losses that are greater than if the investment technique had not been used.

Currency risk — The risk that fluctuations in exchange rates between the US dollar and foreign currencies and between various foreign currencies may cause the value of an investment to decline.

Foreign government/supranational risk — The risk that a foreign government or government-related issuer may be unable to make timely payments on its external debt obligations.

Foreign risk — The risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic conditions, the imposition of economic or trade sanctions, or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Nondiversification risk — A nondiversified fund has the flexibility to invest as much as 50% of its assets in as few as two issuers with no single issuer accounting for more than 25% of the fund. The remaining 50% of its assets must be diversified so that no more than 5% of its assets are invested in the securities of a single issuer. Because a nondiversified fund may invest its assets in fewer issuers, the value of its shares may increase or decrease more rapidly than if it were fully diversified.

Portfolio turnover risk — High portfolio turnover rates may increase a fund’s transaction costs and lower returns.

24


 

Geographic focus risk — The risk that local political and economic conditions could adversely affect the performance of a fund investing a substantial amount of assets in securities of issuers located in a single country or a limited number of countries. Adverse events in any one country within the Asia-Pacific region may impact the other countries in the region or Asia as a whole. As a result, adverse events in the region will generally have a greater effect on a fund than if the fund were more geographically diversified, which could result in greater volatility in the fund’s net asset value and losses.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 11.57% for the quarter ended December 31, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -16.52% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

25


 

Fund summaries

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-11.89%

   

-0.14%

   

-1.68%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-11.89%

   

-0.47%

   

-1.98%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-7.04%

   

-0.25%

   

-1.39%

 
Class C return before taxes (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-10.86%

   

-0.23%

   

-1.98%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-9.13%

   

0.76%

   

-0.99%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 1/30/15-12/31/21)

 

 

-9.23%

   

0.74%

   

0.00%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-9.64%

   

0.38%

   

-1.33%

 
JP Morgan GBI-EM Global Diversified Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 4/30/14‑12/31/21)

 

 

-8.75%

   

2.82%

   

-0.19%

 

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Alex Kozhemiakin, CFA

Managing Director, Head of Emerging Markets Debt

November 2021

Mansur Z. Rasul

Senior Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

26


 

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

27


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund

(formerly, Ivy Government Securities Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund seeks to provide current income consistent with preservation of capital.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                         

Class

A

C

I

R6

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                         

Class

A

C

I

R6

Management fees

 

 

0.50%

   

0.50%

   

0.50%

   

0.50%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.25%

   

0.32%

   

0.26%

   

0.10%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.00%

   

1.82%

   

0.76%

   

0.60%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.03%)

2

 

0.00%

2

 

(0.04%)

2

 

0.00%

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

0.97%

   

1.82%

   

0.72%

   

0.60%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 0.97% for Class A shares; 1.82% for Class C shares; 0.72% for Class I shares; and 0.60% for Class R6 shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                         

Class

A

C

I

R6

1 year

 

 

$545

   

$185

   

$74

   

$61

 
3 years

 

 

$751

   

$573

   

$239

   

$192

 
5 years

 

 

$975

   

$985

   

$418

   

$335

 
10 years

 

 

$1,617

   

$1,922

   

$939

   

$750

 

28


 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 31% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in US government securities (80% policy). US government securities include: US Treasury (Treasury) obligations, such as bills, bonds and notes; obligations issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the Treasury, and certain US government agencies or instrumentalities, such as Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae); obligations of issuers that are supported by the ability of the issuer to borrow from the US Treasury; and obligations of US government-sponsored entities that are neither issued nor guaranteed by the US government, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae). The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and nonhedging purposes. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; interest rate swaps to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes; credit default swaps to hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return; and index swaps to enhance return or to effect diversification. The Fund will not use derivatives for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective. The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities issued by US government-sponsored entities or agencies or instrumentalities of US government agencies. The Fund has no limitations on the range of maturities of the debt securities in which it may invest.

The Manager may look at a number of factors in selecting securities for the Fund’s portfolio. These include utilizing economic research and analyzing interest rate trends to determine which types of securities to emphasize at a given time. The Manager attempts to enhance Fund performance by utilizing opportunities presented by the shape and slope of the yield curve.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses when buying securities to determine whether the security continues to be a desired investment for the Fund. The Manager also may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities or to raise cash.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

29


 

Fund summaries

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk — The risk that the principal on mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities may be prepaid at any time, which will reduce the yield and market value. If interest rates fall, the rate of prepayments tends to increase as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of mortgage-related securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, a fund that holds mortgage-related securities may exhibit additional volatility. 

Security focus risk — The risk that at times, a fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector. Individual sectors may be more volatile, and may perform differently, than the broader market. Companies in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making a fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than mutual funds that invest more broadly.

US government securities risk — The risk that certain US government securities, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the credit of the issuer or by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

The Fund commenced operations on October 16, 2017, in connection with a reorganization (the “Reorganization”) in which the Fund acquired all of the assets and liabilities of the Waddell & Reed Advisors Government Securities Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”). Prior to the Reorganization, the Fund was a “shell” fund with no assets and had not commenced operations. As a result of the Reorganization, the Fund has adopted the performance of the Predecessor Fund. Therefore, the returns presented below for the Fund reflect the performance of the Predecessor Fund through October 16, 2017 and the performance of the Fund thereafter.

The chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Predecessor Fund prior to October 16, 2017, and in the Fund beginning on October 16, 2017.

Prior to January 31, 2012, the Predecessor Fund's investment objective was to seek as high a current income as is consistent with safety of principal. Effective as of January 31, 2012, the Predecessor Fund changed its investment objective to seek to provide current income consistent with preservation of capital.

30


 

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 5.22% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -3.59% for the quarter ended June 30, 2013. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

10 years or lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes

 

 

-4.46%

   

1.46%

   

0.79%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions

 

 

-4.86%

   

0.91%

   

0.17%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares

 

 

-2.64%

   

0.88%

   

0.33%

 
Class C return before taxes

 

 

-2.79%

   

1.10%

   

0.36%

 
Class I return before taxes

 

 

-1.72%

   

2.25%

   

1.34%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 10/16/17-12/31/21)

 

 

-1.61%

   

n/a

   

2.32%

 
Bloomberg US Government/Mortgage-Backed Securities Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes)

 

 

-1.77%

   

2.85%

   

2.21%

 

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Brian M. Scotto

Senior Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Eric Frei, CMT

Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

31


 

Fund summaries

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Fund. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet as set forth below (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I and Class R6 shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

32


 

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund

(formerly, Ivy PineBridge High Yield Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund seeks to provide total return through a combination of high current income and capital appreciation.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                   

Class

A

I

R6

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                   

Class

A

I

R6

Management fees

 

 

0.62%

   

0.62%

   

0.62%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

none

   

none

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.26%

   

0.35%

   

0.18%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.13%

   

0.97%

   

0.80%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.14%)

2

 

(0.25%)

2

 

(0.08%)

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

0.99%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 0.99% for Class A shares; 0.72% for Class I shares; and 0.72% for Class R6 shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                   

Class

A

I

R6

1 year

 

 

$546

   

$74

   

$74

 
3 years

 

 

$780

   

$284

   

$247

 
5 years

 

 

$1,031

   

$512

   

$436

 
10 years

 

 

$1,751

   

$1,167

   

$982

 

33


 

Fund summaries

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 83% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing primarily in a diversified portfolio of high-yield, lower-quality fixed-income securities of US and foreign issuers, the risks of which are, in the judgment of Delaware Management Company (Manager), consistent with the Fund’s investment objective. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in non-investment grade debt securities, commonly called “high yield” or “junk” bonds. Such bonds include debt securities rated BB+ or lower by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO), or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in non-investment grade debt securities.

The Fund also may invest up to 20% of its total assets in lower-quality debt securities that are considered investment grade securities rated by S&P (or comparably rated by another NRSRO, or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality). The Fund may invest in fixed-income securities of any maturity and in companies of any size, but intends to invest primarily in intermediate and long-term corporate obligations.

The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in foreign debt securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets.

In selecting securities for the Fund, the Manager combines a top-down (assessing the market environment) and bottom-up (researching individual issuers) investment philosophy, with a strong focus on a security’s relative value. From a top-down perspective, the Manager considers both industry specific trends and other macroeconomic events that are impacting issuers.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager utilizes the same factors it considers for buying a security, in addition to its relative valuation. The Manager also may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes to be more attractive opportunities, or to raise cash.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Foreign risk — The risk that foreign securities may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic conditions, the imposition of economic or trade sanctions, or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards.

34


 

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

35


 

Fund summaries

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 9.39% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -11.60% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

2.35%

   

4.89%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

-0.64%

   

2.54%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

1.38%

   

2.70%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

5.24%

   

5.75%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

5.25%

   

5.73%

 
ICE BofA US High Yield Constrained Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)*

 

 

5.35%

   

5.67%

 
Bloomberg US Corporate High Yield Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 5/18/17‑12/31/21)*

 

 

5.28%

   

5.89%

   

 

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the ICE BofA US High Yield Constrained Index as of November 15, 2021. The Fund elected to use the new index because it more closely reflects the Fund’s investment strategies.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Adam H. Brown, CFA

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

John P. McCarthy, CFA

Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

36


 

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I and Class R6 shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

37


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund

(formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund seeks to provide capital growth and appreciation.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

5.75%

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Management fees

 

 

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.34%

   

0.34%

   

0.40%

   

0.22%

   

0.38%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.59%

   

2.34%

   

1.40%

   

1.22%

   

1.63%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.22%)

2

 

(0.22%)

2

 

(0.41%)

2

 

(0.23%)

2

 

(0.26%)

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

1.37%

   

2.12%

   

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

1.37%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 1.37% for Class A shares; 2.12% for Class C shares; 0.99% for Class I shares; 0.99% for Class R6 shares; and 1.37% for Class Y shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

1 year

 

 

$706

   

$215

   

$101

   

$101

   

$139

 
3 years

 

 

$1,028

   

$709

   

$403

   

$364

   

$489

 
5 years

 

 

$1,371

   

$1,230

   

$727

   

$648

   

$862

 
10 years

 

 

$2,338

   

$2,472

   

$1,644

   

$1,457

   

$1,911

 

38


 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 47% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund seeks to achieve its objective to provide capital growth and appreciation by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in common stocks of small-capitalization companies located throughout the world. The Fund considers small-cap market capitalization companies to be companies with market capitalizations within the range of companies in the MSCI ACWI ex USA Small Cap Index at the time of purchase. As of December 31, 2021, this range of market capitalizations was between $15 million and $9.2 billion. This range is subject to change with market fluctuations. The Fund may continue to hold securities of a company even if its current market cap later exceeds the market cap range of the MSCI ACWI ex USA Small Cap Index.

The Fund seeks to be diversified geographically and by industry and, under normal circumstances, will invest primarily in companies located in developed markets outside the United States and Canada, although the Fund also may invest in companies located in emerging markets. The Fund also may invest in depositary receipts (e.g., American depositary receipts, European depositary receipts, and global depositary receipts) of foreign issuers. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in foreign securities, including securities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar.

The Fund may focus a portion of its investments in a particular sector or sectors of the economy. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various additional foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets. Using a bottom-up approach, the Manager will seek to select securities of companies that it believes are undergoing positive fundamental change, which may lead to better-than-expected earnings growth. The Manager believes that the magnitude and duration of growth driven by positive fundamental change is often underestimated and that the shares of companies experiencing such a change typically will continue to experience relative price strength and continue to outperform the broader market. The Manager may sell a security if it no longer believes that the security is likely to contribute to meeting the investment objective of the Fund or if there are other opportunities that appear more attractive.

The Manager may permit its affiliates, Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) and Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited, to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager. The Manager may also seek quantitative support from MIMGL.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Market risk — The risk that all or a majority of the securities in a certain market — such as the stock or bond market — will decline in value because of factors such as adverse political or economic conditions, future expectations, investor confidence, or heavy institutional selling.

Foreign and emerging markets risk — The risk that international investing (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability; changes in currency exchange rates; inefficient markets and higher transaction costs; foreign economic conditions; the imposition of economic or trade sanctions; or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards. The risk associated with international investing will be greater in emerging markets than in more developed foreign markets because, among other things, emerging markets may have less stable political and economic environments. In addition, there often is substantially less publicly available information about issuers and such information tends to be of a lesser quality. Economic markets and structures tend to be less mature and diverse and the securities markets may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility.

Geographic focus risk — The risk that local political and economic conditions could adversely affect the performance of a fund investing a substantial amount of assets in securities of issuers located in a single country or a limited number of countries.

Company size risk — The risk that investments in small- and/or medium-sized companies may be more volatile than those of larger companies because of limited financial resources or dependence on narrow product lines.

Government and regulatory risk — The risk that governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance.

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Fund summaries

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 20.24% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -26.11% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 5.75%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

40


 

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

             

 

1 year

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

7.29%

   

9.48%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

1.91%

   

8.10%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

5.84%

   

7.10%

 
Class C return before taxes (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

10.29%

   

9.43%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

11.69%

   

10.69%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

11.70%

   

10.68%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)

 

 

11.29%

   

10.27%

 
MSCI ACWI ex USA Small Cap Index (net) (reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)*

 

 

12.93%

   

10.84%

 
MSCI EAFE Small Cap Index (net) (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 1/10/17‑12/31/21)*

 

 

10.10%

   

10.70%

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the MSCI ACWI ex USA Small Cap Index as of November 15, 2021. The Fund elected to use the new index because it more closely reflects the Fund’s investment strategies.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Joseph Devine

Managing Director, Chief Investment Officer — Global Small Cap Equity

November 2021

Stephan Maikkula, CFA, CMT

Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Gabriel Wallach

Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited (MFMHKL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

41


 

Fund summaries

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

42


 

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

(formerly, Delaware Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund seeks to provide a high level of current income. Capital appreciation is a secondary objective.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

5.75%

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

1

 

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Management fees

 

 

0.70%

   

0.70%

   

0.70%

   

0.70%

   

0.70%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.29%

   

0.32%

   

0.29%

   

0.14%

   

0.27%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.24%

   

2.02%

   

0.99%

   

0.84%

   

1.22%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.07%)

2

 

(0.07%)

2

 

(0.24%)

2

 

(0.09%)

2

 

(0.07%)

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

1.17%

   

1.95%

   

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

1.15%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 1.17% for Class A shares; 1.95% for Class C shares; 0.75% for Class I shares; 0.75% for Class R6 shares; and 1.15% for Class Y shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

1 year

 

 

$687

   

$198

   

$77

   

$77

   

$117

 
3 years

 

 

$939

   

$627

   

$291

   

$259

   

$380

 
5 years

 

 

$1,210

   

$1,082

   

$524

   

$457

   

$664

 
10 years

 

 

$1,983

   

$2,142

   

$1,191

   

$1,029

   

$1,471

 

43


 

Fund summaries

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 57% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund seeks to achieve its objective by primarily investing its assets among a diversified portfolio of global equity and equity-income generating securities, including but not limited to infrastructure securities, natural resource securities, Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) and global real estate securities which are primarily in equity and equity-related securities issued by “Global Real Estate Companies. The Fund may also invest in high-yield, high-risk, fixed-income securities of US and foreign issuers, as well as investment grade debt and inflation-linked bonds.

The portfolio targets approximately 30% high yield, high income securities; 40% in global equity and income generating equity securities and approximately 10% in global real estate securities. Together, these allocations determine the 80% policy.

Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 30% of its net assets in foreign securities, including emerging markets issuers. The Fund may purchase both equity and fixed income securities. The Fund may invest in securities of companies or issuers of any size market capitalization.

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), the Fund's sub-advisor that is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the portfolio, uses an active allocation approach when selecting investments for the Fund. The Fund has flexibility in the relative weightings given to each of these categories. In addition, the Fund may, in the future, invest in additional investment categories other than those listed herein, to the extent consistent with the Fund's investment objective.

The high yield portion of the portfolio is a diversified portfolio of high-yield, high-risk, fixed-income securities, including secured and unsecured loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments (loans), of US and foreign issuers, the risks of which are, in the Manager’s judgment, consistent with the Fund’s objectives. The Manager invests the assets allocated to this sleeve primarily in lower-quality debt securities, which include debt securities rated BB+ or lower by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. The Manager may invest an unlimited amount of the assets allocated to this sleeve in junk bonds. The Manager may invest assets allocated to the high income strategy in fixed-income securities of any maturity. The Manager may invest up to 100% of the sleeve’s assets in foreign securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies.

The Fund may also invest in other fixed-income securities, including investment grade debt, which include debt securities rated BBB- or higher by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. The Fund may invest in Inflation-linked securities including US and Global TIPS securities (generally sovereign debt with inflation-linked coupon step-ups). The Manager may invest in fixed-income securities of any maturity. The Manager may invest in foreign securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies.

The Fund may use a wide range of derivative instruments, typically including forward foreign currency contracts, options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, and credit default swaps. The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and non-hedging purposes; as a substitute for purchasing or selling securities; and to manage the Fund's portfolio characteristics. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; forward foreign currency contracts to manage foreign currency exposure; and credit default swaps to hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return.

Within the global equity portion, under normal circumstances, the Manager invests primarily in equity securities, including dividend-paying common stocks, from across the globe. Although this sleeve invests primarily in large capitalization companies (typically companies with market capitalizations of at least $10 billion at the time of acquisition), it may invest in companies of any size. This portion of the portfolio might also invest in infrastructure securities that derive at least 50% of their revenues or profits directly or indirectly from infrastructure assets, or commit at least 50% of its assets to activities related to infrastructure. Infrastructure securities can include master limited partnerships (MLPs). The equity portion of the portfolio can also invest in natural resources companies that (i) derives at least 50% of its revenues, profits or value, either directly or indirectly, from natural resources assets including, but not limited to: (a) timber and agriculture assets and securities; (b) commodities and commodity-linked assets and securities, including, but not limited to, precious metals, such as gold, silver and platinum, ferrous and nonferrous metals, such as iron, aluminum and copper, metals such as uranium and titanium, hydrocarbons such as coal, oil and natural gas, timberland, undeveloped real property and agricultural commodities; and (c) energy, including the exploration, production, processing and manufacturing of hydrocarbon-related and chemical-related products; or (ii) provides supporting services to such natural resources companies.

44


 

“Global Real Estate Companies” are companies that meet one of the following criteria: companies qualifying for US Federal income tax purposes as real estate investment trusts (REITs);entities similar to REITs formed under the laws of a country other than the US; companies located in any country that, at the time of initial purchase by the sleeve, derive at least 50% of their revenues from the ownership, construction, financing, management or sale of commercial, industrial or residential real estate, or that have at least 50% of their assets invested in such real estate; or companies located in any country that are primarily engaged in businesses that sell or offer products or services that are closely related to the real estate industry. The equity and equity-related securities in which this sleeve invests include common stocks, rights or warrants to purchase common stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, and preferred stocks. The sleeve does not directly invest in real estate.

In addition, the Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations relating to fixed income securities from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL). The Manager may also permit MIMGL and Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited (MFMHKL) to execute Fund equity security trades on behalf of the Manager. The Manager may also permit MIMEL and MIMGL to exercise investment discretion and perform trading for fixed income securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize MIMEL’s or MIMGL’s specialized market knowledge, and the Manager may also seek quantitative support from MIMGL. MIMGL is also responsible for managing real estate investment trust securities and other equity asset classes to which the portfolio managers may allocate assets from time to time.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Asset allocation risk — The risk associated with the allocation of a fund’s assets amongst varying underlying styles. Portfolio managers may make investment decisions independently of one another, and may make conflicting investment decisions which could be detrimental to a fund’s performance.

Market risk — The risk that all or a majority of the securities in a certain market — such as the stock or bond market — will decline in value because of factors such as adverse political or economic conditions, future expectations, investor confidence, or heavy institutional selling.

Foreign risk — The risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic conditions, the imposition of economic or trade sanctions, or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Senior loan risk — The risk that a court could subordinate a senior loan to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of senior loans and that if a borrower prepays a senior loan, a fund will have to reinvest the proceeds in other senior loans or securities that may pay lower interest rates. The risks associated with senior loans are similar to the risks of junk bonds, although senior loans typically are senior and secured, whereas junk bonds often are subordinated and unsecured. Investments in senior loans typically are below investment grade and are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuers. Senior loans are also subject to the risks typically associated with debt securities, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, and prepayment risk.

REIT-related risk — The risk that the value of a fund’s investments in a REIT may be adversely affected by (1) changes in the value of the REIT’s underlying property or the property secured by mortgages the REIT holds; (2) loss of REIT federal tax status (and the resulting inability to qualify for modified pass-through tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code” or the “Code”)) or changes in laws and/or rules related to

45


 

Fund summaries

that status; or (3) the REIT’s failure to maintain its exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (1940 Act). In addition, a fund may experience a decline in its income from REIT securities due to falling interest rates or decreasing dividend payments.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Duration risk — The risk that longer-duration debt securities are more likely to decline in price than shorter duration debt securities in a rising interest rate environment. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a debt security or portfolio to interest rate changes.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk — The risk that the principal on mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities may be prepaid at any time, which will reduce the yield and market value. If interest rates fall, the rate of prepayments tends to increase as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of mortgage-related securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, a fund that holds mortgage-related securities may exhibit additional volatility. 

MLP risk — MLPs are subject to significant federal, state and local government regulation. Investment in MLPs may also have tax consequences for shareholders. If a fund retains its investment until its basis is reduced to zero, subsequent distributions will be taxable at ordinary income rates and shareholders may receive corrected 1099s.

Derivatives risk — Derivatives contracts, such as futures, forward foreign currency contracts, options, and swaps, may involve additional expenses (such as the payment of premiums) and are subject to significant loss if a security, index, reference rate, or other asset or market factor to which a derivatives contract is associated, moves in the opposite direction from what the portfolio manager anticipated. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivatives instrument may also not correlate specifically with the currency, rate, or other risk being hedged, in which case a fund may not realize the intended benefits. Derivatives contracts are also subject to the risk that the counterparty may fail to perform its obligations under the contract due to, among other reasons, financial difficulties (such as a bankruptcy or reorganization).

Natural resources risk — The market value of natural resources securities may be affected by numerous factors, including events occurring in nature, inflationary pressures and international politics. For example, events occurring in nature (such as earthquakes or fires in prime natural resource areas) and political events (such as coups, military confrontations or acts of terrorism) can affect the overall supply of a natural resource and the value of companies involved in such natural resource.

Commodity-related investments risk — The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and economic health, political, international regulatory and other developments. Exposure to the commodities markets may subject a fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities.

Distressed securities risk — The risk that a fund may lose a substantial portion or all of its investment in distressed securities or may be required to accept cash, securities or other property with a value less than its original investment. Distressed debt securities are speculative and involve substantial risks in addition to the risks of investing in lower-grade debt securities. In certain periods, there may be little or no liquidity in the markets for distressed securities. The prices of such securities may be subject to periods of abrupt and erratic market movements and above average price volatility and it may be difficult to value such securities.

Equity-linked securities risk — The risk that, although common stocks and other equity securities have a history of long-term growth in value, the prices of equity-linked securities may fluctuate in the short term, particularly those linked to smaller companies.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

46


 

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 12.24% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -19.88% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 5.75%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

47


 

Fund summaries

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

7.75%

   

6.37%

   

6.27%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

5.87%

   

4.47%

   

4.56%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

4.56%

   

4.18%

   

4.21%

 
Class C return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

10.85%

   

6.34%

   

6.09%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

12.17%

   

7.55%

   

7.27%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

12.16%

   

7.63%

   

7.35%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

11.84%

   

7.20%

   

6.94%

 
50% MSCI ACWI (All Country World Index) + 50% ICE BofA US High Yield Index* (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

11.87%

   

10.30%

   

10.47%

 
50% FTSE All-World High Dividend Yield Index + 50% ICE BofA US High Yield Index * (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

11.59%

   

7.39%

   

8.29%

 
MSCI ACWI (All Country World Index)* (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

18.54%

   

14.40%

   

13.53%

 
ICE BofA US High Yield Index * (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

5.36%

   

6.10%

   

7.25%

 
FTSE All-World High Dividend Yield Index* (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

17.89%

   

8.42%

   

9.10%

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the 50% MSCI ACWI (All Country World Index) + 50% ICE BofA US High Yield Index as of November 15, 2021. The Fund elected to use the new index because it more closely reflects the Fund’s investment strategies.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Aaron D. Young

Vice President, Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Portfolio managers

Title with MIMAK

Start date on the Fund

Stefan Löwenthal

Managing Director, Chief Investment Officer ‑ Global Multi-Asset Team

November 2021

Jürgen Wurzer

Senior Vice President, Deputy Head of Portfolio Management, Senior Investment Manager ‑ Global Multi-Asset Team

November 2021

Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited (MFMHKL)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

48


 

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

49


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund

(formerly, Delaware Ivy Apollo Strategic Income Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund seeks to provide a high level of current income. Capital appreciation is a secondary objective.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

 

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

Management fees

 

 

0.68%

   

0.68%

   

0.68%

   

0.68%

   

0.68%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

   

0.25%

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.26%

   

0.37%

   

0.30%

   

0.16%

   

0.28%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.19%

2

 

2.05%

2

 

0.98%

2

 

0.84%

2

 

1.21%

2

Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.15%)

3

 

(0.23%)

3

 

(0.31%)

3

 

(0.17%)

3

 

(0.17%)

3

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses

 

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

 

0.01%

4

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

1.05%

   

1.83%

   

0.68%

   

0.68%

   

1.05%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

The Total annual fund operating expenses ratio shown above does not correlate to the expense ratio shown in the Financial Highlights table because that ratio does not include the Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses.

3

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 1.04% for Class A shares; 1.82% for Class C shares; 0.67% for Class I shares; 0.67% for Class R6 shares; and 1.04% for Class Y shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

4

Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses sets forth the Fund's pro rata portion of the cumulative expenses charged by the registered investment companies (RICs) in which the Fund invested during the last fiscal year. The actual Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses will vary with changes in the allocations of the Fund's assets. The Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses shown are based on the total expense ratio of the RICs for the RICs’ most recent fiscal period. These expenses are not direct costs paid by Fund shareholders, and are not used to calculate the Fund's NAV.

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

50


 

 

                               

Class

A

C

I

R6

Y

1 year

 

 

$552

   

$186

   

$69

   

$69

   

$107

 
3 years

 

 

$800

   

$624

   

$284

   

$254

   

$370

 
5 years

 

 

$1,066

   

$1,087

   

$517

   

$455

   

$654

 
10 years

 

 

$1,826

   

$2,150

   

$1,185

   

$1,033

   

$1,462

 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 62% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund seeks to achieve its objectives by investing at least 80% of the Fund’s net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in US and foreign debt securities, including those in emerging markets (80% policy). Debt securities include all varieties of fixed, variable and floating rate income securities, including bonds, US and foreign government and agency securities, corporate loans (and loan participations), mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities and convertible securities. To achieve the Fund's investment objective, the Manager will allocate investments among various sectors of debt securities and at any given time may have a substantial amount of its assets invested in any class of debt security.

The Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in high yield, lower-quality debt securities (also known as “junk bonds”).

The Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in foreign securities, including emerging markets securities. The Fund’s total non-US dollar currency exposure may reach 100% of net assets. Due to the manner in which the Fund is managed, it may be subject to a high rate of portfolio turnover.

The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and nonhedging purposes. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; forward foreign currency contracts to manage foreign currency exposure; interest rate swaps to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes; credit default swaps to hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return; and index swaps to enhance return or to effect diversification. The Fund will not use derivatives for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective.

In addition, the Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor's specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Market risk — The risk that all or a majority of the securities in a certain market — such as the stock or bond market — will decline in value because of factors such as adverse political or economic conditions, future expectations, investor confidence, or heavy institutional selling.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

51


 

Fund summaries

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Loans and other indebtedness risk — The risk that a fund will not receive payment of principal, interest, and other amounts due in connection with these investments and will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower and the lending institution. A fund’s ability to sell its loans or to realize their full value upon sale may also be impaired due to the lack of an active trading market, irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads, contractual restrictions, and extended trade settlement periods. In addition, certain loans in which a fund invests may not be considered securities. A fund therefore may not be able to rely upon the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws with respect to these investments.

Adjustable rate securities risk — During periods of rising interest rates, because changes in interest rates on adjustable rate securities may lag behind changes in market rates, the value of such securities may decline until their interest rates reset to market rates. During periods of declining interest rates, because the interest rates on adjustable rate securities generally reset downward, their market value is unlikely to rise to the same extent as the value of comparable fixed rate securities.

Foreign and emerging markets risk — The risk that international investing (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability; changes in currency exchange rates; inefficient markets and higher transaction costs; foreign economic conditions; the imposition of economic or trade sanctions; or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards. The risk associated with international investing will be greater in emerging markets than in more developed foreign markets because, among other things, emerging markets may have less stable political and economic environments. In addition, there often is substantially less publicly available information about issuers and such information tends to be of a lesser quality. Economic markets and structures tend to be less mature and diverse and the securities markets may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility.

Derivatives risk — Derivatives contracts, such as futures, forward foreign currency contracts, options, and swaps, may involve additional expenses (such as the payment of premiums) and are subject to significant loss if a security, index, reference rate, or other asset or market factor to which a derivatives contract is associated, moves in the opposite direction from what the portfolio manager anticipated. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivatives instrument may also not correlate specifically with the currency, rate, or other risk being hedged, in which case a fund may not realize the intended benefits. Derivatives contracts are also subject to the risk that the counterparty may fail to perform its obligations under the contract due to, among other reasons, financial difficulties (such as a bankruptcy or reorganization).

Leveraging risk — The risk that certain fund transactions, such as reverse repurchase agreements, short sales, loans of portfolio securities, and the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, or derivatives instruments, may give rise to leverage, causing a fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, which may result in increased losses to the fund.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk — The risk that the principal on mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities may be prepaid at any time, which will reduce the yield and market value.

Prepayment risk — The risk that the principal on a bond that is held by a fund will be prepaid prior to maturity at a time when interest rates are lower than what that bond was paying. A fund may then have to reinvest that money at a lower interest rate.

Valuation risk — The risk that a less liquid secondary market may make it more difficult for a fund to obtain precise valuations of certain securities in its portfolio.

Portfolio turnover risk — High portfolio turnover rates may increase a fund’s transaction costs and lower returns.

52


 

Government and regulatory risk — The risk that governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

How has Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 8.71% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -9.59% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

53


 

Fund summaries

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

-0.38%

   

3.78%

   

3.94%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

-1.99%

   

1.93%

   

2.15%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

-0.23%

   

2.07%

   

2.22%

 
Class C return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

1.47%

   

3.52%

   

3.60%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

2.64%

   

4.70%

   

4.74%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

2.64%

   

4.72%

   

4.76%

 
Class Y return before taxes (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)

 

 

2.15%

   

4.32%

   

4.39%

 
Bloomberg US Aggregate Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)*

 

 

-1.54%

   

3.57%

   

3.17%

 
50% Bloomberg US Universal Index + 50% ICE BofA US High Yield Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)*

 

 

2.09%

   

5.02%

   

5.47%

 
Bloomberg US Universal Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)*

 

 

-1.10%

   

3.84%

   

3.59%

 
ICE BofA US High Yield Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 10/1/15‑12/31/21)*

 

 

5.36%

   

6.10%

   

7.25%

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the Bloomberg US Aggregate Index as of November 15, 2021. The Fund elected to use the new index because it more closely reflects the Fund’s investment strategies.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

J. David Hillmeyer, CFA

Senior Managing Director, Co-Head of US Multisector Fixed Income

November 2021

Daniela Mardarovici, CFA

Managing Director, Co-Head of US Multisector Fixed Income

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

54


 

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

 

55


 

Fund summaries

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

(formerly, Delaware Ivy Pictet Targeted Return Bond Fund)

On April 30, 2021, the fund in this prospectus (Fund) became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager (hereinafter, the Fund and other legacy Ivy Funds are referred to as Transaction Funds to differentiate them from the other Delaware Funds by Macquarie, the non-Transaction Funds).

On December 17, 2021, the Fund’s Class Y share class liquidated. The Fund’s Class Y share class is closed to investors.

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund seeks to provide total return through a combination of current income and capital appreciation.

What are the Fund’s fees and expenses?

The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. You may qualify for sales-charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $100,000 in Transaction Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the Fund’s Prospectus under the section entitled “About your account,” and in the Fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the section entitled “Purchasing Shares.”

Shareholder fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

                         

Class

A

C

I

R6

Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases as a percentage of offering price

 

 

4.50%

   

none

   

none

   

none

 
Maximum contingent deferred sales charge (load) as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption price, whichever is lower

 

 

1.00%

 

1.00%

1

 

none

   

none

 
Maximum account fee

 

 

none

   

none

   

none

   

none

 

Annual fund operating expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

                         

Class

A

C

I

R6

Management fees

 

 

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

 
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees

 

 

0.25%

   

1.00%

   

none

   

none

 
Other expenses

 

 

0.27%

   

0.23%

   

0.33%

   

0.16%

 
Total annual fund operating expenses

 

 

1.42%

   

2.13%

   

1.23%

   

1.06%

 
Fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

(0.18%)

2

 

(0.18%)

2

 

(0.23%)

2

 

(0.19%)

2

Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waivers and expense reimbursements

 

 

1.24%

   

1.95%

   

1.00%

   

0.87%

 

 

1

For Class A shares, a 1% contingent deferred sales charge (CDSC) is only imposed on Class A shares that were purchased prior to July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 12 months of purchase, or on shares that were purchased after July 1, 2021 at net asset value (NAV) for $1 million or more that are subsequently redeemed within 18 months of purchase. For Class C shares, a 1% CDSC applies to redemptions within 12 months of purchase.

2

From January 28, 2022 through January 28, 2023, Delaware Management Company (Manager), the Fund’s investment manager, Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor), the Fund’s distributor and/or Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), the Fund’s transfer agent, have contractually agreed to reimburse sufficient management fees, 12b-1 fees and/or shareholder servicing fees to cap the total annual ordinary fund operating expenses (which would exclude interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, acquired fund fees and expenses and extraordinary expenses, if any) as follows: 1.24% for Class A shares; 1.95% for Class C shares; 1.00% for Class I shares; and 0.87% for Class R6 shares. Prior to that date, the expense limitation may not be terminated without the consent of the Board of Trustees (Board).

Example

This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and reflects the applicable expense waivers and reimbursements for the 1-year contractual period and the total operating expenses without waivers for years 2 through 10. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

56


 

 

                         

Class

A

C

I

R6

1 year

 

 

$571

   

$198

   

$102

   

$89

 
3 years

 

 

$862

   

$650

   

$368

   

$318

 
5 years

 

 

$1,175

   

$1,128

   

$654

   

$566

 
10 years

 

 

$2,061

   

$2,267

   

$1,468

   

$1,277

 

Portfolio turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 119% of the average value of its portfolio.

What are the Fund’s principal investment strategies?

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in bonds. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 40% of its total assets in securities of non-US issuers. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in foreign securities and in securities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar, although the Fund will limit its foreign currency exposure (from non-US dollar-denominated securities or currencies) to 75% of its total assets as described below. The Fund has the flexibility to invest in any form of debt security, including, but not limited to, US government and foreign government securities, corporate bonds, convertible and non-convertible bonds, inflation-indexed bonds, asset- and mortgage-backed securities. The Fund also may invest in currencies. The Fund may invest directly in the debt securities listed above, as well as in derivative instruments that provide investment exposure to such debt securities. The Fund is unconstrained in its investment approach, meaning that it is not limited by the types of investments in a particular securities index, nor is it limited to any single type of investment strategy.

For the purposes of this section, a reference to the Manager may also include Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL), with respect to its role as sub-advisor of the Fund.

The Manager may consider analysis of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in evaluating investments for the Fund. This analysis considers various inputs, including metrics sourced from external parties and ESG research providers; commitments on ESG progress from issuers; specific bond formats (such as green or sustainability-linked bonds); issuer engagement; and other external and proprietary inputs to judge the issuer’s contribution to improvements in ESG practice. The Fund may favor securities of issuers that are judged by the Manager to meet high ESG standards, and may avoid investment in certain industry sectors, or in securities of issuers that are judged to not meet the Manager’s ESG requirements. The Manager relies on a proprietary ESG framework where issuers are assessed on their exposure to, and management of, environmental, social and governance risks. The Manager’s ESG framework relies on its quantitative and qualitative analysis of factors such as industry sector, issuer specific factors such as history and management, and data from multiple sources, including government reports, company filings and external data providers. This framework is subjective in nature and not intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible risks and are provided as an indication of the types of factors being utilized by the Manager.

As described in more detail below, the Fund expects to use derivatives for various purposes. The Fund may take long positions in derivatives (the values of which typically move in the same direction as the prices of the underlying investments) and short positions in derivatives (the values of which typically move in the opposite direction from the prices of the underlying investments).

The Fund may invest in debt securities of any credit rating and may invest up to 50% of its total assets in non-investment grade debt securities, or high yield or junk bonds, which include bonds rated BB+ or below by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO) or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable quality by the Manager.

The Fund may invest in debt securities from any market or country or denominated in any currency, including issuers located in, and/or generating revenue from, both developed and emerging markets. The Fund will limit its foreign currency exposure (from non-US dollar-denominated securities or currencies) to 75% of its total assets. The Fund reserves the right to hedge its exposure to foreign currencies to reduce the risk of loss from fluctuations in currency exchange rates, but is under no obligation to do so under any circumstances. The Fund expects to use a variety of derivative instruments for various purposes.

The Fund may invest in bonds of any maturity or duration.

The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and nonhedging purposes. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; forward foreign currency contracts to manage foreign currency exposure; interest rate swaps to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes; credit default swaps to

57


 

Fund summaries

hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return; and index swaps to enhance return or to effect diversification. The Fund will not use derivatives for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective.

MIMGL, an affiliate of the Fund's investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), serves as the Fund’s sub-advisor and manages the Fund’s assets. The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK) and Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL) (together with MIMGL, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

What are the principal risks of investing in the Fund?

Investing in any mutual fund involves the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Over time, the value of your investment in the Fund will increase and decrease according to changes in the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors. The Fund’s principal risks include:

Capital repatriation risk — The risk that a fund may be unable to repatriate capital from its investments, in whole or in part, which may have an adverse effect on the cash flows and/or performance of the fund. Capital repatriation involves the transfer of corporate money or property from a foreign country back to its home country. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times from the date of such investments or even indefinitely.

Convertible security risk — The risk that the value of a convertible security may be influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer of a convertible security and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Since a convertible security derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security also is subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock.

Credit risk — The risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures a bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner.

Derivatives risk — Derivatives contracts, such as futures, forward foreign currency contracts, options, and swaps, may involve additional expenses (such as the payment of premiums) and are subject to significant loss if a security, index, reference rate, or other asset or market factor to which a derivatives contract is associated, moves in the opposite direction from what the portfolio manager anticipated. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivatives instrument may also not correlate specifically with the currency, rate, or other risk being hedged, in which case a fund may not realize the intended benefits. Derivatives contracts are also subject to the risk that the counterparty may fail to perform its obligations under the contract due to, among other reasons, financial difficulties (such as a bankruptcy or reorganization).

Duration risk — The risk that longer-duration debt securities are more likely to decline in price than shorter duration debt securities in a rising interest rate environment. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a debt security or portfolio to interest rate changes.

Emerging markets risk — The risk associated with international investing will be greater in emerging markets than in more developed foreign markets because, among other things, emerging markets may have less stable political and economic environments. In addition, there often is substantially less publicly available information about issuers and such information tends to be of a lesser quality. Economic markets and structures tend to be less mature and diverse and the securities markets may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility.

Fixed income risk — The risk that bonds may decrease in value if interest rates increase; an issuer may not be able to make principal and interest payments when due; a bond may be prepaid prior to maturity; and, in the case of high yield bonds (“junk bonds”), such bonds may be subject to an increased risk of default, a more limited secondary market than investment grade bonds, and greater price volatility. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts risk — The risk that a fund’s use of foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts to hedge certain market risks (such as interest rates, currency exchange rates and broad or specific market movement) may increase the possibility of default by the counterparty to the transaction and, to the extent the Manager's judgment as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk of losses that are greater than if the investment technique had not been used.

Currency risk — The risk that fluctuations in exchange rates between the US dollar and foreign currencies and between various foreign currencies may cause the value of an investment to decline.

58


 

Foreign government/supranational risk — The risk that a foreign government or government-related issuer may be unable to make timely payments on its external debt obligations.

Foreign risk — The risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic conditions, the imposition of economic or trade sanctions, or inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards.

Interest rate risk — The risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

High yield (junk bond) risk — The risk that high yield securities, commonly known as “junk bonds,” are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risk of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market. High yield securities may also be subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher-rated securities. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by municipalities that have less financial strength and therefore have less ability to make projected debt payments on the bonds.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk — The risk that the principal on mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities may be prepaid at any time, which will reduce the yield and market value. If interest rates fall, the rate of prepayments tends to increase as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of mortgage-related securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, a fund that holds mortgage-related securities may exhibit additional volatility. 

Portfolio turnover risk — High portfolio turnover rates may increase a fund’s transaction costs and lower returns.

Geographic focus risk — The risk that local political and economic conditions could adversely affect the performance of a fund investing a substantial amount of assets in securities of issuers located in a single country or a limited number of countries.

US government securities risk — The risk that certain US government securities, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the credit of the issuer or by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury.

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing risk — ESG investing risk is the risk that a fund’s strategy may exclude securities of certain issuers for non-financial reasons and the fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not integrate ESG factors in investment decisions. In addition, there is a risk that the companies identified by a fund’s ESG factors will not operate as expected when addressing ESG issues or they will not exhibit positive ESG characteristics as intended.

Liquidity risk — The possibility that investments cannot be readily sold within seven calendar days at approximately the price at which a fund has valued them.

IBOR risk — The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference LIBOR or a similar rate. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Government and regulatory risk — The risk that governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance.

Active management and selection risk — The risk that the securities selected by a fund’s management will underperform the markets, the relevant indices, or the securities selected by other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. The securities and sectors selected may vary from the securities and sectors included in the relevant index.

None of the entities noted in this document is an authorized deposit-taking institution for the purposes of the Banking Act 1959 (Commonwealth of Australia) and the obligations of these entities do not represent deposits or other liabilities of Macquarie Bank Limited ABN 46 008 583 542 (Macquarie Bank). Macquarie Bank does not guarantee or otherwise provide assurance in respect of the obligations of these entities. In addition, if this document relates to an investment (a) each investor is subject to investment risk including possible delays in repayment and loss of income and principal invested and (b) none of Macquarie Bank or any other Macquarie Group company guarantees any particular rate of return on or the performance of the investment, nor do they guarantee repayment of capital in respect of the investment.

59


 

Fund summaries

How has Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund performed?

The bar chart and table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and by showing how the Fund’s average annual total returns for the periods compare with those of a broad measure of market performance. On April 30, 2021, the Fund became part of Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® and Delaware Management Company became the Fund’s investment manager. The returns shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Fund’s prior investment manager. The Fund’s past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how it will perform in the future. The returns reflect any expense caps in effect during these periods. The returns would be lower without the expense caps. You may obtain the Fund’s most recently available month-end performance by calling 888 923-3355 or by visiting our website at ivyinvestments.com.

Effective November 15, 2021, the Fund changed its investment strategy. Performance prior to November 15, 2021 reflects the Fund’s former strategy; its performance may have differed if the Fund’s current strategy had been in place.

Calendar year-by-year total return (Class A)

During the periods illustrated in this bar chart, Class A’s highest quarterly return was 3.37% for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, and its lowest quarterly return was -3.07% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The maximum Class A sales charge of 4.50%, which is normally deducted when you purchase shares, is not reflected in the highest/lowest quarterly returns or in the bar chart. If this fee were included, the returns would be less than those shown. The average annual total returns in the table below do include the sales charge.

Average annual total returns for periods ended December 31, 2021

                   

 

1 year

 

5 years

 

Lifetime

 
Class A return before taxes (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-5.35%

   

1.44%

   

1.40%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-6.18%

   

0.55%

   

0.51%

 
Class A return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-3.01%

   

0.74%

   

0.71%

 
Class C return before taxes (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-4.70%

   

1.20%

   

1.11%

 
Class I return before taxes (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-2.69%

   

2.18%

   

2.07%

 
Class R6 return before taxes (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)

 

 

-2.64%

   

2.31%

   

2.20%

 
Bloomberg Global Aggregate 1-10 Year Index, Hedged to USD (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)*

 

 

-0.77%

   

2.74%

   

2.70%

 
Bloomberg US Treasury Bills: 1-3 Month Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses, or taxes) (lifetime: 1/4/16‑12/31/21)*

 

 

0.04%

   

1.08%

   

0.95%

 

* The Fund changed its primary broad-based securities index to the Bloomberg Global Aggregate 1-10 Year Index, Hedged to USD as of November 15, 2021. The Fund elected to use the new index because it more closely reflects the Fund’s investment strategies.

After-tax performance is presented only for Class A shares of the Fund. The after-tax returns for other Fund classes may vary. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from the returns shown. After-tax returns are not relevant for shares held in tax-advantaged investment vehicles such as employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). The after-tax returns shown are calculated using the highest individual federal marginal income tax rates in effect during the periods presented and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares may be better than return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from losses on a sale of the Fund’s shares at the end of the period.

60


 

Who manages the Fund?

Investment manager

Delaware Management Company, a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust)

Portfolio manager

Title with Delaware Management Company

Start date on the Fund

Andrew Vonthethoff, CFA

Senior Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager

November 2021

Sub-Advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL)

Portfolio manager

Title with MIMGL

Start date on the Fund

Matthew Mulcahy

Managing Director, Head of Rates and Currency

November 2021

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK)

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL)

Purchase and redemption of Fund shares

The Fund’s shares are redeemable. You may purchase or redeem shares on any business day at the Fund’s NAV per share next calculated after your order is received in proper form by Waddell & Reed Services Company, doing business as WI Services Company (WISC), if your account is held directly by the Fund (Direct Accounts) or by your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary if your account is held by the financial intermediary on a networked or omnibus basis with the Funds. Purchases and redemptions are subject to any applicable sales charge. For Direct Accounts, requests to purchase or redeem shares may be submitted in writing to WISC at P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722 (all share classes), by telephone (888 923-3355) (Class A and C shares) or via the internet if you have completed an Express Transaction Authorization Form (ivyinvestments.com) (Class A and C shares). If your shares are not held in a Direct Account (such as for Class R6 shares), please contact your broker-dealer, financial advisor, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750, and subsequent investment can be made in any amount. For accounts opened with Automatic Investment Service (AIS), the minimum investment is generally $150, and subsequent investment can be made for as little as $50. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals minimum investments may be made in any amount. For Class I and Class R6 shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Tax information

The Fund’s distributions generally are taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both, unless you are investing through a tax-advantaged arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an IRA, in which case your distributions may be taxed as ordinary income when withdrawn from the tax-advantaged account.

Payments to broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.

61


 

How we manage the Funds

Our principal investment strategies

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

The Fund seeks to achieve its objective to provide a high level of current income that is not subject to federal and California income tax by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in a diversified portfolio of municipal securities with income payments that are exempt from federal and California income taxes. For purposes of this 80% test, such municipal securities include obligations issued by territories and possessions of the United States (including the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands and Guam).

The Fund typically invests at least 50% of its total assets in medium- and lower-quality municipal securities that generally provide higher yields than securities of higher quality. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in non-investment-grade bonds.

There is no guarantee, however, that the Fund will achieve its objective.

The Fund and the Manager rely on the opinion of bond counsel for an issuer in determining whether the interest on such issuer’s obligations is excludable from gross income for federal and California income tax purposes. A significant portion, up to 40%, of the Fund’s dividends attributable to municipal bond interest may be a Tax Preference Item; however, the Manager does not currently anticipate that the Fund will reach this level and estimates that approximately 20% or less of the Fund’s dividends attributable to municipal bond interest may be a Tax Preference Item. This would have the effect of reducing the Fund’s after-tax return to any investor whose AMT liability was increased by the Fund’s dividends.

Although the Fund expects to invest its assets primarily in obligations issued by the State of California (which include its subdivisions, authorities, instrumentalities and corporations), the Fund also may, to a lesser extent, invest in obligations issued by other US states, territories or possessions (including the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands and Guam).

The main type of municipal securities in which the Fund invests are revenue bonds. The Fund’s investments may have various types of interest rate payments and reset terms, including fixed-rate, floating-rate and auction-rate features.

Revenue bonds are payable only from specific sources; these may include revenues from a particular project or class of projects, a special tax, lease payments, appropriated funds, revenue pass-through arrangements, settlement payments or other revenue source. Revenue bonds include housing bonds that finance pools of single-family home mortgages and student loan bonds that finance pools of student loans, as well as bonds that finance healthcare centers, special tax districts and charter schools. Revenue bonds also include tobacco bonds that are issued by state-created special purpose entities as a means to securitize a state’s share of annual tobacco settlement revenues. The Fund may periodically invest in general obligation bonds for which the issuer has pledged its full faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest.

After conducting a top-down (assessing the market environment) analysis, the Manager uses a research-oriented, bottom-up (researching individual issuers) credit-by-credit investment approach. Although the Manager considers credit ratings in selecting investments for the Fund, the Manager bases its investment decision for a particular instrument primarily on its own credit analysis and not on a NRSRO’s credit rating. The Manager considers a number of factors in selecting individual securities for the Fund’s portfolio, including the security’s current coupon, the maturity, relative value and market yield of the security, the creditworthiness of the particular issuer or of the private company involved, the issuer’s sensitivity to economic conditions and trends, its debt maturity schedules and borrowing requirements, and relative values based on anticipated cash flow, interest and asset coverage, the sector in which the security is identified, and the structure of the security, including whether it has a call feature.

During normal circumstances, the Fund invests:

at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in municipal securities with income payments exempt from federal and California income taxes (including, to a lesser extent, obligations issued by territories and possessions of the United States)

 

at least 50% of its total assets in medium and lower-quality municipal securities, that include securities rated BBB+ or lower by S&P or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality

 

The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in revenue bonds, in securities the payment of principal and interest on which are payable from revenues derived from similar projects, or in municipal securities of issuers located in the same geographical area. The Fund will not, however, have more than 25% of its total assets in revenue bonds issued for any one industry.

At times when yield spreads are narrow and the Manager believes that the higher yields do not justify the increased risk and/or when, in the opinion of the Manager, there is a lack of medium- and lower-quality securities in which to invest, the Fund may invest in higher-quality municipal securities, and may invest less than 50% of its total assets in medium- and lower-quality municipal securities.

The Fund may purchase municipal securities that are additionally secured by insurance, bank credit agreements, or escrow accounts. The credit quality of companies which provide such credit enhancements for municipal securities will affect the value of those securities. Although the insurance feature reduces certain financial risks, the premiums for insurance and the higher market price paid for insured obligations may reduce the Fund’s income. The Fund may

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purchase municipal securities insured by any insurer, regardless of its rating. A municipal security will be deemed to have the rating of its insurer. The insurance feature does not guarantee the market value of the insured obligations or the NAV of the Fund.

During normal market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in a combination of taxable obligations and in options, futures contracts and other derivative instruments, which generate taxable income. Such taxable obligations and instruments may include, but are not limited to, the following:

US government securities

 

obligations of US banks and certain savings and loan associations

 

US dollar-denominated commercial paper and other cash equivalent securities issued by US and foreign issuers that are rated at least A by S&P or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality

 

any of the foregoing obligations subject to repurchase agreements

 

credit default swaps on the debt of financial entities that insure municipal securities

 

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

The Fund also may hold a portion of its assets in municipal securities for which the applicable interest rate formula varies inversely with prevailing interest rates. Distributions to Fund shareholders of income from taxable obligations, repurchase agreements and derivative instruments, as well as of any net capital gains the Fund realizes, will be subject to federal income tax.

At times the Manager may believe that a full or partial defensive position is desirable, temporarily, due to present or anticipated market or economic conditions that are affecting or could affect the values of municipal securities. During such periods, it may invest up to all of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes. In addition, the Manager may invest in shorter-duration bonds which the Manager believes are of higher credit quality or up to all of its assets in taxable obligations, which would result in a higher proportion of its income (and thus its dividends) being subject to federal income tax. By taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

The Fund seeks to achieve its objective to provide current income consistent with maintaining liquidity and preservation of capital by investing in a diversified portfolio of high-quality money market instruments in accordance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act. There is no guarantee, however, that the Fund will achieve its objective.

The Fund invests only in the following US dollar-denominated money market obligations and instruments:

US government securities (including obligations of US government agencies and instrumentalities)

 

bank obligations and instruments secured by bank obligations, such as letters of credit

 

commercial paper (US and foreign issuers), including asset-backed commercial paper programs

 

corporate debt obligations, including floating rate securities and variable rate master demand notes

 

foreign obligations and instruments

 

municipal obligations

 

certain other obligations guaranteed as to principal and interest by a bank in whose obligations the Fund may invest or a corporation in whose commercial paper the Fund may invest

 

The Fund may only invest in bank obligations if they are obligations of a bank subject to regulation by the US government, including foreign branches of these banks, or obligations of a foreign bank having total assets of at least $500 million, and instruments secured by any such obligation.

Certain US government securities in which the Fund may invest, such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. However, other US government securities in which the Fund may invest, such as securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government, are not insured or guaranteed by the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer.

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How we manage the Funds

When the Manager believes that a temporary defensive position is desirable, due to present or anticipated market or economic conditions, it may shorten the average maturity of the Fund’s investments and/or hold cash. However, by taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund

The Fund seeks to achieve its objective to provide current income consistent with preservation of capital by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in corporate bonds (also referred to as corporate “debt securities” or “fixed-income securities”) (80% policy). For this purpose, “corporate bonds” includes any debt security issued by a domestic or foreign company with an initial maturity greater than one year. The Fund invests primarily in investment-grade debt securities, and, to a lesser extent, in non-investment-grade debt securities and convertible securities. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other types of debt securities, including mortgage-backed securities, debt securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities (US government securities), other asset-backed securities, and to a lesser extent, debt securities issued by foreign governments or municipal issuers. The Manager may use various techniques to manage the duration of the Fund’s holdings. The Manager typically determines sector allocation by fundamental analysis and a comparison of relative value between sectors. The Fund may invest significantly in debt securities payable from the same sector. There is no guarantee, however, that the Fund will achieve its objective.

In selecting debt securities for the Fund, the Manager looks at a number of factors, including both a top-down (assessing the market environment) and a bottom-up (researching individual issuers) analysis. The top-down analysis looks at broad economic and financial trends in an effort to anticipate their impact on the fixed-income market and seeks to identify certain criteria that contribute to the overall target portfolio characteristics such as duration, spread, ratings and liquidity. The bottom-up analysis seeks to identify securities that the Manager believes have favorable risk/reward characteristics and targets those securities for overweight positioning. From the sector level, the Manager identifies companies that have positive attributes and considers the issuer’s past, present and estimated future: financial strength, cash flow, management, borrowing requirements, balance sheet policy and relative safety. Additional factors considered include leverage, interest coverage, revenue and margin stability, competition and industry trends, as well as relative value and liquidity.

The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in mortgage-backed securities, including US government or US government-related mortgage loan pools or private mortgage loan pools. In US government or US government-related mortgage loan pools, the US government or certain agencies guarantee to mortgage pool security holders the payment of principal and interest. The principal US government-related guarantors of mortgage-related securities are Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac generally guarantee payment of principal and interest on mortgage loan pool securities issued by certain preapproved institutions (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage bankers). However, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government, are not insured or guaranteed by the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. In addition, the Fund purchases securities issued by non-government related entities which may be backed only by the pool of assets pledged as security for the transaction.

The Fund may invest up to 20% of its total assets in non-investment-grade debt securities, commonly called “high-yield” or “junk” bonds, which are more susceptible to the risk of non-payment or default, and their prices may be more volatile than higher-rated bonds.

The Fund also may invest up to 40% of its total assets in foreign securities. An investment in foreign securities presents additional risks such as currency fluctuations and political or economic conditions affecting the foreign country. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets. In addition, the Fund may invest in secured and unsecured loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments.

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

The Fund may invest in Rule 144A Securities.

When the Manager believes that a temporary defensive position is desirable, due to present or anticipated market or economic conditions, it may invest up to all of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes. By taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited, Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG, and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The

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Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund

The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in bonds (for this purpose, “bonds” includes any debt security with an initial maturity greater than one year) (80% policy). The Fund invests in a variety of fixed-income securities, primarily, corporate debt securities which can include both investment grade and non-investment grade rated bonds, but also mortgage-backed securities, debt securities issued or guaranteed by the US government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities (US government securities) and other asset-backed securities. Certain of the mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, like other asset-backed securities in which the Fund may invest, may be backed only by the pool of assets pledged as security for the transaction.

Investment-grade bonds include bonds rated BBB- or higher by S&P, or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. By contrast, non-investment-grade debt securities, commonly called “high yield” or “junk” bonds, include bonds rated BB+ or lower by S&P, or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality.

“Crossover” debt generally refers to bonds rated at or near the point where the lower end of investment-grade debt and the higher end of high yield debt meet. Such bonds are on the verge of losing or regaining investment-grade status (i.e., they are on the verge of “crossing over,” falling to junk status or rising to investment-grade status). In addition, crossover bonds include those that have been rated below investment-grade since issuance but may be close to achieving investment-grade status (i.e., so-called “rising stars”), or those that at one time were considered to be investment-grade and now are categorized as “junk” bonds due to a reduction in the issuer’s credit rating (i.e., so-called “fallen angels”). Dependent on the current Fund composition and market conditions, the Manager expects that a majority of the crossover bonds will be rated either BBB or BB by S&P, or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality.

Crossover bonds often experience significant price volatility when they are transitioning between investment-grade and high yield ratings categories. This price volatility and dislocation often occurs due to forced selling (or buying) as bonds transition from one investor base to another. This transition process (buying/selling) introduces price inefficiencies in the crossover space of the credit market. The Manager believes that these inefficiencies often present an attractive risk-reward opportunity on certain of these crossover bonds.

Except as noted above, the Fund has no limitations regarding the maturity, duration or dollar-weighted average of its holdings, may invest in debt securities with varying maturities and can invest in debt securities issued by companies of any size, in a variety of sectors and industries. The Fund will primarily invest in debt securities issued by domestic companies, but also may invest up to 40% of its total assets in debt securities issued by foreign companies, including foreign securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets. The Fund typically will not invest more than 35% of its total assets in non-investment-grade securities.

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

While the Fund primarily owns debt securities, the Fund also may own, subject to its investment policies and restrictions, preferred stocks and convertible securities. In addition, the Fund may invest in secured and unsecured loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments. The Fund may invest in Rule 144A Securities.

In selecting debt securities for the Fund, the Manager looks at a number of factors, including both a top-down (assessing the market environment) and a bottom-up (researching individual issuers) analysis. The top-down analysis looks at broad economic and financial trends in an effort to anticipate their impact on the fixed-income market and seeks to identify certain criteria that contribute to the overall target portfolio characteristics such as duration, spread, ratings and liquidity. The bottom-up analysis seeks to identify securities that the Manager believes have favorable risk/reward characteristics and targets those securities for overweight positioning. From the sector level, the Manager identifies companies that have positive attributes and considers the issuer’s past, present and estimated future: financial strength, cash flow, management, borrowing requirements, balance sheet policy and relative safety. Additional factors considered include leverage, interest coverage, revenue and margin stability, competition and industry trends, as well as relative value and liquidity.

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How we manage the Funds

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses in buying securities, including a review of the risk and reward potential for a specific issuer. The Manager also may sell a security if, in the Manager’s opinion, the price of the security has risen to fully reflect the company’s improved creditworthiness. The Manager also may sell a security to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities, to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security or to raise cash.

When the Manager believes that a full or partial temporary defensive position is desirable, due to present or anticipated market or economic conditions and to attempt to reduce the price volatility of the Fund, the Manager may invest up to 100% of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes.

By taking a temporary defensive position in any one or more of these manners, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited, Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG, and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide total return through a combination of current income and capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in debt securities that are denominated in local currencies of emerging market countries, as well as derivative instruments that provide investment exposure to such debt securities (80% policy). The Fund may, but is not required to, hedge its exposure to those non-US currencies, which strategy, if utilized, may effectively reduce the Fund’s exposure to the local currencies of the emerging market countries in which the Fund invests. There is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its objective.

For purposes of this Fund, emerging market countries include, but are not limited to, those considered to be developing by the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the International Financial Corporation or one of the leading global investment banks. The Manager has broad discretion to identify other countries that they consider to qualify as emerging market countries. The majority of these emerging market countries are likely to be located in Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, Central and Eastern Europe, and Africa. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its net assets in emerging market countries. The Fund also may invest up to 20% of its net assets in securities denominated in the US Dollar.

The Fund is non-diversified, meaning that it may invest a significant portion of its total assets in a limited number of issuers.

The debt securities in which the Fund primarily invests include emerging market sovereign, quasi-sovereign, corporate and supranational agency and organization debt securities, but also include debt securities issued by central banks, as well as other fixed-income securities or instruments that provide investment exposure to emerging market debt. The Manager may use structured products such as credit-linked notes and bonds or other transferable securities whose returns may be related to the performance of a particular investment index. Credit-linked notes typically are structured as a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative or basket of derivatives instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and/or other securities, to provide exposure to emerging markets debt securities. The Manager may focus the Fund’s investments in particular countries and/or currencies.

The Fund generally invests in debt securities that are listed, or admitted to trading, on recognized, regulated, regularly functioning securities exchanges and markets that are open to the public, in securities that trade OTC, and in securities issued in direct principal transactions with counterparties that specialize in such securities. The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading.

The Fund may invest in debt securities of any maturity, may invest in unlisted debt securities and may invest up to 100% of its total assets in non-investment-grade debt securities or unrated securities determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. Non-investment-grade debt securities, commonly called junk bonds, may involve greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness. The emerging market debt securities in which the Fund invests may be rated or unrated. In addition, the countries in which the Fund invests may have sovereign ratings that are below investment-grade or are unrated. Debt securities in which the Fund may invest may have all types of interest rate payment and reset terms, including fixed-rate, adjustable rate, zero coupon, contingent, deferred, payment in kind and auction rate features.

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The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

The Fund expects to use a variety of derivative instruments for various purposes. The Fund’s investments in, and use of, derivatives may be significant. The Fund may, at any given time, use a combination of the following types of derivatives: primarily forward foreign currency contracts and interest rate swaps, but also including, but not limited to, options, futures contracts, forward contracts on financial instruments or on a security or an index of securities, options on futures contracts, OTC total return swaps and/or credit default swaps. The Fund may use derivatives in an attempt to hedge various instruments, to hedge an investment in one currency back to another currency, to enhance return, to invest in a position not otherwise available, to take a fundamental position long or short in a particular currency or to mitigate the impact of rising interest rates. In addition, the Fund may use derivatives as part of its risk management process by establishing or adjusting exposure to particular foreign securities, markets or currencies. With credit default swaps, the Fund may either sell or buy credit protection with respect to bonds, loans or other debt securities pursuant to the terms of these derivative contracts.

The Manager uses a multi-staged, systematic investment process in selecting emerging market investments for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio. The process combines a top-down (assessing the market environment) and bottom-up (researching individual issuers) analysis in an attempt to invest opportunistically in such instruments that the Manager believes can provide risk-adjusted outperformance. Part of the Manager’s top-down analysis includes assessing the global risk environment, taking into account a variety of factors, and examining country fundamentals to develop interest rate forecasts and currency forecasts by country. Interest rate factors the Manager will examine include a country’s monetary policy, inflation, growth, fiscal policy and politics. Currency factors examined include a country’s interest rate and growth differential, balance of payments and currency policy.

Following its top-down analysis, the Manager conducts a bottom-up analysis and selects investments for inclusion in the Fund’s portfolio based on the Manager’s perceived value of an individual investment relative to alternative investments, credit and currency opportunities, duration and yield curve positioning for the interest rate outlook, and an effort to achieve appropriate diversification. The Manager also considers an issuer’s capitalization, asset quality, management, earnings and liquidity.

When the Manager believes that a temporary defensive position is desirable, the Fund may invest up to all of its assets in cash or cash equivalents, and/or US Treasury obligations, such as bills, bonds and notes. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes. However, by taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited, Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG, and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in US government securities (80% policy). There is no guarantee, however, that the Fund will achieve its objective.

US government securities include: US Treasury (Treasury) obligations, such as bills, bonds and notes; obligations issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the Treasury, and certain US government agencies or instrumentalities, such as Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae); obligations of issuers that are supported by the ability of the issuer to borrow from the US Treasury; and obligations of US government-sponsored entities that are neither issued nor guaranteed by the US government, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae). The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and nonhedging purposes. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; interest rate swaps to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes; credit default swaps to hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return; and index swaps to enhance return or to effect diversification. The Fund will not use derivatives for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective. The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities issued by US government-sponsored entities or agencies or instrumentalities of US government agencies. The Fund has no limitations on the range of maturities of the debt securities in which it may invest.

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How we manage the Funds

The Manager may look at a number of factors in selecting securities for the Fund’s portfolio. These include utilizing economic research and analyzing interest rate trends to determine which types of securities to emphasize at a given time. The Manager attempts to enhance Fund performance by utilizing opportunities presented by the shape and slope of the yield curve.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses in buying securities of that type. For example, the Manager may sell a security if it believes the security no longer provides significant income potential or if the safety of the principal is weakened. As well, the Manager may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities or to raise cash.

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

When the Manager believes that a temporary defensive position is desirable, it may invest up to all of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes. By taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited, Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG, and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund

The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing primarily in a diversified portfolio of high-yield, lower-quality fixed-income securities of US and foreign issuers, the risks of which are, in the judgment of the Manager, consistent with the Fund’s objective. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in non-investment-grade debt securities, commonly called “high yield” or “junk” bonds (80% policy). Such bonds include debt securities rated BB+ or lower by S&P or comparably rated by another NRSRO, or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in non-investment-grade debt securities; however, the Fund’s allocation to high yield securities rated CCC or lower by S&P (or comparably rated by another NRSRO, or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality), is capped so that the Fund’s exposure to such securities will never be greater than 1.2 times the CCC or lower exposure of the Fund’s benchmark, the ICE BofA US High Yield Constrained Index.

The Fund also may invest up to 20% of its total assets in lower-quality debt securities that are considered investment-grade. Such securities include those rated BBB+, BBB or BBB- by S&P (or comparably rated by another NRSRO, or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality). The Fund may invest in fixed-income securities of any maturity and in companies of any size, but intends to invest primarily in intermediate and long-term corporate obligations. There is no guarantee, however, that the Fund will achieve its objective.

The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in foreign debt securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets.

In addition to junk bonds, the Fund may invest in other fixed-income securities, primarily convertible bonds, repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements, defaulted debt securities, preferred stocks and zero coupon and deferred interest bonds. To a lesser extent, the Fund may invest in US government securities, investment-grade bonds and pay-in-kind bonds. The Fund also may own common stocks and other equity securities or warrants generally incidental to the purchase or ownership of a fixed-income instrument or in connection with a reorganization of an issuer. The Fund also may purchase shares of other investment companies subject to the restrictions and limitations of the 1940 Act. The Fund may invest in Rule 144A Securities.

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

The Fund also may use a variety of derivative instruments for various purposes. The Fund may, at any given time, use forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps, relating to securities, currencies, or other instruments in an attempt to enhance return, to hedge broad of specific fixed-income market movements, to manage cash flows or to otherwise manage the risks of the Fund’s investments.

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The Manager analyzes economic and market conditions, seeking to identify the securities or market sectors that it believes are the best investments for the Fund.

The Manager invests primarily in fixed income securities that it believes will have a liberal and consistent yield and will tend to reduce the risk of market fluctuations.

Before selecting high yield corporate bonds, the Manager carefully evaluates each individual bond, including its income potential and the size of the bond issuance. The size of the issuance helps the Manager evaluate how easily it may be able to buy and sell the bond.

The Manager also does a thorough credit analysis of the issuer to determine whether that company has the financial ability to meet the bond's payments.

The Manager maintains a well-diversified portfolio of high yield bonds that represents many different sectors and industries. Through diversification the Manager can help to reduce the impact that any individual bond might have on the portfolio should the issuer have difficulty making payments.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager utilizes the same factors it considers for buying the security. The Manager also may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes to be more attractive opportunities, or to raise cash.

When the Manager believes that a full or partial temporary defensive position is desirable, due to present or anticipated market or economic conditions, it may invest up to 100% of the Fund’s assets in cash or cash equivalents. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes. It also may shorten the average maturity of the Fund’s debt holdings or emphasize investment-grade debt securities. However, by taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited, Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG, and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (together, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”). The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund seeks to achieve its objective to provide capital growth and appreciation by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in common stocks of small-capitalization companies (80% policy) located throughout the world. The Fund considers small-cap market capitalization companies to be companies with market capitalizations within the range of companies in the MSCI ACWI ex USA Small Cap Index at the time of purchase. As of December 31, 2021, this range of market capitalizations was between $15 million and $9.2 billion. This range is subject to change with market fluctuations. The Fund may continue to hold securities of a company even if its current market cap later exceeds the market cap range of the MSCI ACWI ex USA Small Cap Index.

The Fund seeks to be diversified geographically and by industry and, under normal circumstances, will invest primarily in companies located in developed markets outside the United States and Canada, although the Fund also may invest in companies located in emerging markets. The Fund also may invest in depositary receipts (e.g., American depositary receipts, European depositary receipts, and global depositary receipts) of foreign issuers. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in foreign securities, including securities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar.

The Fund may focus a portion of its investments in a particular sector or sectors of the economy. Many of the companies in which the Fund may invest have diverse operations, with products or services in foreign markets. Therefore, the Fund may have indirect exposure to various additional foreign markets through investments in these companies, even if the Fund is not invested directly in such markets. Using a bottom-up approach, the Manager will seek to select securities of companies that it believes are undergoing positive fundamental change, which may lead to better-than-expected earnings growth. The Manager believes that the magnitude and duration of growth driven by positive fundamental change is often underestimated and that the shares of companies experiencing such a change typically will continue to experience relative price strength and continue to outperform the broader market. The Manager may sell a security if it no longer believes that the security is likely to contribute to meeting the investment objective of the Fund or if there are other opportunities that appear more attractive.

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

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How we manage the Funds

In an effort to manage foreign currency exposure, the Fund may use forward foreign currency contracts to either increase or decrease exposure to a given currency. In addition, the Fund may invest in ETFs as a means of gaining exposure to a particular segment of the market and/or to invest cash effectively. The Fund may invest in certain real estate securities, including securities issued by REITs.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager uses the same type of analysis that it uses in buying securities. The Manager may sell a security if it significantly exceeds its price and valuation target, if the Manager has a high conviction that the security’s earnings will be substantially below expectations, if the Manager’s buy thesis is no longer valid due to company specific changes, or there is a significant change within the business or the macro landscape that impacts its investment thesis. The Manager also may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes are more attractive investment opportunities or to raise cash.

When the Manager believes that a temporary defensive position is desirable, the Fund may invest up to all of its assets in cash or cash equivalents. The “cash equivalents” in which the Fund may invest include: short-term obligations such as rated commercial paper and variable amount master demand notes; US dollar-denominated time and savings deposits (including certificates of deposit); bankers’ acceptances; obligations of the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; repurchase agreements (which investments also are subject to their own fees and expenses); and other similar short-term US dollar-denominated obligations which the Manager believes are of comparable high quality. Subject to the Fund’s investment policies and restrictions, the Fund may utilize derivative instruments, including, but not limited to, futures contracts, options, credit default swaps and other types of derivatives, for defensive purposes. However, by taking a temporary defensive position, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective.

The Manager may permit its affiliates, Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL) and Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited, to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager. The Manager may also seek quantitative support from MIMGL.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

The securities in which the Fund typically invests

Stocks offer investors the potential for capital appreciation. Certain stocks that the Fund invests in may pay dividends as well. Please see the Fund’s SAI for additional information about certain of the securities described below as well as other securities in which the Fund may invest.

Common or ordinary stocks

Common or ordinary stocks are securities that represent shares of ownership in a corporation. Stockholders may participate in a corporation’s profits through its distributions of dividends to stockholders, proportionate to the number of shares they own.

How the Fund uses them: The portfolio managers will generally invest the Fund’s assets in common or ordinary stocks, some of which may be dividend-paying stocks.

Foreign securities

Foreign securities are securities of issuers which are classified by index providers, or by the Manager applying internally consistent guidelines, as being assigned to countries outside the United States. Investments in foreign securities include investments in American depositary receipts (ADRs), European depositary receipts (EDRs), and global depositary receipts (GDRs). ADRs are receipts issued by a depositary (usually a US bank) and EDRs and GDRs are receipts issued by a depositary outside of the US (usually a non-US bank or trust company or a foreign branch of a US bank). Depositary receipts represent an ownership interest in an underlying security that is held by the depositary. Generally, the underlying security represented by an ADR is issued by a foreign issuer and the underlying security represented by an EDR or GDR may be issued by a foreign or US issuer. Sponsored depositary receipts are issued jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and the depositary, and unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by the depositary without the participation of the issuer of the underlying security. Generally, the holder of the depositary receipt is entitled to all payments of interest, dividends, or capital gains that are made on the underlying security. “N Shares” are shares of companies controlled by Mainland Chinese entities, companies or individuals. It must be incorporated outside the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the NASDAQ exchange, or the NYSE MKT with a majority of its revenue or assets derived from PRC. “China A shares” are shares of companies based in Mainland China that trade in Renminbi only on the Shanghai Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. “Bond Connect” allows foreign investors to invest in China Interbank bonds traded on the China Interbank Bond Market. Investing in Chinese securities presents various risks including relatively volatile local markets, a volatile currency, potentially lower liquidity and greater government intervention.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in foreign securities directly or indirectly through ADRs, EDRs, and GDRs. The Fund may also invest in China A shares. The Fund may also invest in China Interbank bonds through Bond Connect. Determinations to purchase depositary receipts will be based on relevant factor(s) in the portfolio managers’ sole discretion.

 

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Forward foreign currency contracts

A fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers and may hold foreign currency. In addition, a fund may enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date (a “forward foreign currency” contract or “forward” contract). A forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract, agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract.

How the Fund uses them: Although the Manager values the Fund’s assets daily in US dollars, it does not intend to convert the Fund’s holdings of foreign currencies into US dollars on a daily basis. The Fund is permitted to, however, from time to time, purchase or sell foreign currencies and/or engage in forward foreign currency contracts in order to facilitate or expedite settlement of portfolio transactions and to minimize currency fluctuations. A portfolio manager may conduct the Fund’s foreign currency transactions on a cash basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through a forward foreign currency contract. The Fund will convert currency on a spot basis from time to time, and investors should be aware of the costs of currency conversion.

A portfolio manager may also enter into forward contracts for the Fund if it has agreed to sell a security and wants to “lock in” the price of that security, in terms of US dollars or other currencies in which the transaction will be consummated. By entering into a forward contract for the purchase or sale, for a fixed amount of US dollars or foreign currency, of the amount of foreign currency involved in the underlying security transaction, the Fund may be able to protect itself against a possible loss resulting from an adverse change in currency exchange rates during the period between the date the security is purchased or sold and the date on which payment is made or received.

A portfolio manager will not enter into forward contracts or maintain a net exposure to such contracts where the consummation of the contracts would obligate the Fund to deliver an amount of foreign currency in excess of the value of the Fund’s securities or other assets denominated in that currency.

At the maturity of a forward contract, the Fund may either sell the portfolio security and make delivery of the foreign currency, or it may retain the security and terminate its contractual obligation to deliver the foreign currency by purchasing an “offsetting” contract with the same currency trader obligating it to purchase, on the same maturity date, the same amount of the foreign currency. The Fund may realize gains or losses from currency transactions.

Investors should be aware of the costs of currency conversion. The Fund will not use forward contracts for speculative purposes. If and when the Fund invests in forward foreign currency contracts or uses other investments to hedge against currency risks, the Fund will be subject to special risks, including counterparty risks.

Investment company securities

In some countries, investments by US mutual funds are generally made by purchasing shares of investment companies that in turn invest in the securities of such countries.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may hold investment company securities if a portfolio manager believes that the country offers good investment opportunities. Such investment companies may be open-end or closed-end investment companies, and exchange-traded funds. These investments involve an indirect payment by the Fund’s shareholders of a portion of the expenses of the other investment companies, including their advisory fees.

Restricted securities

Restricted securities are privately placed securities whose resale is restricted under US securities laws.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in privately placed securities, including those that are eligible for resale only among certain institutional buyers without registration, which are commonly known as “Rule 144A Securities.” Restricted securities that are determined to be illiquid may not exceed a Fund’s limit on investments in illiquid investments.

Illiquid investments

Illiquid investments are any investment that a fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments.

Repurchase agreements

A repurchase agreement is an agreement between a buyer of securities, such as a fund, and a seller of securities, in which the seller agrees to buy the securities back within a specified time at the same price the buyer paid for them, plus an amount equal to an agreed-upon interest rate. Repurchase agreements are often viewed as equivalent to cash.

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How the Fund uses them: Typically, the Fund uses repurchase agreements as a short-term investment for its cash positions or for temporary defensive purposes. In order to enter into these repurchase agreements, the Fund must have collateral of at least 102% of the repurchase price. The Fund will only enter into repurchase agreements in which the collateral is composed of US government securities. At a portfolio manager’s discretion, the Fund may invest overnight cash balances in short-term discount notes issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies, or instrumentalities or government-sponsored corporations.

Real estate investment trusts (REITs)

REITs are pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in income-producing real estate or real estate-related loans or interests. REITs are generally classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs, or a combination of equity and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs invest the majority of their assets directly in real property and derive income primarily from the collection of rents. Equity REITs can also realize capital gains by selling properties that have appreciated in value. Mortgage REITs invest the majority of their assets in real estate mortgages and derive income from the collection of interest payments.

How the Fund uses them: Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest in REITs.

Equity linked securities

Equity linked securities are privately issued derivatives securities that have a return component based on the performance of a single security, a basket of securities, or an index.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest up to 10% of their net assets in equity linked securities. Equity linked securities may be considered illiquid and are subject to the Fund’s limitation on illiquid investments. Fund management will evaluate whether a particular equity linked security is a foreign security based on all the facts and circumstances including, but not limited to, the jurisdiction of the counterparty issuing the equity linked security and the location of the exchange on which the equity linked security or the underlying security trades (if applicable). In some instances, investments in equity linked securities may also be subject to the Fund’s limitation on investments in investment companies.

Futures and options

Futures contracts are agreements for the purchase or sale of a security or a group of securities at a specified price, on a specified date. Unlike purchasing an option, a futures contract must be executed unless it is sold before the settlement date.

Options represent a right to buy or sell a swap agreement, a futures contract, or a security or a group of securities at an agreed-upon price at a future date. The purchaser of an option may or may not choose to go through with the transaction. The seller of an option, however, must go through with the transaction if the purchaser exercises the option.

Certain options and futures may be considered illiquid.

How the Fund uses them: If the Fund has stocks that have unrealized gains, a portfolio manager may want to protect those gains when it anticipates adverse conditions. A portfolio manager might use options or futures to seek to neutralize the effect of any anticipated price declines, without selling the security. A portfolio manager may also use options or futures to gain exposure to a particular market segment without purchasing individual securities in that segment, particularly if the Fund has excess cash in which a portfolio manager wants to invest quickly. The Fund may use call options if a portfolio manager believes that doing so would help the Fund to meet its investment objective. To the extent that the Fund sells or “writes” put and call options, or enters into futures contracts, the Fund will designate assets sufficient to “cover” these obligations and mark them to market daily. Use of these strategies can increase the operating costs of the Fund and can lead to loss of principal.

Other investment strategies

Initial public offerings (IPOs)

Under certain market conditions, a Fund may invest in companies at the times of their IPOs. Companies involved in IPOs generally have limited operating histories, and prospects for future profitability are uncertain. Prices of IPOs may also be unstable because of the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading, and limited investor information. IPOs may be sold within 12 months of purchase. This may result in increased short-term capital gains, which will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.

Lending securities

The Fund may lend up to 25% of its assets to qualified broker/dealers or institutional investors for their use in securities transactions. Borrowers of the Fund’s securities must provide collateral to the Fund and adjust the amount of collateral each day to reflect changes in the value of the loaned securities. These transactions, if any, may generate additional income for the Fund.

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

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The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by primarily investing its assets among a diversified portfolio of global equity and equity-income generating securities, including but not limited to infrastructure securities, natural resource securities, Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs) and global real estate securities which are primarily in equity and equity-related securities issued by Global Real Estate Companies. The Fund may also invest in high-yield, high-risk, fixed-income securities of US and foreign issuers, as well as investment grade debt and inflation-linked bonds.

The portfolio targets approximately 30% high yield, high income securities; 40% in global equity and income generating equity securities and approximately 10% in global real estate securities. Together, these allocations determine the 80% policy.

Under normal market conditions, the Fund will invest at least 30% of its net assets in foreign securities, including emerging markets issuers. The Fund may purchase both equity and fixed income securities. The Fund may invest in securities of companies or issuers of any size market capitalization.

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), the Fund's sub-advisor that is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the portfolio, uses an active allocation approach when selecting investments for the Fund. The Fund has flexibility in the relative weightings given to each of these categories. In addition, the Fund may, in the future, invest in additional investment categories other than those listed herein, to the extent consistent with the Fund's investment objective.

The high yield portion of the portfolio is a diversified portfolio of high-yield, high-risk, fixed-income securities, including secured and unsecured loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments (loans), of US and foreign issuers, the risks of which are, in the investment manager’s judgment, consistent with the Fund’s objectives. The investment manager invests the assets allocated to this sleeve primarily in lower-quality debt securities, which include debt securities rated BB+ or lower by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the investment manager to be of comparable quality. The investment manager may invest an unlimited amount of the assets allocated to this sleeve in junk bonds, as described above. The investment manager may invest assets allocated to the high income strategy in fixed-income securities of any maturity. The investment manager may invest up to 100% of the sleeve’s assets in foreign securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies.

The Fund may also invest in other fixed-income securities, including investment grade debt, which include debt securities rated BBB- or higher by S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. (S&P), or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the investment manager to be of comparable quality. The Fund may invest in Inflation-linked securities including US and Global TIPS securities (generally sovereign debt with inflation-linked coupon step-ups). The investment manager may invest in fixed-income securities of any maturity. The investment manager may invest in foreign securities that are denominated in US dollars or foreign currencies.

The Fund may use a wide range of derivative instruments, typically including forward foreign currency contracts, options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, and credit default swaps. The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and non-hedging purposes; as a substitute for purchasing or selling securities; and to manage the Fund's portfolio characteristics. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; forward foreign currency contracts to manage foreign currency exposure; and credit default swaps to hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return.

Within the global equity portion, under normal circumstances, the investment manager invests primarily in equity securities, including dividend-paying common stocks, from across the globe. Although this sleeve invests primarily in large capitalization companies (typically companies with market capitalizations of at least $10 billion at the time of acquisition), it may invest in companies of any size. This portion of the portfolio might also invest in infrastructure securities that derive at least 50% of their revenues or profits directly or indirectly from infrastructure assets, or commit at least 50% of its assets to activities related to infrastructure. Infrastructure securities can include MLPs. The equity portion of the portfolio can also invest in natural resources companies that (i) derives at least 50% of its revenues, profits or value, either directly or indirectly, from natural resources assets including, but not limited to: (a) timber and agriculture assets and securities; (b) commodities and commodity-linked assets and securities, including, but not limited to, precious metals, such as gold, silver and platinum, ferrous and nonferrous metals, such as iron, aluminum and copper, metals such as uranium and titanium, hydrocarbons such as coal, oil and natural gas, timberland, undeveloped real property and agricultural commodities; and (c) energy, including the exploration, production, processing and manufacturing of hydrocarbon-related and chemical-related products; or (ii) provides supporting services to such natural resources companies.

“Global Real Estate Companies” which are companies that meet one of the following criteria: companies qualifying for US Federal income tax purposes as real estate investment trusts (REITs);entities similar to REITs formed under the laws of a country other than the US; companies located in any country that, at the time of initial purchase by the sleeve, derive at least 50% of their revenues from the ownership, construction, financing, management or sale of commercial, industrial or residential real estate, or that have at least 50% of their assets invested in such real estate; or companies located in any country that are primarily engaged in businesses that sell or offer products or services that are closely related to the real estate industry. The equity and equity-related securities in which this sleeve invests include common stocks, rights or warrants to purchase common stocks, securities convertible into common stocks, and preferred stocks. The sleeve does not directly invest in real estate.

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How we manage the Funds

In addition, the investment manager may seek investment advice and recommendations relating to fixed income securities from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), and Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL). The investment manager may also permit MIMGL and Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited (MFMHKL) to execute Fund equity security trades on behalf of the investment manager. The investment manager may also permit MIMEL and MIMGL to exercise investment discretion and perform trading for fixed income securities in certain markets where the investment manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize MIMEL’s or MIMGL’s specialized market knowledge, and the investment manager may also seek quantitative support from MIMGL. MIMGL is also responsible for managing real estate investment trust securities and other equity asset classes to which the portfolio managers may allocate assets from time to time.

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund

The Manager analyzes economic and market conditions, seeking to identify the securities or market sectors that it thinks are the best investments for the Fund. Following are descriptions of how the portfolio managers pursue the Fund’s investment objectives.

To meet its investment objectives, the Fund invests in domestic (US) investment grade debt securities, high yield, and international fixed income securities, including those of issuers in emerging markets. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in US and foreign debt securities, including those in emerging markets. The Manager will determine how much of the Fund’s assets to allocate to each of the various sectors based on its evaluation of economic and market conditions and its assessment of the yields and potential for appreciation that can be achieved from investments in each of the sectors. The Manager will periodically reallocate the Fund’s assets, as deemed appropriate. The relative proportion of the Fund’s assets to be allocated among the sectors is described below. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in any one sector at any time.

US investment grade sector. In managing the Fund’s assets allocated to the US investment grade sector, the Manager will invest principally in debt obligations issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, and by US corporations. The corporate debt obligations in which the Fund may invest include bonds, notes, debentures, and commercial paper of US companies. The US government securities in which the Fund may invest include a variety of securities that are issued or guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the US government, and by various agencies or instrumentalities that have been established or sponsored by the US government. The assets in the Fund’s US investment grade sector may also be invested in mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or by government sponsored corporations. Other mortgage-backed securities in which the Fund may invest are issued by certain private, nongovernment entities. Subject to quality limitations, the Fund may also invest in securities that are backed by assets such as receivables on home equity and credit card loans, automobile, mobile home, recreational vehicle and other loans, wholesale dealer floor plans, and leases. Securities purchased by the Fund within this sector will be rated in one of the four highest rating categories or will be unrated securities that the Manager determines are of comparable quality. Please see the Statement of Additional Information (SAI) for additional ratings information.

 

High yield sector. The Fund may invest in high yield corporate debt obligations, including notes, which may be convertible or nonconvertible, commercial paper, units consisting of bonds with stock or warrants to buy stock attached, debentures, convertible debentures, zero coupon bonds, and pay-in-kind securities. The Fund may invest in both rated and unrated bonds. The rated bonds that the Fund may purchase in this sector will be rated lower than BBB- by S&P, Baa3 by Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s), or similarly rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO). Unrated bonds may be more speculative in nature than rated bonds.

 

International sector. The Fund may invest in fixed income securities of issuers organized or having a majority of their assets or deriving a majority of their operating income in foreign countries. These fixed income securities include foreign government securities, debt obligations of foreign companies, and securities issued by supranational entities. A supranational entity is an entity established or financially supported by the national governments of one or more countries to promote reconstruction or development. Examples of supranational entities include, among others, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (more commonly known as the World Bank), the European Central Bank, the European Investment Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. The Fund may invest in securities issued in any currency and may hold foreign currencies. Securities of issuers within a given country may be denominated in the currency of another country or in multinational currency units, such as the euro. The Fund may, from time to time, purchase or sell foreign currencies and/or engage in forward foreign currency contracts in order to facilitate or expedite settlement of Fund transactions and to minimize currency value fluctuations. Currency exposures carry a special risk for the Fund when it allocates a significant portion of its assets to non-USD denominated securities. The Fund may invest in both rated and unrated foreign securities, and may purchase securities of issuers in any foreign country, developed and developing. These investments may include direct obligations of issuers located in emerging markets countries.

 

In addition, the Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its Affiliated Sub-Advisors. The Manager may also permit these Affiliated Sub-Advisors to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor's specialized market knowledge.

The securities in which the Fund typically invests

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Fixed income securities offer the potential for greater income payments than stocks, and also may provide capital appreciation. Please see the Fund’s SAI for additional information about certain of the securities described below as well as other securities in which the Fund may invest.

High yield corporate bonds (junk bonds)

High yield corporate bonds are debt obligations issued by a corporation and rated below investment grade (lower than BBB- by S&P and lower than Baa3 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (Moody’s), or similarly rated by another NRSRO). High yield bonds, also known as “junk bonds,” are issued by corporations that have lower credit quality and may have difficulty repaying principal and interest.

How the Fund uses them: The Manager carefully evaluates an individual company’s financial situation, its management, the prospects for its industry and the technical factors related to its bond offering. The Manager’s goal is to identify those companies that it believes will be able to repay their debt obligations in spite of poor ratings. The Fund invests in unrated bonds if the Manager believes their credit quality is comparable to the rated bonds the Fund is permitted to invest in. Unrated bonds may be more speculative in nature than rated bonds.

US government securities

US government securities are direct US obligations that include bills, notes, and bonds, as well as other debt securities, issued by the US Treasury, and securities of US government agencies or instrumentalities. US Treasury securities are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the United States. Securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies and US government-sponsored instrumentalities may or may not be backed by the “full faith and credit” of the US. In the case of securities not backed by the “full faith and credit” of the US, investors in such securities look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in US government securities as part of its principal investment strategies and for temporary purposes.

Mortgage-backed securities (MBS)

MBS are fixed income securities that represent pools of mortgages, with investors receiving principal and interest payments as the underlying mortgage loans are paid back. Many are issued and guaranteed against default by the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities, such as Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, and Ginnie Mae. Others are issued by private financial institutions, with some fully collateralized by certificates issued or guaranteed by the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in MBS issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or by government-sponsored corporations. The Fund may also invest in mortgage-backed securities issued by certain private, nongovernment entities.

Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs) and real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs)

CMOs are privately issued mortgage-backed bonds whose underlying value is the mortgages that are collected into different pools according to their maturity. They are issued by US government agencies and private issuers. REMICs are privately issued mortgage-backed bonds whose underlying value is a fixed pool of mortgages secured by an interest in real property. Like CMOs, REMICs offer different pools according to the underlying mortgages’ maturities.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in CMOs and REMICs. Certain CMOs and REMICs may have variable or floating interest rates and others may be stripped. Stripped mortgage securities are generally considered illiquid and to such extent, together with any other illiquid investments, will not exceed the Fund’s limit on illiquid investments. In addition, subject to certain quality and collateral limitations, the Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in CMOs and REMICs issued by private entities which are not collateralized by securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, so called nonagency mortgage-backed securities.

Asset-backed securities (ABS)

ABS are bonds or notes backed by accounts receivable, including home equity, automobile, or credit loans.

How the Fund uses them: The fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest include ABS.

Corporate notes and bonds

Corporate notes and bonds are debt obligations issued by a corporation.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in investment grade corporate notes and bonds (rated BBB- or higher by S&P and above Baa3 or higher by Moody's or similarly rated by another NRSRO). The Fund may also invest in bonds rated lower than BBB- by S&P and Baa3 or lower by Moody’s or similarly rated by another NRSRO.

 

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Certificates of deposit and obligations of US and foreign banks

Certificates of deposit and obligations of both US and foreign banks are debt instruments issued by banks that pay interest.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit and obligations from banks that have assets of at least $1 billion.

Investments in foreign banks and overseas branches of US banks may be subject to less stringent regulations and different risks than US domestic banks.

Corporate commercial paper

Corporate commercial paper is a short-term debt obligation with maturities ranging from 2 to 270 days, issued by companies.

How the Fund uses it: The Fund may invest in commercial paper that is rated P-1 by Moody’s and/or A-1 by S&P.

Repurchase agreements

A repurchase agreement is an agreement between a buyer of securities, such as a fund, and a seller of securities, in which the seller agrees to buy the securities back within a specified time at the same price the buyer paid for them, plus an amount equal to an agreed-upon interest rate. Repurchase agreements are often viewed as equivalent to cash.

How the Fund uses them: Typically, the Fund uses repurchase agreements as short-term investments for its cash position. In order to enter into these repurchase agreements, the Fund must have collateral of at least 102% of the repurchase price. The Fund will only enter into repurchase agreements in which the collateral is composed of US government securities. At the Manager’s discretion, the Fund may invest overnight cash balances in short-term discount notes issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or government-sponsored corporations.

Futures and options

Futures contracts are agreements for the purchase or sale of a security or a group of securities at a specified price, on a specified date. Unlike purchasing an option, a futures contract must be executed unless it is sold before the settlement date.

Options represent a right to buy or sell a swap agreement, a futures contract, or a security or a group of securities at an agreed-upon price at a future date. The purchaser of an option may or may not choose to go through with the transaction. The seller of an option, however, must go through with the transaction if the purchaser exercises the option.

Certain options and futures may be considered illiquid.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in futures, options, and closing transactions related thereto. These activities will be entered into for hedging purposes and to facilitate the ability to quickly deploy into the market its cash, short-term debt securities, and other money market instruments at times when its assets are not fully invested. The Fund may only enter into these transactions for hedging purposes if they are consistent with its respective investment objective and policies. In addition, it may enter into futures contracts, purchase or sell options on futures contracts, and trade in options on foreign currencies, and may enter into closing transactions with respect to such activities to hedge or “cross hedge” the currency risks associated with its investments. Generally, futures contracts on foreign currencies operate similarly to futures contracts concerning securities, and options on foreign currencies operate similarly to options on securities. To the extent that the Fund sells or “writes” put and call options, or enters into futures contracts, it will designate assets sufficient to “cover” these obligations and mark them to market daily.

Use of these strategies can increase the operating costs of the Fund and can lead to loss of principal.

Restricted securities

Restricted securities are privately placed securities whose resale is restricted under US securities laws.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in privately placed securities, including those that are eligible for resale only among certain institutional buyers without registration, which are commonly known as “Rule 144A Securities.” Restricted securities that are determined to be illiquid may not exceed the Fund’s limit on investments in illiquid investments.

Foreign government securities

Foreign government securities are debts issued by a government or by an agency, instrumentality, or political subdivision of such government.

How the Fund uses them: The fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest include those issued by foreign governments.

 

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Interest rate swap, index swap, and credit default swap agreements

In an interest rate swap, a fund receives payments from another party based on a variable or floating interest rate, in return for making payments based on a fixed interest rate. An interest rate swap can also work in reverse with a fund receiving payments based on a fixed interest rate and making payments based on a variable or floating interest rate.

In an index swap, a fund receives gains or incurs losses based on the total return of a specified index, in exchange for making interest payments to another party. An index swap can also work in reverse with a fund receiving interest payments from another party in exchange for movements in the total return of a specified index.

In a credit default swap, a fund may transfer the financial risk of a credit event occurring (a bond default, bankruptcy, or restructuring, for example) on a particular security or basket of securities to another party by paying that party a periodic premium; likewise, a fund may assume the financial risk of a credit event occurring on a particular security or basket of securities in exchange for receiving premium payments from another party.

Interest rate swaps, index swaps, and credit default swaps may be considered illiquid.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may use interest rate swaps to adjust its sensitivity to interest rates or to hedge against changes in interest rates. Index swaps may be used to gain exposure to markets that the Fund invests in, such as the corporate bond market. The Fund may also use index swaps as a substitute for futures or options contracts if such contracts are not directly available to the Fund on favorable terms. The Fund may enter into credit default swaps in order to hedge against a credit event, to enhance total return, or to gain exposure to certain securities or markets.

At times when the Manager anticipates adverse conditions, the Manager may want to protect gains on securities without actually selling them. The Manager might use swaps to neutralize the effect of any price declines without selling a bond or bonds.

If the Fund has any financial obligation under a swap agreement, it will designate cash and liquid assets sufficient to cover the obligation and will value the designated assets daily as long as the obligation is outstanding. Use of these strategies can increase the operating costs of the Fund and can lead to loss of principal.

Short sales

Short sales are transactions in which a fund sells a security it does not own and, at the time the short sale is effected, the fund incurs an obligation to replace the security borrowed no matter what its price may be at the time the fund delivers it to the lender.

How the Fund uses them: The Manager may establish short positions in exchange traded funds in an attempt to isolate, manage, or reduce the risk of individual securities positions held by the Fund, of a decline in a particular market sector to which the Fund has significant exposure, or of the exposure to securities owned by the Fund in the aggregate. Such short sales may also be implemented in an attempt to manage the duration of the Fund’s holdings. There is no assurance that any such short sales will achieve their intended objective(s). The Manager will not engage in short sales for speculative purposes.

Illiquid investments

Illiquid investments are any investment that a fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments.

Zero coupon and payment-in-kind (PIK) bonds

Zero coupon bonds are debt obligations that do not entitle the holder to any periodic payments of interest prior to maturity or a specified date when the securities begin paying current interest, and therefore are issued and traded at a discount from their face amounts or par values. PIK bonds pay interest through the issuance to holders of additional securities.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may purchase fixed income securities, including zero coupon bonds and PIK bonds consistent with its investment objective.

Forward foreign currency contracts

A fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers and may hold foreign currency. In addition, a fund may enter into contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies at a future date (a “forward foreign currency” contract or “forward” contract). A forward contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract, agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract.

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How the Fund uses them: Although the Manager values the Fund’s assets daily in terms of US dollars, it does not intend to convert the Fund’s holdings of foreign currencies into US dollars on a daily basis. The Fund is permitted to, however, from time to time, purchase or sell foreign currencies and/or engage in forward foreign currency contracts in order to facilitate or expedite settlement of Fund transactions and to minimize currency value fluctuations.

Short-term debt investments

These instruments include: (1) time deposits, certificates of deposit, and banker’s acceptances issued by US banks; (2) time deposits and certificates of deposit issued by foreign banks; (3) commercial paper with the highest quality rating; (4) short-term debt obligations with the highest quality rating; (5) US government securities; and (6) repurchase agreements collateralized by those instruments.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in these instruments either as a means to achieve its investment objective or, more commonly, as temporary defensive investments or pending investments in the Fund’s principal investment securities. The Fund may invest in commercial paper that is rated P-1 by Moody’s and/or A-1 by S&P. The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit and obligations from banks that have assets of at least $1 billion. Time deposits maturing in more than seven calendar days will not be purchased by the Fund, and time deposits maturing from two Business Days through seven calendar days will not exceed 15% of the total assets of the Fund. When investing all or a significant portion of its assets in these instruments, it may not be able to achieve its investment objective.

Foreign securities

Foreign securities are securities of issuers which are classified by index providers, or by the Manager applying internally consistent guidelines, as being assigned to countries outside the United States. Investments in foreign securities include investments in American depositary receipts (ADRs), European depositary receipts (EDRs), and global depositary receipts (GDRs). ADRs are receipts issued by a depositary (usually a US bank) and EDRs and GDRs are receipts issued by a depositary outside of the US (usually a non-US bank or trust company or a foreign branch of a US bank). Depositary receipts represent an ownership interest in an underlying security that is held by the depositary. Generally, the underlying security represented by an ADR is issued by a foreign issuer and the underlying security represented by an EDR or GDR may be issued by a foreign or US issuer. Sponsored depositary receipts are issued jointly by the issuer of the underlying security and the depositary, and unsponsored depositary receipts are issued by the depositary without the participation of the issuer of the underlying security. Generally, the holder of the depositary receipt is entitled to all payments of interest, dividends, or capital gains that are made on the underlying security.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest in sponsored and unsponsored ADRs. The ADRs in which the Fund may invest will be those that are actively traded in the US.

In conjunction with its investments in foreign securities, the Fund may also invest in sponsored and unsponsored EDRs and GDRs.

Bank loans and other indebtedness

A bank loan represents an interest in a loan or other direct indebtedness, such as an assignment, that entitles the acquiror of such interest to payments of interest, principal, and/or other amounts due under the structure of the loan or other direct indebtedness. In addition to being structured as secured or unsecured loans, such investments could be structured as novations or assignments or represent trade or other claims owed by a company to a supplier.

How the Fund uses them: The Fund may invest without restriction in bank loans that meet the credit standards established by the Manager. The Manager performs its own independent credit analysis on each borrower and on the collateral securing each loan. The Manager considers the nature of the industry in which the borrower operates, the nature of the borrower’s assets, and the general quality and creditworthiness of the borrower. The Fund may invest in bank loans in order to enhance total return, to affect diversification, or to earn additional income. It will not use bank loans for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective.

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to provide total return through a combination of current income and capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus any borrowings for investment purposes, in bonds (80% policy).

Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 40% of its total assets in securities of non-US issuers. The Fund may invest up to 100% of its total assets in foreign securities and in securities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar, although the Fund will limit its foreign currency exposure (from non-US dollar-denominated securities or currencies) to 75% of its total assets, as described below.

The Fund has the flexibility to invest in any form of debt security, including, but not limited to, US government and foreign government securities, corporate bonds, convertible and non-convertible bonds, inflation-indexed bonds, asset- and mortgage-backed securities. The Fund also may invest in currencies. The

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Fund may invest directly in the debt securities listed above, as well as in derivative instruments that provide investment exposure to such debt securities. The Fund is unconstrained in its investment approach, meaning that it is not limited by the types of investments in a particular securities index, nor is it limited to any single type of investment strategy.

For the purposes of this section, a reference to the Manager may also include Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL), with respect to its role as sub-advisor of the Fund.

The Manager may consider analysis of environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors in evaluating investments for the Fund. This analysis considers various inputs, including metrics sourced from external parties and ESG research providers; commitments on ESG progress from issuers; specific bond formats (such as green or sustainability-linked bonds); issuer engagement; and other external and proprietary inputs to judge the issuer’s contribution to improvements in ESG practice. The Fund may favor securities of issuers that are judged by the Manager to meet high ESG standards, and may avoid investment in certain industry sectors, or in securities of issuers that are judged to not meet the Manager’s ESG requirements. The Manager relies on a proprietary ESG framework where issuers are assessed on their exposure to, and management of, environmental, social and governance risks. The Manager’s ESG framework relies on its quantitative and qualitative analysis of factors such as industry sector, issuer specific factors such as history and management, and data from multiple sources, including government reports, company filings and external data providers. This framework is subjective in nature and not intended to be an exhaustive list of all possible risks and are provided as an indication of the types of factors being utilized by the Manager.

As described in more detail below, the Fund expects to use derivatives for various purposes. The Fund may take long positions in derivatives (the values of which typically move in the same direction as the prices of the underlying investments) and short positions in derivatives (the values of which typically move in the opposite direction from the prices of the underlying investments).

The Fund may invest in debt securities of any credit rating and may invest up to 50% of its total assets in non-investment-grade debt securities, or high yield or junk bonds, which include bonds rated BB+ or below by S&P, or comparably rated by another NRSRO or, if unrated, determined by the Manager to be of comparable quality.

The Fund may invest in debt securities from any market or country or denominated in any currency, including issuers located in, and/or generating revenue from, both developed and emerging markets. The Fund will limit its foreign currency exposure (from non-US dollar-denominated securities or currencies) to 75% of its total assets. The Fund reserves the right to hedge its exposure to foreign currencies to reduce the risk of loss from fluctuations in currency exchange rates, but is under no obligation to do so under any circumstances.

The Fund may invest in bonds of any maturity or duration.

The Fund will use derivatives for both hedging and nonhedging purposes. For example, the Fund may invest in: futures and options to manage duration and for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, or to stay fully invested; forward foreign currency contracts to manage foreign currency exposure; interest rate swaps to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes; credit default swaps to hedge against a credit event, to gain exposure to certain securities or markets, or to enhance total return; and index swaps to enhance return or to effect diversification. The Fund will not use derivatives for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective.

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the Fund receives liquid collateral equal to at least 102% (105% for international securities) of the value of the loaned portfolio securities. This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.

The Fund may own, to a lesser extent, preferred stocks. The Fund also may invest in repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements.

Generally, in determining whether to sell a security, the Manager continues to analyze the factors considered in buying the security. The Manager may sell a security to reduce the Fund’s holding in that security, to take advantage of what it believes to be more attractive opportunities or to raise cash.

MIMGL, an affiliate of the Fund's investment manager, Delaware Management Company (Manager), serves as the Fund’s sub-advisor and manages the Fund’s assets. The Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from its affiliates: Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL) and Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK). The Manager may also permit MIMEL and MIMAK (together with MIMGL, the “Affiliated Sub-Advisors”) to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager. The Manager may also permit MIMEL and MIMAK to exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize an Affiliated Sub-Advisor’s specialized market knowledge.

The 80% policy is non-fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval, but the Fund will provide shareholders with at least 60 days' notice before changing this 80% policy.

Additional Investment Considerations

The objective(s) and investment policies of each Fund may be changed by the Board without a vote of the Fund’s shareholders, unless a policy or restriction is otherwise described as a fundamental policy in the SAI. Shareholders, however, will be given prior written notice, typically at least 60 days in advance, of any material change in a Fund’s objective(s).

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Because the Funds own different types of investments, their performance will be affected by a variety of factors. The value of a Fund’s investments and the income it generates will vary from day to day, generally reflecting changes in interest rates, market conditions, and other company and economic news. From time to time, based on market or economic conditions, a Fund may have significant positions in one or more sectors of the market and may be overweight or underweight sectors as compared to its benchmark index.

To the extent a Fund invests more heavily in particular sectors, its performance will be sensitive to developments that significantly affect those sectors. Alternatively, the lack of exposure to one or more sectors may adversely affect performance. Performance also will depend on the Manager’s skill or that of a Fund’s investment sub-advisor, as applicable (hereinafter referred to collectively as the Manager), in selecting investments. As with any mutual fund, you could lose money on your investment. There is no guarantee that a Fund will achieve its objective(s).

Each Fund also may invest in and use certain other types of securities and instruments in seeking to achieve its objective(s). For example, each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may invest in options, futures contracts and other derivative instruments if it is permitted to invest in the type of asset by which the return on, or value of, the derivative is measured. Certain types of each Fund's authorized investments and strategies, such as derivative instruments, foreign securities, junk bonds and commodities, including precious metals, involve special risks. Depending on how much a Fund invests or uses these strategies, these special risks may become significant and thus affect the performance of a Fund.

Certain types of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities may experience significant valuation uncertainties, greater volatility, and significantly less liquidity due to the sharp rise of foreclosures on home loans secured by subprime mortgages in recent years. Subprime mortgages have a higher credit risk than prime mortgages, as the credit criteria for obtaining a subprime mortgage is more flexible than that used with prime borrowers. To the extent that a Fund invests in securities that are backed by pools of mortgage loans, the risk to that Fund may be significant. Other asset-backed securities also may experience significant valuation uncertainties, increased volatility, and significantly reduced liquidity.

Each Fund may actively trade securities in seeking to achieve its objective(s). Factors that can lead to active trading include market volatility, a significant positive or negative development concerning a security, an attempt to maintain a Fund's market capitalization target of the securities in each such Fund's holdings and the need to sell a security to meet redemption activity. Actively trading securities may increase transaction costs (which may reduce performance) and increase net realized gains that a Fund must distribute for federal tax purposes, the distribution of which would increase your taxable income.

Each Fund generally seeks to be fully invested, except to the extent that it takes a temporary defensive position. In addition, at times, the Manager may invest a portion of a Fund's assets in cash or cash equivalents if the Manager is unable to identify and acquire a sufficient number of securities that meet its selection criteria for implementing the Fund’s investment objective(s), strategies and policies, or for other reasons.

Please see the Funds’ SAI for additional information about certain of the securities described below as well as other securities in which the Funds may invest.

Other investment strategies

Borrowing from banks

Each Fund may borrow money from banks as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes or to facilitate redemptions. A Fund will be required to pay interest to the lending banks on the amount borrowed. As a result, borrowing money could result in a Fund being unable to meet its investment objective. Each Fund will not borrow money in excess of one-third of the value of its total assets.

Purchasing securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis

Each Fund may buy or sell securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis (i.e., paying for securities before delivery or taking delivery at a later date). Each Fund will designate cash or securities in amounts sufficient to cover its obligations, and will value the designated assets daily.

Temporary defensive positions

In response to unfavorable market conditions, a Fund may make temporary investments in cash or cash equivalents or other high-quality, short-term instruments. These investments may not be consistent with a Fund’s investment objectives. To the extent that a Fund holds such instruments, it may be unable to achieve its investment objectives.

The risks of investing in the Funds

Investing in any mutual fund involves risk, including the risk that you may receive little or no return on your investment, and the risk that you may lose part or all of the money you invest. Before you invest in the Funds, you should carefully evaluate the risks. Because of the nature of the Funds, you should consider your investment to be a long-term investment that typically provides the best results when held for a number of years. The information below describes the principal and non-principal risks you assume when investing in the Funds. Please see the SAI for a further discussion of these risks and other risks not discussed here.

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Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Market risk

Markets can be volatile, and stock prices change daily, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. As a result, the Fund's holdings can decline in response to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market or economic developments or conditions that may cause a broad market decline. Different parts of the market, including different sectors and different types of securities, can react differently to these developments. Stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising prices and periods of falling prices. During a general downturn in the financial markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value. When markets perform well, there can be no assurance that specific investments held by the Fund will rise in value. Market risk may affect a single issuer or the market as a whole. At times, the Fund may hold a relatively high percentage of its assets in stocks of a particular market sector, which would subject the Fund to proportionately higher exposure to the risks of that sector.

Securities are subject to price movements due to changes in general economic conditions (which may not be specifically related to the particular issuer), such as the level of prevailing interest or currency rates, changes in the general outlook for revenues or corporate earnings, investor sentiment and perceptions of the market generally. The value of securities also may go up or down due to factors that affect an individual issuer or a particular industry or sector, such as changes in production costs and competitive conditions within the industry. Market prices of equity securities generally are more volatile than debt securities. This may cause a security to be worth less than the price originally paid for it, or less than it was worth at an earlier time.

Global economies and financial markets have become increasingly interconnected, meaning that conditions in one country or region may adversely affect issuers in another country or region, which in turn may adversely affect securities held by the Fund. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

In the years since the financial crisis that started in 2008, the US and many global economies at times have experienced volatility in the financial markets. Turbulence in the financial markets and reduced liquidity may negatively affect issuers, which could have an adverse effect on the Fund. In addition, there is a risk that recent policy changes by the US government and the Federal Reserve, which include increasing interest rates, could cause increased volatility in financial markets.

The value of assets or income from the Fund's investments may be adversely affected by inflation or changes in the market’s expectations regarding inflation. Furthermore, there is a risk that the prices of goods and services in the US and many foreign economies may decline over time, known as deflation (the opposite of inflation). Deflation may have an adverse effect on stock prices and creditworthiness and may make defaults on debt more likely. If a country’s economy slips into a deflationary pattern, it could last for a prolonged period and may be difficult to reverse.

The global outbreak of COVID-19 (commonly referred to as “coronavirus”) has disrupted economic markets and resulted in travel restrictions, closed international borders, enhanced health screenings at ports of entry and elsewhere, disruption of and delays in healthcare service preparation and delivery, prolonged quarantines, cancellations, supply chain disruptions, and lower consumer demand, as well as general concern and uncertainty. The impact of COVID-19, and other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future, could adversely affect the economies of many nations or the entire global economy, individual issuers and capital markets in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen. In addition, the impact of infectious illnesses in emerging market countries may be greater due to generally less established healthcare systems. Public health crises caused by the COVID-19 outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social and economic risks in certain countries or globally. The duration of the COVID-19 outbreak and its effects cannot be determined with certainty.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. A Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase a Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. A Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large

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quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause a Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by a Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if a Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken a Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price a Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case a Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

Call risk

Call risk is the risk that a bond issuer will prepay the bond during periods of low interest rates, forcing an investor to reinvest his or her money at interest rates that might be lower than rates on the called bond.

 

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Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

Alternative minimum tax risk

The Fund may invest in municipal bonds the interest on which (and, therefore, any part of Fund dividends attributable to such interest) is a Tax Preference Item. If a Fund shareholder’s AMT liability is increased as a result of such treatment, that would reduce the Fund’s after-tax return to the shareholder. (Under 2017 legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, corporations no longer are subject to the AMT for taxable years of the corporation beginning after December 31, 2017.)

Government and regulatory risk

The municipal securities market generally, or certain municipal securities in particular, may be significantly affected by adverse political, legislative or regulatory changes or litigation at the federal or state level. For example, political or legislative changes (as well as economic conditions) in a particular state or political subdivision of the state may affect the ability of the state or subdivision’s governmental entities to pay interest, to repay principal on their obligations or to issue new municipal obligations.

In addition, the value of municipal securities is affected by the value of tax-exempt income to investors. For example, a significant change in rates or a restructuring of the federal income tax (or serious consideration of such a change by the US government) may cause a decline in municipal securities prices, since lower income tax rates or tax restructuring could reduce the advantage of owning municipal securities. Lower state or municipal income tax rates may have a similar effect on the value of municipal securities issued by a governmental entity in that state or municipality.

Geographic concentration risk

An investment in the Fund may involve more risk than an investment in a fund that does not focus on securities of a single state. Because the Fund invests primarily in California municipal securities, events in California are likely to affect the Fund’s investments and its performance. These events may include economic or political policy changes, man-made or natural disasters, tax base erosion, state constitutional limits on tax increases, budget deficits and other financial difficulties, and changes in the credit ratings assigned to California’s municipal issuers. A negative change in any one of these or other areas could affect the ability of California municipal issuers to meet their obligations. In addition, any downgrade to the credit rating of the securities issued by the US government may result in a downgrade of securities issued by California. Specifically, provisions of the California Constitution and state statutes that limit the taxing and spending authority of California governmental entities may impair the ability of California issuers to pay principal and/or interest on their obligations.

Moreover, there are a number of risks specific to California that threaten the state’s fiscal condition, including the significant unfunded liabilities of California’s two main retirement systems. In recent years, California has committed to significant increases in annual payments to these systems to reduce the unfunded liabilities and also has significant unfunded liability with respect to other post-employment benefits. While California’s economy is broad, it does have major concentrations in high technology, trade, entertainment, manufacturing, government, tourism, construction and services, and may be sensitive to economic problems affecting those industries. Future California political and economic developments, constitutional amendments, legislative measures, executive orders, administrative regulations, litigation and voter initiatives could have an adverse effect on the debt obligations of California issuers.

Industry and sector risk

At times, a Fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector. Individual sectors may be more volatile, and may perform differently, than the broader market. Companies in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making a Fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than mutual funds that invest more broadly.

 

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IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

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When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the

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amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Fixed income risk

The prices of a Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, a Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to a Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Focus risk

At times, a Fund may invest primarily in municipal securities that finance similar types of projects, such as those in health care, life care, public power, education and transportation, among others, and in municipal securities of issuers located in the same geographical area. A change that affects one project, such as proposed legislation on the financing of the project, a shortage of the materials needed for the project or a declining need for the project, likely would affect all similar projects, thereby increasing market risk.

Municipal lease obligations risk

Municipal lease obligations differ from other municipal securities because the relevant legislative body must appropriate the money each year to make the lease payments. If the money is not appropriated, the lease may be cancelled without penalty and investors who own the lease obligations may not be paid.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

Puerto Rico municipal securities risk

Adverse market, political, economic or other conditions or developments within Puerto Rico may negatively affect the value of a Fund’s holdings in Puerto Rican municipal obligations. The Puerto Rican economy is reliant on manufacturing, services and tourism, and its economy and financial operations parallel the economic cycles of the United States. Current economic difficulties in the United States are likely to have an adverse impact on the overall economy of Puerto Rico. Moreover, like many other US states and municipalities, Puerto Rico experienced a significant downturn during the recent recession. Puerto Rico continues to face significant fiscal challenges, including persistent government deficits, underfunded public pension benefit obligations, underfunded government retirement systems, sizeable debt service obligations and a high unemployment rate. Many ratings organizations previously downgraded a number of securities issued in Puerto Rico or placed them on “negative watch”. If the economic situation in Puerto Rico persists or worsens, the volatility, credit quality and performance of the Fund could be adversely affected.

 

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Redemption risk

A Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt a Fund's performance.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If a Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to a Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

Taxability risk

In purchasing municipal securities, the Fund and the Manager rely on the opinion of an issuer’s bond counsel that the interest paid on the issuer’s securities will not be subject to federal and/or California income tax. A tax opinion generally is provided at the time a municipal security is initially issued. However, after the Fund buys a security backed by such an opinion, distributions by the Fund may become taxable to shareholders due to noncompliant conduct by a bond issuer, unfavorable changes in federal or state tax laws, or adverse interpretations of tax laws by the IRS or other authorities or because of other factors. Such adverse interpretations or actions could cause interest from a security to become taxable, possibly retroactively, subjecting shareholders to increased tax liability. In addition, such adverse interpretations or actions could cause the value of a security, and therefore, the value of the Fund’s shares, to decline.

US State and territories municipal securities risk

Although the Fund expects to invest its assets predominately in obligations issued by the State of California, the Fund may invest in municipal instruments the principal and interest payments of which are paid by obligors located in a single state, other than California, as well as US territories and possessions such as the District of Columbia, the US Virgin Islands and Guam. As with California municipal securities, events in any US state or territory where the Fund is invested may affect the Fund’s investments and its performance. These events may include economic or political policy changes, tax base erosion, constitutional limits on tax increases, budget deficits and other financial difficulties, and changes in the credit ratings assigned to municipal issuers of such states or territories.

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Amortized cost risk

In the event that the Board of Trustees (Board) determines that the extent of the deviation between Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund’s amortized cost per share and its market-based NAV per share could result in material dilution or other unfair results to shareholders, the Board will cause the Fund to take such action as it deems appropriate to eliminate, or reduce to the extent practicable, such dilution or unfair results, including but not limited to, suspending redemption of Fund shares or liquidating the Fund.

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Fixed income risk

The prices of a Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, a Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to a Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect

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international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. A Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase a Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. During periods of low short-term interest rates, Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund may not be able to maintain a positive yield or may not be able to pay Fund expenses out of current income without impairing such Fund’s ability to maintain a stable NAV. A Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause a Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by a Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if a Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

Government and regulatory risk

The municipal securities market generally, or certain municipal securities in particular, may be significantly affected by adverse political, legislative or regulatory changes or litigation at the federal or state level. For example, political or legislative changes (as well as economic conditions) in a particular state or political subdivision of the state may affect the ability of the state or subdivision’s governmental entities to pay interest, to repay principal on their obligations or to issue new municipal obligations.

In addition, the value of municipal securities is affected by the value of tax-exempt income to investors. For example, a significant change in rates or a restructuring of the federal income tax (or serious consideration of such a change by the US government) may cause a decline in municipal securities prices, since lower income tax rates or tax restructuring could reduce the advantage of owning municipal securities. Lower state or municipal income tax rates may have a similar effect on the value of municipal securities issued by a governmental entity in that state or municipality.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

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A Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Foreign risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect a Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of a Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause a Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the

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securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that a Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that a Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, a Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent a Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on a Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which

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may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

Redemption risk

A Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt a Fund's performance.

Reinvestment risk

Income from a Fund's debt securities may decline if the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded, prepaid or called securities in securities with interest rates lower than the current earnings rate of the Fund's portfolio. For example, debt securities with high relative interest rates may be paid by the issuer prior to maturity, particularly during periods of falling interest rates. During periods of falling interest rates, there is the possibility that an issuer will call its securities if they can be refinanced by issuing new securities with a lower interest rate (commonly referred to as optional call risk). Moreover, falling interest rates could cause prepayments of mortgage loans to occur more quickly than expected. This may occur because, as interest rates fall, more property owners refinance the mortgages underlying mortgage-backed securities (including shares of mortgage REITs). As a result, a Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds in other securities with generally lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund's investment income.

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Financials sector risk

Investment risks associated with investing in securities in the financials sector, in addition to other risks, include extensive governmental regulation and/or nationalization that affects the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain; adverse effects from increases in interest rates; effects on profitability by loan losses, which usually increase in economic downturns; the severe competition to which banks, insurance, and financial services companies may be subject; and increased interindustry consolidation and competition in the financials sector. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, recent or future regulation on any individual financial company or recent or future regulation on the financials economic sector as a whole cannot be predicted.

 

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Fixed income risk

The prices of a Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, a Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to a Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Foreign risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect a Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of a Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause a Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that a Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that a Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, a Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent a Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

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Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on a Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. A Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase a Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. A Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause a Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

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In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by a Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if a Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken a Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price a Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case a Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

Industry and sector risk

At times, a Fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector. Individual sectors may be more volatile, and may perform differently, than the broader market. Companies in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making a Fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than mutual funds that invest more broadly.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

A Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

 

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IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Convertible security risk

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security also is subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock. Convertible securities issued by smaller capitalized companies may be more volatile.

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which

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includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund

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to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Foreign government/supranational risk

Investing in foreign government obligations and the sovereign debt of emerging market countries creates exposure to the direct or indirect consequences of political, social or economic changes in the countries that issue the securities or in which the issuers are located. Such investments are subject to the risk that a government entity may delay payment, restructure its debt, or refuse to pay interest or repay principal. Factors which may influence the ability or willingness of a foreign government or country to service debt include a country’s cash flow situation, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of its debt service burden to the economy as a whole and its government’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other international agencies, the obligor’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credits and investments, fluctuations in interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. There may be no legal or bankruptcy process for collecting sovereign debt.

Bank loans and other direct indebtedness risk

In addition to the risks typically associated with fixed-income securities, loans (including loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments) carry other risks, including the risk of insolvency of the lending bank or other intermediary. The risks associated with loans are similar to the risks of low-rated debt securities or “junk” bonds since loans typically are below investment-grade. Loans may be unsecured or not fully collateralized, may be subject to restrictions on resale, may be difficult to value, sometimes trade infrequently on the secondary market and generally are subject to extended settlement periods. Any of these factors may impair a Fund's ability to sell or realize promptly the full value of its loans in the event of a need to liquidate such loans. Difficulty in selling a loan can result in a loss. Accordingly, loans that have been sold may not be immediately available to meet redemptions. Extended trade settlement periods may result in cash not being immediately available to a Fund. As a result, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions to raise cash to meet its obligations. Interests in secured loans have the benefit of collateral and, typically, of restrictive covenants limiting the ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets. There is a risk that the value of the collateral securing the loan may decline after a Fund invests and that the collateral may not be sufficient to cover the amount owed to the Fund. In the event the borrower defaults, a Fund's access to the collateral may be limited or delayed by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. These risks could cause the Fund to lose income or principal on a particular investment, which could affect the Fund's returns. In addition, loans also are subject to the risk that a court could subordinate the loan to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of the loan. Further, in the event of a default, second or lower lien secured loans will generally be paid only if the value of the collateral exceeds the amount of the borrower’s obligations to the senior secured lenders, and the remaining collateral may not be sufficient to cover the full amount owed on the loan in which a Fund has an interest. If the loan is unsecured, there is no specific collateral on which a Fund can foreclose. In addition, if a secured loan is foreclosed, a Fund may bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral, including the risk that collateral may be difficult to sell. The restructuring of a loan, either in a negotiated work-out or in the context of bankruptcy, could involve an exchange of such loan for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered.

Loans made to finance highly leveraged corporate acquisitions may be especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Certain loans may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as a Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the strong anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. With loan assignments, as an assignee, a Fund normally will succeed to all rights and obligations of its assignor with respect to the portion of the loan that is being assigned. However, the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of a loan assignment may differ from, and be more

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limited than, those held by the original lenders or the assignor. With loan participations, a Fund may not be able to control the exercise of any remedies that the lender would have under the loan and likely would not have any rights against the borrower directly, so that delays and expense may be greater than those that would be involved if a Fund could enforce its rights directly against the borrower.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk and extension risk. When interest rates decline, unscheduled prepayments can be expected to accelerate, shortening the average lives of such securities, and a Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of the prepayments at the lower interest rates then available. Unscheduled prepayments also would limit the potential for capital appreciation on mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and may make them less effective than other fixed-income securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates, thereby reducing a Fund's income. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the values of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities generally fall. Rising interest rates typically result in decreased prepayments and longer average lives of such securities. This could cause the value of such securities to be more volatile or to decline more than other fixed-income securities, and may magnify the effect of the rate increase on the price of such securities. If a Fund purchases mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same pool, the Fund, as a holder of those securities, may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. For example, an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to a Fund as a holder of such subordinated securities, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless; the risk of such defaults generally is higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.

Certain mortgage-backed securities are US government securities. See US Government Securities Risk for the risks of these types of securities. For non-US government securities, there is the risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government or supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the US government.

Non-agency securities risk

The risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government. These securities may include, but are not limited to, securities issued by non-government entities which can include instruments secured by obligations of prime, Alt A, and sub-prime residential mortgage borrowers. Non-agency securities also may include asset-backed securities (which represent interests in auto, consumer and/or credit card loans) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (which represent interests in commercial mortgage loans). Non-agency securities can present valuation and liquidity issues and be subject to precipitous downgrades (or even default) during time periods characterized by recessionary market pressures such as falling home prices, rising unemployment, bank failures and/or other negative market stresses. The risk of non-payment by the issuer of any non-agency security increases when markets are stressed.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

Government and regulatory risk

The municipal securities market generally, or certain municipal securities in particular, may be significantly affected by adverse political, legislative or regulatory changes or litigation at the federal or state level. For example, political or legislative changes (as well as economic conditions) in a particular state or political subdivision of the state may affect the ability of the state or subdivision’s governmental entities to pay interest, to repay principal on their obligations or to issue new municipal obligations.

In addition, the value of municipal securities is affected by the value of tax-exempt income to investors. For example, a significant change in rates or a restructuring of the federal income tax (or serious consideration of such a change by the US government) may cause a decline in municipal securities prices, since lower income tax rates or tax restructuring could reduce the advantage of owning municipal securities. Lower state or municipal income tax rates may have a similar effect on the value of municipal securities issued by a governmental entity in that state or municipality.

 

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Redemption risk

A Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt a Fund's performance.

Restricted securities risk

Restricted securities are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, and there can be no assurance of a ready market for resale. These securities include private placements or other unregistered securities, such as “Rule 144A securities”, which are securities that may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act). Privately placed securities, Rule 144A securities and other restricted securities may have the effect of increasing the level of Fund illiquidity to the extent a Fund finds it difficult to sell these securities when the Manager believes it is desirable to do so, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, and the prices realized could be less than those originally paid, or less than the fair market value. At times, the illiquidity of the market, as well as the lack of publicly available information regarding these securities also may make it difficult to determine the fair market value of such securities for purposes of computing the NAV of a Fund.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If a Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to a Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Financials sector risk

Investment risks associated with investing in securities in the financials sector, in addition to other risks, include extensive governmental regulation and/or nationalization that affects the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain; adverse effects from increases in interest rates; effects on profitability by loan losses, which usually increase in economic downturns; the severe competition to which banks, insurance, and financial services companies may be subject; and increased interindustry consolidation and competition in the financials sector. The impact of more stringent capital requirements, recent or future regulation on any individual financial company or recent or future regulation on the financials economic sector as a whole cannot be predicted.

Fixed income risk

The prices of a Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, a Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to a Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government

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fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Foreign risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect a Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of a Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause a Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that a Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that a Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, a Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent a Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

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The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on a Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Limited number of securities risk

If a Fund typically holds a small number of stocks, or if a Fund's portfolio manager(s) tends to invest a significant portion of a Fund's total assets in a limited number of stocks, the appreciation or depreciation of any one security held by the Fund may have a greater impact on the Fund's NAV than it would if the Fund invested in a larger number of securities or if the Fund's portfolio managers invested a greater portion of the Fund's total assets in a larger number of stocks. Although that strategy has the potential to generate attractive returns over time, it also may increase a Fund's volatility.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. A Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase a Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. A Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause a Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by a Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective”

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duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if a Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken a Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price a Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case a Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

Portfolio turnover risk

Frequent buying and selling of investments involve higher costs to a Fund and may affect the Fund's performance over time. High rates of portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains. The payment of taxes on distributions of these gains could adversely affect a shareholder’s after-tax return on its investment in a Fund. Any distributions attributable to such net gains will be taxed as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. Factors that can lead to short-term trading include market volatility, a significant positive or negative development concerning a security, an attempt to maintain a Fund's market capitalization target, and the need to sell a security to meet redemption activity.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

A Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

 

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IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Convertible security risk

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security also is subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock. Convertible securities issued by smaller capitalized companies may be more volatile.

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which

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includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund

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to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Bank loans and other direct indebtedness risk

In addition to the risks typically associated with fixed-income securities, loans (including loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments) carry other risks, including the risk of insolvency of the lending bank or other intermediary. The risks associated with loans are similar to the risks of low-rated debt securities or “junk” bonds since loans typically are below investment-grade. Loans may be unsecured or not fully collateralized, may be subject to restrictions on resale, may be difficult to value, sometimes trade infrequently on the secondary market and generally are subject to extended settlement periods. Any of these factors may impair a Fund's ability to sell or realize promptly the full value of its loans in the event of a need to liquidate such loans. Difficulty in selling a loan can result in a loss. Accordingly, loans that have been sold may not be immediately available to meet redemptions. Extended trade settlement periods may result in cash not being immediately available to a Fund. As a result, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions to raise cash to meet its obligations. Interests in secured loans have the benefit of collateral and, typically, of restrictive covenants limiting the ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets. There is a risk that the value of the collateral securing the loan may decline after a Fund invests and that the collateral may not be sufficient to cover the amount owed to the Fund. In the event the borrower defaults, a Fund's access to the collateral may be limited or delayed by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. These risks could cause the Fund to lose income or principal on a particular investment, which could affect the Fund's returns. In addition, loans also are subject to the risk that a court could subordinate the loan to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of the loan. Further, in the event of a default, second or lower lien secured loans will generally be paid only if the value of the collateral exceeds the amount of the borrower’s obligations to the senior secured lenders, and the remaining collateral may not be sufficient to cover the full amount owed on the loan in which a Fund has an interest. If the loan is unsecured, there is no specific collateral on which a Fund can foreclose. In addition, if a secured loan is foreclosed, a Fund may bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral, including the risk that collateral may be difficult to sell. The restructuring of a loan, either in a negotiated work-out or in the context of bankruptcy, could involve an exchange of such loan for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered.

Loans made to finance highly leveraged corporate acquisitions may be especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Certain loans may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as a Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the strong anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. With loan assignments, as an assignee, a Fund normally will succeed to all rights and obligations of its assignor with respect to the portion of the loan that is being assigned. However, the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of a loan assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the original lenders or the assignor. With loan participations, a Fund may not be able to control the exercise of any remedies that the lender would have under the loan and likely would not have any rights against the borrower directly, so that delays and expense may be greater than those that would be involved if a Fund could enforce its rights directly against the borrower.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk and extension risk. When interest rates decline, unscheduled prepayments can be expected to accelerate, shortening the average lives of such securities, and a Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of the prepayments at the lower interest rates then available. Unscheduled prepayments also would limit the potential for capital appreciation on mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and may make them less effective than other fixed-income securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates, thereby reducing a Fund's income. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the values of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities generally fall. Rising interest rates typically result in

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decreased prepayments and longer average lives of such securities. This could cause the value of such securities to be more volatile or to decline more than other fixed-income securities, and may magnify the effect of the rate increase on the price of such securities. If a Fund purchases mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same pool, the Fund, as a holder of those securities, may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. For example, an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to a Fund as a holder of such subordinated securities, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless; the risk of such defaults generally is higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.

Certain mortgage-backed securities are US government securities. See US Government Securities Risk for the risks of these types of securities. For non-US government securities, there is the risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government or supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the US government.

Non-agency securities risk

The risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government. These securities may include, but are not limited to, securities issued by non-government entities which can include instruments secured by obligations of prime, Alt A, and sub-prime residential mortgage borrowers. Non-agency securities also may include asset-backed securities (which represent interests in auto, consumer and/or credit card loans) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (which represent interests in commercial mortgage loans). Non-agency securities can present valuation and liquidity issues and be subject to precipitous downgrades (or even default) during time periods characterized by recessionary market pressures such as falling home prices, rising unemployment, bank failures and/or other negative market stresses. The risk of non-payment by the issuer of any non-agency security increases when markets are stressed.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Preferred stock risk

Preferred stock is a type of stock that pays a cumulative, fixed dividend that is senior to the dividends paid on the common stock of the issuer. Preferred stock may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stock is subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company’s preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. Preferred stock also is subject to credit risk with regard to the ability of the issuer to pay the dividend established upon issuance of the preferred stock.

Redemption risk

The Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt the Fund's performance.

Restricted securities risk

Restricted securities are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, and there can be no assurance of a ready market for resale. These securities include private placements or other unregistered securities, such as “Rule 144A securities”, which are securities that may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act). Privately placed securities, Rule 144A securities and other restricted securities may have the effect of increasing the level of Fund illiquidity to the extent the Fund finds it difficult to sell these securities when the Manager believes it is desirable to do so, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, and the prices realized could be less than those originally paid, or less than the fair market value. At times, the illiquidity of the market, as well as the lack of publicly available information regarding these securities also may make it difficult to determine the fair market value of such securities for purposes of computing the NAV of the Fund.

 

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Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Capital repatriation risk

Capital repatriation involves the transfer of corporate money or property from a foreign country back to its home country. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times from the date of such investments or even indefinitely. If the Manager is unable to repatriate capital from its investments, in whole or in part, this may have an adverse effect on the cash flows and/or performance of the Fund.

Credit-linked notes risk

Risks of credit-linked notes include those risks associated with the underlying reference obligation, including but not limited to market risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, default risk and foreign currency risk. The buyer of a credit-linked note assumes the risk of default by the issuer and the underlying reference asset or entity. If the underlying investment defaults, the payments and principal received by the Fund will be reduced or eliminated. Also, in the event the issuer defaults or there is a credit event that relates to the reference asset, the recovery rate generally is less than the Fund’s initial investment, and the Fund may lose money.

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

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The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

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The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Futures contracts risk. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a financial exchange to buy or sell a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on a specific date at a specified time in the future. Futures prices can diverge from the prices of their underlying instruments, even if the underlying instruments match the Fund’s investments well. Futures prices are affected by such factors as changes in volatility of the underlying instrument, the time remaining until expiration of the contract, and current and anticipated short-term interest rates, which may not affect security prices the same way. The Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts with a greater or lesser value than the securities it wishes to hedge or intends to purchase in order to attempt to compensate for differences in volatility between the contract and the securities, although this may not be successful in all cases. If the Fund was unable to liquidate a futures contract due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses. The Fund would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position.

Interest rate swap risk. Interest rate swaps are subject to interest rate risk and counterparty credit risk. An interest rate swap transaction could result in losses if the underlying interest rate does not perform as anticipated. Interest rate swaps also are subject to counterparty credit risk.

Interest rate swaps can be based on various measures of interest rates, including the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)), swap rates, treasury rates and other foreign interest rates. See IBOR risk for the risks of changes related to the use of IBORs.

A swap agreement can increase or decrease the volatility of the Fund's investments and its net asset value. The value of swaps, like many other derivatives, may move in unexpected ways and may result in losses for the Fund. As discussed above, swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities, and are, among other factors, subject to counterparty credit risk.

Because swaps may have a leverage component, adverse changes in the level of the reference rate can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Liquidity risk and interest rate risk can each contribute to significant and unanticipated losses to the Fund.

Options risk. An option is the right to buy or sell a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date or on multiple dates. Options can offer large amounts of leverage, which may result in the Fund’s NAV being more sensitive to changes in the value of the underlying instrument. The Fund may purchase or write (sell) both exchange-traded options that are traded on domestic or foreign exchanges and/or OTC options. When the Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counterparty from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon

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exercise of the option if the terms call for physical delivery. In the event that the Fund has purchased an OTC option, failure by the counterparty to do so could result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction. In an exchange-traded option, the exchange would step in and perform in the event of counterparty nonperformance. The Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-listed options depends on the existence of a liquid market, and there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. If the Fund was unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction or an economically offsetting purchase transaction from another counterparty for a covered call option written by the Fund could cause material losses to the Fund because the Fund would, if unable to substitute other collateral, be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.

Swaps risk. A swap is an agreement involving the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates based upon or calculated by reference to changes in specified prices or rates. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swap agreements may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Examples of swap agreements include, but are not limited to, equity, commodity, index or other total return swaps, foreign currency swaps, credit default swaps and interest rate swaps.

Duration risk

Duration risk is the risk that longer-duration debt securities are more likely to decline in price than shorter-duration debt securities in a rising interest rate environment. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a debt security or portfolio to interest rate changes.

Emerging markets risk

Investments in countries with emerging economies or securities markets may carry greater risk than investments in more developed countries. Political and economic structures in many such countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristics of more developed countries. In addition, the economies of developing or emerging market countries may be more dependent on relatively few industries or investors that may be highly vulnerable to local and global changes and trade conditions. Further, the value of the currency of a developing or emerging market country may fluctuate more than the currencies of countries with more mature markets, and there may be difficulty related to the quality, availability and timeliness of information. In addition, the taxation systems at the federal, regional and local levels in developing or emerging market countries may be less transparent and inconsistently enforced, and subject to sudden change. Developing or emerging market countries may have a higher degree of corruption and fraud than developed market countries, as well as counterparties and financial institutions with less financial sophistication, creditworthiness and/or resources. Certain of those countries may have failed in the past to recognize private property rights and have nationalized or expropriated the assets of private companies. As a result, the risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, may be heightened. Developing or emerging market countries may have less developed legal systems allowing for enforcement of private property rights and/or redress for injuries to private property, such as bankruptcy. The ability to bring and enforce actions in developing or emerging market countries, or to obtain information needed to pursue or enforce such actions, may be limited and shareholder claims may be difficult or impossible to pursue.

In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of the Fund's investments in those countries and the availability of additional investments in those countries. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in such countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in those countries may make the Fund's investments in such countries more volatile and less liquid than investments in more developed countries, and the Fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before making certain investments in those countries. Settlement procedures in developing or emerging markets may differ from those of more established securities markets, and settlement delays may result in the inability to invest assets or to dispose of portfolio securities in a timely manner. As a result, there could be subsequent declines in the value of the portfolio security, a decrease in the level of liquidity of the portfolio or, if there is a contract to sell the security, a possible liability to the purchaser. The economies of emerging market countries may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times or even indefinitely.

Issuers in developing or emerging market countries generally may be subject to less stringent regulatory, disclosure, financial reporting, accounting, auditing and recordkeeping standards than companies in more developed countries and, as a result, the nature and quality of such information may vary. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers located in certain countries, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such issuers. In addition, certain developing or emerging market countries have material limitations on Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) inspection, investigation and enforcement capabilities which hinder the ability to engage in independent oversight or inspection of accounting firms located in or operating in certain developing or emerging markets; therefore, there is no guarantee that the quality of financial reporting or the audits conducted by audit firms of developing or emerging market issuers meet PCAOB standards. In times of market stress, regulatory authorities of different emerging market countries may apply varying techniques and degrees of intervention, which can have an effect on prices and may require that the Fund fair value its holdings in those countries.

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Fixed income risk

The prices of the Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, the Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to the Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts risk

The Fund may use foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts to hedge certain market risks (such as interest rates, currency exchange rates and broad or specific market movement). These investment techniques involve a number of risks, including the possibility of default by the counterparty to the transaction and, to the extent the Manager’s judgment as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk of losses that are greater than if the investment technique had not been used. For example, there may be an imperfect correlation between the Fund's holdings of securities denominated in a particular currency and the forward contracts entered into by the Fund. An imperfect correlation of this type may prevent the Fund from achieving the intended hedge or expose the Fund to the risk of currency exchange loss. These investment techniques also tend to limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of the hedged position.

Currency risk

Foreign securities may be denominated in foreign currencies. The value of the Fund's investments, as measured in US dollars, may be unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations. Domestic issuers that hold substantial foreign assets may be similarly affected. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency could change significantly as foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the US dollar. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention, or failure to intervene, by US or foreign governments or central banks or by currency controls or political developments in the US or abroad. Devaluations of a currency by a government or banking authority also may have significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. Risks related to foreign currencies also include those related to economic or political developments, market inefficiencies or a higher risk that essential investment information may be incomplete, unavailable or inaccurate. A US dollar investment in an investment denominated in a foreign currency is subject to currency risk. Foreign currency losses could offset or exceed any potential gains, or add to losses, in the related investments. Currency markets also are generally not as regulated as securities markets. In addition, in order to transact in foreign investments, the Fund may exchange and hold foreign currencies. Regulatory fees or higher custody fees may be imposed on foreign currency holdings. The Fund may use derivatives to manage its foreign currency risk. Derivatives on non-US currencies involve a risk of loss if currency exchange rates move against the Fund, unless the derivative is a currency forward to hedge against the non-US currency movement.

Foreign government/supranational risk

Investing in foreign government obligations and the sovereign debt of emerging market countries creates exposure to the direct or indirect consequences of political, social or economic changes in the countries that issue the securities or in which the issuers are located. Such investments are subject to the risk that a government entity may delay payment, restructure its debt, or refuse to pay interest or repay principal. Factors which may influence the ability or willingness of a foreign government or country to service debt include a country’s cash flow situation, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of its debt service burden to the economy as a whole and its government’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other international agencies, the obligor’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credits and investments, fluctuations in interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. There may be no legal or bankruptcy process for collecting sovereign debt.

Foreign risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect the Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of the Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting,

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auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that the Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that the Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, the Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent the Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as

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well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on the Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. The Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase the Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. The Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause the Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by the Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if the Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

Interest rate swap risk

Interest rate swaps are subject to interest rate risk and counterparty credit risk. An interest rate swap transaction could result in losses if the underlying interest rate does not perform as anticipated. Interest rate swaps also are subject to counterparty credit risk.

Interest rate swaps can be based on various measures of interest rates, including the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)), swap rates, treasury rates and other foreign interest rates. See IBOR risk for the risks of changes related to the use of IBORs.

A swap agreement can increase or decrease the volatility of the Fund's investments and its net asset value. The value of swaps, like many other derivatives, may move in unexpected ways and may result in losses for the Fund. As discussed above, swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities, and are, among other factors, subject to counterparty credit risk.

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Because swaps may have a leverage component, adverse changes in the level of the reference rate can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Liquidity risk and interest rate risk can each contribute to significant and unanticipated losses to the Fund.

High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken the Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

Nondiversification risk

Certain Funds are “non-diversified” mutual funds and, as such, their investments are not required to meet certain diversification requirements under federal law. Compared with “diversified” funds, such Funds may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of an issuer. Thus, such Funds may hold fewer securities than other funds. A decline in the value of those investments would cause such Fund's overall value to decline to a greater degree than if the Fund held a more diversified portfolio.

Options risk

An option is the right to buy or sell a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date or on multiple dates. Options can offer large amounts of leverage, which may result in a Fund’s NAV being more sensitive to changes in the value of the underlying instrument. A Fund may purchase or write (sell) both exchange-traded options that are traded on domestic or foreign exchanges and/or OTC options. When the Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counterparty from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option if the terms call for physical delivery. In the event that a Fund has purchased an OTC option, failure by the counterparty to do so could result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction. In an exchange-traded option, the exchange would step in and perform in the event of counterparty nonperformance. The Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-listed options depends on the existence of a liquid market, and there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. If a Fund was unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction or an economically offsetting purchase transaction from another counterparty for a covered call option written by the Fund could cause material losses to the Fund because the Fund would, if unable to substitute other collateral, be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.

Portfolio turnover risk

Frequent buying and selling of investments involve higher costs to a Fund and may affect the Fund's performance over time. High rates of portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains. The payment of taxes on distributions of these gains could adversely affect a shareholder’s after-tax return on its investment in a Fund. Any distributions attributable to such net gains will be taxed as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. Factors that can lead to short-term trading include market volatility, a significant positive or negative development concerning a security, an attempt to maintain a Fund's market capitalization target, and the need to sell a security to meet redemption activity.

Geographic focus risk

Focusing on a particular geographical region or country involves increased currency, political, regulatory and other risks. To the extent a Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in a particular geographical region or country, economic, political, social and environmental conditions in that region or country will have a greater effect on Fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified equity fund and a Fund's performance may be more volatile than the performance of a more geographically diversified fund.

 

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Swaps risk

A swap is an agreement involving the exchange by a Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates based upon or calculated by reference to changes in specified prices or rates. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swap agreements may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Examples of swap agreements include, but are not limited to, equity, commodity, index or other total return swaps, foreign currency swaps, credit default swaps and interest rate swaps.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Redemption risk

The Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt the Fund's performance.

 

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How we manage the Funds

 

Reinvestment risk

Income from a Fund's debt securities may decline if the Fund invests the proceeds from matured, traded, prepaid or called securities in securities with interest rates lower than the current earnings rate of the Fund's portfolio. For example, debt securities with high relative interest rates may be paid by the issuer prior to maturity, particularly during periods of falling interest rates. During periods of falling interest rates, there is the possibility that an issuer will call its securities if they can be refinanced by issuing new securities with a lower interest rate (commonly referred to as optional call risk). Moreover, falling interest rates could cause prepayments of mortgage loans to occur more quickly than expected. This may occur because, as interest rates fall, more property owners refinance the mortgages underlying mortgage-backed securities (including shares of mortgage REITs). As a result, a Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds in other securities with generally lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in the Fund's investment income.

Russia investment risk

Certain Funds may invest a portion of their assets in securities issued by Russian issuers. In addition to the existing general risks that a Fund faces with respect to its investments in the Russian market (including political risk, emerging market risk, and currency risk), a Fund currently faces additional, heightened risks due to recent political unrest involving Russia and Ukraine.

The US and the EU have imposed economic sanctions on certain Russian persons and issuers. These sanctions, or even the threat of further sanctions, may result in the decline of the value and liquidity of Russian securities, a weakening of the ruble or other adverse consequences to the Russian economy. Such events and resulting sanctions, or even the threat of further sanctions, potentially pose significant risks to a Fund, as the value of its investments in Russian securities or companies with substantial exposure to the Russian economy may decline or become increasingly volatile; additionally, further potential international response may result in the immediate freeze of Russian securities, impairing the ability of a Fund to buy, sell, receive or deliver those securities. Continued retention of Russian securities mandated by law, or forced divestiture of such securities, could negatively affect the value of a Fund's assets and its investment performance. Sanctions also could result in Russia taking counter measures or retaliatory actions which may further impair the value and liquidity of Russian securities. As a result, a Fund's performance may be adversely affected.

Sanctions risk

From time-to-time, the US Government or other governments may place “sanctions” on a country. Such sanctions may include limitations on transactions in a country, such as the purchase or sale of products or services in that country. Sanctions also may include limitations on the movement of cash and securities to and from a sanctioned country, or may limit investments in a sanctioned country. When sanctions are placed on a country, the Fund may experience limitations on its investments in that country, including, the inability to dispose of securities in that country, the inability to settle security transactions in that country, and the inability to repatriate currency from that country. Investments in sanctioned countries may be volatile and the Fund and its pricing agent may have difficulty valuing such sanctioned country securities. Investments in sanctioned countries are subject to a number of risks, including, but not limited to, liquidity risk, foreign investment risk, and currency risk. The Fund could lose money investing in a country that is later sanctioned by the US Government or other governments.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If a Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to a Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

Small- and mid-market capitalization company risk

Securities of small-capitalization companies are subject to greater price volatility, lower trading volume and less liquidity due to, among other things, such companies’ small size, limited product lines, limited access to financing sources and limited management depth. In addition, the frequency and volume of trading of such securities may be less than is typical of larger companies, making them subject to wider price fluctuations, and such securities may be affected to a greater extent than other types of securities by the underperformance of a sector or during market downturns. In some cases, there could be difficulties in selling securities of small-capitalization companies at the desired time.

Securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies due to such companies’ limited product lines, limited markets and financial resources and dependence upon a relatively small management group. Securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more volatile and less liquid than the securities of larger companies and may be affected to a greater extent than other types of securities by the underperformance of a sector or during market downturns.

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Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Fixed income risk

The prices of a Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, a Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to a Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. A Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase a Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. A Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause a Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by a Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed

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securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if a Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk and extension risk. When interest rates decline, unscheduled prepayments can be expected to accelerate, shortening the average lives of such securities, and a Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of the prepayments at the lower interest rates then available. Unscheduled prepayments also would limit the potential for capital appreciation on mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and may make them less effective than other fixed-income securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates, thereby reducing a Fund's income. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the values of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities generally fall. Rising interest rates typically result in decreased prepayments and longer average lives of such securities. This could cause the value of such securities to be more volatile or to decline more than other fixed-income securities, and may magnify the effect of the rate increase on the price of such securities. If a Fund purchases mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same pool, the Fund, as a holder of those securities, may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. For example, an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to a Fund as a holder of such subordinated securities, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless; the risk of such defaults generally is higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.

Certain mortgage-backed securities are US government securities. See US Government Securities Risk for the risks of these types of securities. For non-US government securities, there is the risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government or supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the US government.

Security focus risk

The risk that a focus on a particular type of security will cause a fund to be more exposed to developments affecting such type of security than a more broadly diversified fund would be. A fund could experience greater volatility or may perform poorly during a downturn in experienced by a type of security because it is more susceptible to the economic, regulatory, political, legal, and other risks associated with such type of security than a fund that invests more broadly.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

A Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

 

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IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

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When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the

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amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Redemption risk

The Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt the Fund's performance.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of a Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If a Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Fixed income risk

The prices of the Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, the Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to the Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and

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adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Foreign risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect the Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of the Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that the Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that the Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, the Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent the Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries.

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Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on the Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. The Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase the Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. The Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause the Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by the Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed

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How we manage the Funds

securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if the Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken the Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies a Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by a Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause a Fund's shares to lose value or may cause a Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Convertible security risk

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other

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factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security also is subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock. Convertible securities issued by smaller capitalized companies may be more volatile.

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

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Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Emerging markets risk

Investments in countries with emerging economies or securities markets may carry greater risk than investments in more developed countries. Political and economic structures in many such countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristics of more developed countries. In addition, the economies of developing or emerging market countries may be more dependent on relatively few industries or investors that may be highly vulnerable to local and global changes and trade conditions. Further, the value of the

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currency of a developing or emerging market country may fluctuate more than the currencies of countries with more mature markets, and there may be difficulty related to the quality, availability and timeliness of information. In addition, the taxation systems at the federal, regional and local levels in developing or emerging market countries may be less transparent and inconsistently enforced, and subject to sudden change. Developing or emerging market countries may have a higher degree of corruption and fraud than developed market countries, as well as counterparties and financial institutions with less financial sophistication, creditworthiness and/or resources. Certain of those countries may have failed in the past to recognize private property rights and have nationalized or expropriated the assets of private companies. As a result, the risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, may be heightened. Developing or emerging market countries may have less developed legal systems allowing for enforcement of private property rights and/or redress for injuries to private property, such as bankruptcy. The ability to bring and enforce actions in developing or emerging market countries, or to obtain information needed to pursue or enforce such actions, may be limited and shareholder claims may be difficult or impossible to pursue.

In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of the Fund's investments in those countries and the availability of additional investments in those countries. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in such countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in those countries may make the Fund's investments in such countries more volatile and less liquid than investments in more developed countries, and the Fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before making certain investments in those countries. Settlement procedures in developing or emerging markets may differ from those of more established securities markets, and settlement delays may result in the inability to invest assets or to dispose of portfolio securities in a timely manner. As a result, there could be subsequent declines in the value of the portfolio security, a decrease in the level of liquidity of the portfolio or, if there is a contract to sell the security, a possible liability to the purchaser. The economies of emerging market countries may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times or even indefinitely.

Issuers in developing or emerging market countries generally may be subject to less stringent regulatory, disclosure, financial reporting, accounting, auditing and recordkeeping standards than companies in more developed countries and, as a result, the nature and quality of such information may vary. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers located in certain countries, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such issuers. In addition, certain developing or emerging market countries have material limitations on Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) inspection, investigation and enforcement capabilities which hinder the ability to engage in independent oversight or inspection of accounting firms located in or operating in certain developing or emerging markets; therefore, there is no guarantee that the quality of financial reporting or the audits conducted by audit firms of developing or emerging market issuers meet PCAOB standards. In times of market stress, regulatory authorities of different emerging market countries may apply varying techniques and degrees of intervention, which can have an effect on prices and may require that the Fund fair value its holdings in those countries.

Currency risk

Foreign securities may be denominated in foreign currencies. The value of the Fund's investments, as measured in US dollars, may be unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations. Domestic issuers that hold substantial foreign assets may be similarly affected. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency could change significantly as foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the US dollar. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention, or failure to intervene, by US or foreign governments or central banks or by currency controls or political developments in the US or abroad. Devaluations of a currency by a government or banking authority also may have significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. Risks related to foreign currencies also include those related to economic or political developments, market inefficiencies or a higher risk that essential investment information may be incomplete, unavailable or inaccurate. A US dollar investment in an investment denominated in a foreign currency is subject to currency risk. Foreign currency losses could offset or exceed any potential gains, or add to losses, in the related investments. Currency markets also are generally not as regulated as securities markets. In addition, in order to transact in foreign investments, the Fund may exchange and hold foreign currencies. Regulatory fees or higher custody fees may be imposed on foreign currency holdings. The Fund may use derivatives to manage its foreign currency risk. Derivatives on non-US currencies involve a risk of loss if currency exchange rates move against the Fund, unless the derivative is a currency forward to hedge against the non-US currency movement.

Investment company securities risk

The risks of investment in other investment companies typically reflect the risks of the types of securities in which the investment companies invest. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund would bear its pro rata share of that investment company’s expenses, which could result in the duplication of certain fees, including management and administrative fees. The Fund may invest in ETFs as a means of tracking the performance of a designated stock index while maintaining liquidity or to gain exposure to precious metals and other commodities without purchasing them directly. Since many ETFs are a type of investment company, the Fund's purchases of shares of such ETFs are subject to the Fund's investment restrictions regarding investments in other investment companies.

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How we manage the Funds

ETFs have a market price that reflects a specified fraction of the value of the designated index or underlying basket of commodities or commodities futures and are exchange-traded. As with other equity securities transactions, brokers charge a commission in connection with the purchase and sale of shares of ETFs. In addition, an asset management fee is charged in connection with the management of the ETF’s portfolio (which is in addition to the investment management fee paid by the Fund).

Investments in an ETF generally present the same primary risks as investments in conventional funds, which are not exchange-traded. The price of an ETF can fluctuate, and the Fund could lose money investing in an ETF. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional funds: (i) the market price of an ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV; (ii) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; or (iii) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange officials determine such action to be appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.

Enhanced or inverse return ETFs present greater opportunities for investment gains, but also present correspondingly greater risk of loss. Inverse or “short” ETFs seek to deliver performance that is opposite of the performance of a market benchmark (e.g., if the benchmark goes down by 1%, the ETF will go up by 1%), typically using a combination of derivative strategies. Inverse ETFs seek to profit from falling market prices and will lose money if the market benchmark index goes up in value. Leveraged ETFs seek to provide returns that are a multiple of a stated benchmark, typically using a combination of derivative strategies. Like other forms of leverage, leveraged ETFs increase risk exposure relative to the amount invested and can lead to significantly greater losses than a comparable unleveraged portfolio. These ETFs are complex, carry substantial risk, and generally are used to increase or decrease the Fund's exposure to the underlying index on a short-term basis. Most leveraged ETFs reset daily and seek to achieve their objectives on a daily basis and holding these ETFs for longer than one day may produce unexpected results. Due to compounding, performance over longer periods can differ significantly from the performance of the underlying index, particularly when the benchmark index experiences large ups and downs. Ownership of an ETF results in the Fund bearing its proportionate share of the ETF’s fees and expenses and proportionate exposure to the risks associated with the ETF’s underlying investments.

Government and regulatory risk

Governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance. Government involvement in the private sector may, in some cases, include government investment in, or ownership of, companies in certain commercial business sectors; wage and price controls; or imposition of trade barriers and other protectionist measures. For example, an economic or political crisis may lead to price controls, forced mergers of companies, expropriation, the creation of government monopolies, foreign exchange controls, the introduction of new currencies (and the redenomination of financial obligations into those currencies), or other measures that could be detrimental to the investments of a fund.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Portfolio turnover risk

Frequent buying and selling of investments involve higher costs to the Fund and may affect the Fund's performance over time. High rates of portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains. The payment of taxes on distributions of these gains could adversely affect a shareholder’s after-tax return on its investment in the Fund. Any distributions attributable to such net gains will be taxed as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. Factors that can lead to short-term trading include market volatility, a significant positive or negative development concerning a security, an attempt to maintain the Fund's market capitalization target, and the need to sell a security to meet redemption activity.

Preferred stock risk

Preferred stock is a type of stock that pays a cumulative, fixed dividend that is senior to the dividends paid on the common stock of the issuer. Preferred stock may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stock is subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company’s preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. Preferred stock also is subject to credit risk with regard to the ability of the issuer to pay the dividend established upon issuance of the preferred stock.

 

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Redemption risk

The Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt the Fund's performance.

Restricted securities risk

Restricted securities are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, and there can be no assurance of a ready market for resale. These securities include private placements or other unregistered securities, such as “Rule 144A securities”, which are securities that may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act). Privately placed securities, Rule 144A securities and other restricted securities may have the effect of increasing the level of Fund illiquidity to the extent a Fund finds it difficult to sell these securities when the Manager believes it is desirable to do so, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, and the prices realized could be less than those originally paid, or less than the fair market value. At times, the illiquidity of the market, as well as the lack of publicly available information regarding these securities also may make it difficult to determine the fair market value of such securities for purposes of computing the NAV of a Fund.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If a Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to a Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

A Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund

Market risk

Market risk is the risk that all or a majority of the securities in a certain market — such as the stock or bond market — will decline in value because of factors such as adverse political or economic conditions, future expectations, investor confidence, or heavy institutional selling.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers maintain a long-term investment approach and focus on securities that they believe can appreciate over an extended period of time regardless of interim market fluctuations. Generally, the portfolio managers do not try to predict overall stock market movements. Although the Fund may hold securities for any amount of time, the portfolio managers generally do not trade for short-term purposes.

Industry, sector, and security risks

Industry and sector risks are the risks that the value of securities in a particular industry or sector (such as consumer staples or information technology) will decline because of changing expectations for the performance of that industry or sector.

Security risk is the risk that the value of an individual stock or bond will decline because of changing expectations for the performance of the individual company issuing the stock or bond (due to situations that could range from decreased sales to events such as a pending merger or actual or threatened bankruptcy).

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund typically holds a number of different securities in a variety of sectors in order to minimize the impact that a poorly performing security would have on the Fund.

 

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Foreign risk

Foreign risk is the risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets and frontier countries) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic or government conditions, the imposition of economic and/or trade sanctions, inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards, and the possibility that significant events in foreign markets, including broad market moves, may affect the value of fund shares.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers attempt to reduce the risks presented by such investments by conducting world-wide fundamental research, including country visits. In addition, the portfolio managers monitor current economic and market conditions and trends, the political and regulatory environment, and the value of currencies in different countries in an effort to identify the most attractive countries and securities. In addition, the Fund may frequently value many foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third-party vendor modeling tools, to the extent available, to account for significant market events that may occur after the close of a foreign market but before the Fund’s shares are priced.

Emerging markets risk

Emerging markets risk is the possibility that the risks associated with international investing will be greater in emerging markets than in more developed foreign markets because, among other things, emerging markets may have less stable political and economic environments. In addition, in many emerging markets there is substantially less publicly available information about issuers and the information that is available tends to be of a lesser quality. Economic markets and structures tend to be less mature and diverse and the securities markets, which are subject to less government regulation or supervision, may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund may invest in emerging markets securities. To the extent that they invest in emerging markets, the portfolio managers carefully screen securities within emerging markets and attempt to consider material risks associated with an individual company or bond issuer in order to strive to manage this risk for the Fund. However, there is no way to eliminate emerging markets risk when investing internationally in emerging markets.

Asia-Pacific region risk

Investments in companies located or operating in the Asia-Pacific region (which consists of Hong Kong, the People’s Republic of China, Republic of Korea, and Taiwan, among other countries) may involve risks and considerations not typically associated with investments in the US and other Western nations. These risks include, among others: the inability of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) to inspect audit work and practices of PCAOB-registered public accounting firms in China; the use of variable interest equity (“VIE”) organizational structures; political, legal and regulatory uncertainty; differing shareholder rights based on company structure and/or location of operations; or the institution of additional tariffs, prohibitions or other trade barriers (or the threat thereof) as a result of trade tensions between China and the United States.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers evaluate the political situations in the Asia-Pacific region and take into account any potential risks before they select securities for the Fund. However, there is no way to eliminate risk when investing in China-based issuers or in the Asia-Pacific region.

Political risk

Political risk is the risk that countries or an entire region may experience political instability. This may cause greater fluctuation in the value and liquidity of investments due to changes in currency exchange rates, governmental seizures, or nationalization of assets.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers evaluate the political situations in the countries where the Fund invests and take into account any potential risks before they select securities for the Fund. However, there is no way to eliminate political risk when investing internationally. In emerging markets, political risk is typically more likely to affect the economy and share prices than in developed markets.

Geographic focus risk

Geographic focus risk is the risk that local political and economic conditions could adversely affect the performance of a fund investing a substantial amount of assets in securities of issuers located in a single country or a limited number of countries.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers will attempt to reduce this risk by diversifying portfolios by country and sector.

Currency risk

Currency risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Adverse changes in exchange rates may reduce or eliminate any gains produced by investments that are denominated in foreign currencies and may increase any losses.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers may try to hedge the Fund’s currency risk by purchasing forward foreign currency contracts. If the Fund agrees to purchase or sell foreign securities at a preset price on a future date, a portfolio manager may attempt to protect the value of a security the

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Fund owns from future changes in currency exchange rates. If the Fund has agreed to purchase or sell a security, the Fund may also use forward foreign currency contracts to “lock in” the security’s price in terms of US dollars or another applicable currency. The Fund may use forward foreign currency contracts only for defensive or protective measures, not to enhance portfolio returns. However, there is no assurance that such a strategy will be successful. Hedging is typically less practical in emerging markets.

Information risk

Information risk is the risk that foreign companies may be subject to different accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards than US companies. There may be less information available about foreign issuers than domestic issuers. Furthermore, regulatory oversight of foreign issuers may be less stringent or less consistently applied than in the United States.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers conduct fundamental research on the companies that the Fund invests in rather than relying solely on information available through financial reporting.

Inefficient market risk

Inefficient market risk is the risk that foreign markets may be less liquid and have greater price volatility, less regulation, and higher transaction costs than US markets.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers will attempt to reduce this risk by investing in a number of different countries, noting trends in the economy, industries, and financial markets.

Company size risk

Company size risk is the risk that investments in small- and/or medium-sized companies typically exhibit higher volatility than investments in larger, more established companies. Company size risk also comes from lower liquidity typically associated with small company stocks, which means the price may be affected by poorly executed trades, even if the underlying business of the company is unchanged.

How the Fund strives to manage it: To the extent a Fund invests in small companies, the portfolio managers attempt to reduce this risk by investing in a variety of different issuers.

This is a significant risk for the Fund.

Transaction cost risk

Transaction costs risk is the risk that the costs of buying, selling, and holding foreign securities, including brokerage, tax, and custody costs, may be higher than those involved in domestic transactions.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers strive to monitor transaction costs and to choose an efficient trading strategy for the Fund.

Real estate industry risk

Real estate industry risk includes, among others: possible declines in the value of real estate; risks related to general and local economic conditions; possible lack of availability of mortgage funds; overbuilding; extended vacancies of properties; increases in competition, property taxes, and operating expenses; changes in zoning laws; costs resulting from the cleanup of, and liability to third parties resulting from, environmental problems; casualty for condemnation losses; uninsured damages from floods, earthquakes, or other natural disasters; limitations on and variations in rents; and changes in interest rates. REITs are subject to substantial cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation, and the risk of failing to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Internal Revenue Code), or other similar statutes in non-US countries and/or to maintain exemptions from the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund selects REITs based on the quality of their management and their ability to generate substantial cash flow, which the Fund believes can help to shield it from some of the risks involved with real estate investing.

Derivatives risk

Derivatives risk is the possibility that a fund may experience a significant loss if it employs a derivatives strategy (including a strategy involving equity-linked securities, futures, options, forward foreign currency contracts, or swaps such as interest rate swaps, index swaps, or credit default swaps) related to a security, index, reference rate, or other asset or market factor (collectively, a “reference instrument”) and that reference instrument moves in the opposite direction from what a portfolio manager had anticipated. If a market or markets, or prices of particular classes of investments, move in an unexpected manner, a fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the transaction and it may realize losses. Derivatives also involve additional expenses, which could reduce any benefit or increase any loss to a fund from using the strategy. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character,

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timing, and amount of a fund’s taxable income or gains. A fund’s transactions in derivatives may be subject to one or more special tax rules.  These rules may: (i) affect whether gains and losses recognized by a fund are treated as ordinary or capital or as short-term or long-term, (ii) accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the fund, (iii) defer losses to the fund, and (iv) cause adjustments in the holding periods of the fund’s securities. A fund’s use of derivatives may be limited by the requirements for taxation of the fund as a regulated investment company.

Investing in derivatives may subject a fund to counterparty risk. Please refer to “Counterparty risk” for more information. Other risks include illiquidity, mispricing or improper valuation of the derivatives contract, and imperfect correlation between the value of the derivatives instrument and the underlying reference instrument so that the fund may not realize the intended benefits. In addition, since there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any derivatives instrument purchased or sold, a fund may be required to hold a derivatives instrument to maturity and take or make delivery of an underlying reference instrument that a portfolio manager would have otherwise attempted to avoid, which could result in losses. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivatives instrument may also not correlate specifically with the currency, rate, or other risk being hedged, in which case a fund may not realize the intended benefits.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund will use derivatives for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses without actually selling a security, to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes, to effect diversification, or to earn additional income. To the Fund invests in equity linked securities, the Fund will be subject to derivatives risk. The portfolio managers also research and continually monitor the creditworthiness of current or potential counterparties.

The Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to the Fund under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA.

Counterparty risk

Counterparty risk is the risk that if a fund enters into a derivatives contract (such as a futures, options, or swap contract) or a repurchase agreement, the counterparty to such a contract or agreement may fail to perform its obligations under the contract or agreement due to, among other reasons, financial difficulties (such as a bankruptcy or reorganization). As a result, a fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery, may obtain only a limited recovery, or may obtain no recovery at all.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The portfolio managers try to minimize this risk by considering the creditworthiness of all counterparties before they enter into transactions with them. The Fund will hold collateral from counterparties consistent with applicable regulations.

Leveraging risk

Leveraging risk is the risk that certain fund transactions, such as reverse repurchase agreements, short sales, loans of portfolio securities, and the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, or derivatives instruments, may give rise to leverage, causing a fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged. While it is anticipated that leverage may increase profitability, it may also accentuate the consequences of adverse price movements, resulting in increased losses.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund will, consistent with industry practice, designate and mark-to-market daily cash or other liquid assets having an aggregate market value at least equal to the exposure created by these transactions.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund maintains a long-term investment approach. Generally, the portfolio managers do not try to predict overall market movements, but the portfolio managers do note trends in the economy, industries, and financial markets. Although the Fund may hold securities for any amount of time, they generally do not trade for short-term purposes.

 

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Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid investments.

IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

How the Fund strives to manage it: Due to uncertainty regarding the future use of LIBOR or similar rates (such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)), the impact of the abandonment of such rates on the Fund or the financial instruments in which the Fund invests cannot yet be determined.  However, the Fund tries to address such risk by monitoring the economic, political and regulatory climate in jurisdictions relevant to the Fund and the financial instruments in which the Fund invests in order to minimize any potential impact on the Fund.  In addition, the Fund typically invests in a number of different securities in a variety of sectors in order to minimize the impact to the Fund of any legislative or regulatory development affecting particular countries, issuers, or market sectors.

Government and regulatory risk

Governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance. Government involvement in the private sector may, in some cases, include government investment in, or ownership of, companies in certain commercial business sectors; wage and price controls; or imposition of trade barriers and other protectionist measures. For example, an economic or political crisis may lead to price controls, forced mergers of companies, expropriation, the creation of government monopolies, foreign exchange controls, the introduction of new currencies (and the redenomination of financial obligations into those currencies), or other measures that could be detrimental to the investments of a fund.

How the Fund strives to manage them: The portfolio managers evaluate the economic and political climate in the relevant jurisdictions before selecting securities for the Fund. The Fund typically invests in a number of different securities in a variety of sectors in order to minimize the impact to the Fund of any legislative or regulatory development affecting particular countries, issuers, or market sectors.

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

Asset allocation risk

Although asset allocation among different sleeves and asset categories of the Fund generally tends to limit risk and exposure to any one sleeve, the risk remains that the allocation of assets may skew toward a sleeve that performs poorly relative to the Fund's other sleeves, or to the market as a whole, which could result in the Fund performing poorly.

Market risk

Markets can be volatile, and stock prices change daily, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. As a result, the Fund's holdings can decline in response to adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market or economic developments or conditions that may cause a broad market decline. Different parts of the market, including different sectors and different types of securities, can react differently to these developments. Stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising prices and periods of falling prices. During a general downturn in the financial markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value. When markets perform well, there can be no assurance that specific investments held by the Fund will rise in value. Market risk may affect a single issuer or the market as a whole. At times, the Fund may hold a relatively high percentage of its assets in stocks of a particular market sector, which would subject the Fund to proportionately higher exposure to the risks of that sector.

Securities are subject to price movements due to changes in general economic conditions (which may not be specifically related to the particular issuer), such as the level of prevailing interest or currency rates, changes in the general outlook for revenues or corporate earnings, investor sentiment and perceptions of the

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market generally. The value of securities also may go up or down due to factors that affect an individual issuer or a particular industry or sector, such as changes in production costs and competitive conditions within the industry. Market prices of equity securities generally are more volatile than debt securities. This may cause a security to be worth less than the price originally paid for it, or less than it was worth at an earlier time.

Global economies and financial markets have become increasingly interconnected, meaning that conditions in one country or region may adversely affect issuers in another country or region, which in turn may adversely affect securities held by the Fund. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

In the years since the financial crisis that started in 2008, the US and many global economies at times have experienced volatility in the financial markets. Turbulence in the financial markets and reduced liquidity may negatively affect issuers, which could have an adverse effect on the Fund. In addition, there is a risk that recent policy changes by the US government and the Federal Reserve, which include increasing interest rates, could cause increased volatility in financial markets.

The value of assets or income from the Fund's investments may be adversely affected by inflation or changes in the market’s expectations regarding inflation. Furthermore, there is a risk that the prices of goods and services in the US and many foreign economies may decline over time, known as deflation (the opposite of inflation). Deflation may have an adverse effect on stock prices and creditworthiness and may make defaults on debt more likely. If a country’s economy slips into a deflationary pattern, it could last for a prolonged period and may be difficult to reverse.

The global outbreak of COVID-19 (commonly referred to as “coronavirus”) has disrupted economic markets and resulted in travel restrictions, closed international borders, enhanced health screenings at ports of entry and elsewhere, disruption of and delays in healthcare service preparation and delivery, prolonged quarantines, cancellations, supply chain disruptions, and lower consumer demand, as well as general concern and uncertainty. The impact of COVID-19, and other infectious illness outbreaks that may arise in the future, could adversely affect the economies of many nations or the entire global economy, individual issuers and capital markets in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen. In addition, the impact of infectious illnesses in emerging market countries may be greater due to generally less established healthcare systems. Public health crises caused by the COVID-19 outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social and economic risks in certain countries or globally. The duration of the COVID-19 outbreak and its effects cannot be determined with certainty.

Foreign and emerging markets risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect the Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of the Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that the Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that the Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

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Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, the Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent the Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on the Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Investments in countries with emerging economies or securities markets may carry greater risk than investments in more developed countries. Political and economic structures in many such countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristics of more developed countries. In addition, the economies of developing or emerging market countries may be more dependent on relatively few industries or investors that may be highly vulnerable to local and global changes and trade conditions. Further, the value of the currency of a developing or emerging market country may fluctuate more than the currencies of countries with more mature markets, and there may be

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difficulty related to the quality, availability and timeliness of information. In addition, the taxation systems at the federal, regional and local levels in developing or emerging market countries may be less transparent and inconsistently enforced, and subject to sudden change. Developing or emerging market countries may have a higher degree of corruption and fraud than developed market countries, as well as counterparties and financial institutions with less financial sophistication, creditworthiness and/or resources. Certain of those countries may have failed in the past to recognize private property rights and have nationalized or expropriated the assets of private companies. As a result, the risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, may be heightened. Developing or emerging market countries may have less developed legal systems allowing for enforcement of private property rights and/or redress for injuries to private property, such as bankruptcy. The ability to bring and enforce actions in developing or emerging market countries, or to obtain information needed to pursue or enforce such actions, may be limited and shareholder claims may be difficult or impossible to pursue.

In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of the Fund's investments in those countries and the availability of additional investments in those countries. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in such countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in those countries may make the Fund's investments in such countries more volatile and less liquid than investments in more developed countries, and the Fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before making certain investments in those countries. Settlement procedures in developing or emerging markets may differ from those of more established securities markets, and settlement delays may result in the inability to invest assets or to dispose of portfolio securities in a timely manner. As a result, there could be subsequent declines in the value of the portfolio security, a decrease in the level of liquidity of the portfolio or, if there is a contract to sell the security, a possible liability to the purchaser. The economies of emerging market countries may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times or even indefinitely.

Issuers in developing or emerging market countries generally may be subject to less stringent regulatory, disclosure, financial reporting, accounting, auditing and recordkeeping standards than companies in more developed countries and, as a result, the nature and quality of such information may vary. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers located in certain countries, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such issuers. In addition, certain developing or emerging market countries have material limitations on Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) inspection, investigation and enforcement capabilities which hinder the ability to engage in independent oversight or inspection of accounting firms located in or operating in certain developing or emerging markets; therefore, there is no guarantee that the quality of financial reporting or the audits conducted by audit firms of developing or emerging market issuers meet PCAOB standards. In times of market stress, regulatory authorities of different emerging market countries may apply varying techniques and degrees of intervention, which can have an effect on prices and may require that the Fund fair value its holdings in those countries.

Fixed income risk

The prices of the Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, the Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to the Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of the Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If the Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

 

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High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken the Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

Senior loan risk

Senior (or first-lien) loans, which include fixed- or floating-rate (sometimes referred to as “adjustable rate”) loans, hold a senior position in the capital structure of US and foreign corporate issuers. Under normal circumstances, senior loans have priority of claim ahead of other obligations of a borrower in the event of liquidation. Senior loans may be collateralized or uncollateralized. They pay interest at rates that float above, or are adjusted periodically based on, a benchmark that reflects current interest rates. The risks associated with senior loans are similar to the risks of junk bonds, although senior loans typically are senior and secured, whereas junk bonds often are subordinated and unsecured. Investments in senior loans typically are below investment-grade and are considered speculative because of the credit risk of their issuers. Such companies are more likely to default on their payments of interest and principal owed, and such defaults could reduce the Fund's NAV and income distributions. In addition to the risks typically associated with debt securities, such as credit risk and interest rate risk, senior loans also are subject to the risk that a court could subordinate a senior loan to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of senior loans. Senior loans are subject to prepayment risk. If a borrower prepays a senior loan, the Fund will have to reinvest the proceeds in other senior loans or securities that may pay lower interest rates.

There is no assurance that the liquidation of the collateral would satisfy the claims of the borrower’s obligations in the event of the non-payment of scheduled interest or principal, or that the collateral could be readily liquidated. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for certain senior loans or senior loans generally, which may reduce market prices. Senior loans and other debt securities also are subject to the risk of price declines and to increases in prevailing interest rates. No active trading market may exist for certain senior loans, which may impair the ability of the Fund to realize full value in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded senior loans. Longer interest rate reset periods generally increase fluctuations in value as a result of changes in market interest rates.

REIT-related risk

The value of the Fund's investments in a REIT may be adversely affected by (1) changes in the value of the REIT’s underlying property or the property secured by mortgages the REIT holds; (2) loss of REIT federal tax status (and the resulting inability to qualify for modified pass-through tax treatment under the Code) or changes in laws and/or rules related to that status; or (3) the REIT’s failure to maintain its exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. In addition, the Fund may experience a decline in its income from REIT securities due to falling interest rates or decreasing dividend payments.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. The Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase the Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. The Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large

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quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause the Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by the Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if the Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

Duration risk

Duration risk is the risk that longer-duration debt securities are more likely to decline in price than shorter-duration debt securities in a rising interest rate environment. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a debt security or portfolio to interest rate changes.

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk and extension risk. When interest rates decline, unscheduled prepayments can be expected to accelerate, shortening the average lives of such securities, and the Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of the prepayments at the lower interest rates then available. Unscheduled prepayments also would limit the potential for capital appreciation on mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and may make them less effective than other fixed-income securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates, thereby reducing the Fund's income. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the values of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities generally fall. Rising interest rates typically result in decreased prepayments and longer average lives of such securities. This could cause the value of such securities to be more volatile or to decline more than other fixed-income securities, and may magnify the effect of the rate increase on the price of such securities. If the Fund purchases mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same pool, the Fund, as a holder of those securities, may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. For example, an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund as a holder of such subordinated securities, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless; the risk of such defaults generally is higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.

Certain mortgage-backed securities are US government securities. See US Government Securities Risk for the risks of these types of securities. For non-US government securities, there is the risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government or supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the US government.

Master limited partnership (MLP) risk

Investments in securities of an MLP involve risks that differ from investments in common stocks, including, among others, risks related to limited control and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP, cash flow risks, dilution risks, and others.

Investing in MLPs also involves certain risks related to investing in the underlying assets of the MLPs and risks associated with pooled investment vehicles. MLPs holding credit-related investments are subject to interest rate risk and the risk of default on payment obligations by debt issuers. MLPs that concentrate in a particular industry or a particular geographical region are subject to risks associated with such industry or region. Investments held by MLPs may be relatively illiquid, limiting the MLPs’ ability to vary their portfolios promptly in response to changes in economic or other conditions. MLPs may have limited financial resources, their securities may trade infrequently and in limited volume, and they may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than securities of larger or more broadly based companies.

MLPs taxed as partnerships generally do not pay US federal income tax at the partnership level, subject to the application of certain partnership audit rules. A change in current tax law, or a change in the underlying business mix of a given MLP, however, could result in an MLP being treated as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes, which would have the effect of reducing the amount of cash available for distribution by the MLP and could result in a reduction of

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the value of the underlying fund’s investment, and consequently your investment in the Fund and lower income. A distribution from an MLP may consist in part of a return of the amount originally invested, which would not be taxable to the extent the distribution does not exceed the investor’s adjusted basis in its MLP interest.

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

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Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Natural resources risk

Investment risks associated with investing in securities of natural resources companies, in addition to other risks, include price fluctuation caused by real and perceived inflationary trends and political developments, the cost assumed by natural resource companies in complying with environmental and safety regulations, changes in supply of, or demand for, various natural resources, changes in energy prices, environmental incidents, energy conservation, the

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success of exploration projects, changes in commodity prices, and special risks associated with natural or man-made disasters. Securities of natural resource companies that are dependent on a single commodity, or are concentrated in a single commodity sector, may exhibit high volatility attributable to commodity prices.

Commodity-related investments risk

Investments in certain issuers, such as resource extraction and production companies, are sensitive to fluctuations in certain commodity markets, and changes in those markets may cause the Fund's holdings to lose value. Commodity trading, including trading in precious metals, generally is considered speculative because of the significant potential for investment loss. Among the factors that could affect the value of the Fund's investments in commodities are resource availability, commodity price volatility, speculation in the commodities markets, cyclical economic conditions, weather, embargoes, tariffs, regulatory developments, sudden political events and adverse international monetary policies. Markets for commodities are likely to be volatile and there may be sharp price fluctuations even during periods when prices overall are rising. The prices of commodities also can fluctuate widely due to supply and demand disruptions in major producing or consuming regions. Certain commodities may be produced in a limited number of countries and may be controlled by a small number of producers. As a result, political, economic and supply-related events in such countries could have a disproportionate impact on the prices of such commodities. Also, the Fund may pay more to store and accurately value its commodity holdings than it does with its other portfolio investments. Moreover, under the federal tax law, the Fund may not derive more than 10% of its annual gross income from gains (without regard to losses) resulting from selling or otherwise disposing of commodities (and other “non-qualifying” income). Accordingly, the Fund may be required to hold its commodities and/or interests in ETFs that hold commodities or sell them at a loss, or to sell portfolio securities at a gain, when, for investment reasons, it would not otherwise do so.

Distressed securities risk

The Fund may invest in debt securities issued by companies that are involved in reorganizations, financial restructurings or bankruptcy. Such distressed debt securities are speculative and involve substantial risks in addition to the risks of investing in lower-grade debt securities. In certain periods, there may be little or no liquidity in the markets for distressed securities. The prices of such securities may be subject to periods of abrupt and erratic market movements and above-average price volatility and it may be difficult to value such securities. The Fund may lose a substantial portion or all of its investment in distressed securities or may be required to accept cash, securities or other property with a value less than its original investment.

Equity-linked securities risk

An equity-linked security is a type of debt instrument that is linked to the equity market. Although common stocks and other equity securities have a history of long-term growth in value, their prices tend to fluctuate in the short term, particularly those of smaller companies.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies the Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by the Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other

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mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause the Fund's shares to lose value or may cause the Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Collateralized loan obligations risk

A CLO is an investment vehicle backed by a pool of commercial or personal loans, structured so that there are several classes of bondholders with varying maturities, called “tranches.” CLOs issue classes or tranches of securities that vary in risk and yield, and may experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, decrease of market value due to collateral defaults and disappearance of subordinate tranches, market anticipation of defaults and investor aversion to CLO securities as a class. The risks of investing in CLOs depend largely on the type of the underlying loans and the tranche of the CLO in which the Fund invests.

Concentration risk

If the Fund invests more than 25% of its total assets in a particular industry, the Fund's performance may be more susceptible to a single economic, regulatory or technological occurrence than a fund that does not concentrate its investments in a single industry. Securities of companies within specific industries or sectors of the economy may periodically perform differently than the overall market. This may be due to changes in such things as the regulatory or competitive environment or to changes in investor perceptions regarding a sector or company.

Convertible security risk

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security also is subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock. Convertible securities issued by smaller capitalized companies may be more volatile.

Currency risk

Foreign securities may be denominated in foreign currencies. The value of the Fund's investments, as measured in US dollars, may be unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations. Domestic issuers that hold substantial foreign assets may be similarly affected. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency could change significantly as foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the US dollar. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention, or failure to intervene, by US or foreign governments or central banks or by currency controls or political developments in the US or abroad. Devaluations of a currency by a government or banking authority also may have significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. Risks related to foreign currencies also include those related to economic or political developments, market inefficiencies or a higher risk that essential investment information may be incomplete, unavailable or inaccurate. A US dollar investment in an investment denominated in a foreign currency is subject to currency risk. Foreign currency losses could offset or exceed any potential gains, or add to losses, in the related investments. Currency markets also are generally not as regulated as securities markets. In addition, in order to transact in foreign investments, the Fund may exchange and hold foreign currencies. Regulatory fees or higher custody fees may be imposed on foreign currency holdings. The Fund may use derivatives to manage its foreign currency risk. Derivatives on non-US currencies involve a risk of loss if currency exchange rates move against the Fund, unless the derivative is a currency forward to hedge against the non-US currency movement.

Foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts risk

The Fund may use foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts to hedge certain market risks (such as interest rates, currency exchange rates and broad or specific market movement). These investment techniques involve a number of risks, including the possibility of default by the counterparty to the transaction and, to the extent the Manager’s judgment as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk of losses that are greater than if the investment technique had not been used. For example, there may be an imperfect correlation between the Fund's holdings of securities denominated in a particular currency and the forward contracts entered into by the Fund. An imperfect correlation of this type may prevent the Fund from achieving the intended hedge or expose the Fund to the risk of currency exchange loss. These investment techniques also tend to limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of the hedged position.

 

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Growth stock risk

Growth stocks are stocks of companies believed to have above-average potential for growth in revenue and earnings. Prices of growth stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks. Growth stocks may be more volatile or not perform as well as value stocks or the stock market in general.

Initial public offering risk

Any positive effect of investments in IPOs may not be sustainable because of a number of factors. For example, the Fund may not be able to buy shares in some IPOs, or may be able to buy only a small number of shares. Also, the performance of IPOs generally is volatile, and is dependent on market psychology and economic conditions. To the extent that IPOs have a significant positive impact on the Fund's performance, this may not be able to be replicated in the future. The relative performance impact of IPOs on the Fund also is likely to decline as the Fund grows.

Insurance-related instruments risk

The Fund may invest in esoteric asset classes such as the insurance capital markets, which include insurance linked securities, insurance securitizations, catastrophe bonds, life insurance/life annuity combination bonds, structured settlements, insurance reserve financing, mortality/longevity swaps, premium finance loans, and other similar asset-backed securities or instruments. These are specialized asset classes with unique risks. For example, risks arising from the illiquidity and difficulty in the valuation of such instruments, risk of catastrophic events and other events giving rise to losses under such instruments, volatility of capital markets, the risk of borrowings and short sales, the risk arising from leverage associated with trading in the currencies and over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives markets, the illiquidity of derivative instruments and the risks of loss from counterparty default.

Interest rate swap risk

Interest rate swaps are subject to interest rate risk and counterparty credit risk. An interest rate swap transaction could result in losses if the underlying interest rate does not perform as anticipated. Interest rate swaps also are subject to counterparty credit risk.

Interest rate swaps can be based on various measures of interest rates, including the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)), swap rates, treasury rates and other foreign interest rates. See IBOR risk for the risks of changes related to the use of IBORs.

A swap agreement can increase or decrease the volatility of the Fund's investments and its net asset value. The value of swaps, like many other derivatives, may move in unexpected ways and may result in losses for the Fund. As discussed above, swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities, and are, among other factors, subject to counterparty credit risk.

Because swaps may have a leverage component, adverse changes in the level of the reference rate can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Liquidity risk and interest rate risk can each contribute to significant and unanticipated losses to the Fund.

Investment company securities risk

The risks of investment in other investment companies typically reflect the risks of the types of securities in which the investment companies invest. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund would bear its pro rata share of that investment company’s expenses, which could result in the duplication of certain fees, including management and administrative fees. The Fund may invest in ETFs as a means of tracking the performance of a designated stock index while maintaining liquidity or to gain exposure to precious metals and other commodities without purchasing them directly. Since many ETFs are a type of investment company, the Fund's purchases of shares of such ETFs are subject to the Fund's investment restrictions regarding investments in other investment companies.

ETFs have a market price that reflects a specified fraction of the value of the designated index or underlying basket of commodities or commodities futures and are exchange-traded. As with other equity securities transactions, brokers charge a commission in connection with the purchase and sale of shares of ETFs. In addition, an asset management fee is charged in connection with the management of the ETF’s portfolio (which is in addition to the investment management fee paid by the Fund).

Investments in an ETF generally present the same primary risks as investments in conventional funds, which are not exchange-traded. The price of an ETF can fluctuate, and the Fund could lose money investing in an ETF. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional funds: (i) the market price of an ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV; (ii) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; or (iii) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange officials determine such action to be appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.

Enhanced or inverse return ETFs present greater opportunities for investment gains, but also present correspondingly greater risk of loss. Inverse or “short” ETFs seek to deliver performance that is opposite of the performance of a market benchmark (e.g., if the benchmark goes down by 1%, the ETF will go up by

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1%), typically using a combination of derivative strategies. Inverse ETFs seek to profit from falling market prices and will lose money if the market benchmark index goes up in value. Leveraged ETFs seek to provide returns that are a multiple of a stated benchmark, typically using a combination of derivative strategies. Like other forms of leverage, leveraged ETFs increase risk exposure relative to the amount invested and can lead to significantly greater losses than a comparable unleveraged portfolio. These ETFs are complex, carry substantial risk, and generally are used to increase or decrease the Fund's exposure to the underlying index on a short-term basis. Most leveraged ETFs reset daily and seek to achieve their objectives on a daily basis and holding these ETFs for longer than one day may produce unexpected results. Due to compounding, performance over longer periods can differ significantly from the performance of the underlying index, particularly when the benchmark index experiences large ups and downs. Ownership of an ETF results in the Fund bearing its proportionate share of the ETF’s fees and expenses and proportionate exposure to the risks associated with the ETF’s underlying investments.

Investments in loans secured by real estate risk

The Fund may invest in loans secured by real estate (other than mortgage-backed securities) and may, as a result of default, foreclosure or otherwise, hold real estate assets. Special risks associated with such investments include changes in the general economic climate or local conditions (such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for space), competition based on rental rates, attractiveness and location of the properties, changes in the financial condition of tenants, and changes in operating costs. Real estate values also are affected by such factors as government regulations (including those governing usage, improvements, zoning and taxes), interest rate levels, the availability of financing and potential liability under changing environmental and other laws.

Investments in structured products risk

The Fund may invest in securities backed by, or representing interests in, certain underlying instruments (“structured products”). Structured products, for purposes of this Prospectus, are not derivative instruments. The terms of the instrument may be determined or structured by the purchaser and the issuer of the instrument. Structured investments may have certain features of equity and debt securities, but also may have additional features. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the structured products to create securities with different investment characteristics such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of the payments made with respect to the structured products is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. The Fund may invest in structured products that represent derived investment positions based on relationships among different markets or asset classes.

The performance of structured products will be affected by a variety of factors, including its priority in the capital structure of the issuer, the availability of any credit enhancement, the level and timing of payments and recoveries on and the characteristics of the underlying receivables, loans or other assets that are being securitized, remoteness of those assets from the originator or transferor, the adequacy of and ability to realize upon any related collateral and the capability of the servicer of the securitized assets. The returns on these investments may be linked to the value of an index, a basket of instruments, an individual stock, bond or other security, an interest rate or a commodity.

The risks associated with structured products involve the risks of loss of principal due to market movement. In addition, investments in structured products may be illiquid in nature, with no readily available secondary market. Because they are linked to their underlying markets or securities, investments in structured products generally are subject to greater volatility than an investment directly in the underlying market or security. Total return on a structured product is derived by linking the return to one or more characteristics of the underlying instrument. Because certain structured products of the type in which the Fund may invest may involve no credit enhancement, the credit risk of those structured products generally would be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. The Fund may invest in a class of structured products that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured products typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured products.

Certain issuers of structured products may be deemed to be “investment companies” as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Fund's investments in these structured products may be limited by the restrictions contained in the 1940 Act. Structured products typically are sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for structured products. As a result, certain structured products in which the Fund invests may be deemed illiquid and subject to its limitation on illiquid investments.

Government and regulatory risk

The municipal securities market generally, or certain municipal securities in particular, may be significantly affected by adverse political, legislative or regulatory changes or litigation at the federal or state level. For example, political or legislative changes (as well as economic conditions) in a particular state or political subdivision of the state may affect the ability of the state or subdivision’s governmental entities to pay interest, to repay principal on their obligations or to issue new municipal obligations.

In addition, the value of municipal securities is affected by the value of tax-exempt income to investors. For example, a significant change in rates or a restructuring of the federal income tax (or serious consideration of such a change by the US government) may cause a decline in municipal securities prices, since lower income tax rates or tax restructuring could reduce the advantage of owning municipal securities. Lower state or municipal income tax rates may have a similar effect on the value of municipal securities issued by a governmental entity in that state or municipality.

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Large capitalization company risk

Large-capitalization companies may go in and out of favor based on market and economic conditions. Large-capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, such as changes in technology, and also may not be able to attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies, especially during extended periods of economic expansion. Although the securities of larger companies may be less volatile than those of companies with smaller market capitalizations, returns on investments in securities of large-capitalization companies could trail the returns on investments in securities of smaller companies.

Loan origination risk

The Fund may seek to originate loans, including, but not limited to, secured and unsecured notes, senior and second lien loans, mezzanine loans, and other similar investments. The Fund will retain all fees received in connection with originating or structuring the terms of any such investment. The Fund may subsequently offer such investments for sale to third parties, which could include certain other investment funds or separately managed accounts managed by the Manager; provided, that there is no assurance that the Fund will complete the sale of such an investment. To the extent the Fund acts as an original lender, the Fund's success would depend, in part, on its ability to originate loans on advantageous terms. In making loans, the Fund would compete with a broad spectrum of lenders, many of which may have substantially greater financial resources. Additionally, the Fund may make loans to borrowers that are experiencing, or are likely to experience, financial difficulty (including highly leveraged borrowers) and such loans may constitute a material amount of the Fund's portfolio. If the Fund is unable to sell, assign or successfully close transactions for the loans that it originates, the Fund will be forced to hold its interest in such loans for an indeterminate period of time. This could result in the Fund's investments being over-concentrated in certain borrowers.

Bank loans and other direct indebtedness risk

In addition to the risks typically associated with fixed-income securities, loans (including loan assignments, loan participations and other loan instruments) carry other risks, including the risk of insolvency of the lending bank or other intermediary. The risks associated with loans are similar to the risks of low-rated debt securities or “junk” bonds since loans typically are below investment-grade. Loans may be unsecured or not fully collateralized, may be subject to restrictions on resale, may be difficult to value, sometimes trade infrequently on the secondary market and generally are subject to extended settlement periods. Any of these factors may impair the Fund's ability to sell or realize promptly the full value of its loans in the event of a need to liquidate such loans. Difficulty in selling a loan can result in a loss. Accordingly, loans that have been sold may not be immediately available to meet redemptions. Extended trade settlement periods may result in cash not being immediately available to the Fund. As a result, the Fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions to raise cash to meet its obligations. Interests in secured loans have the benefit of collateral and, typically, of restrictive covenants limiting the ability of the borrower to further encumber its assets. There is a risk that the value of the collateral securing the loan may decline after the Fund invests and that the collateral may not be sufficient to cover the amount owed to the Fund. In the event the borrower defaults, the Fund's access to the collateral may be limited or delayed by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. These risks could cause the Fund to lose income or principal on a particular investment, which could affect the Fund's returns. In addition, loans also are subject to the risk that a court could subordinate the loan to presently existing or future indebtedness or take other action detrimental to the holders of the loan. Further, in the event of a default, second or lower lien secured loans will generally be paid only if the value of the collateral exceeds the amount of the borrower’s obligations to the senior secured lenders, and the remaining collateral may not be sufficient to cover the full amount owed on the loan in which the Fund has an interest. If the loan is unsecured, there is no specific collateral on which the Fund can foreclose. In addition, if a secured loan is foreclosed, the Fund may bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral, including the risk that collateral may be difficult to sell. The restructuring of a loan, either in a negotiated work-out or in the context of bankruptcy, could involve an exchange of such loan for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered.

Loans made to finance highly leveraged corporate acquisitions may be especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Certain loans may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as the Fund, therefore may not be entitled to rely on the strong anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. With loan assignments, as an assignee, the Fund normally will succeed to all rights and obligations of its assignor with respect to the portion of the loan that is being assigned. However, the rights and obligations acquired by the purchaser of a loan assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the original lenders or the assignor. With loan participations, the Fund may not be able to control the exercise of any remedies that the lender would have under the loan and likely would not have any rights against the borrower directly, so that delays and expense may be greater than those that would be involved if the Fund could enforce its rights directly against the borrower.

Loans to private and middle market companies risk

Loans to private and middle market companies involve a number of particular risks that may not exist in the case of loans to large public companies, including:

these companies may have limited financial resources and limited access to additional financing, which may increase the risk of their defaulting on their obligations, leaving creditors such as the Fund dependent on any guarantees or collateral they may have obtained;

 

these companies frequently have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines and smaller market shares than larger businesses, which render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;

 

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there may not be as much information publicly available about these companies as would be available for public companies and such information may not be of the same quality; and

 

these companies are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; as a result, the death, disability, resignation or termination of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on these companies’ ability to meet their obligations.

 

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Preferred stock risk

Preferred stock is a type of stock that pays a cumulative, fixed dividend that is senior to the dividends paid on the common stock of the issuer. Preferred stock may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stock is subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company’s preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. Preferred stock also is subject to credit risk with regard to the ability of the issuer to pay the dividend established upon issuance of the preferred stock.

Real assets industry risk

Investment risks associated with investing in real estate securities, in addition to other risks, include rental income fluctuation, depreciation, property tax value changes, differences in real estate market values, overbuilding and extended vacancies, increased competition, operating expenses or zoning laws, costs of environmental clean-up or damages from natural disasters, cash flow fluctuations, and defaults by borrowers and tenants.

REOC-related risk. A REOC is similar to an equity REIT in that it owns and operates commercial real estate, but unlike a REIT, it has the freedom to retain all its funds from operations and, in general, faces fewer restrictions than a REIT. REOCs do not pay any specific level of income as dividends, if at all, and there is no minimum restriction on the number of owners nor limits on ownership concentration. The value of the Fund's REOC securities may be adversely affected by certain of the same factors that adversely affect REITs. In addition, a corporate REOC does not qualify for the federal tax treatment that is accorded a REIT. In addition, the Fund may experience a decline in its income from REOC securities due to falling interest rates or decreasing dividend payments.

Redemption risk

The Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt the Fund's performance.

Restricted securities risk

Restricted securities are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale, and there can be no assurance of a ready market for resale. These securities include private placements or other unregistered securities, such as “Rule 144A securities”, which are securities that may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act). Privately placed securities, Rule 144A securities and other restricted securities may have the effect of increasing the level of Fund illiquidity to the extent the Fund finds it difficult to sell these securities when the Manager believes it is desirable to do so, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, and the prices realized could be less than those originally paid, or less than the fair market value. At times, the illiquidity of the market, as well as the lack of publicly available information regarding these securities also may make it difficult to determine the fair market value of such securities for purposes of computing the NAV of the Fund.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

 

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Small- and mid-market capitalization company risk

Securities of small-capitalization companies are subject to greater price volatility, lower trading volume and less liquidity due to, among other things, such companies’ small size, limited product lines, limited access to financing sources and limited management depth. In addition, the frequency and volume of trading of such securities may be less than is typical of larger companies, making them subject to wider price fluctuations, and such securities may be affected to a greater extent than other types of securities by the underperformance of a sector or during market downturns. In some cases, there could be difficulties in selling securities of small-capitalization companies at the desired time.

Securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more vulnerable to adverse developments than those of larger companies due to such companies’ limited product lines, limited markets and financial resources and dependence upon a relatively small management group. Securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more volatile and less liquid than the securities of larger companies and may be affected to a greater extent than other types of securities by the underperformance of a sector or during market downturns.

Student loan risk

Student loan bonds are generally offered by state (or substate) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the US Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students which are supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Recoveries of principal due to loan defaults may be applied to redemption of bonds or may be used to re-lend, depending on program latitude and demand for loans. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

The Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

Value stock risk

Value stocks are stocks of companies that may have experienced adverse business or industry developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused the stocks to be out of favor and, in the opinion of the Manager, undervalued. The value of a security believed by the Manager to be undervalued may never reach what is believed to be its full value, such security’s value may decrease or such security may be appropriately priced.

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund

Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the prices of bonds and other fixed income securities will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. Interest rate changes are influenced by a number of factors, such as government policy, monetary policy, inflation expectations, and the supply and demand of bonds. Bonds and other fixed income securities with longer maturities or duration generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes. A fund may be subject to a greater risk of rising interest rates due to the current period of historically low interest rates.

Swaps may be particularly sensitive to interest rate changes. Depending on the actual movements of interest rates and how well the portfolio manager anticipates them, a fund could experience a higher or lower return than anticipated. For example, if a fund holds interest rate swaps and is required to make payments based on variable interest rates, it will have to make interest payments if interest rates rise, which will not necessarily be offset by the fixed-rate payments it is entitled to receive under the swap agreement.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager limits the amount of the Fund’s assets invested in any one industry and in any individual security.

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The Fund is subject to various interest rate risks depending upon its investment objectives and policies. The Manager cannot eliminate this risk, but tries to address it by monitoring economic conditions, especially interest rate trends and their potential impact on the Fund. The Manager does not try to increase returns on the Fund’s investments in debt securities by predicting and aggressively capitalizing on interest rate movements.

By investing in swaps, the Fund is subject to additional interest rate risk. Each Business Day, the Manager will calculate the amount the Fund must pay for any swaps it holds and will designate enough cash or other liquid securities to cover that amount.

High yield corporate (junk) bond risk

High yield corporate bonds (commonly known as “junk” bonds), while generally having higher yields, are subject to reduced creditworthiness of issuers, increased risks of default, and a more limited and less liquid secondary market than higher rated securities. These securities are subject to greater price volatility and risk of loss of income and principal than are higher rated securities because they are rated below investment grade. Lower rated and unrated fixed income securities tend to reflect short-term corporate and market developments to a greater extent than higher rated fixed income securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Fixed income securities of this type are considered to be of poor standing and primarily speculative. Such securities are subject to a substantial degree of credit risk.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager attempts to reduce the risk associated with investment in high yield debt securities through portfolio diversification, credit analysis, and attention to trends in the economy, industries, and financial markets.

Market risk

Market risk is the risk that all or a majority of the securities in a certain market — such as the stock or bond market — will decline in value because of factors such as adverse political or economic conditions, future expectations, investor confidence, or heavy institutional selling.

Index swaps are subject to the same market risks as the investment market or sector that the index represents. Depending on the actual movements of the index and how well the portfolio manager forecasts those movements, a fund could experience a higher or lower return than anticipated.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager maintains a long-term investment approach and focuses on securities that it believes can continue to provide returns over an extended time frame regardless of interim market fluctuations. Generally, the Manager does not try to predict overall market movements. The Fund does not buy and sell securities for short-term purposes. In evaluating the use of an index swap for the Fund, the Manager carefully considers how market changes could affect the swap and how that compares to investing directly in the market the swap is intended to represent. When selecting counterparties with whom the Manager would make interest rate or index swap agreements for the Fund, the Manager does careful credit analysis on the counterparty before engaging in the transaction.

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that an issuer of a debt security, including a governmental issuer or an entity that insures the bond, may be unable to make interest payments and/or repay principal in a timely manner. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength or in a security’s credit rating may affect a security’s value, which would impact fund performance.

Investing in so-called “junk” or “high yield” bonds entails the risk of principal loss because they are rated below investment grade, which may be greater than the risk involved in investment grade bonds. High yield bonds are sometimes issued by companies whose earnings at the time the bond is issued are less than the projected debt payments on the bonds. A protracted economic downturn may severely disrupt the market for high yield bonds, adversely affect the value of outstanding bonds, and adversely affect the ability of high yield issuers to repay principal and interest. Investment by a fund in defaulted securities poses additional risk of loss should nonpayment of principal and interest continue in respect of such securities. Even if such securities are held to maturity, recovery by a fund of its initial investment and any anticipated income or appreciation may be uncertain. A fund also may incur additional expenses in seeking recovery on defaulted securities. Defaulted securities may be considered illiquid.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager’s careful, credit-oriented bond selection and its commitment to hold a diversified selection of high yield bonds are designed to manage this risk. It is likely that protracted periods of economic uncertainty would cause increased volatility in the market prices of high yield bonds, an increase in the number of high yield bond defaults and corresponding volatility in the Fund’s NAV. The Fund’s holdings of high-quality investment grade bonds are less subject to credit risk and may help to balance any credit problems experienced by individual high yield bond issuers or foreign issuers. When selecting dealers with whom the Manager would make swap agreements, the Manager focuses on those with high quality ratings and does careful credit analysis before investing.

 

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IBOR risk

The risk that potential changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The potential abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

How the Fund strives to manage it: Due to uncertainty regarding the future use of LIBOR or similar rates (such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)), the potential impact of the abandonment of such rates on the Fund or the financial instruments in which the Fund invests cannot yet be determined.  However, the Fund tries to address such risk by monitoring the economic, political and regulatory climate in jurisdictions relevant to the Fund and the financial instruments in which the Fund invests in order to minimize any potential impact on the Fund.  In addition, the Fund typically invests in a number of different securities in a variety of sectors in order to minimize the impact to the Fund of any legislative or regulatory development affecting particular countries, issuers, or market sectors.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons.

Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund limits exposure to illiquid investments to no more than 15% of its total assets.

Loans and other indebtedness risk

Loans and other indebtedness risk is the risk that a fund will not receive payment of principal, interest, and other amounts due in connection with these investments and will depend primarily on the financial condition of the borrower. Loans that are fully secured offer a fund more protection than unsecured loans in the event of nonpayment of scheduled interest or principal, although there is no assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the corporate borrower’s obligation, or that the collateral can be liquidated. Some loans or claims may be in default at the time of purchase. Certain of the loans and the other indebtedness acquired by a fund may involve revolving credit facilities or other standby financing commitments that obligate a fund to pay additional cash on a certain date or on demand. These commitments may require a fund to increase its investment in a company at a time when that fund might not otherwise decide to do so (including at a time when the company’s financial condition makes it unlikely that such amounts will be repaid). To the extent that a fund is committed to advance additional funds, it will at all times hold and maintain cash or other high-grade debt obligations in an amount sufficient to meet such commitments.

As a fund may be required to rely upon another lending institution to collect and pass on to the fund amounts payable with respect to the loan and to enforce the fund’s rights under the loan and other indebtedness, an insolvency, bankruptcy, or reorganization of the lending institution may delay or prevent the fund from receiving such amounts. The highly leveraged nature of many such loans and other indebtedness may make them especially vulnerable to adverse changes in economic or market conditions. Investments in such loans and other indebtedness may involve additional risk to the fund.

A fund’s ability to sell its loans or to realize their full value upon sale may also be impaired due to the lack of an active trading market, irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads, contractual restrictions, and extended trade settlement periods. Extended trade settlement periods may result in cash not being immediately available to a fund. As a result of these factors, a fund may have to sell other investments or engage in borrowing transactions to raise cash to meet its obligations.

Federal securities laws provide protections against fraud and misrepresentation in connection with the offering and sale of a “security.” Loans in which a fund may invest may not be deemed to be “securities” for purposes of such anti-fraud protections. A fund may therefore not have the protection of the anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws in the event of fraud or misrepresentation by a borrower. However, a fund in such a scenario may be able to rely on contractual provisions in the loan documents for alternative protections, or use common-law fraud protections under applicable state law.

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How the Fund strives to manage it: This risk may not be completely eliminated, but the Manager will attempt to reduce this risk through portfolio diversification, credit analysis, and attention to trends in the economy, industries, and financial markets. Should the Manager determine that any of these securities are illiquid, they would be subject to the Fund’s restriction on illiquid investments.

Adjustable rate securities risk

The value of any collateral securing an adjustable rate security may decline, be insufficient to meet the obligations of the borrower, or be difficult or costly to liquidate. In the event of a default, it may be difficult to collect on any collateral, it would not be possible to collect on any collateral for an uncollateralized loan, and the value of an adjustable rate security can decline significantly. Access to collateral may also be limited by bankruptcy or other insolvency laws. If an adjustable rate security is acquired through an assignment, the acquirer may not be able to unilaterally enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to the associated collateral.

Although senior loans may be senior to equity and other debt securities in the borrower’s capital structure, the loans may be subordinated to other obligations of the borrower or its subsidiaries. Difficulty in selling an adjustable rate loan can result in a loss. Loans trade in an over-the-counter market, and confirmation and settlement may take significantly longer than 7 days to complete. Extended trade settlement periods may present a risk regarding the Fund’s ability to timely honor redemptions. Due to the lack of a regular trading market for loans, loans are subject to irregular trading activity and wide bid/ask spreads and may be difficult to value.

High yield adjustable rate loans, like high-yield debt securities, or junk bonds, usually are more credit sensitive, although the value of these instruments may be affected by interest rate swings in the overall fixed income market. Generally, there is less readily available, reliable public information about the loans. Therefore, the Fund may be required to rely on its own evaluation and judgment of a borrower’s credit quality in addition to any available independent sources to value loans. Adjustable rate loans may not be considered “securities” for certain purposes of the federal securities laws and purchasers therefore may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws.

How the Fund strives to manage it: This risk may not be completely eliminated, but the Manager will attempt to reduce this risk through portfolio diversification, credit analysis, and attention to trends in the economy, industries, and financial markets. Should the Manager determine that any of these securities are illiquid, they would be subject to the Fund’s restriction on illiquid investments.

Emerging markets risk

Emerging markets risk is the possibility that the risks associated with international investing will be greater in emerging markets than in more developed foreign markets because, among other things, emerging markets may have less stable political and economic environments. In addition, in many emerging markets there is substantially less publicly available information about issuers and the information that is available tends to be of a lesser quality. Economic markets and structures tend to be less mature and diverse and the securities markets, which are subject to less government regulation or supervision, may also be smaller, less liquid, and subject to greater price volatility.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in securities of issuers located in emerging markets. The Fund cannot eliminate these risks but the Manager will attempt to reduce these risks through portfolio diversification, credit analysis, and attention to trends in the economy, industries and financial markets, and other relevant factors.

Foreign risk

Foreign risk is the risk that foreign securities (particularly in emerging markets) may be adversely affected by political instability, changes in currency exchange rates, inefficient markets and higher transaction costs, foreign economic or government conditions, the imposition of economic and/or trade sanctions, inadequate or different regulatory and accounting standards, and the possibility that significant events in foreign markets, including broad market moves, may affect the value of fund shares.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager attempts to reduce the risks presented by such investments by conducting world-wide fundamental research, including country visits. In addition, the Manager monitors current economic and market conditions and trends, the political and regulatory environment, and the value of currencies in different countries in an effort to identify the most attractive countries and securities. Additionally, when currencies appear significantly overvalued compared to average real exchange rates, the Fund may hedge exposure to those currencies for defensive purposes.

The Fund may frequently value many foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third-party vendor modeling tools, to the extent available, to account for significant market events that may occur after the close of a foreign market but before the Fund’s shares are priced.

 

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Foreign government securities risk

Foreign government securities risk relates to the ability of a foreign government or government-related issuer to make timely principal and interest payments on its external debt obligations. This ability to make payments will be strongly influenced by the issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credits and investments, fluctuations in interest rates, and the extent of its foreign reserves.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager attempts to reduce the risks associated with investing in foreign governments by limiting the portion of portfolio assets that may be invested in such securities.

Currency risk

Currency risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Adverse changes in exchange rates may reduce or eliminate any gains produced by investments that are denominated in foreign currencies and may increase any losses.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund, which has exposure to global and international investments, may be affected by changes in currency rates and exchange control regulations and may incur costs in connection with conversions between currencies. To hedge this currency risk associated with investments in non-US dollar denominated securities, it may invest in forward foreign currency contracts, and foreign currency options and futures transactions. These activities pose special risks that do not typically arise in connection with investments in US securities.

Derivatives risk

Derivatives risk is the possibility that a fund may experience a significant loss if it employs a derivatives strategy (including a strategy involving equity-linked securities, futures, options, forward foreign currency contracts, or swaps such as interest rate swaps, index swaps, or credit default swaps) related to a security, index, reference rate, or other asset or market factor (collectively, a “reference instrument”) and that reference instrument moves in the opposite direction from what the portfolio manager had anticipated. If a market or markets, or prices of particular classes of investments, move in an unexpected manner, a fund may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the transaction and it may realize losses. Derivatives also involve additional expenses, which could reduce any benefit or increase any loss to a fund from using the strategy. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing, and amount of a fund’s taxable income or gains. A fund’s transactions in derivatives may be subject to one or more special tax rules.  These rules may: (i) affect whether gains and losses recognized by a fund are treated as ordinary or capital or as short-term or long-term, (ii) accelerate the recognition of income or gains to the fund, (iii) defer losses to the fund, and (iv) cause adjustments in the holding periods of the fund’s securities. A fund’s use of derivatives may be limited by the requirements for taxation of the fund as a regulated investment company.

Investing in derivatives may subject a fund to counterparty risk. Please refer to “Counterparty risk” for more information. Other risks include illiquidity, mispricing or improper valuation of the derivatives contract, and imperfect correlation between the value of the derivatives instrument and the underlying reference instrument so that the fund may not realize the intended benefits. In addition, since there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any derivatives instrument purchased or sold, a fund may be required to hold a derivatives instrument to maturity and take or make delivery of an underlying reference instrument that the Manager would have otherwise attempted to avoid, which could result in losses. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivatives instrument may also not correlate specifically with the currency, rate, or other risk being hedged, in which case a fund may not realize the intended benefits.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund will use derivatives for defensive purposes, such as to protect gains or hedge against potential losses in the portfolio without actually selling a security, to neutralize the impact of interest rate changes, to effect diversification, or to earn additional income. It will not use derivatives for reasons inconsistent with its investment objective. The Manager also researches and continually monitors the creditworthiness of current or potential counterparties. The Fund will limit its investments in derivatives instruments such that the aggregate notional amount of these investments does not exceed 100% of the Fund’s net assets and initial margin for these transactions is less than 5% of the Fund's net assets.

The Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to the Fund under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator under the CEA.

Counterparty risk

Counterparty risk is the risk that if a fund enters into a derivatives contract (such as a futures, options, or swap contract) or a repurchase agreement, the counterparty to such a contract or agreement may fail to perform its obligations under the contract or agreement due to, among other reasons, financial difficulties (such as a bankruptcy or reorganization). As a result, a fund may experience significant delays in obtaining any recovery, may obtain only a limited recovery, or may obtain no recovery at all.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager seeks to minimize this risk by considering the creditworthiness of all counterparties before the Fund enters into transactions with them. The Fund will hold collateral from counterparties consistent with applicable regulations.

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Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk is the risk that the principal on mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities may be prepaid at any time, which will reduce the yield and market value. If interest rates fall, the rate of prepayments tends to increase as borrowers are motivated to pay off debt and refinance at new lower rates. Rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of mortgage-related securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, a fund that holds mortgage-related securities may exhibit additional volatility.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund may invest in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. The Manager will attempt to reduce this risk by investing in a broad range of fixed income securities.

Prepayment risk

Prepayment risk is the risk that homeowners will prepay mortgages during periods of low interest rates, forcing a fund to reinvest its money at interest rates that might be lower than those on the prepaid mortgage. Prepayment risk may also affect other types of debt securities, but generally to a lesser extent than mortgage securities.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund may invest in MBS, CMOs and REMICs. The Manager takes into consideration the likelihood of prepayment when mortgages are selected. The Manager may look for mortgage securities that have characteristics that make them less likely to be prepaid, such as low outstanding loan balances or below-market interest rates.

Short sales risk

Short positions in securities may be more risky than long positions (purchases). If a fund has a short position in a security issued by an exchange traded fund or otherwise and the price of such security increases, the fund will lose money on its short position. Furthermore, during the time when a fund has a short position in such security, the fund must borrow that security in order to make delivery on the short sale, which raises the cost to the fund of entering into the transaction. A fund is therefore subject to the risk that a third party may fail to honor the terms of its contract with the fund related to the securities borrowing. Short sales also involve the risk of an unlimited increase in the market price of the security sold short, which would result in a theoretically unlimited loss. Moreover, although the trading price of a share of an exchange traded fund normally tracks the net asset value of such a share, in times of market stress, this value relationship will not necessarily prevail. Any deviation between the net asset value per share of such exchange traded fund and its trading price could create other risks for a fund if it held a short position in the securities of such an exchange traded fund. Such other risks include the possibility of a larger loss on the short position than would otherwise be the case, the reduced likelihood that the intended benefit of the short position will achieve its objective(s), and the increased likelihood of a demand to replace the borrowed security at a time when obtaining such replacement security may be difficult or impossible at a reasonable price.

Until a fund replaces a borrowed security in connection with a short sale, it will be required to maintain daily a segregated account at such a level that: (i) the amount deposited in the segregated account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will at all times be equal to at least 100% of the current value of the security sold short and (ii) the amount deposited in the segregated account plus the amount deposited with the broker as collateral will not be less than the market value of the security at the time it was sold short. Consequently, in the event of an increase in the price of a security in which a fund has a short position, it may have to increase the amount of collateral to be posted and may have to sell other securities in the portfolio to be able to do so. In times of market stress, making such sales may be difficult to do because of limited and declining liquidity.

Short sale strategies are often categorized as a form of leveraging. Please refer to “Leveraging risk” for more information.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager will not engage in short sales for speculative purposes.

Leveraging risk

Leveraging risk is the risk that certain fund transactions, such as reverse repurchase agreements, short sales, loans of portfolio securities, and the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, or derivatives instruments, may give rise to leverage, causing a fund to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged. While it is anticipated that leverage may increase profitability, it may also accentuate the consequences of adverse price movements, resulting in increased losses.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund will, consistent with industry practice, designate and mark-to-market daily cash or other liquid assets having an aggregate market value at least equal to the exposure created by these transactions.

 

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Zero coupon and payment-in-kind (PIK) bonds risk

Zero coupon and PIK bonds involve certain risks. They are generally considered more interest sensitive than income-bearing bonds, more speculative than interest-bearing bonds, and have certain tax consequences that could, under certain circumstances, be adverse to a fund. For example, a fund accrues, and is required to distribute to shareholders, income on its zero coupon bonds. However, a fund may not receive the cash associated with this income until the bonds are sold or mature. If a fund does not have sufficient cash to make the required distribution of accrued income, the fund could be required to sell other securities in its portfolio or to borrow to generate the cash required.

How the Fund strives to manage the risk: The Fund may invest in zero coupon and PIK bonds to the extent consistent with its investment objective. The Fund cannot eliminate the risks of zero coupon bonds, but the Manager does try to address them by monitoring economic conditions, especially interest rate trends and their potential impact on the Fund.

Valuation risk

A less liquid secondary market as described above can make it more difficult to obtain precise valuations of certain securities. During periods of reduced liquidity, judgment plays a greater role in valuing less liquid investments.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Manager will strive to manage this risk by carefully evaluating individual bonds. In addition, to the extent that the Fund invests in foreign securities, it may frequently value them using fair value prices based on third-party vendor modeling tools, to the extent available, to account for significant market events that may occur after the close of a foreign market but before the Fund’s shares are priced.

Government and regulatory risks

Governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance. Government involvement in the private sector may, in some cases, include government investment in, or ownership of, companies in certain commercial business sectors; wage and price controls; or imposition of trade barriers and other protectionist measures. For example, an economic or political crisis may lead to price controls, forced mergers of companies, expropriation, the creation of government monopolies, foreign exchange controls, the introduction of new currencies (and the redenomination of financial obligations into those currencies), or other measures that could be detrimental to the investments of a fund.

How the Fund strives to manage them: The Manager evaluates the economic and political climate in the relevant jurisdictions before selecting securities for the Fund. The Manager typically diversifies the Fund’s assets among a number of different securities in a variety of sectors in order to minimize the impact to the Fund of any legislative or regulatory development affecting particular countries, issuers, or market sectors.

Portfolio turnover risk

High portfolio turnover rates may increase a fund’s transaction costs which may lower returns. Higher portfolio turnover rates could result in corresponding increases in brokerage commissions, may generate short-term capital gains taxable as ordinary income, and cause dividends received on portfolio securities to not be qualified dividends eligible for reduced federal income tax rates under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (Internal Revenue Code).

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund will not attempt to achieve or be limited to a predetermined rate of portfolio turnover. Such turnover always will be incidental to transactions undertaken with a view to achieving the Fund’s investment objective.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.

How the Fund strives to manage it: The Fund maintains a long-term investment approach. Generally, the portfolio managers do not try to predict overall market movements, but the portfolio managers do note trends in the economy, industries, and financial markets. Although the Fund may hold securities for any amount of time, it generally does not trade for short-term purposes.

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

Principal Risks. An investment in Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund is subject to various risks, including the following:

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Capital repatriation risk

Capital repatriation involves the transfer of corporate money or property from a foreign country back to its home country. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times from the date of such investments or even indefinitely. If the Manager is unable to repatriate capital from its investments, in whole or in part, this may have an adverse effect on the cash flows and/or performance of the Fund.

Convertible security risk

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred stock or other security that may be converted or exchanged for a prescribed amount of common stock of the same or different issuer within a particular period of time at a specified price or formula. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security also is subject to the same types of market and issuer risks that apply to the underlying common stock. Convertible securities issued by smaller capitalized companies may be more volatile.

Credit risk

An issuer of a fixed-income obligation (including a mortgage-backed security) or a REIT may not make payments on the obligation when due, or the other party to a contract may default on its obligation. There also is the risk that an issuer could suffer adverse changes in its financial condition that could lower the credit quality of a security. This could lead to greater volatility in the price of the security, could affect the security’s liquidity, and could make it more difficult to sell. A downgrade or default affecting any of the Fund's securities could affect the Fund's performance. In general, the longer the maturity and the lower the credit quality of a bond, the more sensitive it is to credit risk. If the Fund purchases unrated securities and obligations, it will depend on the Manager’s analysis of credit risk more heavily than usual.

Following the financial crisis, some credit rating agencies began applying more stringent criteria, with the result that some securities are being downgraded. In addition, rating agencies may fail to make timely changes to credit ratings in response to subsequent events and a rating may become stale in that it fails to reflect changes in an issuer’s financial condition. Ratings represent the ratings agency’s opinion regarding the quality of the security and are not a guarantee of quality.

Derivatives risk

A derivative is a financial instrument whose value or return is “derived,” in some manner, from the price of an underlying security, index, asset, rate or event. Derivatives are traded either on an organized exchange or over-the-counter (OTC) (privately negotiated between two parties). Forward foreign currency contracts, futures contracts, options and swaps are common types of derivatives that a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) occasionally may use. Forward foreign currency contracts (“forward contracts”) are purchases or sales of a foreign currency at a negotiated rate to be settled at a future date. A futures contract is a standardized contract listed on an exchange to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, currency or commodity at a specific price on a specific date. An option can be entered either exchange-traded or OTC and is a contract that gives the purchaser the right to buy or sell an underlying reference instrument, such as a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date. A swap is an OTC agreement involving the exchange by a Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates on the basis of a specified notional amount. The statutory definition under the CEA, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) of the term “Swap” includes options on commodities (excluding equities listed on exchanges), caps, floors, collars and certain forward contracts. The statutory definition of a swap also includes an instrument that is dependent on the occurrence, nonoccurrence or the extent of the occurrence of an event or contingency associated with a potential financial, economic or commercial consequence, such as a credit default swap. A swap agreement may be privately negotiated bilaterally and traded OTC between the two parties or, in some instances, must be transacted through a futures commission merchant (FCM) and cleared through a clearinghouse that serves as a central counterparty (for an OTC swap required to be cleared). Certain standardized swaps are, and more OTC derivatives in the future may be, subject to mandatory OTC central clearing.

The use of derivatives presents several risks, including the risk that these instruments may change in value in a manner that adversely affects a Fund's NAV and the risk that fluctuations in the value of the derivatives may not correlate with the reference instrument underlying the derivative. Derivatives can be highly complex, can create investment leverage, may perform in unanticipated ways and may be highly volatile, and a Fund could lose more than the amount it invests. Derivatives may be difficult to value and, depending on the instrument, may at times be highly illiquid, and a Fund may not be able to close out or sell a derivative position at a particular time or at an anticipated price. Moreover, some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations than other instruments. To the extent the judgment of the Manager as to certain anticipated price movements is incorrect, the risk of loss may be greater than if the derivative technique(s) had not been used. When used for hedging, the change in value of the derivative also may not correlate perfectly with the security or other risk being hedged. Appropriate derivatives may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will be

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able to use derivatives to reduce exposure to other risks when that might be beneficial. Derivatives also may be subject to counterparty credit risk, which includes the risk that a Fund may sustain a loss as a result of the insolvency or bankruptcy of, or other non-compliance with the terms in the agreement for the derivatives documentation by, another party to the transaction. Certain derivatives can create leverage, which may amplify or otherwise increase a Fund's investment loss, possibly in an amount that could exceed the cost of that instrument or, under certain circumstances, that could be unlimited. Derivatives may involve fees, commissions, or other costs that may reduce a Fund's gains (if any) from utilizing derivatives. Derivatives that have margin requirements involve the risk that if a Fund has insufficient cash or eligible margin securities to meet daily variation margin requirements, it may have to sell securities from its portfolio at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. A Fund also may remain obligated to meet margin requirements until a derivative position is closed.

When a Fund uses derivatives, it will likely be required to provide margin or collateral and/or to segregate cash or other liquid assets in a manner that satisfies contractual undertakings and regulatory requirements. The need to provide margin or collateral and/or segregate assets could limit the Fund's ability to pursue other opportunities as they arise. The amount of assets required to be segregated will depend on the type of derivative the Fund uses. If a Fund is required to segregate assets equal to only the current market value of its obligation under a derivative, the Fund may be able to use derivatives to a greater extent than if it were required to segregate assets equal to the full notional value of such derivative, which may create leverage.

Although a Fund may attempt to hedge against certain risks, the hedging instruments may not perform as expected and could produce losses. Hedging instruments also may reduce or eliminate gains that may otherwise have been available had the Fund not used the hedging instruments. A Fund may decide not to hedge certain risks in particular situations, even if appropriate instruments are available.

Swap instruments may shift a Fund's investment exposure from one type of investment to another. Swap agreements also may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Certain swaps have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swaps are highly specialized instruments that require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks, bonds, and other traditional investments. Each Fund (other than Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) may enter into credit default swap contracts for hedging or investment purposes. A Fund may either sell or buy credit protection under these contracts.

Certain derivatives transactions are not entered into or traded on organized exchanges or cleared by clearing organizations. Instead, such derivatives may be entered into directly with the counterparty and may be traded only through financial institutions acting as market makers.

There may be risk that no liquid secondary market in the trading of OTC derivatives will exist, in which case a Fund may be required to hold such instruments until exercise, expiration or maturity. Certain of the protections afforded to exchange-traded participants will not be available to participants in OTC derivatives transactions. OTC derivatives transactions are not subject to the guarantee of an exchange or clearinghouse and, as a result, a Fund would bear greater risk of default by the counterparties to such transactions. For some counterparties, a Fund has put in place a guarantee of the counterparty’s payment obligations under OTC derivative transactions issued by its parent holding company, which provides some protection to a Fund from a payment or delivery default by such counterparties. When traded on foreign exchanges, derivatives may not be regulated as rigorously as they would be if traded on or subject to the rules of an exchange located in the US, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and will be subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities, currencies and other instruments.

The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is significantly less than for privately negotiated or OTC derivatives, since generally an exchange or clearinghouse, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For privately negotiated instruments, there is not a similar exchange or clearinghouse guaranteeing the performance on both sides of the transaction. In all such transactions, the Fund bears the risk that the counterparty could default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. A Fund will enter into transactions in derivative instruments only with counterparties that the Manager reasonably believes are capable of performing under the contract. The Manager manages counterparty risk in an OTC derivative transaction by entering into bilateral collateral documentation, such as a Credit Support Annex and an accompanying Account Control Agreement, where it is market practice and/or required by law to do so for OTC derivatives.

The enactment in June 2010 of the Dodd-Frank Act resulted in historic and comprehensive change in how OTC derivatives are regulated, including the manner in which OTC derivatives are customized, derivatives documentation is negotiated, and trades are reported, executed and cleared. The Dodd-Frank Act and implementing rules ultimately may require the clearing and exchange-trading of many swaps.

Specifically, the CFTC has adopted rules to require certain standardized swaps, previously settled OTC, be settled by means of a central clearinghouse. Central clearing is intended to reduce the risk of default by the counterparty. There also may be risks introduced of a possible default by the derivatives clearing organization or by a clearing member or FCM through which a swap is submitted for clearing.

Ongoing changes to regulation of the derivatives markets and potential changes in the regulation of mutual funds using derivatives instruments could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. The extent and impact of the new regulations or proposed regulations are not yet fully known and may not be for some time. Any such changes may, among various possible effects, increase the cost of entering into derivative transactions, require more assets of a Fund

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to be used for collateral in support of those derivatives than is currently the case, or restrict the ability of a Fund to enter into certain types of derivative transactions, or could limit a Fund's ability to pursue its investment strategies. In addition, changes in government regulation of derivatives could affect the character, timing and amount of the Fund's taxable income or gains.

In addition, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, the CFTC in 2012 made substantial amendments to the permissible exemptions, and to the conditions for reliance on the permissible exclusions, from registration as a CPO under the CEA. Under these amendments, if a Fund uses commodity interests (such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts and most swaps) other than for bona fide hedging purposes (as defined by the CFTC), the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish these positions (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions and excluding the amount by which options are “in-the-money” at the time of purchase) may not exceed 5% of the Fund's liquidation value, or alternatively, the aggregate net notional value of those positions, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the Fund's liquidation value (after taking into account unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions) unless the Manager has registered as a CPO. The Manager, in its management of each Fund, currently is complying, and intends to continue to comply, with at least one of the two alternative limitations described above. Accordingly, the Trust has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” with respect to each Fund under the CFTC and NFA rules.

Complying with those de minimis trading limitations may restrict the Manager's ability to use derivatives as part of a Fund's investment strategies. Although the Manager believes that it will be able to execute a Fund's investment strategies within the de minimis trading limitations, the Fund's performance could be adversely affected. In addition, the CFTC recently has proposed changes to the de minimis trading rules and limitations that could potentially change a Fund's ability to trade derivatives. Also, a Fund's ability to use certain derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.

Futures contracts risk. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a financial exchange to buy or sell a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on a specific date at a specified time in the future. Futures prices can diverge from the prices of their underlying instruments, even if the underlying instruments match the Fund’s investments well. Futures prices are affected by such factors as changes in volatility of the underlying instrument, the time remaining until expiration of the contract, and current and anticipated short-term interest rates, which may not affect security prices the same way. The Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts with a greater or lesser value than the securities it wishes to hedge or intends to purchase in order to attempt to compensate for differences in volatility between the contract and the securities, although this may not be successful in all cases. If the Fund was unable to liquidate a futures contract due to the absence of a liquid secondary market or the imposition of price limits, it could incur substantial losses. The Fund would continue to be subject to market risk with respect to the position.

Interest rate swap risk. Interest rate swaps are subject to interest rate risk and counterparty credit risk. An interest rate swap transaction could result in losses if the underlying interest rate does not perform as anticipated. Interest rate swaps also are subject to counterparty credit risk.

Interest rate swaps can be based on various measures of interest rates, including the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)), swap rates, treasury rates and other foreign interest rates. See IBOR risk for the risks of changes related to the use of IBORs.

A swap agreement can increase or decrease the volatility of the Fund's investments and its net asset value. The value of swaps, like many other derivatives, may move in unexpected ways and may result in losses for the Fund. As discussed above, swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities, and are, among other factors, subject to counterparty credit risk.

Because swaps may have a leverage component, adverse changes in the level of the reference rate can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Liquidity risk and interest rate risk can each contribute to significant and unanticipated losses to the Fund.

Options risk. An option is the right to buy or sell a security or other instrument, index, or commodity at a specific price on or before a specific date or on multiple dates. Options can offer large amounts of leverage, which may result in the Fund’s NAV being more sensitive to changes in the value of the underlying instrument. The Fund may purchase or write (sell) both exchange-traded options that are traded on domestic or foreign exchanges and/or OTC options. When the Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the counterparty from whom it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying investment upon exercise of the option if the terms call for physical delivery. In the event that the Fund has purchased an OTC option, failure by the counterparty to do so could result in the loss of any premium paid by the Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction. In an exchange-traded option, the exchange would step in and perform in the event of counterparty nonperformance. The Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions in exchange-listed options depends on the existence of a liquid market, and there can be no assurance that such a market will exist at any particular time. If the Fund was unable to effect a closing transaction for an option it had purchased, it would have to exercise the option to realize any profit. The inability to enter into a closing purchase transaction or an economically offsetting purchase transaction from another counterparty for a covered call option written by the Fund could cause material losses to the Fund because the Fund would, if unable to substitute other collateral, be unable to sell the investment used as cover for the written option until the option expires or is exercised.

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Swaps risk. A swap is an agreement involving the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive payments at specified dates based upon or calculated by reference to changes in specified prices or rates. The use of swap agreements entails certain risks that may be different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in the reference instrument that underlies the swap agreement. Swap agreements may have a leverage component, and adverse changes in the value or level of the reference instrument, such as an underlying asset, reference rate or index, can result in gains or losses that are substantially greater than the amount invested in the swap itself. Examples of swap agreements include, but are not limited to, equity, commodity, index or other total return swaps, foreign currency swaps, credit default swaps and interest rate swaps.

Duration risk

Duration risk is the risk that longer-duration debt securities are more likely to decline in price than shorter-duration debt securities in a rising interest rate environment. Duration is a measure of the price sensitivity of a debt security or portfolio to interest rate changes.

Emerging markets risk

Investments in countries with emerging economies or securities markets may carry greater risk than investments in more developed countries. Political and economic structures in many such countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and such countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristics of more developed countries. In addition, the economies of developing or emerging market countries may be more dependent on relatively few industries or investors that may be highly vulnerable to local and global changes and trade conditions. Further, the value of the currency of a developing or emerging market country may fluctuate more than the currencies of countries with more mature markets, and there may be difficulty related to the quality, availability and timeliness of information. In addition, the taxation systems at the federal, regional and local levels in developing or emerging market countries may be less transparent and inconsistently enforced, and subject to sudden change. Developing or emerging market countries may have a higher degree of corruption and fraud than developed market countries, as well as counterparties and financial institutions with less financial sophistication, creditworthiness and/or resources. Certain of those countries may have failed in the past to recognize private property rights and have nationalized or expropriated the assets of private companies. As a result, the risks described above, including the risks of nationalization or expropriation of assets, may be heightened. Developing or emerging market countries may have less developed legal systems allowing for enforcement of private property rights and/or redress for injuries to private property, such as bankruptcy. The ability to bring and enforce actions in developing or emerging market countries, or to obtain information needed to pursue or enforce such actions, may be limited and shareholder claims may be difficult or impossible to pursue.

In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of the Fund's investments in those countries and the availability of additional investments in those countries. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in such countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in those countries may make the Fund's investments in such countries more volatile and less liquid than investments in more developed countries, and the Fund may be required to establish special custodial or other arrangements before making certain investments in those countries. Settlement procedures in developing or emerging markets may differ from those of more established securities markets, and settlement delays may result in the inability to invest assets or to dispose of portfolio securities in a timely manner. As a result, there could be subsequent declines in the value of the portfolio security, a decrease in the level of liquidity of the portfolio or, if there is a contract to sell the security, a possible liability to the purchaser. The economies of emerging market countries may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. The repatriation of capital with regard to investments made in certain securities or countries may be restricted during certain times or even indefinitely.

Issuers in developing or emerging market countries generally may be subject to less stringent regulatory, disclosure, financial reporting, accounting, auditing and recordkeeping standards than companies in more developed countries and, as a result, the nature and quality of such information may vary. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers located in certain countries, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such issuers. In addition, certain developing or emerging market countries have material limitations on Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) inspection, investigation and enforcement capabilities which hinder the ability to engage in independent oversight or inspection of accounting firms located in or operating in certain developing or emerging markets; therefore, there is no guarantee that the quality of financial reporting or the audits conducted by audit firms of developing or emerging market issuers meet PCAOB standards. In times of market stress, regulatory authorities of different emerging market countries may apply varying techniques and degrees of intervention, which can have an effect on prices and may require that the Fund fair value its holdings in those countries.

Fixed income risk

The prices of the Fund's fixed-income securities respond to economic developments, particularly interest rate changes, as well as to perceptions about the creditworthiness of individual issuers. Generally, the Fund's fixed-income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise and vice versa. In a low interest rate environment, risks associated with rising rates are heightened. Rising interest rates tend to decrease liquidity, increase trading costs and increase volatility, all of which may make portfolio management more difficult and costly to the Fund and its shareholders. In the case of foreign securities, price fluctuations will reflect international economic and political events, as well as changes in currency valuations relative to the US dollar. Other factors may materially and adversely affect the market price and yield of such fixed-income securities, including investor demand, changes in the financial condition of the applicable

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issuer, government fiscal policy and domestic or worldwide economic conditions. In addition, certain events, such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, war, regional or global instability and other geopolitical events, have led, and may in the future lead, to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally.

Foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts risk

The Fund may use foreign currency exchange transactions and forward foreign currency contracts to hedge certain market risks (such as interest rates, currency exchange rates and broad or specific market movement). These investment techniques involve a number of risks, including the possibility of default by the counterparty to the transaction and, to the extent the Manager’s judgment as to certain market movements is incorrect, the risk of losses that are greater than if the investment technique had not been used. For example, there may be an imperfect correlation between the Fund's holdings of securities denominated in a particular currency and the forward contracts entered into by the Fund. An imperfect correlation of this type may prevent the Fund from achieving the intended hedge or expose the Fund to the risk of currency exchange loss. These investment techniques also tend to limit any potential gain that might result from an increase in the value of the hedged position.

Currency risk

Foreign securities may be denominated in foreign currencies. The value of the Fund's investments, as measured in US dollars, may be unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates and exchange control regulations. Domestic issuers that hold substantial foreign assets may be similarly affected. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency could change significantly as foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the US dollar. Currency exchange rates can be affected unpredictably by intervention, or failure to intervene, by US or foreign governments or central banks or by currency controls or political developments in the US or abroad. Devaluations of a currency by a government or banking authority also may have significant impact on the value of any investments denominated in that currency. Risks related to foreign currencies also include those related to economic or political developments, market inefficiencies or a higher risk that essential investment information may be incomplete, unavailable or inaccurate. A US dollar investment in an investment denominated in a foreign currency is subject to currency risk. Foreign currency losses could offset or exceed any potential gains, or add to losses, in the related investments. Currency markets also are generally not as regulated as securities markets. In addition, in order to transact in foreign investments, the Fund may exchange and hold foreign currencies. Regulatory fees or higher custody fees may be imposed on foreign currency holdings. The Fund may use derivatives to manage its foreign currency risk. Derivatives on non-US currencies involve a risk of loss if currency exchange rates move against the Fund, unless the derivative is a currency forward to hedge against the non-US currency movement.

Foreign government/supranational risk

Investing in foreign government obligations and the sovereign debt of emerging market countries creates exposure to the direct or indirect consequences of political, social or economic changes in the countries that issue the securities or in which the issuers are located. Such investments are subject to the risk that a government entity may delay payment, restructure its debt, or refuse to pay interest or repay principal. Factors which may influence the ability or willingness of a foreign government or country to service debt include a country’s cash flow situation, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of its debt service burden to the economy as a whole and its government’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other international agencies, the obligor’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credits and investments, fluctuations in interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. There may be no legal or bankruptcy process for collecting sovereign debt.

Foreign risk

Investing in foreign securities involves a number of economic, financial, legal, and political considerations that are not associated with the US markets and that could affect the Fund's performance unfavorably, depending upon prevailing conditions at any given time. For example, the securities markets of many foreign countries may be smaller, less liquid and subject to greater price volatility than those in the US Foreign investing also may involve brokerage costs and tax considerations that usually are not present in the US markets.

Other factors that can affect the value of the Fund's foreign investments include the comparatively weak supervision and regulation by some foreign governments of securities exchanges, brokers and issuers; the fact that many foreign companies may not be subject to uniform and/or stringent accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and related conversion costs or currency redenomination; nationalization or expropriation of assets; and custodial or other operational delays. It also may be difficult to obtain reliable information about the securities and business operations of certain foreign issuers. Settlement of portfolio transactions also may be delayed due to local restrictions or communication problems, which can cause the Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities or impair its ability to dispose of securities in a timely fashion (resulting in a loss if the value of the securities subsequently declines). World markets, or those in a particular region, all may react in similar fashion to important economic or political developments. In addition, foreign markets may perform differently than the US market. Over a given period of time, foreign securities may underperform US securities — sometimes for years.

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Securities of issuers traded on exchanges may be suspended, either by the issuers themselves, by an exchange or by governmental authorities. The likelihood of such suspensions may be higher for securities of issuers in emerging markets than in more developed markets. Trading suspensions may be applied from time to time to the securities of individual issuers for reasons specific to that issuer, or may be applied broadly by exchanges or governmental authorities in response to market events. Suspensions may last for significant periods of time, during which trading in the securities and in instruments that reference the securities, such as derivative instruments, may be halted. In the event that the Fund holds material positions in such suspended securities, the Fund's ability to liquidate its positions or provide liquidity to investors may be compromised and the Fund could incur significant losses.

To the extent that the Fund invests in sovereign debt instruments, the Fund is subject to the risk that a government or agency issuing the debt may be unable to pay interest and/or repay principal due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves or political concerns. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. Financial markets have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased volatility due to the uncertainty surrounding the sovereign debt of certain countries.

Moreover, in pursuing its investment objective, the Fund, at times, may concentrate its investment in securities of companies located in a specific geographical region. To the extent the Fund does so, it may face more risks than mutual funds with investments that are diversified around the globe. The economies and financial markets of certain regions can be interdependent and all may decline at the same time, and certain regions may face risks unique to that area. In particular:

Asia Pacific Investments — The level of development of the economies of countries in the Asia Pacific region varies greatly. Certain economies in the region may be adversely affected by increased competition, high inflation rates, undeveloped financial services sectors, currency fluctuations or restrictions, political and social instability and increased economic volatility. Natural disasters frequently occur in the region, which could drastically impact particular business operations of companies in the region or its overall economy. In addition, certain countries in the Asia Pacific region are large debtors to commercial banks and to foreign governments. The recent economic crisis has reduced the willingness of certain lenders to extend credit to these Asia Pacific countries and have made it more difficult for such borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms or at all. Due to heavy reliance on international trade, a decrease in demand would adversely affect economic performance in the region. In addition, ongoing political issues and heightened trade tensions between the US and China, including the possibility of a reduction in spending on Chinese products or services, the institution of additional tariffs or other trade barriers may have an adverse impact on the Chinese economy and potentially other economies in the region.

Central and South American Investments — High interest rates, inflation, government defaults and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any such country may have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals and metals represent a significant percentage of the region’s exports, the economies of these countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility.

European Investments — The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect EU member countries, as well as other European countries. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners, including non-member European countries.

The European financial markets recently have experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about economic downturns or rising government debt levels in several European countries, including Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain. These events have adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro. Additionally, newer member states, particularly in eastern Europe, remain burdened to various extents by certain infrastructural, bureaucratic and business inefficiencies, and their markets remain relatively undeveloped and may be particularly sensitive to political and economic developments.

The EU continues to face major issues involving its membership, structure, procedures and policies, including the successful political, economic and social integration of new member states. The current and future status of the EU continues to be the subject of political controversy, and the growth of nationalist and populist parties in national legislatures may further threaten enlargement. The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to the decision by the United Kingdom (UK) to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). The UK formally left the EU on January 31, 2020, and a “transition period,” which was intended to allow for negotiation and implementation of new trade and other cooperative agreements, expired on December 31, 2020. The long-term impact of Brexit on the relationship between the UK and the EU remains uncertain. The uncertainty concerning the relationship between the UK and the EU (as well as political divisions within the UK that have been highlighted by the 2016 Brexit referendum) could cause a period of instability and market volatility, which may adversely impact both the UK economy and the economies of other countries in Europe, as well as greater volatility in the global financial and currency markets. Brexit also may trigger additional member states to consider departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate such political and economic instability in the region. It is not possible to ascertain the precise impact these events may have on the Fund or its investments from an economic, financial, tax or regulatory perspective, but any such impact could be material.

North American Investments — A decrease in imports or exports, changes in trade regulations or an economic recession in any North American country can have a significant economic effect on the entire region. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among

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Canada, the US and Mexico, total merchandise trade among the three countries has increased. However, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, that took effect in 2020, amends aspects of NAFTA, and such changes may have a significant negative impact on a country’s economy and, consequently, the value of securities held by a Fund. In addition, political developments in the US may have implications for trade among the US, Mexico and Canada, any of which may result in additional volatility in the region. Moreover, the likelihood of further policy or legislative changes in one or more countries, may have a significant effect on North American markets generally, as well as on the value of certain securities held by a Fund when investing in this region.

Interest rate risk

The value of a debt security, mortgage-backed security or other fixed-income obligation, as well as of shares of mortgage REITs, may decline due to changes in market interest rates. Generally, when interest rates rise, the value of such a security or obligation generally decreases. Conversely, when interest rates decline, the value of such a security generally increases. Long-term debt securities, mortgage-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations generally are more sensitive to interest rate changes than short-term debt securities. The Fund may experience a decline in its income due to falling interest rates. Interest rates in the US recently have been at, and remain near, historic lows, which may increase the Fund's exposure to risks associated with rising rates. The Fund may use derivatives to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk.

Following the financial crisis that began in 2007, the Federal Reserve has attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near historic lows of zero percent. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities. It is difficult to predict the impact of these rate changes and any future rate changes or quantitative easing on various markets. Any additional changes to the monetary policy by the Federal Reserve or other regulatory actions may affect interest rates.

Market developments and other factors, including a general rise in interest rates, have the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from mutual funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities. Such a move, coupled with a reduction in the ability or willingness of dealers and other institutional investors to buy or hold fixed-income securities may result in decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed-income markets, which could cause the Fund's NAV to fluctuate more and adversely affect the Fund's return.

In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations experiences a decrease in principal value with an increase in interest rates. The extent of the decrease in principal value may be affected by the Fund's duration of its portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities and other fixed-income obligations. Duration measures the relative price sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. “Effective” duration takes into consideration the likelihood that a security will be called, or prepaid, prior to maturity given current market interest rates. Typically, a security with a longer duration is more price sensitive than a security with a shorter duration. In general, a portfolio of debt, mortgage-related and asset-backed securities experiences a percentage decrease in principal value equal to its effective duration for each 1% increase in interest rates. For example, if the Fund holds a portfolio of securities with an effective duration of five years and interest rates rise 1%, the principal value of such securities could be expected to decrease by approximately 5%.

High yield (junk bond) risk

In general, low-rated debt securities (commonly referred to as “high-yield” or “junk” bonds) offer higher yields due to the increased risk that the issuer will be unable to meet its obligations on interest or principal payments at the time called for by the debt instrument. For this reason, these securities are considered speculative and could significantly weaken the Fund's returns. In adverse economic or other circumstances, issuers of these low-rated securities and obligations are more likely to have difficulty making principal and interest payments than issuers of higher-rated securities and obligations.

In addition, these low-rated securities and obligations may fluctuate more widely in price and yield than higher-rated securities and obligations and may fall in price during times when the economy is weak or is expected to become weak. Low-rated securities and obligations also may require a greater degree of judgment to establish a price, may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund desires, and may carry higher transaction costs. Issuers of securities that are in default or have defaulted may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Fund may lose its entire investment. In addition, a defaulted obligation or other restructuring of an obligation could involve an exchange of such obligation for other debt or equity securities of the issuer or its affiliates, which may in turn be illiquid, speculative or unregistered. Low-rated securities and obligations are susceptible to such a default or decline in market value due to real or perceived adverse economic and business developments relating to the issuer, the industry in general, market interest rates and market liquidity. The market value of these securities can be volatile. Ratings of a security or obligation may not accurately reflect the actual credit risk associated with such a security. The creditworthiness of issuers of low-rated securities may be more complex to analyze than that of issuers of investment-grade debt securities.

 

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Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities risk

Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are subject to prepayment risk and extension risk. When interest rates decline, unscheduled prepayments can be expected to accelerate, shortening the average lives of such securities, and the Fund may be required to reinvest the proceeds of the prepayments at the lower interest rates then available. Unscheduled prepayments also would limit the potential for capital appreciation on mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities and may make them less effective than other fixed-income securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates, thereby reducing the Fund's income. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the values of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities generally fall. Rising interest rates typically result in decreased prepayments and longer average lives of such securities. This could cause the value of such securities to be more volatile or to decline more than other fixed-income securities, and may magnify the effect of the rate increase on the price of such securities. If the Fund purchases mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same pool, the Fund, as a holder of those securities, may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. For example, an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund as a holder of such subordinated securities, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless; the risk of such defaults generally is higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.

Certain mortgage-backed securities are US government securities. See US Government Securities Risk for the risks of these types of securities. For non-US government securities, there is the risk that payments on a security will not be made when due, or the value of such security will decline, because the security is not issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the US government or by agencies or authorities controlled or supervised by and acting as instrumentalities of the US government or supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the US government.

Portfolio turnover risk

Frequent buying and selling of investments involve higher costs to the Fund and may affect the Fund's performance over time. High rates of portfolio turnover may result in the realization of net short-term capital gains. The payment of taxes on distributions of these gains could adversely affect a shareholder’s after-tax return on its investment in the Fund. Any distributions attributable to such net gains will be taxed as ordinary income for federal income tax purposes. Factors that can lead to short-term trading include market volatility, a significant positive or negative development concerning a security, an attempt to maintain the Fund's market capitalization target, and the need to sell a security to meet redemption activity.

Geographic focus risk

Focusing on a particular geographical region or country involves increased currency, political, regulatory and other risks. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in a particular geographical region or country, economic, political, social and environmental conditions in that region or country will have a greater effect on Fund performance than they would in a more geographically diversified equity fund and the Fund's performance may be more volatile than the performance of a more geographically diversified fund.

US government securities risk

Certain US government securities such as Treasury securities and securities issued by Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. Other securities that are issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities or by US government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. For example, securities issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the FHLB are not backed by the full faith and credit of the US government and, instead, may be supported only by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury or by the credit of the issuer. As a result, such securities are subject to greater credit risk than securities backed by the full faith and credit of the US government.

The Fund may invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the Treasury under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently. The market prices of STRIPS generally are more volatile than those of Treasury bills with comparable maturities.

ESG investing risk

ESG investing risk is the risk that a fund’s strategy may exclude securities of certain issuers for non-financial reasons and the fund may forgo some market opportunities available to funds that do not integrate ESG factors in investment decisions. In addition, there is a risk that the companies identified by a fund’s ESG factors will not operate as expected when addressing ESG issues or they will not exhibit positive ESG characteristics as intended.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the possibility that investments cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. Illiquid investments may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in market value. A fund also may not be able to dispose of illiquid investments at a favorable time or price during periods of infrequent trading of an illiquid investment.

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There is generally no established retail secondary market for high yield securities. As a result, the secondary market for high yield securities is more limited and less liquid than other secondary securities markets. The high yield secondary market is particularly susceptible to liquidity problems when institutional investors, such as mutual funds, and certain other financial institutions, temporarily stop buying bonds for regulatory, financial, or other reasons. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions may also disrupt the secondary market for high yield securities.

IBOR risk

The risk that changes related to the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or similar interbank offered rates (“IBORs,” such as the Euro Overnight Index Average (EONIA)) could have adverse impacts on financial instruments that reference such rates. While some instruments may contemplate a scenario where LIBOR or a similar rate is no longer available by providing for an alternative rate setting methodology, not all instruments have such fallback provisions and the effectiveness of replacement rates is uncertain. The abandonment of LIBOR and similar rates could affect the value and liquidity of instruments that reference such rates, especially those that do not have fallback provisions. The use of alternative reference rate products may impact investment strategy performance.

Government and regulatory risk

Governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect various sectors of the securities markets and affect fund performance. Government involvement in the private sector may, in some cases, include government investment in, or ownership of, companies in certain commercial business sectors; wage and price controls; or imposition of trade barriers and other protectionist measures. For example, an economic or political crisis may lead to price controls, forced mergers of companies, expropriation, the creation of government monopolies, foreign exchange controls, the introduction of new currencies (and the redenomination of financial obligations into those currencies), or other measures that could be detrimental to the investments of a fund.

Active management and selection risk

The Manager applies the Fund's investment strategies and selects securities for the Fund in seeking to achieve the Fund's investment objective(s). There can be no guarantee that its decisions will produce the desired results, and securities selected by the Fund may not perform as well as the securities held by other mutual funds with investment objectives that are similar to the investment objective(s) of the Fund. In general, investment decisions made by the Manager may not produce the anticipated returns, may cause the Fund's shares to lose value or may cause the Fund to perform less favorably than other mutual funds with similar investment objectives.

Non-Principal Risks. In addition to the Principal Risks identified above, an investment in Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund may be subject to other, non-principal risks, including the following:

Investment company securities risk

The risks of investment in other investment companies typically reflect the risks of the types of securities in which the investment companies invest. As a shareholder in an investment company, the Fund would bear its pro rata share of that investment company’s expenses, which could result in the duplication of certain fees, including management and administrative fees. The Fund may invest in ETFs as a means of tracking the performance of a designated stock index while maintaining liquidity or to gain exposure to precious metals and other commodities without purchasing them directly. Since many ETFs are a type of investment company, the Fund's purchases of shares of such ETFs are subject to the Fund's investment restrictions regarding investments in other investment companies.

ETFs have a market price that reflects a specified fraction of the value of the designated index or underlying basket of commodities or commodities futures and are exchange-traded. As with other equity securities transactions, brokers charge a commission in connection with the purchase and sale of shares of ETFs. In addition, an asset management fee is charged in connection with the management of the ETF’s portfolio (which is in addition to the investment management fee paid by the Fund).

Investments in an ETF generally present the same primary risks as investments in conventional funds, which are not exchange-traded. The price of an ETF can fluctuate, and the Fund could lose money investing in an ETF. In addition, ETFs are subject to the following risks that do not apply to conventional funds: (i) the market price of an ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to its NAV; (ii) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; or (iii) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange officials determine such action to be appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, or the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally.

Enhanced or inverse return ETFs present greater opportunities for investment gains, but also present correspondingly greater risk of loss. Inverse or “short” ETFs seek to deliver performance that is opposite of the performance of a market benchmark (e.g., if the benchmark goes down by 1%, the ETF will go up by 1%), typically using a combination of derivative strategies. Inverse ETFs seek to profit from falling market prices and will lose money if the market benchmark index goes up in value. Leveraged ETFs seek to provide returns that are a multiple of a stated benchmark, typically using a combination of derivative strategies. Like other forms of leverage, leveraged ETFs increase risk exposure relative to the amount invested and can lead to significantly greater losses than a

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comparable unleveraged portfolio. These ETFs are complex, carry substantial risk, and generally are used to increase or decrease the Fund's exposure to the underlying index on a short-term basis. Most leveraged ETFs reset daily and seek to achieve their objectives on a daily basis and holding these ETFs for longer than one day may produce unexpected results. Due to compounding, performance over longer periods can differ significantly from the performance of the underlying index, particularly when the benchmark index experiences large ups and downs. Ownership of an ETF results in the Fund bearing its proportionate share of the ETF’s fees and expenses and proportionate exposure to the risks associated with the ETF’s underlying investments.

Natural disaster and epidemic risk

Natural disaster and epidemic risk is the risk that the value of a fund’s investments may be negatively affected by natural disasters, epidemics, or similar events. Natural or environmental disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, and other severe weather-related phenomena generally, and widespread disease, including pandemics and epidemics, have been and can be highly disruptive to economies and markets, adversely impacting individual companies, sectors, industries, markets, currencies, interest and inflation rates, credit ratings, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region are increasingly likely to adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries. These disruptions could prevent a fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner and could negatively impact the fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Preferred stock risk

Preferred stock is a type of stock that pays a cumulative, fixed dividend that is senior to the dividends paid on the common stock of the issuer. Preferred stock may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred stock is subject to issuer-specific and market risks applicable generally to equity securities. In addition, a company’s preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. Preferred stock also is subject to credit risk with regard to the ability of the issuer to pay the dividend established upon issuance of the preferred stock.

Redemption risk

The Fund may experience periods of heavy redemptions that could cause the Fund to sell assets at inopportune times or at a loss or depressed value. Redemption risk is heightened during periods of declining or illiquid markets. Heavy redemptions could hurt the Fund's performance.

Industry and sector risk

At times, the Fund may have a significant portion of its assets invested in securities of companies conducting business in a broadly related group of industries within an economic sector. Individual sectors may be more volatile, and may perform differently, than the broader market. Companies in the same economic sector may be similarly affected by economic or market events, making the Fund more vulnerable to unfavorable developments in that economic sector than mutual funds that invest more broadly.

Securities lending risk

Securities lending involves a risk of loss because the borrower may fail to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. If the Fund that lent its securities were unable to recover the securities loaned, it may sell the collateral and purchase a replacement security in the market. Lending securities entails a risk of loss to the Fund if and to the extent that the market value of the loaned securities increases and the collateral is not increased accordingly. Cash received as collateral for loaned securities may be invested, and such investment is subject to market appreciation or depreciation, with the Fund bearing any loss.

Disclosure of portfolio holdings information

A description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of their portfolio securities is available in the SAI.

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Who manages the Funds

Investment manager

The Manager, located at 100 Independence, 610 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106-2354, is the Funds’ investment manager. Together, the Manager and the subsidiaries of Macquarie Management Holdings, Inc. (MMHI) manage, as of December 31, 2021, $261.3 billion in assets, including mutual funds, separate accounts, and other investment vehicles. The Manager and its predecessors have been managing Delaware Funds since 1938. The Manager is a series of Macquarie Investment Management Business Trust (a Delaware statutory trust), which is a subsidiary of MMHI. MMHI is a wholly owned subsidiary of Macquarie Group Limited. The Manager makes investment decisions for the Funds, manages the Funds’ business affairs, and provides daily administrative services. On April 30, 2021, Macquarie Management Holdings, Inc., the US holding company for Macquarie Group Limited’s US asset management business, acquired the investment management business of Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., including Ivy Investment Management Company, the Funds’ prior investment manager. For its services to the Funds, the Funds’ prior investment manager and the Manager were paid an aggregate fee, net of fee waivers (if applicable) during the last fiscal year as follows:

       

 

As a percentage of average daily net assets

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

 

 

0.08%

 
Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

 

 

0.13%

 
Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund

 

 

0.47%

 
Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund

 

 

0.29%

 
Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund

 

 

0.34%

 
Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund

 

 

0.50%

 
Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund

 

 

0.55%

 
Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund

 

 

0.77%

 
Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

 

 

0.63%

 
Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund

 

 

0.56%

 
Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

 

 

0.72%

 

The Manager has agreed to voluntarily waive and/or reimburse fees to the extent necessary to assist the Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund in attempting to maintain a yield of at least 0.00%. Such yield waivers and reimbursements are voluntary and could change or be terminated at any time at the discretion of the Manager. There is no guarantee that the Fund will maintain a positive yield.

A discussion of the basis for the Board’s approval of the Funds’ investment advisory agreement with the Funds’ prior investment manager is available in the annual report dated September 30, 2020. A discussion of the basis for the Board’s approval of the Funds’ current investment advisory agreement is available in the Funds’ annual report to shareholders for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021.

Sub-advisors

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG

Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), located at Kaerntner Strasse 28, 1010 Vienna, Austria, is an affiliate of the Manager and a part of Macquarie Investment Management (MIM). MIM is the marketing name for certain companies comprising the asset management division of Macquarie Group Limited. As of December 31, 2021, MIM managed more than $380.1 billion in assets for institutional and individual clients. MIMAK is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund's portfolio. Although MIMAK serves as a sub-advisor for Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund, the Manager has ultimate responsibility for all investment advisory services. In addition, for Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund, the Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from MIMAK and the Manager may also permit MIMAK to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize MIMAK's specialized market knowledge. The Manager has entered into a separate sub-advisory agreement with MIMAK and compensates MIMAK out of the investment advisory fees it receives from the Fund.

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited

Macquarie Investment Management Global Limited (MIMGL), located at 50 Martin Place, Sydney, Australia, is an affiliate of the Manager and a part of MIM. MIMGL is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund's portfolio. Although the Manager has principal responsibility for the Manager’s portion of each Fund, for Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund, the Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from MIMGL and the Manager may also permit MIMGL to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment

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discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize MIMGL’s specialized market knowledge. The Manager has entered into a separate sub-advisory agreement with MIMGL and compensates MIMGL out of the investment advisory fees it receives from the Fund.

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited

Macquarie Investment Management Europe Limited (MIMEL), located at 28 Ropemaker Street, London, England, is an affiliate of the Manager and a part of MIM. Although the Manager has principal responsibility for the Manager’s portion of each Fund, the Manager may seek investment advice and recommendations from MIMEL and the Manager may also permit MIMEL to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager and exercise investment discretion for securities in certain markets where the Manager believes it will be beneficial to utilize MIMEL’s specialized market knowledge.

Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited

Macquarie Funds Management Hong Kong Limited (MFMHKL), located at Level 18, One International Finance Centre, One Harbour View Street, Central, Hong Kong. MFMHKL is an affiliate of the Manager and a part of MIM. Although the Manager has principal responsibility for the Manager’s portion of Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund, the Manager may permit MFMHKL to execute Fund security trades on behalf of the Manager. 

A discussion of the basis for the Board's approval of each sub-advisory contract will be available in a future report to shareholders.

Portfolio managers

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

Gregory A. Gizzi, Stephen J. Czepiel, and Jake van Roden have day-to-day responsibilities for making investment decisions for the Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund.

Gregory A. Gizzi Managing Director, Head of Municipal Bonds, Senior Portfolio Manager
Gregory A. Gizzi is head of municipal bonds for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) in the Americas, a role he assumed in February 2019. In this role, he is responsible for the overall operation of the strategy and is team lead on several of the tax-exempt strategies. Additionally, Gizzi continues to be responsible for MFI's taxable municipal business and the marketing efforts for the municipal product. Previously, Gizzi was co-portfolio manager of the firm's municipal bond funds and several client accounts, a role he held since November 2011. Before joining Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in January 2008 as head of municipal bond trading, he spent six years as a vice president at Lehman Brothers for the firm's tax-exempt institutional sales effort. Prior to that, he spent two years trading corporate bonds for UBS before joining Lehman Brothers in a sales capacity. Gizzi has more than 20 years of trading experience in the municipal securities industry, beginning at Kidder Peabody in 1984, where he started as a municipal bond trader and worked his way up to institutional block trading desk manager. He later worked in the same capacity at Dillon Read. Gizzi earned his Bachelor's degree in economics from Harvard University.

Stephen J. Czepiel Managing Director, Head of Municipal Bonds Portfolio Management, Senior Portfolio Manager
Stephen J. Czepiel leads the portfolio management of the firm's municipal bonds strategies for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) in the Americas, a role he assumed in February 2019. He is a co-portfolio manager of the firm's municipal bond funds and client accounts, a role he has held since August 2007. He joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in July 2004 as a senior bond trader. Previously, he was vice president at both Mesirow Financial and Loop Capital Markets. He began his career in the securities industry in 1982 as a municipal bond trader at Kidder Peabody and now has more than 20 years of experience in the municipal securities industry. Czepiel earned his Bachelor's degree in finance and economics from Duquesne University.

Jake van Roden Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager
Jake van Roden is a member of the municipal bond department within Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) in the Americas. He is a portfolio manager for MFI's nine open-end state-specific municipal bond funds, as well as for several municipal bond client accounts, a role he assumed in December 2017. In February 2019, his portfolio management role expanded to include MFI's closed-end municipal bond funds and the three national municipal open-end funds. He joined the municipal department in July 2004 as a generalist and became head of municipal trading in December 2012. Before that, van Roden interned at Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in the client services department. He received a Bachelor's degree in American studies with a minor in government from Franklin & Marshall College.

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

Stephen M. Juszczyszyn and Kathleen (Marnell) Burst have day-to-day responsibilities for making investment decisions for the Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund.

Stephen M. Juszczyszyn Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager
Stephen M. Juszczyszyn is a senior portfolio manager for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI), with primary responsibility for portfolio construction and asset allocation of structured products strategies. He is responsible for research analysis, trading, and portfolio management for MFI’s structured products including mortgage-backed securities (MBS), commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), and asset-backed securities (ABS) across

165


 

Who manages the Funds

all core, core plus, multi-sector, limited-term, and insurance strategies. He became head of structured products in February 2019. Juszczyszyn has more than 25 years of experience as a fixed income portfolio manager, trader, and analyst specializing in structured products and has been with the firm for more than 20 years. He rejoined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2007 as a vice president and senior structured products analyst / trader and previously worked at the firm from 1991 to 2001, leaving as a senior fixed income trader and assistant portfolio manager. Prior to rejoining the firm, he worked at Sovereign Bank Capital Markets as the director of fixed income trading. He earned his bachelor’s degree in finance from La Salle University and an MBA with a concentration in finance from Saint Joseph’s University.

Kathleen (Marnell) Burst Vice President, Portfolio Manager Kathleen Burst is a portfolio manager for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI), a role she assumed in June 2019. She is primarily responsible for short-term investments. Additionally, her responsibilities include executing trade strategies for the firm’s short-term trading desk, a role she has held since 1994. Previously, she spent seven years in the firm’s investment accounting and dealer services departments. She earned a Bachelor’s degree in accounting and management from La Salle University.

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund and Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund

Michael G. Wildstein, Wayne A. Anglace, and Kashif Ishaq have primary responsibility for making day-to-day investment decisions for the Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund and Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund.

Michael G. Wildstein, CFA Senior Managing Director, Head of US Credit and Insurance
Michael G. Wildstein is head of US credit and insurance for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI). He manages corporate credit-related portfolios. Before joining the team, he was a senior corporate bond analyst for MFI, focused on the telecommunications sector for high-grade and high yield portfolios. Prior to joining Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2007 as a senior research analyst, Wildstein spent five years at Merrill Lynch Investment Managers in various roles that included portfolio manager for the core bond team, corporate bond research analyst, and corporate bond trader. Prior to this, Wildstein worked in finance, corporate strategy, and business development with several firms including RCN Corporation and AT&T Local Services. He earned an MBA from Drexel University and a bachelor’s degree from the University of Tampa.

Wayne A. Anglace, CFA Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager
Wayne A. Anglace currently serves as a senior portfolio manager for the firm’s corporate and convertible bond strategies within Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI). Prior to joining Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2007 as a research analyst for the firm’s high grade, high yield, and convertible bond portfolios, he spent more than two years as a research analyst at Gartmore Global Investments for its convertible bond strategy. From 2000 to 2004, Anglace worked in private client research at Deutsche Bank Alex. Brown in Baltimore, where he focused on equity research, and he started his financial services career with Ashbridge Investment Management in 1999. Prior to moving to the financial industry, Anglace worked as a professional civil engineer. He earned his Bachelor’s degree in civil engineering from Villanova University and an MBA with a concentration in finance from Saint Joseph’s University, and he is a member of the CFA Society of Philadelphia.

Kashif Ishaq Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager
Kashif Ishaq is a senior portfolio manager across Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income’s (MFI) US Corporate Bond strategies. He manages corporate bond exposure within MFI’s portfolios which include performing relative value analysis across different issuers, corporate curves and capital structures as well as risk surveillance. Given his experience in trading and risk systems, he has oversight for our corporate credit traders and maintains our key broker/dealer relationships. He started his fixed income career with Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) as a portfolio analyst on the firm’s insurance portfolio management team before taking a position as an investment grade trader. Previously, he participated in Lincoln Financial Group’s rotational Professional Development Program. He started the program as a financial analyst in the Hartford office, followed by a position in information technology, and lastly he spent a year in the client services department of Delaware Investments. Ishaq received his Bachelor’s degree in corporate finance and accounting from Bentley College.

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund

Alex Kozhemiakin and Mansur Z. Rasul have primary responsibility for making day-to-day investment decisions for the Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund.

Alex Kozhemiakin, CFA Managing Director, Head of Emerging Markets Debt
Alex Kozhemiakin is head of the Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) Emerging Markets Debt team. He has overall responsibility for the team, which manages the full spectrum of emerging markets debt solutions including sovereign, local currency, and corporate. Prior to joining Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in December 2018, Kozhemiakin was the head of emerging markets debt at Standish Mellon Asset Management from 2007 to 2016. Before that, he also worked as an emerging markets debt portfolio manager at Putnam Investments and as a sovereign analyst at Citibank. Kozhemiakin’s research on fixed income has been published in leading finance journals. He has had a postdoctoral fellowship in International Relations and National Security Studies at Harvard University, and he holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Illinois.

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Mansur Z. Rasul Senior Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager
Mansur Z. Rasul is a senior portfolio manager for the emerging markets credit strategy within Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI), a role he assumed in July 2016. He rejoined the firm in April 2012 as head of emerging markets trading for MFI. During his previous time at Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) from 2004 to 2007, he was an analyst for MFI. From May 2011 to December 2011, Rasul worked with ING Financial Markets, where he was responsible for emerging markets credit trading and structuring. Prior to that, he worked for Daiwa Capital Markets America as director of the firm’s fixed income syndicate, responsible for the placement of all fixed income products to US-based accounts from 2009 to 2011. Previously, he worked with Merrill Lynch as an associate responsible for Asian credit trading from 2007 to 2009. Rasul received his bachelor’s degree in economics, with a minor in political science, from Northwestern University.

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund

Brian Scotto and Eric Frei are the lead portfolio managers primarily responsible for the overall day-to-day management of the Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund.

Brian M. Scotto Senior Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager
Brian M. Scotto is a senior portfolio manager for the Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) Global Rates and Currency Team, where he is responsible for US and Canadian interest rate strategy. He is also responsible for trading government and agency securities, foreign exchange, as well as interest rate futures and options. He joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in 2002, and prior to moving to MFI, he was vice president and product manager for the firm’s value, international, and core mutual funds. Scotto received his bachelor’s degree in accounting and an MBA with a concentration in finance from La Salle University.

Eric Frei, CMT Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager
Eric Frei is senior portfolio manager for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI), with responsibility for managing fixed income separately managed account (SMA) strategies. In addition, he manages sector rotation and security selection between Treasurys and agencies. Frei joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in April 2011 as part of the firm’s integration of Macquarie Allegiance Capital, responsible for trading government securities for SMA portfolios as well as portfolio management and asset allocation of the firm’s aggregate-duration, intermediate-duration, and low-duration products. He began his career in the financial services industry in 1997 as a mutual fund trader with CNA Trust, later joining Macquarie Allegiance in 1999. He earned a Bachelor’s degree in management science from the University of California at San Diego. 

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund

Adam H. Brown and John P. McCarthy have primary responsibility for making day-to-day investment decisions for the Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund.

Adam H. Brown, CFA Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager
Adam H. Brown is a senior portfolio manager for the firm’s high yield strategies within Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI). He manages MFI’s bank loan portfolios and is a co-portfolio manager for the high yield, fixed rate multisector, and core plus strategies. Brown joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in April 2011 as part of the firm’s integration of Macquarie Four Corners Capital Management, where he had worked since 2002. At Four Corners, he was a co-portfolio manager on the firm’s collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) and a senior research analyst supporting noninvestment grade portfolios. Before that, Brown was with the predecessor of Wells Fargo Securities, where he worked in the leveraged finance group arranging senior secured bank loans and high yield bond financings for financial sponsors and corporate issuers. He earned an MBA from the A.B. Freeman School of Business at Tulane University and a Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from the University of Florida.

John P. McCarthy, CFA Managing Director, Senior Portfolio Manager
John P. McCarthy is a senior portfolio manager for the Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) high yield strategies, a role he assumed in July 2016. From December 2012 to June 2016, he was co-head of credit research for MFI. McCarthy rejoined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2007 as a senior research analyst, after he worked in the firm’s fixed income area from 1990 to 2000 as a senior high yield analyst and high yield trader, and from 2001 to 2002 as a municipal bond trader. Prior to rejoining the firm, he was a senior high yield analyst/trader at Chartwell Investment Partners. McCarthy earned a bachelor’s degree in business administration from Babson College, and he is a member of the CFA Society of Philadelphia.

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund

Joseph Devine, Stephan Maikkula, and Gabriel Wallach have primary responsibility for making day-to-day investment decisions for the Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund since November 2021.

Joseph Devine Managing Director, Chief Investment Officer — Global Small Cap Equity
Joseph Devine joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2016 as head of the Global Small Cap Equity team. Previously, he worked at UBS Asset Management from July 2007 to February 2016, first as senior portfolio manager and then as head of the Global ex-US Growth Equities team. Prior to UBS, Devine worked at Nicholas-Applegate Capital Management from July 2005 to July 2007 as lead portfolio manager for the Emerging Markets and Pacific Rim

167


 

Who manages the Funds

portfolios of the International Growth team. Prior to that, he was an Asian equity analyst at Duncan-Hurst Capital Management. Devine was also responsible for the firm's Global Emerging Markets portfolio. He previously held trading positions at Peregrine Investment Holdings in the Philippines and Singapore, and at Credit Suisse First Boston in Hong Kong and Singapore. Devine earned a bachelor's degree at the University of Southern California and an MBA at the Marshall School of Business at the University of Southern California.

Stephan Maikkula, CFA, CMT Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager
Stephan Maikkula joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2016 as a portfolio manager for the Global Small Cap Equity team. Previously, he worked at UBS Asset Management from July 2007 to February 2016 in various investment roles, leaving the firm as a portfolio manager on the Global ex-US Growth Equities team. Prior to UBS, Maikkula worked at Nicholas-Applegate Capital Management as a generalist on the firm's International Growth team, where he covered Europe. Previously, he was an analyst and portfolio manager with the Employees Retirement System of Texas. Prior to that, Maikkula was a portfolio manager for the MBA Investment Fund and an investment analyst intern at the Teacher Retirement System of Texas. He also worked for Cargill for six years in various commodity merchandising roles, providing fundamental and technical analysis of commodity markets. Maikkula earned a bachelor's degree at St. John's University and an MBA at the University of Texas at Austin. He is a member of the CFA Institute and the Market Technicians Association.

Gabriel Wallach Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager
Gabriel Wallach joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in August 2016 as a portfolio manager for the Global Small Cap Equity team. Previously, Wallach was a portfolio manager at North Grove Capital, a company he founded in August 2014 focused on emerging markets equities. From April 2004 to May 2014, he was chief investment officer, global emerging markets equities at BNP Paribas Investment Partners managing several strategies, including global emerging markets equities, frontier markets equities, and regional funds investing in Latin America, Asia, and Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA), respectively. Before that, Wallach worked at Baring Asset Management from 1997 to 2003, first as head of Latin American equities and left the firm as a senior portfolio manager with the US Equity team. Previously, he was a senior analyst at Fiduciary Trust Company, where he primarily focused on Latin America. Wallach earned his bachelor's degree in economics from Hampshire College.

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

Stefan Löwenthal, Jürgen Wurzer and Aaron D. Young are primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund.

Stefan Löwenthal, CFA Managing Director, Chief Investment Officer — Global Multi Asset Team
Stefan Löwenthal is the chief investment officer for Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK), a role he assumed in February 2013. He heads the global multi asset team based in Vienna, which is responsible for all asset allocation and security selection decisions, the management of mutual funds, as well as the development of new investment strategies. In addition, Löwenthal oversees the investment policy committee, which is responsible for strategic investment decisions at MIMAK. He began his career with Macquarie in February 2008 as a portfolio manager. He holds a Master of Management Science from Vienna University of Economics and Business. Löwenthal is a lecturer for economics at the IMC University of applied sciences in Krems (Austria) and the Qiongzhou University in Sanya (China).

Jürgen Wurzer, CFA Senior Vice President, Deputy Head of Portfolio Management, Senior Investment Manager — Global Multi Asset Team
Jürgen Wurzer rejoined Macquarie Investment Management Austria Kapitalanlage AG (MIMAK) in April 2018 as deputy head of portfolio management for the firm’s global multi asset team based in Vienna. Prior to that, he worked at Erste Asset Management as a senior fund manager on the multi asset management team, where he worked from September 2016 to March 2018. Wurzer previously worked at MIMAK from January 2007 to August 2016, leaving the firm as senior investment manager on the global multi asset team. He graduated from University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt with a master’s degree. Wurzer is a lecturer for asset allocation, quantitative finance, portfolio, and risk management at several educational institutions.

Aaron D. Young Vice President, Portfolio Manager 
Aaron D. Young is vice president and portfolio manager for Ivy Investments, now part of Macquarie Asset Management’s Delaware Management Company. He joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) as part of the firm’s April 30, 2021 acquisition (Transaction) of the investment management business of Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., the parent company of Ivy Investment Management Company (IICO), the former investment advisor of the Transaction Funds. He joined IICO in 2005 as a fixed income analyst with an emphasis in credit research and derivative securities. He joined the Asset Strategy team at IICO as an investment analyst in 2007. He had served as an assistant portfolio manager for investment companies managed by IICO (or its affiliates) since 2012 and has been a portfolio manager on the multi-asset investment team since 2016. He earned a bachelor’s degree in philosophy from the University of Missouri and holds an MBA with an emphasis in finance and strategy from the Olin School of Business at Washington University. 

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund

J. David Hillmeyer and Daniela Mardarovici are the lead portfolio managers primarily responsible for the overall day-to-day management of the Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund. When making decisions for the Fund, Mr. Hillmeyer and Ms. Mardarovici regularly consult with other investment professionals.

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J. David Hillmeyer, CFA Senior Managing Director, Co-Head of US Multisector Fixed Income
J. David Hillmeyer co-leads the firm's US Multisector Fixed Income team for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) with responsibility for investment strategy and business development across the full suite of US multisector strategies. In addition, Hillmeyer has responsibility for our global credit strategies. Hillmeyer is also a member of MFI's Global Leadership Group which is responsible for the overall management of MFI including setting and executing on the team's strategic vision. Prior to joining Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in August 2007 as a vice president and corporate bond trader, he worked for more than 11 years in various roles at Hartford Investment Management Company, including senior corporate bond trader, high yield portfolio manager / trader, and quantitative analyst. He began his career as an investment advisor in January 1989 at Shawmut Bank, leaving the firm as an investment officer in November 1995. Hillmeyer earned his bachelor's degree from Colorado State University, and he is a member of the CFA Society of Philadelphia and the Philadelphia Council for Business Economics.

Daniela Mardarovici, CFA Managing Director, Co-Head of US Multisector Fixed Income
Daniela Mardarovici co-leads the firm's US Multisector Fixed Income efforts for Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) with responsibility for investment and business strategy for the full suite of US multisector solutions. Mardarovici is also a member of MFI's Global Leadership Group which is responsible for the overall management of MFI including setting and executing the team's strategic vision. Prior to joining Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in March 2019, she spent more than 13 years at BMO Global Asset Management as a senior investment leader. Since 2014, she was a member of the management committee of Taplin, Canida & Habacht (TCH), BMO's US fixed income group, and helped lead business strategy and development efforts. In addition, Mardarovici was responsible for driving investment strategy and managing institutional portfolios and mutual funds across a wide spectrum of strategies, including core, core plus, credit, multisector, and liability-driven investing (LDI). Previously, she managed taxable fixed income strategies and led investment management efforts for mortgage-backed securities at Harris Investment Management. She started her career in 2000 as a proprietary trader at Gelber Group. In 2018, Mardarovici was named one of the top 20 female portfolio managers by CityWire. She graduated magna cum laude with a major in economics and finance/banking from the University of Nebraska at Omaha. She is a member of the CFA Society New York and the CFA Institute.

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

Andrew Vonthethoff and Matthew Mulcahy are primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund.

Andrew Vonthethoff, CFA Senior Vice President, Senior Portfolio Manager

Andrew Vonthethoff is a portfolio manager for the Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) credit and multi-sector strategies. He is also a portfolio manager for the Macquarie Dynamic Bond Fund and Macquarie Income Opportunities Fund. Since transferring from the MFI quantitative and markets research team in 2010, Vonthethoff has been responsible for portfolio management, including global relative value, sector rotation, and security selection. Vonthethoff joined the firm in 2008 as a quantitative analyst, and was involved in building and maintaining financial models as well as providing general quantitative and systems support across MFI. Vonthethoff earned a Bachelor of Commerce (Actuarial Studies and Finance) from the University of New South Wales.

Matthew Mulcahy Managing Director, Head of Rates and Currency

Matthew Mulcahy leads the Macquarie Asset Management Fixed Income (MFI) Global Rates and Currency team. He is also a lead portfolio manager of the Macquarie Australian Fixed Interest Fund and Macquarie Dynamic Bond and co-manages MFI’s Australian fixed interest portfolios. Mulcahy’s experience and expertise has contributed to MFI’s investment strategies across all the cash and fixed income solutions globally. Mulcahy joined Macquarie Asset Management (MAM) in 2015, and before that he spent nine years as a senior portfolio manager at PIMCO and was also a member of the Macro Strategic Trading Team at UBS. He holds a Bachelor of Business in Accounting and Finance from the University of Technology Sydney.

The SAI provides additional information about each portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio manager’s ownership of Fund shares.

Manager of managers structure

The Funds and the Manager have received an exemptive order from the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to operate under a manager of managers structure that permits the Manager, with the approval of the Funds’ Board, to appoint and replace both affiliated and unaffiliated sub-advisors, and to enter into and make material amendments to the related sub-advisory contracts on behalf of the Funds without shareholder approval (Manager of Managers Structure). Under the Manager of Managers Structure, the Manager has ultimate responsibility, subject to oversight by the Board, for overseeing the Funds’ sub-advisors and recommending to the Board their hiring, termination, or replacement.

The Manager of Managers Structure enables the Funds to operate with greater efficiency and without incurring the expense and delays associated with obtaining shareholder approvals for matters relating to sub-advisors or sub-advisory agreements. The Manager of Managers Structure does not permit an increase in the overall management and advisory fees payable by the Funds without shareholder approval. Shareholders will be notified of the hiring of any new sub-advisor within 90 days of the hiring.

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Who manages the Funds

Who’s who

Board of trustees: A mutual fund is governed by a board of trustees, which has oversight responsibility for the management of the fund’s business affairs. Trustees establish procedures and oversee and review the performance of the fund’s service providers.

Investment manager: An investment manager is a company responsible for selecting portfolio investments consistent with the objective and policies stated in the mutual fund’s prospectus. A written contract between a mutual fund and its investment manager specifies the services the investment manager performs and the fee the manager is entitled to receive.

Portfolio managers: Portfolio managers make investment decisions for individual portfolios.

Distributor: Most mutual funds continuously offer new shares to the public through distributors that are regulated as broker/dealers and are subject to the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) rules governing mutual fund sales practices.

Service agent: Mutual fund companies employ service agents (sometimes called transfer agents) to maintain records of shareholder accounts, calculate and disburse dividends and capital gains, and prepare and mail shareholder statements and tax information, among other functions. Many service agents also provide administrative services to a fund and oversight of other fund service providers. Accounting services agents provide services such as calculating a fund’s net asset value (NAV) and providing financial reporting information for the fund. Please note, the Bank of New York Mellon also provides fund accounting and financial administration services to certain of the Transaction Funds.

Custodian: Mutual funds are legally required to protect their portfolio securities, and most funds place them with a qualified bank custodian that segregates fund securities from other bank assets.

Financial intermediary: Financial professionals provide advice to their clients. They are associated with securities broker/dealers who have entered into selling and/or service arrangements with the distributor. Selling broker/dealers and financial professionals are compensated for their services generally through sales commissions, and through 12b-1 fees and/or service fees deducted from a fund’s assets.

Shareholders: Mutual fund shareholders have specific voting rights on matters such as material changes in the terms of a fund’s management contract and changes to fundamental investment policies.

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About your account

Investing in the Funds

Choosing a share class

Each class of shares offered in this Prospectus has its own sales charge, if any, and expense structure. The decision as to which class of shares of a Fund is best suited to your needs depends on a number of factors that you should discuss with your financial advisor. Some factors to consider are how much you plan to invest and how long you plan to hold your investment. If you are investing a substantial amount and plan to hold your shares for a long time, Class A shares may be the most appropriate for you. If you are investing a lesser amount over a shorter term, you may want to consider Class C shares (if investing for fewer than five years). Class C shares are not available for investments of $1 million or more. Such requests to purchase Class C shares automatically will be treated as a request to purchase Class A shares. Class I shares, Class R6 shares, and Class Y shares are described below.

Since your objectives may change over time, you may want to consider another class when you buy additional Fund shares. All of your future investments in a Fund will be made in the class you select when you open your account, unless you inform the Fund otherwise, in writing, when you make a future investment.

General Comparison of Class A and Class C Shares

Class A

Class C

Initial sales charge

No initial sales charge

1.00% deferred sales charge​1

A 1% deferred sales charge on shares you sell within 12 months after purchase

Maximum distribution and service (12b-1) fees of 0.25%

Maximum distribution and service (12b-1) fees of 1.00%

Converts to Class A shares eight years from the month in which the shares were purchased, thus reducing future annual expenses

For an investment of $1 million or more, only Class A shares are available

Individuals investing $1 million or more may not purchase Class C shares. Such requests to purchase Class C shares automatically will be treated as a request to purchase Class A shares

1 You will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem Class A shares purchased after July 1, 2021 that are subject to a CDSC within the 18 months after your purchase, unless a specific waiver of the Limited CDSC applies.

The availability of certain sales charge waivers and discounts may depend on whether you purchase your shares through a financial intermediary. Different intermediaries may impose different sales charges (including potential reduction in or waivers of sales charges) other than those listed below. Such intermediary-specific sales charge variations are described in the “Broker-defined sales charge waiver policies” section in this Prospectus.

Each Fund has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan (Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for each of its Class A, Class C, and Class Y shares (as applicable), except that Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund Class A shares do not have a plan. Class I shares and Class R6 shares are not covered under the Plan. Such Plans permit the Funds to pay marketing and other fees to support the sale and distribution of each Class of shares as well as the services provided to shareholders by their financial advisors or financial intermediaries. Under the Plan, a Fund may pay the Distributor a fee of up to 0.25%, on an annual basis, of the average daily net assets of that Fund’s Class A shares. This fee is to compensate the Distributor for, either directly or through third parties, distributing the Fund’s Class A shares, providing personal service to Class A shareholders and/or maintaining Class A shareholder accounts. Under the Plan, a Fund may pay the Distributor, on an annual basis, a maximum service fee of 0.25% of the average daily net assets of Class C shares to compensate the Distributor for, either directly or through third parties, providing personal service to shareholders of those classes and/or maintaining shareholder accounts for those classes and a maximum distribution fee of up to 0.75% of the average daily net assets of those classes to compensate the Distributor for, either directly or through third parties, distributing shares of those classes. No payment of the distribution fee will be made, and no deferred sales charge will be paid, to the Distributor by any Fund if, and to the extent that, the aggregate distribution fees paid by the Fund and the deferred sales charges received by the Distributor with respect to the Fund’s Class C shares would exceed the maximum amount of such charges that the Distributor is permitted to receive under the rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA) as then in effect. Under the Plan, a Fund may pay the Distributor a fee of up to 0.25%, on an annual basis, of the average daily net assets of the Fund’s Class Y shares to compensate the Distributor for, either directly or through third parties, distributing the Class Y shares of that Fund, providing personal service to Class Y shareholders and/or maintaining Class Y shareholder accounts.

Since these fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets or income on an ongoing basis, over time they will increase the cost, and reduce the return, of an investment. The higher fees for Class C shares may result in a lower NAV than Class A shares and may cost you more over time than paying the initial sales charge for Class A shares. All or a portion of these fees may be paid to your financial advisor.

To the extent authorized by law, the Funds reserve the right to discontinue offering shares at any time and/or to merge or liquidate a share class, such as in response to shareholder redemptions of substantially or all shares in a class.

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About your account

 

Class A

Class A sales charges

The table below details your sales charges on purchases of Class A shares. The offering price for Class A shares includes the front-end sales charge. The offering price is determined by dividing the NAV per share by an amount equal to 1 minus the sales charge (expressed in decimals) applicable to the purchase, calculated to two decimal places using standard rounding criteria. The sales charge as a percentage of the net amount invested is the maximum percentage of the amount invested rounded to the nearest hundredth. The actual sales charge that you pay as a percentage of the offering price and as a percentage of the net amount invested will vary depending on the then-current NAV, the percentage rate of the sales charge, and rounding. The number of Fund shares you will be issued will equal the amount invested divided by the applicable offering price for those shares, calculated to three decimal places using standard rounding criteria. Sales charges do not apply to shares purchased through dividend reinvestment.

The ongoing expenses of Class A shares are lower than those for Class C shares and typically higher than those for Class Y shares or Class I shares.

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

             

Amount of purchase

Sales charge as a %
of offering price

Sales charge as a %
of net amount invested

Less than $100,000

 

 

4.50%

   

5.13%

 
$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

 

3.50%

   

4.00%

 
$250,000 or more

 

 

none*

   

none*

 

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund, Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund, Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund, Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund, Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund, Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund, and Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

             

Amount of purchase

Sales charge as a %
of offering price

Sales charge as a %
of net amount invested

Less than $100,000

 

 

4.50%

   

5.13%

 
$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

 

3.50%

   

4.00%

 
$250,000 but less than $500,000

 

 

2.50%

   

3.00%

 
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000

 

 

2.00%

   

2.44%

 
$1,000,000 or more

 

 

none*

   

none*

 

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund and Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

             

Amount of purchase

Sales charge as a %
of offering price

Sales charge as a %
of net amount invested

Less than $50,000

 

 

5.75%

   

6.54%

 
$50,000 but less than $100,000

 

 

4.75%

   

5.41%

 
$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

 

3.75%

   

4.31%

 
$250,000 but less than $500,000

 

 

2.50%

   

3.00%

 
$500,000 but less than $1,000,000

 

 

2.00%

   

2.44%

 
$1,000,000 or more

 

 

none*

   

none*

 

* There is no front-end sales charge when you purchase $1 million or more ($250,000 or more for Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund) of Class A shares. However, if Delaware Distributors, L.P. (Distributor) or a predecessor distributor paid your financial intermediary a commission on your purchase that received an NAV breakpoint of Class A shares, for shares of the Funds purchased prior to July 1, 2021, you will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem these shares within the first year after your purchase; or if the Distributor paid your financial intermediary a commission on your purchase of $1 million ($250,000 or more for Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund) or more of Class A shares that received an NAV breakpoint, for shares purchased on or after July 1, 2021 that are subject to a CDSC, you will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem these shares within the first 18 months after your purchase, unless a specific waiver of the Limited CDSC applies. The Limited CDSC will be paid to the Distributor and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of: (1) the NAV at the time the Class A shares being redeemed were purchased; or (2) the NAV of such Class A shares at the time of redemption. For purposes of this formula, the “NAV at the time of purchase” will be the NAV at purchase of the Class A shares even if those shares are later exchanged for shares of another Delaware Fund and, in the event of an exchange of Class A shares, the “NAV of such shares at the time of redemption” will be the NAV of the shares acquired in the exchange. In determining whether a Limited CDSC is payable, it will be assumed that shares not subject to the Limited CDSC are the first redeemed followed by other shares held for the longest period of time. See “Dealer compensation” below for a description of the dealer commission that is paid.

 

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Class C

Class C shares are not subject to an initial sales charge when you buy them, but if you sell your Class C shares within 12 months after purchase, you may pay a 1.00% CDSC, which will be applied to the lesser of the then-current market value or the cost of the shares being redeemed. As noted above, Class C shares pay a maximum annual 12b-1 service fee of 0.25% of average net assets and a maximum annual distribution fee of 0.75% of average net assets. Over time, those fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than if you had purchased Class A shares. In general, Class C shares, and any reinvested dividends and other distributions paid on such shares, automatically convert to Class A shares, on a monthly basis, eight years after the end of the month in which the shares were purchased. However, Class C shares that have been held for fewer than 8 years also will convert to Class A shares if (i) the Class C shares are not subject to a CDSC; (ii) a commission was not paid on the sale of such shares; and (iii) such shares represent dividend share holdings in a Fund that are no longer attached to shares originally purchased and funded by the shareholder. All conversions from Class C shares to Class A shares will be on the basis of the relative NAVs per share, without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charge. The conversion from Class C shares to Class A shares is not considered a taxable event for federal income tax purposes. For investors invested in Class C shares through a financial intermediary, it is the responsibility of the financial intermediary to ensure that the investor is credited with the proper holding period for the shares redeemed. The automatic conversion of Class C shares to Class A shares shall not apply to shares held through intermediaries that do not track the length of time that a participant has held such shares.

Shareholders who are investing $1 million through a sales charge reduction feature, including a shareholder eligible to purchase Class A shares at no sales charge due to the breakpoints available on a purchase of $1 million or more of Class A shares, or through Rights of Accumulation, a Letter of Intent or grouping purchases by certain related persons may not purchase Class C shares. In such case, requests to purchase Class C shares automatically will be treated as a request to purchase Class A shares. The Fund will not apply the limitation to Class C share purchases made by shareholders whose shares are held in an omnibus account on any of the Funds’ records, and it will be the broker-dealer’s responsibility to apply the limitation for such purchases.

Each Fund reserves the right to modify or waive the above policies at any time. Class C shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund are not available for direct investment.

Class I

Class I shares are sold without any front-end sales load or contingent deferred sales charges. Class I shares do not pay an annual 12b-1 distribution and/or service fee. Class I shares are available for purchase only by:

funds of funds

 

participants of employee benefit plans established under Section 401(a) (including a 401(k) plan), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code” or the “Code”), when the shares are held in an omnibus account on the Fund’s records, and an unaffiliated third party provides administrative and/or other support services to the plan

 

certain financial intermediaries that charge their customers transaction fees with respect to their customers’ investments in the Funds

 

endowments, foundations, corporations and high net worth individuals using a trust or custodial platform

 

investors participating in ‘wrap fee’ or asset allocation programs or other fee-based arrangements sponsored by nonaffiliated broker-dealers and other financial institutions that have entered into agreements with the Distributor

 

participants of the predecessor parent company’s retirement plans

 

clients investing via any MAP or SPA program available through the predecessor parent company and its affiliates.

 

Each Fund reserves the right to modify or waive the above policies at any time.

Plan sponsors, plan fiduciaries and other financial intermediaries may choose to impose qualification requirements for plans that differ from the Funds’ share class eligibility standards. In certain cases this could result in the selection of a share class with higher service and distribution-related fees than those of another class available under the Fund’s share class eligibility criteria. For example, certain financial intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor may offer Class I shares of the Funds to their clients through their brokerage platforms solely as a broker when acting as an agent for their clients. An investor purchasing Class I shares through a brokerage platform of such a financial intermediary may be required to pay a commission and/or other forms of compensation to the financial intermediary. The Funds and the Distributor are not responsible for, and have no control over, the decision of any plan sponsor, plan fiduciary or financial intermediary to impose such differing requirements. Please consult with your plan sponsor, plan fiduciary or financial intermediary for more information about available share classes as not all share classes may be made available.

Class R6 (formerly, Class N)

Class R6 shares are sold without any front-end sales load or contingent deferred sales charges and do not pay an annual 12b-1 distribution and/or service fee. Class R6 shares generally are available only where plan level or omnibus accounts (and not individual participant accounts) are shown on the books of a Fund and where an unaffiliated third-party intermediary provides administrative, distribution and/or other support services.

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About your account

Class R6 shares generally are available for purchase by or through:

fee-based programs sponsored by nonaffiliated broker-dealers and other financial institutions that have entered into agreements with the Distributor; financial intermediaries that have been approved by, and that have an agreement with, the Distributor to offer Class R6 shares to self-directed investment brokerage accounts that may charge a transaction fee; certain registered investment advisers and other intermediaries approved by the Distributor; or a no-load network or platform sponsored by a financial intermediary where the Distributor has entered into an agreement with the intermediary

 

employee benefit plans established under Section 401(a), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Code; non-qualified deferred compensation plans and certain voluntary employee benefit associations and post-retirement benefit plans; and defined benefit plans and other accounts (including Rollover IRAs) or plans whereby Class R6 shares are held on the books of a Fund through omnibus accounts and the plan sponsor or financial intermediary has entered into an agreement with the Distributor to offer Class R6 shares to such accounts or plans

 

institutional investors, which include, but are not limited to, charitable organizations, governmental institutions and corporations, with a minimum investment amount of $1,000,000

 

participants of the predecessor parent company’s retirement plans

 

funds (including mutual funds registered under the 1940 Act and collective trusts) of funds.

 

Each Fund reserves the right to modify or waive the above policies at any time.

Plan sponsors, plan fiduciaries and other financial intermediaries may choose to impose qualification requirements for investors that differ from the Funds’ share class eligibility standards. In certain cases this could result in the selection of a share class with higher service and distribution-related fees than otherwise would have been charged. Each Fund and the Distributor are not responsible for, and have no control over, the decision of any plan sponsor, plan fiduciary or financial intermediary to impose such different requirements. Please consult with your plan sponsor, plan fiduciary or financial intermediary for more information about available share classes as not all share classes may be made available.

Class Y

Class Y shares are not subject to a sales charge. Class Y shares do however pay an annual 12b-1 distribution and/or service fee of up to 0.25% of average net assets. Class Y shares are only available for purchase by:

participants of employee benefit plans established under Section 401(a) (including a 401(k) plan), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Code for which an unaffiliated third party intermediary provides administrative, distribution and/or other support services to the plan

 

individuals investing in fee-based brokerage or advisory accounts, wrap accounts and asset allocation programs that charge asset-based fees, through certain investment advisers and broker-dealers, including banks, trust institutions, investment fund administrators and other third parties investing for their own accounts or for the accounts of their customers, and for which entity an unaffiliated third party provides administrative, distribution and/or other support services

 

government entities or authorities and corporations whose investment within the first 12 months after initial investment is $10 million or more and to which entity an unaffiliated third party intermediary provides certain administrative, distribution and/or other support services

 

clients of financial intermediaries who have self-directed brokerage accounts (that may or may not charge transaction fees to those clients), provided that such financial intermediaries have entered into an agreement with the Distributor and have been approved by the Distributor to offer Class Y shares within such self-directed brokerage accounts

 

The Funds reserve the right to modify or waive the above policies at any time.

Plan sponsors, plan fiduciaries and other financial intermediaries may choose to impose qualification requirements for plans that differ from the Funds’ share class eligibility standards. In certain cases this could result in the selection of a share class with higher service and distribution-related fees than those of another class available under the Fund’s share class eligibility criteria. The Funds and the Distributor are not responsible for, and have no control over, the decision of any plan sponsor, plan fiduciary or financial intermediary to impose such differing requirements or to select a particular class. Please consult with your plan sponsor, plan fiduciary or financial intermediary for more information about available share classes as not all share classes may be made available under your plan.

Dealer compensation

The financial intermediary who sells you shares of the Funds may be eligible to receive the following amounts as compensation for your investment in the Funds. These amounts are paid by the Distributor to the securities dealer with whom your financial advisor is associated.

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund Class A shares do not impose a sales charge, and, therefore, is not included in the tables below.

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund

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Commission (%)

Class A​1

Investment less than $100,000

 

 

4.00%

 
$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

 

3.00%

 
$250,000 but less than $5 million

 

 

1.00%

 
$5 million but less than $25 million

 

 

0.50%

 
$25 million or more

 

 

0.25%

 
12b-1 fee to dealer

 

 

0.25%

 

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund, Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund, Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund, Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund, Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund, Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund, and Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund

       

Commission (%)

Class A​1

Investment less than $100,000

 

 

4.00%

 
$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

 

3.00%

 
$250,000 but less than $500,000

 

 

2.00%

 
$500,000 but less than $1 million

 

 

1.60%

 
$1 million but less than $5 million

 

 

1.00%

 
$5 million but less than $25 million

 

 

0.50%

 
$25 million or more

 

 

0.25%

 
12b-1 fee to dealer

 

 

0.25%

 

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund and Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund

       

Commission (%)

Class A​1

Investment less than $50,000

 

 

5.00%

 
$50,000 but less than $100,000

 

 

4.00%

 
$100,000 but less than $250,000

 

 

3.00%

 
$250,000 but less than $500,000

 

 

2.00%

 
$500,000 but less than $1 million

 

 

1.60%

 
$1 million but less than $5 million

 

 

1.00%

 
$5 million but less than $25 million

 

 

0.50%

 
$25 million or more

 

 

0.25%

 
12b-1 fee to dealer

 

 

0.25%

 

1 On sales of Class A shares, the Distributor reallows to your securities dealer a portion of the front-end sales charge depending upon the amount you invested. Your securities dealer may be eligible to receive a 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25% from the date of purchase. Effective July 1, 2021, on sales of Class A shares where there is no front-end sales charge, the Distributor may pay your securities dealer an upfront commission of up to 1.00%. The upfront commission includes an advance of the first year’s 12b-1 fee of up to 0.25%. For shares purchased after July 1, 2021, during the first 12 months, the Distributor will retain the 12b-1 fee to partially offset the upfront commission advanced at the time of purchase. Starting in the 13th month, your securities dealer may be eligible to receive the full 12b-1 fee applicable to Class A shares.

On sales of Class C shares, the Distributor may pay your securities dealer an upfront commission of 1.00%. The upfront commission includes an advance of the first year’s 12b-1 service fee of up to 0.25%. During the first 12 months, the Distributor retains the full 1.00% 12b-1 fee to partially offset the upfront commission and the prepaid 0.25% service fee advanced at the time of purchase. Starting in the 13th month, your securities dealer may be eligible to receive the full 1.00% 12b-1 fee applicable to Class C shares. Alternatively, certain intermediaries may not be eligible to receive the upfront commission of 1.00%, but may receive the 12b-1 fee for sales of Class C shares from the date of purchase. After approximately eight years, Class C shares are eligible to automatically convert to Class A shares and dealers may then be eligible to receive the 12b-1 fee applicable to Class A shares.

Payments to intermediaries

The Distributor and its affiliates may pay additional compensation at their own expense and not as an expense of a Fund to certain affiliated or unaffiliated brokers, dealers, or other financial intermediaries (Financial Intermediaries) in connection with the sale or retention of Fund shares and/or shareholder servicing, including providing the Fund with “shelf space” or a higher profile with the Financial Intermediaries’ consultants, salespersons, and customers (distribution assistance). For example, the Distributor or its affiliates may pay additional compensation to Financial Intermediaries for various purposes, including, but not limited to, promoting the sale of Fund shares, maintaining share balances and/or for subaccounting, administrative, or shareholder processing services, marketing, educational support, data, and ticket charges. Such payments are in addition to any distribution fees, service fees,

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About your account

subaccounting fees, and/or transfer agency fees that may be payable by a Fund. The additional payments may be based on factors, including level of sales (based on gross or net sales or some specified minimum sales or some other similar criteria related to sales of a Fund and/or some or all other Delaware Funds), amount of assets invested by the Financial Intermediary’s customers (which could include current or aged assets of a Fund and/or some or all other Delaware Funds), a Fund’s advisory fees, some other agreed-upon amount, or other measures as determined from time to time by the Distributor. The level of payments made to a qualifying Financial Intermediary in any given year may vary. To the extent permitted by SEC and FINRA rules and other applicable laws and regulations, the Distributor may pay, or allow its affiliates to pay, other promotional incentives or payments to Financial Intermediaries.

Sub-transfer agent/recordkeeping payments may be made to third parties (including affiliates of the Manager) that provide sub-transfer agent, recordkeeping, and/or shareholder services with respect to certain shareholder accounts (including omnibus accounts), or to the shareholder account directly to offset the costs of these services, in lieu of the transfer agent providing such services. For Class R6 shares, the Distributor and its affiliates will generally not pay additional compensation to Financial Intermediaries in connection with the sale or retention of Fund shares and/or shareholder servicing (including sub-transfer agent/recordkeeping payments).

If a mutual fund sponsor or distributor makes greater payments for distribution assistance to your Financial Intermediary with respect to distribution of shares of that particular mutual fund than sponsors or distributors of other mutual funds make to your Financial Intermediary with respect to the distribution of the shares of their mutual funds, your Financial Intermediary and its salespersons may have a financial incentive to favor sales of shares of the mutual fund making the higher payments over shares of other mutual funds or over other investment options. In addition, depending on the arrangements in place at any particular time, a Financial Intermediary may also have a financial incentive for recommending a particular share class over other share classes. You should consult with your Financial Intermediary and review carefully any disclosure provided by such Financial Intermediary as to compensation it receives in connection with investment products it recommends or sells to you. A significant purpose of these payments is to increase sales of a Fund’s shares. The Manager or its affiliates may benefit from the Distributor’s or its affiliates’ payment of compensation to Financial Intermediaries through increased fees resulting from additional assets acquired through the sale of Fund shares through Financial Intermediaries. In certain instances, the payments could be significant and may cause a conflict of interest for your Financial Intermediary. Any such payments will not change the NAV or the price of a Fund’s shares.

How to reduce your sales charge

Sales Charge Reductions

Lower sales charges on the purchase of Class A shares are available by:

Rights of Accumulation: Upon your request, you can combine your holdings or purchases of a Fund and all share classes of Delaware Funds, excluding any money market funds (unless you acquired those shares through an exchange from a Fund that did carry a front-end sales charge, CDSC, or Limited CDSC), as well as the holdings and purchases of your spouse — or equivalent, if recognized under local law — and children under the age of 21 to qualify for reduced front-end sales charges. When submitting the letter of intent or requesting rights of accumulation, you must identify which holdings or purchases you are requesting to be combined to your financial intermediary, the Distributor or the Transfer Agent at the time of purchase. You can add the value of any share class that you already own to new share purchases in order to qualify for a reduced sales charge. Please note you cannot combine your holdings or purchases of non-Transaction Funds with Transaction Funds at this time. This feature may be available at a later time.

 

Letter of Intent: grouping all purchases of the funds referenced above, made during a thirteen-month period pursuant to a Letter of Intent (LOI). By signing an LOI, which is available from WISC, you indicate an intention to invest, over a thirteen-month period, a dollar amount sufficient to qualify for a reduced sales charge. In determining the amount which you must invest in order to qualify for a reduced sales charge under the LOI, your Class A, Class C or Class E shares already held in the same account in which the purchase is being made or in any account eligible for grouping with that account, as described in Account Grouping below, and your shares of any of the funds within the Delaware Funds held in any MAP or SPA program through the predecessor parent company and its affiliates, will be included. For purposes of fulfilling the dollar amount required to be invested pursuant to your LOI, all such investments must be initiated prior to the expiration of the thirteen-month period, and will qualify under your LOI, even if the assets are received after the expiration of the thirteen-month period (such as a rollover or transfer from another institution). You must notify WISC if a rollover or transfer from another institution is pending upon the termination of the thirteen-month LOI period. In any event, such assets must be received by WISC no later than ninety days after the initiation date of the rollover or transfer. You may need to provide appropriate documentation to WISC to evidence the initiation date of the rollover or transfer. It is the responsibility of the investor and/or the dealer of record to advise WISC about the LOI when placing purchase orders during the LOI period. Purchases made during the thirty (30) calendar days prior to receipt by WISC of a properly completed LOI will be considered for purposes of determining whether a shareholder has satisfied the LOI. If the Distributor reimburses the sales charge for purchases prior to receipt by WISC of an LOI, the thirteen-month LOI period will be deemed to have commenced on the date of the earliest purchase within the 30 calendar days prior to receipt by WISC of the LOI. Please note you cannot combine your holdings or purchases of Non-Transaction Funds with Transaction Funds at this time. This feature may be available at a later time.

 

When an LOI is established, shares valued at five percent (5%) of the intended investment are held in escrow. Escrowed shares will be released from escrow once the terms of the LOI are satisfied. If the amount invested during the thirteen-month LOI period is less than the amount specified by the LOI, the LOI will terminate and the applicable sales charge specified in this Prospectus will be charged as if the LOI had not been executed, and such sales charge will be

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collected by the redemption of escrowed shares equal in value to such sales charge. Any redemption you request during the thirteen-month LOI period will be taken first from non-escrowed shares. Any request you make that will require redemption of escrowed shares will result in termination of the LOI, and the applicable sales charge specified in this Prospectus will be collected by the redemption of escrowed shares. Any escrowed shares not needed to pay the applicable sales charge will be available for redemption by you.

Purchases of shares of any of the funds within the Delaware Funds will be considered for purposes of meeting the terms of an LOI, except as set forth herein. Investments in mutual funds other than those described in the preceding sentence will not be considered for purposes of meeting the terms of an LOI.

Account Grouping: grouping purchases by certain related persons. For the purpose of taking advantage of the lower sales charges available for large purchases, a purchase of Class A or Class E shares in any account that you own may be grouped with the current account value of purchased Class A, Class C and/or Class E shares in any other account that you may own, with your shares of any of the funds within the Delaware Funds held in any MAP or SPA program through the predecessor parent company and its affiliates, or in accounts of household members of your immediate family (spouse and children under 21). Please note that grouping is allowed only for a) accounts of the owner that have the same address or Social Security or other taxpayer identification number, and b) accounts of immediate family members living (or maintaining a permanent address) in the same household as the owner; however, you also may group purchases made by you and your immediate family in: business accounts controlled by you or your immediate family (e.g., you own the entire business); partnerships for which you or a member of your immediate family is the controlling partner; trust accounts established by you or your immediate family or trust accounts for which you or a member of your immediate family is a beneficiary; minor-owned accounts for which you serve as custodian or guardian; and/or accounts of endowments or foundations established and controlled by you or your immediate family. For purposes of account grouping, an individual’s legally-recognized domestic partner who has the same address may be treated as his or her spouse.

 

With respect to purchases under retirement plans:

1. All purchases of Class A shares made under an employee benefit plan described in Section 401(a) of the Code, including a 401(k) plan (Qualified Plan), that is maintained by an employer and all plans of any one employer or affiliated employers also will be grouped. All Qualified Plans of an employer who is a franchisor and those of its franchisee(s) also may be grouped.

2. All purchases of Class A shares made under a simplified employee pension plan (SEP IRA), Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees (SIMPLE IRA), or similar arrangement adopted by an employer or affiliated employers may be grouped, if grouping is elected by the employer when the plan is established. Alternatively, the employer may elect that purchases made by individual employees under such plan also be grouped with other accounts of the individual employees. If evidence of either election is not received by WISC, purchases will be grouped at the plan level.

3. All purchases of Class A shares made by you or your spouse for your or your spouse’s IRA or salary reduction plan accounts under Section 457(b) or Section 403(b) of the Code, may be grouped, as well as your or your spouse’s employee benefit plan account under Section 401(a) of the Code, including a 401(k) plan, provided that you and your spouse are the only participants in the plan.

In order for an eligible purchase to be grouped, you must advise WISC (or your financial intermediary, if your shares are held in an omnibus account through such intermediary) at the time the purchase is made that it is eligible for grouping and identify the accounts with which it may be grouped.

Shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund are not eligible for either Rights of Accumulation or Letter of Intent privileges, unless such shares have been acquired by exchange for Class A or Class E shares on which a sales charge was paid, or as a dividend or other distribution on such acquired shares.

If you are investing $1 million or more ($250,000 or more for Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund), either as a lump sum or through one of the sales charge reduction features described above, you may be eligible to buy Class A shares without a sales charge. However, for shares of the Funds purchased prior to July 1, 2021, you will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem these shares within the first year after your purchase; or if the Distributor paid your financial intermediary a commission on your purchase of $1 million or more ($250,000 or more for Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund) of Class A shares that received a NAV breakpoint, for shares purchased on or after July 1, 2021 that are subject to a CDSC, you will have to pay a Limited CDSC of 1.00% if you redeem these shares within the first 18 months after your purchase, unless a specific waiver of the Limited CDSC applies. The Limited CDSC will be paid to the Distributor and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of: (1) the NAV at the time the Class A shares being redeemed were purchased; or (2) the NAV of such Class A shares at the time of redemption. For purposes of this formula, the “NAV at the time of purchase” will be the NAV at purchase of the Class A shares even if those shares are later exchanged for shares of another Delaware Fund and, in the event of an exchange of Class A shares, the “NAV of such shares at the time of redemption” will be the NAV of the shares acquired in the exchange. In determining whether a Limited CDSC is payable, it will be assumed that shares not subject to the Limited CDSC are the first redeemed followed by other shares held for the longest period of time.

This CDSC may be waived under certain circumstances, as noted in this Prospectus. Your financial advisor or a Client Services representative can answer your questions and help you determine if you are eligible.

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About your account

Buying Class A shares at net asset value

Sales Charge Waivers for Certain Investors

Class A shares may be purchased at NAV by:

Individuals investing through advisory accounts, wrap accounts or asset allocation programs that charge asset-based fees and that are sponsored by certain unaffiliated investment advisers or broker-dealers.

 

Current and former Trustees of the Trust (or former directors or trustees of any entity to which the Trust or one of the Transaction Funds is the successor), directors of affiliated companies of the Trust, or of any affiliated entity of the Distributor, current and former employees of the predecessor distributor and its affiliates, current and former financial advisors of the predecessor parent company and its affiliates and the spouse, children, parents, children’s spouses and spouse’s parents of each (including purchases into certain retirement plans and certain trusts for these individuals), the employees of financial advisors of the predecessor parent company and its affiliates, and former participants in the predecessor parent company 401(k) and Thrift Plan and/or the predecessor parent company Retirement Income Plan who are investing the distribution of plan assets into an IRA. Commencing on October 31, 2019, the only former Trustees, employees and financial advisors that are eligible to purchase Class A shares at NAV are those purchasing into accounts that were established by such individuals prior to October 31, 2019. Such individuals are not eligible to purchase Class A shares at NAV into new accounts that are established after October 31, 2019.

 

Trustees, officers, directors or employees of Minnesota Life or any affiliated entity of Minnesota Life, Securian/CRI Financial Advisors, their respective spouses, children, parents, children’s spouses and spouse’s parents of each, including purchases into certain retirement plans and certain trusts for these individuals.

 

Clients of those financial intermediaries that have entered into an agreement with the Distributor and that have been approved by the Distributor to offer Class A shares to self-directed brokerage accounts (that may or may not charge transaction fees to those clients).

 

Employees, and their immediate family members (spouse, children, parents, children’s spouses and spouse’s parents) associated with unaffiliated registered investment advisers with which the Manager has entered into subadvisory agreements.

 

Sales representatives, and their immediate family members (spouse, children, parents, children’s spouses and spouse’s parents), associated with unaffiliated third party broker-dealers with which the Distributor has entered into selling agreements.

 

Individuals in employee benefit plans described in Section 401(a) (including a 401(k) plan) or 457(b) of the Code, where the plan has 100 or more eligible participants, and the Fund’s shares are held in individual plan participant accounts on the Fund’s records.

 

Individuals (other than those individuals whose shares are held in an omnibus account) reinvesting into any account the proceeds of redemptions from employee benefit plans described in Sections 401(a), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Code, where the shares were originally invested in Class I or Class Y shares.

 

Purchases by individuals in a multi-participant employee benefit plan described in Sections 401(a), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Code that is maintained on a retirement platform sponsored by a financial intermediary firm, unless the Distributor has entered into an agreement with the financial intermediary firm indicating that such retirement platform is not eligible for the Class A sales charge waiver.

 

Individuals (other than those whose shares are held in an omnibus account) reinvesting into any other account they own directly with the Transaction Funds, the proceeds from mandatory redemptions of shares made to satisfy required minimum distributions after age 72 from an employee benefit plan established under Sections 401(a) (including a 401(k) plan), 403(b) or 457(b) of the Code, and IRA accounts under Section 408 of the Code, provided such reinvestment is made within 90 calendar days of receipt of the required minimum distribution.

 

Individuals investing through direct transfers or rollovers from an employee benefit plan established under Section 401(a) of the Code, other than a plan exempt from Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, provided that such plan is assigned to the predecessor parent company and its affiliates as the broker-dealer of record at the time of transfer or rollover.

 

Individuals (other than shareholders whose shares are held in an omnibus account) purchasing into accounts that owned shares of any Fund within the Transaction Funds prior to December 16, 2002, and who were eligible to purchase Class A shares at NAV as of such date.

 

Individuals investing into any account the proceeds from the sale of shares previously held within an investment advisory program sponsored by the predecessor parent company and its affiliates.

 

Additional purchases by existing shareholders whose accounts were eligible for purchasing shares at NAV under a predecessor fund’s eligibility requirements set by the predecessor fund’s company.

 

For purposes of determining eligibility for sales at NAV, an individual’s legally-recognized domestic partner who has the same address may be treated as his or her spouse. Each Fund reserves the right to modify or waive the above policies at any time. For purposes of the above waivers, except as otherwise specifically set forth herein, the term “employee benefit plan” does not include retail non-retirement accounts, traditional and Roth IRAs, Coverdell Education Savings Accounts, owner-only 401(k) plan accounts, owner-only 401(a) accounts, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, SARSEPs, individual 403(b) and 457(b) accounts, 529 accounts or similar accounts.

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Sales Charge Waivers for Certain Transactions

Class A shares of a Fund may be purchased at NAV under the following circumstances, provided that you notify your financial intermediary in advance that the trade qualifies for this privilege. The Fund reserves the right to modify or terminate these arrangements at any time:

Exchange of Class A shares of another fund within the Delaware Funds or shares of any portfolio within the InvestEd Portfolios if (i) a sales charge was previously paid on those shares, (ii) the shares were received in exchange for shares on which a sales charge was paid or (iii) the shares were acquired from reinvestment of dividends and other distributions paid on such shares.

 

Payments of Principal and Interest on Loans made pursuant to an employee benefit plan established under Section 401(a) of the Code, including a 401(k) plan, (for Class A shares only), (i) if such loans are permitted by the plan and the plan invests in shares of the same Fund and (ii) a sales charge was previously paid on those shares.

 

Reinvestment of the proceeds up to 90 days after you redeem shares under certain circumstances. For purposes of this “right of reinvestment policy,” automatic transactions (including, for example, automatic purchases, withdrawals and payroll deductions) and ongoing retirement plan contributions are not eligible for investment without a sales charge. Investors should consult their financial intermediary for further information. Depending on the financial intermediary holding your account, your reinvestment privileges may differ from those described in this prospectus. Shareholders impacted by a Transaction Fund liquidation have up to 90 days to buy back into Class A shares of another Transaction Fund at NAV upon reentry and notification to the transfer agent or the shareholder’s financial intermediary. Shareholders of Transaction Funds may not be able to reinvest their proceeds without paying a sales charge for shares of non-Transaction Funds at the present time, and vice versa.

 

Information about the purchase of Fund shares, applicable sales charges and sales charge reductions and waivers also is available, free of charge, at ivyinvestments.com, including hyperlinks to facilitate access to this information. You also will find more information in the SAI about sales charge reductions and waivers.

Waivers of contingent deferred sales charges

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge

A CDSC may be assessed against your redemption amount of Class C or certain Class A shares and paid to the Distributor, as further described below. The purpose of the CDSC is to compensate the Distributor for the costs incurred by it in connection with the sale of the Fund’s Class C shares or certain Class A shares. The Distributor pays 1.00% of the amount invested to third-party broker-dealers who sell Class C shares of certain funds at the time of sale. For certain clients of non-affiliated third-party broker-dealers and under certain circumstances, the Distributor will pay the full Class C distribution and service fee to such broker-dealers beginning immediately after purchase in lieu of paying the up-front compensation described above of 1.00% of the amount invested. This may depend on the policies, procedures and trading platforms of your financial intermediary. Please consult your financial advisor.

The CDSC will not be imposed on shares representing payment of dividends or other distributions and will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the then-current market value or the cost of the shares being redeemed. Accordingly, no CDSC will be imposed on increases in NAV above the initial purchase price. In order to determine the applicable CDSC, if any, all purchases are totaled and considered to have been made on the first day of the month in which the purchase was made.

To keep your CDSC as low as possible, each time you place a request to redeem shares, the Fund assumes that a redemption is made first of shares not subject to a CDSC (including shares that represent reinvested dividends and other distributions), and then of shares that represent the lowest sales charge.

Unless instructed otherwise, when requested to redeem a specific dollar amount, a Fund will redeem additional shares of the applicable class that are equal in value to the CDSC. For example, should you request a $1,000 redemption and the applicable CDSC is $27, the Fund will redeem shares having an aggregate NAV of $1,027, absent different instructions. The shares redeemed for payment of the CDSC are not subject to a CDSC.

The CDSC for Class C shares and for Class A shares that are subject to a CDSC will not apply in the following circumstances:

redemptions that result from the death of all registered account owners or, for an account in an employer-sponsored plan, the death of a participant. The death must have occurred after the account was established with the Distributor

 

redemptions that result from the disability of the account owner. The disability must have occurred after the account was established with the Distributor

 

redemptions of shares (1) from an employee benefit plan established under Sections 401(a) (including a 401(k) plan), 403(b) or 457(b) or an IRA under Section 408 of the Code made to satisfy required minimum distributions or in connection with the distribution of excess contributions; (2) resulting from the death or disability of an employee participating in an employee benefit plan identified above; or (3) by a tax-exempt employee benefit plan for which, as a result of subsequent law or legislation, the continuation of its investment would be improper

 

redemptions of shares purchased by current and former Trustees of the Trust (or former directors or trustees of any entity to which the Trust or one of the Transaction Funds is the successor), directors of affiliated companies of the Trust, or of any affiliated entity of the Distributor, current and former employees of

 

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About your account

the predecessor distributor and its affiliates, current and former financial advisors of the predecessor parent company and its affiliates, and the spouse, children, parents, children’s spouses and spouse’s parents of each (including redemptions from certain retirement plans and certain trusts for these individuals), and the employees of financial advisors of the predecessor parent company. Commencing on October 31, 2019, the only former Trustees, employees and financial advisors who are eligible to sell their Class C shares (or Class A shares that are subject to a CDSC) without paying a CDSC are those selling from accounts that were established by such individuals prior to October 31, 2019. Such individuals are not eligible to sell their Class C shares (or Class A shares that are subject to a CDSC) without paying a CDSC from accounts that are established after October 31, 2019.

redemptions of shares made pursuant to a shareholder’s participation in the systematic withdrawal service offered by the Fund, subject to the limitations on the service as further disclosed in the SAI (the service and this exclusion from the CDSC do not apply to a one-time withdrawal)

 

redemptions the proceeds of which are reinvested within 90 calendar days in shares of the same class of the Fund as that redeemed

 

for clients of non-affiliated third party broker-dealers, redemptions of Class C shares for which the broker-dealer was not paid an up-front commission by the Distributor

 

for clients of non-affiliated third party broker-dealers, redemptions of Class A shares for which the broker-dealer was not paid an up-front commission by the Distributor

 

the exercise of certain exchange privileges as described herein

 

redemptions effected pursuant to the Fund’s right to liquidate a shareholder’s account if the aggregate NAV of the shares is less than $650

 

redemptions effected by another registered investment company by virtue of a merger or other reorganization with the Fund

 

These exceptions may be modified or eliminated by a Fund at any time without prior notice to shareholders, except with respect to redemptions effected pursuant to the Fund’s right to liquidate a shareholder’s shares, which may require certain notice.

How to buy shares

Ways to Set Up Your Account (for Class A and C Shares)

The different ways to set up (register) your account are listed below.

Individual or Joint Tenants

For your general investment needs

Individual accounts are owned by one person. Joint accounts have two or more owners (tenants).

Business or Organization

For investment needs of corporations, associations, partnerships, institutions or other groups

Gifts or Transfers to a Minor

To invest for a child’s education or other future needs

These custodial accounts provide a way to give money to a child and obtain tax benefits. An individual can give up to $16,000 in 2022 per child free of federal transfer tax consequences. Depending on state laws, you can set up a custodial account under the Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (UTMA) or the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act (UGMA).

Trust

For money being invested by a trust

The trust must be established before an account can be opened.

Buying Shares

You may buy shares of each of the Funds through third parties that have entered into selling arrangements with the Distributor. Contact any authorized investment dealer for more information. To open your account you must complete and sign an application. Your financial advisor can help you with any questions you might have. The transfer agent for the Funds will not accept account applications unless submitted by an entity with which the Distributor maintains a current selling agreement.

The transfer agent for the Funds generally will not accept new account applications to establish an account with a non-US address (APO/FPO addresses are acceptable).

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If your individual account is not maintained on the Funds’ shareholder servicing system, please contact your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper to purchase shares of the Funds.

To add to your account by mail: Make your check payable to Ivy Investments or Ivy Funds. Mail the check to WISC at the address below, along with the detachable form that accompanies the confirmation of a prior financial transaction or with a letter stating your account number, the account registration, the Fund and the class of shares that you wish to purchase. Mail to: WI Services Company, P.O. Box 219722, Kansas City, MO 64121-9722.

To add to your account by wire purchase: Instruct your bank to wire the amount you wish to invest, along with the account number and registration, to UMB Bank, n.a., ABA Number 101000695, DDA Number 98-0000-797-8.

To add to your account by telephone or internet: Generally, you (and your financial professional when expressly authorized by you) are automatically eligible to purchase Class A or Class C shares of a Fund by Automated Clearing House (ACH) via telephone or internet access (where permitted). To do so, you must have an existing account number. Please call 888 923-3355 to report your purchase. For internet transactions, you may not execute trades greater than $25,000 per Fund per day. If you need to establish an account for Class I or Class Y shares, you may call 888 923-3355 to obtain an account application. You may then mail a completed application to WISC at the above address. The ability to submit ACH purchase transactions is dependent on having your bank information on your mutual fund account. Please contact your financial professional to add ACH transaction capability. To remove this automatic option, please call 888 923-3355 or submit a written request at the above address.

To add to your account by Automatic Investment Service: You can authorize having funds electronically drawn each month from your bank account through Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) and invested as a purchase of shares into your Fund account. Complete the appropriate sections of the Account Application to establish the AIS.

When you place an order to buy shares, your order, if accepted, will be processed at the next offering price calculated after your order is received in proper form by WISC or its authorized agent. Note the following:

All of your purchases must be made in US dollars and checks must be drawn on US banks. Neither cash nor post-dated checks will be accepted.

 

If you buy shares by check or ACH, and then sell those shares by any method other than by exchange to another fund within the Transaction Funds and/or InvestEd Portfolios, the payment may be delayed for up to ten days from the date of purchase to ensure that your previous investment has cleared.

 

You may purchase shares of certain Funds indirectly through certain broker-dealers, banks and other third parties, some of which may charge you a fee. These firms may have additional requirements regarding the purchase of Fund shares. If you purchase shares of a Fund from certain broker-dealers, banks or other authorized third parties that perform account transactions for their clients through the NSCC, the Fund will be deemed to have received your purchase order when that third party (or its designee) has received your order in proper form. Your order will receive the offering price next calculated after the order has been received in proper form by the authorized third party (or its designee). Therefore, if your order is received in proper form by that firm before 4:00pm Eastern Time on a day in which the NYSE is open, you should generally receive that day’s offering price, even if such financial intermediary fails in its duty to transmit the order in a timely manner. If your order is received in proper form by that firm after 4:00pm Eastern Time, you should generally receive the offering price next calculated on the following business day. If the firm does not perform account transactions systematically through the NSCC and has not entered into an agreement permitting it to aggregate orders it receives prior to 4:00pm Eastern Time and transmit such orders to the Fund on or before the following business day, you will receive the offering price next calculated after the order has been received in proper form by WISC. You should consult that firm to determine the time by which it must receive your order for you to purchase shares of a Fund at that day’s price.

 

Financial intermediaries may charge fees for the services they provide to you in connection with processing your transaction order or maintaining your account with them. Each financial intermediary also may have its own requirements regarding the purchase of Fund shares, including rules pertaining to minimum initial investment amounts, minimum account balances, share transactions and limits on the number of share transactions you are permitted to make in a given time period. Financial intermediaries also may designate further intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders. For more information about your financial intermediary’s rules and procedures, you should contact your financial intermediary directly.

 

Broker-dealers that perform account purchase and redemption transactions for their clients are responsible for obtaining their clients’ permission to perform those transactions and are responsible to their clients who are shareholders of the Fund if the broker-dealer performs any transaction erroneously or improperly. Such broker-dealers have independent agreements with the Distributor, and are compensated for performing account transactions for their clients.

 

When purchasing shares through a financial intermediary, you may not benefit from certain policies and procedures of the Funds as your eligibility may be dependent upon the policies and procedures of your financial intermediary. In all instances, it is your responsibility to notify your financial intermediary of any relationship or other facts that may qualify your investment for sales charge waivers or other features.

 

When you sign your account application, you will be asked to certify that your Social Security number or other taxpayer identification number is correct and whether you are subject to backup withholding for failing to report income to the IRS. See “Dividends, distributions and taxes — Taxes”.

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About your account

The transfer agent for the Funds reserves the right to reject any purchase orders, including purchases by exchange, prior to acceptance of such purchase order, and it and the Funds reserve the right to discontinue offering Fund shares for purchase.

Purchase Restrictions for Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund operates as a retail money market fund and only accounts beneficially owned by natural persons may be invested in the Fund. Examples of accounts beneficially owned by natural persons include accounts owned by individuals who have been issued a social security number, individuals holding accounts through omnibus accounts and natural persons investing through tax-advantaged accounts and trusts.

Minimum Investments

The Fund’s initial and subsequent investment minimums generally are as follows, although the Fund and/or the Distributor may reduce or waive the minimums in some cases.

For Class A and Class C shares, the minimum investment is generally $750 per fund. For certain exchanges, minimum investment for an exchange is either (i) a single $750 exchange or (ii) the combination of a $150 exchange in combination with either (a) a $50 per month Automatic Investment Service (AIS) or (b) a $50 per month systematic exchange from another fund. For accounts opened with AIS, the minimum investment is generally $150 per fund. An account may be opened with no initial investment and AIS set up on the account if the account is pending a Transfer of Assets from another investment company/retirement account custodian. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals or for retirement accounts established with employer discretionary contributions, minimum investments may be made in any amount.

Subsequent investments may generally be made in any amount. For certain exchanges and for AIS, the minimum subsequent investment amount is $50 per fund. For accounts established through payroll deductions and salary deferrals, subsequent investments may be made in any amount.

For Class I, Class R6, and Class Y shares, please check with your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper for information about minimum investment requirements.

Adding to Your Account

Subject to the minimums described above, you, or anyone, can make additional investments of any amount at any time.

If you purchase shares of the Funds from certain broker-dealers, banks or other authorized third parties, additional purchases may be made through those firms.

Limitations on Exchanges

Shareholders of the Transaction Funds may not be able to exchange their shares for shares of Delaware Funds that are not Transaction Funds at the present time, and vice versa. However, until the exchange privilege is available between Transaction Funds and non-Transaction Funds, Class A shareholders may reinvest the proceeds of a redemption from Transaction Funds in Class A shares of any other Delaware Fund or from non-Transaction Funds in Class A shares of any Transaction Fund without paying a sales charge up to 90 days after the redemption. Please notify your Fund’s financial intermediary or your transfer agent if you wish to utilize this privilege. Please note that your Fund’s financial intermediary may have different policies around this privilege.

Calculating share price

The price you pay for shares will depend on when we receive your purchase order. If your order is received by an authorized agent or us before the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) (normally 4:00pm ET), you will pay that day’s closing Fund share price, which is based on the Fund’s NAV. If the NYSE has an unscheduled early close, we will continue to accept your order until that day’s scheduled close of the NYSE and you will pay that day’s closing Fund share price. If your order is received after the scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE, you will pay the next Business Day’s closing Fund share price. We reserve the right to reject any purchase order.

We determine the NAV per share for each class of a Delaware Fund at the close of regular trading on the NYSE on each Business Day (normally 4:00pm ET). A Fund does not calculate its NAV on days the NYSE is closed for trading. If the NYSE has an unscheduled early close, a Fund’s closing share price would still be determined as of that day’s regularly scheduled close of the NYSE. The NAV per share for each class of a fund is calculated by subtracting the liabilities of each class from its total assets and dividing the resulting number by the number of shares outstanding for that class. We generally price securities and other assets for which market quotations are readily available at their market value. The value of foreign securities may change on days when a shareholder will not be able to purchase or redeem fund shares because foreign markets are open at times and on days when US markets are not. We price fixed income securities on the basis of valuations provided to us by an independent pricing service that uses methods approved by the Board. For all other securities, we use methods approved by the Board that are designed to price securities at their fair market values.

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Fair valuation

When the Funds use fair value pricing, they may take into account any factors they deem appropriate. The Funds may determine fair value based upon developments related to a specific security, current valuations of foreign stock indices (as reflected in US futures markets), and/or US sector or broad stock market indices. In determining whether market quotations are readily available or fair valuation will be used, various factors will be taken into consideration, such as market closures or suspension of trading in a security. The prices of securities used by the Funds to calculate their NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities. Fair value pricing may involve subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security could be materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of that security.

The Funds anticipate using fair value pricing for securities primarily traded on US exchanges only under very limited circumstances, such as the early closing of the exchange on which a security is traded or suspension of trading in the security. The Funds may use fair value pricing more frequently for securities traded primarily in non-US markets because, among other things, most foreign markets close well before the Funds value their securities, normally at 4:00pm ET or the close of the NYSE. The earlier close of these foreign markets gives rise to the possibility that significant events, including broad market moves, may have occurred in the interim. To account for this, the Funds may frequently value many foreign equity securities using fair value prices based on third-party vendor modeling tools to the extent available.

The Board has delegated responsibility for valuing the Funds’ assets to a Pricing Committee of the Manager, which operates under the policies and procedures approved by the Board and is subject to the Boards’ oversight.

Retirement plans

Retirement and other Tax-Advantaged Savings Plans

To shelter your savings from income taxes

Retirement and other tax-advantaged savings plans allow individuals to shelter investment income and capital gains from current income taxes. In addition, contributions to these accounts (other than Roth IRAs and Coverdell education savings accounts) may be tax-deductible. A majority of these types of savings plans carry up to an $18 annual fee (which fee may be increased at the discretion of the Distributor), subject to certain waivers. Please contact your tax advisor for further information.

Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) allow eligible individuals with earned income to invest up to the maximum permitted contribution for that year (Annual Dollar Limit). For 2022, the Annual Dollar Limit is $6,000, which amount will be indexed for inflation in $500 increments thereafter. For individuals who have attained age 50 by the last day of the taxable year for which a contribution is made, the Annual Dollar Limit is increased to include a “catch-up” contribution. The maximum annual catch-up contribution is $1,000. The maximum annual contribution for an individual and his or her spouse is the sum of their separate Annual Dollar Limits or, if less, the couple’s combined earned income for the taxable year. An individual’s maximum IRA contribution for a taxable year is reduced by the amount of any contributions that individual makes to a Roth IRA for that year.

 

IRA Rollovers allow assets deposited from eligible retirement plans to remain tax-sheltered, and any earnings grow tax- deferred until distributed in cash.

 

Roth IRAs allow eligible individuals to make nondeductible contributions up to the Annual Dollar Limit per year. The maximum annual contribution for an individual and his or her spouse is the sum of their separate Annual Dollar Limits or, if less, the couple’s combined earned income for the taxable year. A Roth IRA contribution of a working individual and his or her spouse also is subject to an annual adjusted gross income (AGI) limitation. An individual’s maximum Roth IRA contribution for a taxable year is reduced by the amount of any contributions that individual makes to a traditional IRA for that year. Withdrawals of earnings may be tax-free if the account is at least five years old and certain other requirements are met.
In addition, certain distributions from traditional IRAs, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs (if more than two years old) and eligible employer-sponsored retirement plans may be rolled over to a Roth IRA, and any of the IRA plan-types may be converted to a Roth IRA; the earnings, deductible and pre-tax contribution portions of the rollover distributions and conversions are, however, subject to federal income tax.

 

Simplified Employee Pension Plans (SEP IRAs) provide small business owners or those with self-employed income (and their eligible employees) with many of the same advantages and contribution limits as a profit-sharing plan but with fewer administrative requirements.

 

Savings Incentive Match Plans for Employees IRA (SIMPLE IRAs) can be established by employers with 100 or fewer employees to contribute to, and allow their employees to contribute a portion of their wages on a pre-tax basis to, retirement accounts. This plan-type generally involves fewer administrative requirements than 401(k) or other Qualified Plans.

 

Owner-Only Plans allow self-employed individuals and their spouses (who work for and receive wages from the business), or partners of general partnerships and their spouses (who work for and receive wages from the business), to make tax-deductible contributions for themselves of up to 100% of their adjusted annual earned income, with a maximum of $61,000 for a “limitation year” (usually the “plan year”) under the applicable plan that ends in 2022. This plan-type does not include 401(k) or Roth 401(k) options.

 

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Individual 401(k)/Exclusive(k)® Plans allow self-employed individuals and their spouses (who work for and receive wages from the business), or partners of general partnerships and their spouses (who work for and receive wages from the business), to make tax-deductible contributions for themselves, including deferrals, of up to 100% of their adjusted annual earned income with a maximum of $61,000 for a “limitation year” (usually the “plan year”) under the applicable plan that ends in 2022. A Roth 401(k) contribution option also may be available within a qualified 401(k) Plan. Individuals who have attained age 50 by the last day of the taxable year for which a contribution also is made may make a “catch-up” contribution up to $6,500 for 2022.

 

Multi-Participant 401(k) Plans allow employees of eligible employers to set aside tax-deferred income for retirement purposes, and in some cases, employers will match their contribution dollar-for-dollar up to certain limits. A Roth 401(k) contribution option also may be available within a qualified 401(k) Plan.

 

Other 401(a) Pension and Profit-Sharing Plans allow corporations, labor unions, governments, or other organizations of all sizes to make tax-deductible contributions to employees.

 

403(b)(7) Custodial Accounts are available to certain employees of educational institutions, churches and Code Section 501(c)(3) (that is, tax-exempt charitable and certain other) organizations. For certain grandfathered accounts, a Roth 403(b) contribution option also may be available.

 

457(b) Plans allow employees of state and local governments and certain tax-exempt organizations to contribute a portion of their compensation on a tax-deferred basis.

 

Coverdell Education Savings Accounts are established for the benefit of a minor, with nondeductible contributions up to $2,000 per taxable year, and permit tax-free withdrawals to pay for certain qualified education expenses of the beneficiary. Special rules apply where the beneficiary is a special needs person.

 

Document delivery

Reports

Statements and reports sent to you include the following:

confirmation statements (after every purchase (other than those purchases made through Automatic Investment Service), after every exchange (other than rebalance-related exchange transactions for SPA and MAP products) and after every transfer or redemption)

 

quarter-to-date statements (quarterly)

 

year-to-date statements (after the end of the fourth calendar quarter)

 

Annual and Semiannual Reports to shareholders (every six months)

 

To avoid sending duplicate copies of materials to households and thereby reduce expenses, only one copy of a Fund’s most recent prospectus and/or summary prospectus and Annual and Semiannual Reports to shareholders may be mailed to shareholders having the same last name and address in the Fund’s records. The consolidation of these mailings, called householding, benefits the Fund through reduced mailing expense. You may call the telephone number listed for Client Services if you need additional copies of the documents. You also may visit ivyinvestments.com to view and/or download these documents, as well as other information about each Fund.

You may elect to receive your quarterly statements and/or prospectus and shareholder reports electronically. In order to do so, go to the Individual Investor

Accounts — Access Your Account Online feature available via ivyinvestments.com.

Shareholders or financial intermediaries must contact the Funds regarding any errors or discrepancies within twelve months of the date of the confirmation or other account statement; except that, with respect to unfulfilled Letters of Intent, the Funds must be contacted within fifteen months. If there is a delay in reporting an error or discrepancy, the Funds may be unable to adjust your account.

Inactive accounts

Please note that your account may be required to transfer to the appropriate state if no activity occurs in the account within the time period specified by state law.

How to redeem shares

Selling Shares

You can arrange to take money out of your Fund account at any time by selling (redeeming) some or all of your shares.

The redemption price (price to sell one share of a particular class of a Fund) is the next calculated NAV per share of that Fund class, subject to any applicable CDSC.

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If your shares are not held in a Direct Account, please contact your broker-dealer, plan administrator, third-party record keeper or other applicable financial intermediary to sell shares of the Funds.

By telephone or internet: Generally, you (and your financial professional when expressly authorized by you) are automatically eligible to redeem your shares by telephone or internet as set forth below. You may request to receive payment of your redemption proceeds via direct ACH (for Class A or Class C) or via wire (for Class A or Class C shares). A fee of $10 per transaction will be charged for wire redemptions on all classes except Class I and Y. To redeem your Class A or Class C shares, call 888 923-3355 or place your redemption order at ivyinvestments.com (where permitted), and give your instructions to redeem your shares via ACH or via wire, as applicable. To redeem your Class I and Y shares, submit a written request at the address below and give your instructions to redeem your shares via ACH or via wire, as applicable. You may also request a redemption by check to the address on the account (provided the address has not been changed within the last 30 days). For your protection, banking information generally must be established on your account for a minimum of 10 days before either a wire redemption or ACH redemption will be processed. Requests by internet can only be accepted for amounts up to $50,000 per Fund per day. WISC can send redemption proceeds via wire only to a United States domestic bank. Foreign wires are not permitted. The ability to submit ACH redemption transactions is dependent on having your bank information on your mutual fund account. Please contact your financial professional to add ACH transaction capability. To remove this automatic option, please call 888 923-3355 or submit a written request at the address above.

To sell Class A shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund by check: If you have elected this method in your application or by subsequent authorization, the Fund will provide you with checks drawn on UMB Bank, n.a. You may make these checks payable to the order of any payee in any amount of $250 or more.

By mail: Complete an Account Service Request or Retirement Plan Distribution/Withdrawal form, available from your financial advisor, or write a letter of instruction with:

the name on the account registration

 

the Fund’s name

 

the account number

 

the dollar amount or number, and the class, of shares to be redeemed

 

any other applicable special requirements listed in the table below

 

Deliver the form or your letter to your financial advisor, or mail it to: WI Services Company, P.O. Box 219722 Kansas City, MO 64121-9722

Unless otherwise instructed, a check will be sent to the address on the account. For your protection, the address of record must not have been changed within 30 days prior to your redemption request.

When you place an order to sell shares, your shares will be sold at the NAV next calculated, subject to any applicable CDSC, after receipt of a request for redemption in good order by WISC or other authorized Fund agent as described above. Note the following:

If more than one person owns the shares and it is requested that the redemption check be made payable to the order of all owners and mailed to the address of record for the account, the authorization of only one joint owner is required. Otherwise, each owner must sign the redemption request.

 

If you recently purchased the shares by check or ACH, the Fund may delay payment of redemption proceeds. You may arrange for the bank upon which the purchase check was drawn to provide telephone or written assurance, satisfactory to the Fund, that the check has cleared and been honored. If you do not, payment of the redemption proceeds on these shares will be delayed until the earlier of ten days from the date of purchase or the date the Fund can verify that your purchase check has cleared and been honored.

 

Redemptions may be suspended or payment dates postponed on days when the NYSE is closed (other than weekends or holidays), when trading on the NYSE is restricted or as permitted by the SEC.

 

Under normal circumstances, the Funds anticipate that payment of redemption proceeds will be made within 3 business days after receipt of a request for redemption in good order, regardless of the method by which such order is placed. However, each Fund reserves the right to take up to 7 days to pay out redemption proceeds after receipt of a request for redemption in good order, as permitted by the 1940 Act.

 

Although payment of redemption proceeds normally is made in cash, redemptions may be made in portfolio securities under certain conditions and circumstances as determined by the Board, such as during times of stressed market conditions or when conditions exist that make cash payments undesirable. Cash used for redemptions typically will be raised from the sale of portfolio assets or may come from a Fund’s existing holdings of cash or cash equivalents.

 

The Fund is obligated to redeem shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its NAV during any 90-day period for any one shareholder.

 

If you purchased shares of a Fund from certain broker-dealers, banks or other authorized third parties, you may sell those shares through those firms, some of which may charge you a fee and may have additional requirements to sell Fund shares. For firms that perform account transactions systematically through the NSCC, the Fund will be deemed to have received your order to sell shares when that firm (or its designee) has received your order in proper form. Your

 

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order will receive the NAV of the redeemed class, subject to any applicable CDSC, next calculated after the order has been received in proper form by the authorized firm (or its designee). Therefore, if your order is received in proper form by that firm before 4:00pm Eastern Time on a day on which the NYSE is open, you should generally receive that day’s offering price. If your order is received in proper form by that firm after 4:00pm Eastern Time, you should generally receive the offering price next calculated on the following business day. If the firm does not perform account transactions systematically through the NSCC and has not entered into an agreement permitting it to aggregate orders it receives prior to 4:00pm Eastern Time and transmit such orders to the Fund on or before the following business day, you will receive the NAV next calculated after the order has been received in proper form by WISC. You should consult that firm to determine the time by which it must receive your order for you to sell shares at that day’s price.

Broker-dealers that perform account purchase and redemption transactions for their clients are responsible for obtaining their clients’ permission to perform those transactions and are responsible to their clients who are shareholders of the Fund if the broker-dealer performs any transaction erroneously or improperly.

 

Special Requirement for Selling Shares

Account Type

Special Requirements

Individual

The written instructions must be signed exactly as the name appears on the account.

Joint Tenant

If more than one person owns the shares and it is requested that the redemption check be made payable to the order of all owners and mailed to the address of record for the account, the written instructions may be signed by only one joint owner. Otherwise, the written instructions must be signed by each owner, exactly as their names appear on the account.

Sole Proprietorship

The written instructions must be signed by the individual owner of the business.

UGMA, UTMA

The custodian must sign the written instructions indicating capacity as custodian.

Retirement Account

The written instructions must be signed by a properly authorized person (e.g., employer, plan administrator, or trustee).

Trust

The trustee must sign the written instructions indicating capacity as trustee. If the trustee’s name is not in the account registration, provide a currently certified copy of the trust document.

Business or Organization

At least one person authorized by corporate resolution to act on the account must sign the written instructions.

Conservator, Guardian or Other Fiduciary

The written instructions must be signed by the person properly authorized by court order to act in the particular fiduciary capacity.

A Fund may require a signature guarantee in certain situations such as:

a redemption request made by a corporation, partnership or fiduciary

 

a redemption request made by someone other than the owner of record

 

the check is made payable to someone other than the owner of record

 

a check redemption request if the address on the account has been changed within the last 30 calendar days

 

This requirement is to protect you and the Funds from fraud. You can obtain a signature guarantee from most banks and securities dealers, but not from a notary public.

Each Fund reserves the right to redeem at NAV all of your Fund shares in your account if the account balance of those shares is less than $650. The Fund will give you notice and 60 calendar days to purchase a sufficient number of additional shares to bring the account balance of your shares in that Fund to $650. These redemptions will not be subject to a CDSC. The Fund will not apply its redemption right to retirement accounts.

You may reinvest, without a sales charge, all or part of the amount of Class A shares of a Fund you redeemed by sending to the applicable Fund the amount you want to reinvest. The reinvested amounts must be received by a Fund within 90 calendar days for Class A shares after the date of your redemption, and the reinvestment must be made into a Transaction Fund and class of shares from which it was redeemed (minimum investment amounts will apply). You may do this only once each calendar year with Class A shares of a Fund. This privilege may be eliminated or modified at any time without prior notice to shareholders. Purchases made pursuant to the AIS, payroll deduction or regularly scheduled contributions made by an employer on behalf of its employees are not eligible for purchases at NAV under this policy.

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The CDSC, if equal to or greater than $10, will not apply to the proceeds of Class A (as applicable) or Class C shares of a Fund which are redeemed and then reinvested in shares of the same class of the Fund within 90 calendar days after such redemption. The Distributor will, with your reinvestment, instruct WISC, the Funds’ transfer agent, to reimburse the CDSC attributable to the amount reinvested (provided that the CDSC is equal to or greater than $10). For purposes of determining a future CDSC, the reinvestment will be treated as a new investment. You may do this only once each calendar year as to Class A shares of a Fund and once each calendar year as to Class C shares of a Fund. The reinvestment must be made into a Transaction Fund and class of shares from which it had been redeemed. This privilege may be eliminated or modified at any time without prior notice to shareholders. Purchases made pursuant to the AIS, payroll deduction or regularly scheduled contributions made by an employer on behalf of its employees are not eligible for purchases at NAV under this policy.

Limitations on Redemptions of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund

The SEC has implemented a number of requirements, including liquidity fees and temporary redemption gates, for money market funds based on the amount of Fund assets that are “weekly liquid assets,” which generally includes cash, direct obligations of the U.S. government, certain other U.S. government or agency securities and securities that will mature or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within five business days.

The Fund has adopted policies and procedures that permit the Fund to impose liquidity fees on redemptions and/or temporarily suspend redemptions (“gating”). Pursuant to these policies and procedures, if the Fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 30% of its total assets, the Fund may impose a liquidity fee of up to 2% of the value of the shares redeemed or temporarily suspend redemptions, if the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, determines that the fee or suspension of redemptions is in the best interests of the Fund. The Fund may not suspend redemptions for more than 10 business days in any 90-day period. In addition, if the Fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 10% of its total assets at the end of any business day, the Fund must impose a liquidity fee of 1% of the value of the shares redeemed unless the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, determines that imposing such a fee is not in the best interests of the Fund or that a lower or higher fee level (not to exceed 2% of the value of the shares redeemed) is in the best interests of the Fund. Such a fee would remain in effect until weekly liquid assets increase to 30% or more of the Fund’s total assets or the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, determines that the fee is no longer in the best interests of the Fund. All liquidity fees payable by shareholders of the Fund would be payable to the Fund and could offset any losses realized by the Fund when seeking to honor redemption requests during times of market stress. The Fund expects to treat such liquidity fees as not constituting income to the Fund. If liquidity fees are imposed or redemptions are temporarily suspended, the Fund will notify shareholders on the Fund’s website or by press release. In addition to identifying the Fund, such notifications will include the Fund’s percentage of total assets invested in weekly liquid assets, the time of implementation of the liquidity fee and/or redemption gate and details regarding the amount of the liquidity fee.

A liquidity fee imposed by the Fund will reduce the amount you will receive upon the redemption of your shares and will decrease the amount of any capital gain or increase the amount of any capital loss you will recognize from such redemption. Although there is some degree of uncertainty with respect to the tax treatment of liquidity fees received by money market funds, it is anticipated at this time that a liquidity fee will have no tax effect for the Fund. As the tax treatment will likely be the subject of future guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the Fund will re-visit the applicable tax treatment of liquidity fees when they are received.

The Fund may suspend redemptions during any period in which there are emergency conditions, including circumstances when the Board has determined it is appropriate to liquidate the Fund, as provided in the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. In addition, the SEC may by order permit suspension of redemptions for the protection of shareholders of the Fund.

If the Fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 10% of its assets on a business day, the Fund may cease honoring redemptions and liquidate at the discretion of the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. Prior to suspending redemptions, the Fund would be required to notify the SEC of its decision to liquidate and suspend redemptions. If the Fund ceases honoring redemptions and determines to liquidate, the Fund expects that it would notify shareholders on the Fund’s website or by press release. Distributions to shareholders of liquidation proceeds may occur in one or more disbursements.

Telephone Transactions

The Funds and their agents will not be liable for following instructions communicated by telephone that they reasonably believe to be genuine. WISC, the Funds’ transfer agent, will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone are genuine. If WISC fails to do so, WISC may be liable for losses due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. Current procedures relating to instructions communicated by telephone include tape recording instructions, requiring personal identification and providing written confirmations of transactions effected pursuant to such instructions

Investor services

If you are investing through certain third-party broker dealers, please contact your plan administrator or other record keeper for information about your account.

If you have established an account that is maintained on the Funds’ shareholder servicing system, WISC can provide you with assistance in the servicing of your account. However, WISC cannot provide you with any investment advice or make any recommendations regarding the advisability of acquiring, holding, disposing or exchanging mutual fund shares in your account or make any recommendation of a person to provide you with investment advice. Any transactions requested by you will be considered unsolicited and not based upon any advice or recommendation by WISC, its affiliated companies, or any of their employees or representatives.

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If you have identified a financial intermediary to provide you with investment advice or recommendations related to your account and the financial intermediary is contractually authorized to service your account, WISC can assist you with completing the necessary documentation so that a financial advisor can be assigned to your account.

Personal Service

Your local financial advisor is available to provide personal service. Additionally, a toll-free call, 888 923-3355, connects you to a Client Services Representative or our automated customer telephone service. During normal business hours, the Client Services staff is available to answer your questions or update your account records. The Client Services Representative can help you:

obtain information about your accounts

 

obtain price information about other funds within the Transaction Funds

 

obtain any Fund’s current prospectus, SAI, Annual Report, or other information about any of the Transaction Funds

 

request duplicate statements

 

transact certain account activity, including exchange privileges and redemption of shares

 

At almost any time of the day or night, you may access your account information from a touch-tone phone through our automated customer telephone service, provided your account is maintained on the Funds’ shareholder servicing system; otherwise, you should contact the broker-dealer through which you purchased your Fund shares.

Internet Service

The Transaction Funds website, ivyinvestments.com, also is available. If you do not currently have an account established that is maintained on the Funds’ shareholder servicing system, you may use the website to obtain information about the Funds, including accessing a Fund’s current prospectus, SAI, Annual Report or other information. If you have an account set up that is maintained on the Funds’ shareholder servicing system, you also may use the website to obtain information about your account, and to transact certain account activity, including exchange privileges and redemption of shares for certain share classes, if you have established Express Transactions for your account.

Exchange of Shares

You may generally exchange all or part of your shares for shares of the same class of another Delaware Fund without paying a front-end sales charge or a CDSC at the time of the exchange. However, if you exchange shares from a fund that does not have a sales charge, you will pay any applicable sales charge on your new shares. You do not pay sales charges on shares that you acquired through the reinvestment of dividends. You may have to pay taxes on your exchange. When you exchange shares, you are purchasing shares in another fund, so you should be sure to get a copy of the fund’s prospectus and read it carefully before buying shares through an exchange. We may refuse the purchase side of any exchange request if, in the Manager’s judgment, a fund would be unable to invest effectively in accordance with its investment objective and policies or would otherwise potentially be adversely affected. Please see the Section of this Prospectus entitled “Limitations on Exchanges” if you are a shareholder of a Transaction Fund.

Except as otherwise noted, you may sell (redeem) your shares and buy shares of the same class of another fund within the Delaware Funds without the payment of an additional sales charge if you exchange Class A shares or without payment of a CDSC when you exchange Class C shares, or certain Class A shares. For Class C shares, or Class A shares to which the CDSC would otherwise apply, the time period for the CDSC will continue to run. However, exchanges of Class A shares from Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund are subject to any sales charge applicable to the fund being exchanged into, unless Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund shares were previously acquired by an exchange from Class A shares of another Delaware Fund for which a sales charge was paid (or represent reinvestment of dividends and other distributions paid on such shares).You may sell your Class I or Class Y shares of any of the Funds within the Delaware Funds and buy Class I or Class Y shares, respectively, of another fund within the Delaware Funds or Class A shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund. Class A shares of any of the Funds within the Delaware Funds also may be exchanged for shares of InvestEd Portfolios.

Class C shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund are not available for direct investment. Therefore, you may utilize Class A shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund for systematic exchanges into Class C shares of a non-money market Fund.

Except as otherwise noted, you may sell your Class R6 shares of a Fund within the Delaware Funds and buy Class R6 shares of another fund within the Delaware Funds that offers Class R6 shares. Contact your plan administrator or record keeper for information about exchanging your shares.

You may exchange only into funds the shares of which are legally permitted for sale in your state of residence. Currently, shares of each fund within the Transaction Funds may be sold only within the United States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands. In addition, shares of each fund within the Delaware Funds also may be sold in Guam. Note that exchanges out of a Fund may have tax consequences for you. See “Dividends, distributions and taxes — Taxes”. Before exchanging into a fund, read its prospectus.

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Important Exchange Information

Except as otherwise noted, you must exchange into the same share class you currently own.

 

An exchange is considered a taxable event and may result in a capital gain or a capital loss for federal tax purposes.

 

How to Exchange

If you are investing through certain third-party broker dealers, contact your plan administrator or other record keeper for information about how to exchange.

If you have an account set up that is maintained on the Fund’s shareholder servicing system, the following applies:

By mail: Send your written exchange request to WISC at the address listed under Selling Shares.

By telephone: Call WISC at 888 923-3355 to authorize an exchange transaction. To process your exchange order by telephone, you must have telephone exchange privileges on your account. For the protection of Fund shareholders, the transfer agent for the Funds employs reasonable procedures that require personal identification prior to acting on exchange instructions communicated by telephone to confirm that such instructions are genuine.

By internet: You will be allowed to exchange by internet if (1) you have established the internet trading option; and (2) you can provide proper identification information.

If your individual account is not maintained on the Funds’ shareholder servicing system, please contact your broker-dealer, plan administrator or third-party record keeper to exchange shares of the Funds.

Converting Shares

Self-Directed Conversions. Subject to the requirements set forth below, you may be eligible to convert your Class A, Class C, Class I or Class Y shares to another share class within the same fund.

If you hold Class A, Class C or Class Y shares and are eligible to purchase Class I shares or Class R6 shares as described above in the sections entitled Class I Shares or Class R6 Shares, you may be eligible to convert your Class A, Class C or Class Y shares to Class I shares or Class R6 shares of the same fund.

 

If you hold Class I shares and are eligible to purchase Class R6 shares, as described in the section entitled Class R6 Shares, you may be eligible to convert your Class I shares to Class R6 shares of the same fund.

 

If you hold Class C shares and are eligible to purchase Class A shares at NAV, you may be eligible to convert your Class C shares to Class A shares of the same fund.

 

A conversion from Class A or Class C to another share class will be subject to any deferred sales charge to which your Class A shares or Class C shares are subject. If you convert from one class of shares to another, the transaction will be based on the respective NAVs per share of the two classes on the trade date for the conversion. Consequently, a conversion may provide you with fewer shares or more shares than you originally owned, depending on that day’s NAVs per share. At the time of conversion, the total dollar value of your “old” shares will equal the total dollar value of your “new” shares. However, subsequent share price fluctuations may decrease or increase the total dollar value of your “new” shares compared with that of your “old” shares.

Please contact WISC directly to request a conversion. A self-directed conversion is subject to the discretion of the Distributor to permit or reject. A conversion between share classes of the same fund is not a taxable event.

Automatic Conversions. If you hold Class A shares in any MAP or SPA program account, your Class A shares automatically will be converted to Class I shares of the same Fund. In addition, if you hold Class I shares in any MAP or SPA program account, and your participation in that MAP or SPA program is terminated for any reason, your Class I shares may be automatically converted to Class A shares of the same Fund which have higher expenses (including Rule 12b-1 fees) than the expenses of the Class I shares. Any automatic conversion would occur without the imposition of any applicable upfront or deferred sales charges and will be based on the respective NAVs per share of the two classes on the trade date of the conversion. You will receive prior notice before your shares are converted from Class I to Class A shares.

If you hold Class I shares through a ‘wrap fee’ or asset allocation program or other fee-based arrangement sponsored by a nonaffiliated broker-dealer or other financial institution that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor, but subsequently become ineligible to participate in the program or withdraw from the program, you may be subject to conversion of your Class I shares by the program provider to another class of shares of the Fund having expenses (including Rule 12b-1 fees) that may be higher than the expenses of the Class I shares. Such conversion would occur without the imposition of any applicable upfront or deferred sales charges and will be based on the respective NAVs per share of the two classes on the trade date of the conversion. You should contact your program provider to obtain information about your eligibility for the provider’s program and the class of shares you would receive upon such a conversion.

 

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Automatic Transactions for Class A and Class C Shareholders

Regular Investment Plans allow you to transfer money into your Fund account, or between Fund accounts, automatically. While Regular Investment Plans do not guarantee a profit and will not protect you against loss in a declining market, they can be an excellent way to invest for retirement, a home, educational expenses and other long-term financial goals.

Flexible Withdrawal Plans let you set up ongoing monthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual redemptions from your account. Please see the SAI for additional information.

Certain restrictions and fees imposed by the plan custodian also may apply for retirement accounts. Speak with your financial advisor for more information.

Regular Investment Plans

Automatic Investment Service

To move money from your bank account to an existing Fund account

Minimum Amount

Frequency

$50 (per Fund)

Monthly

Systematic Exchange Service

To systematically exchange from one Fund account to another existing Fund account

Minimum Amount

Frequency

$50 (per Fund)

Monthly

Frequent trading of Fund shares (market timing and disruptive trading)

Market Timing Policy

Each Fund is intended for long-term investment purposes. The Funds will take steps to seek to deter frequent purchases and/or redemptions in Fund shares (market timing activities). Market timing activities, especially those involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt portfolio investment management and may increase expenses and negatively impact investment returns for all Fund shareholders, including long-term shareholders. Market timing activities also may increase the expenses of WISC and/or the Distributor, thereby indirectly affecting a Fund’s shareholders.

Certain funds may be more attractive to investors seeking to engage in market timing activities. For example, to the extent that a Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in foreign securities, the Fund may be susceptible to a time zone arbitrage strategy in which investors seek to take advantage of Fund share prices that may not reflect developments in foreign securities markets that occurred after the close of such market but prior to the pricing of Fund shares. The Funds may fair value securities pursuant to the Funds’ Valuation Procedures; however, there can be no assurance that the Funds’ process to fair value securities will be able to eliminate the arbitrage opportunity in Funds that hold foreign securities.

In addition, a fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded or traded infrequently is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values. An investor may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as price arbitrage). Price arbitrage is more likely to occur in a fund that invests a significant portion of its assets in small-capitalization companies, municipal obligations, or that invests a significant portion of its assets in high-yield fixed-income securities.

To discourage market timing activities by investors, the Board has adopted a market timing policy and has approved the procedures of WISC, the Funds’ transfer agent, for implementing this policy. WISC’s procedures reflect the criteria that it has developed for purposes of identifying trading activity in Fund shares that may be indicative of market timing activities and outline how WISC will monitor transactions in Fund shares. In its monitoring of trading activity in Fund shares, on a periodic basis, WISC typically reviews Fund share transactions that exceed certain monetary thresholds and/or numerical transaction limits within a particular time period.

WISC will follow, monitor and enforce excessive trading policies and procedures. Below is an example of trading activity that would be considered excessive and in violation of the Funds’ market timing policy:

WISC will monitor the number of roundtrip transactions in Fund shares. Any shareholder that has more than two transactions that are considered a change in direction relative to a Fund within a time period determined by WISC may be restricted from making additional purchases of Fund shares. A change in direction

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is defined as any exchange or sale out of a Fund and a second change in direction is an exchange or purchase back into that Fund. Shareholders who reach this limit may be blocked from making additional purchases for 60 days. A second violation can result in a permanent block.

This example is not all-inclusive of the trading activity that may be deemed to violate the Funds’ market timing policy and any trade that is determined as disruptive can lead to a temporary or permanent suspension of trading privileges, in WISC’s sole discretion.

In its attempt to identify market timing activities, WISC considers many factors, including (but not limited to) the example detailed above, and the frequency, size and/or timing of the investor’s transactions in Fund shares.

As an additional step, WISC reviews Fund redemption and purchase activity within various time frames for potentially harmful trading activity. If WISC identifies what it believes are market timing activities in an account held directly on a Fund’s records that has not previously exceeded WISC’s thresholds, WISC will suspend exchange privileges by refusing to accept additional purchases in the account for a pre-determined period of time. If a shareholder exceeds WISC’s thresholds a second time within an 11 month period, exchange privileges will be suspended indefinitely for all accounts owned by the shareholder whose account exceeded the pre-determined thresholds. For trading in Fund shares held in omnibus accounts, WISC will, if possible, place a trading block at a taxpayer identification number level or, if that cannot be accomplished, will contact the associated financial intermediary and request that the intermediary implement trading restrictions. In exercising any of the foregoing rights, WISC will consider the trading history of accounts under common ownership or control within any of the funds within the Transaction Funds. For this purpose, transactions placed through the same financial intermediary on an omnibus basis may be deemed a single investor and may be rejected in whole or in part. Transactions placed in violation of a Fund’s market timing policy are not deemed accepted by the Fund and may be cancelled or revoked by the Fund on the next business day following receipt by the Fund.

In addition, the Distributor has entered into agreements with third-party financial intermediaries that purchase and hold Fund shares on behalf of shareholders through omnibus accounts. In general, these agreements obligate the financial intermediary: (1) upon request by the Distributor, to provide information regarding the shareholders for whom the intermediary holds shares and these shareholders’ Fund share transactions; and (2) to restrict or prohibit further purchases of Fund shares through the financial intermediary’s account by any shareholder identified by the Distributor as having engaged in Fund share transactions that violate a Fund’s market timing policy. The Distributor’s procedures seek to monitor transactions in omnibus accounts so that the Distributor may make such further inquiries and take such other actions it determines appropriate or necessary to enforce the Funds’ market timing policy with respect to shareholders trading through omnibus accounts held by third-party intermediaries.

A Fund seeks to apply its market timing policy uniformly to all shareholders and prospective investors. Although the Funds, the Distributor and WISC make efforts to monitor for market timing activities and will seek the assistance of financial intermediaries through which Fund shares are purchased or held, the Funds cannot always identify or detect excessive trading that may be facilitated by financial intermediaries because the intermediary maintains the underlying shareholder account. In an attempt to detect and deter excessive trading in omnibus accounts, the Funds, the Distributor or WISC may require intermediaries to impose restrictions on the trading activity of accounts traded through those intermediaries (including prohibiting further transactions by such accounts), may require the intermediaries to provide certain information to the Funds regarding shareholders who hold shares through such accounts or may close the omnibus account. The Funds’ ability to impose restrictions for accounts traded through particular intermediaries may vary depending upon systems capabilities, applicable contractual restrictions, and cooperation of those intermediaries. There can be no assurance that the Funds will be able to identify or eliminate all market timing activities, and the Funds may not be able to completely eliminate the possibility of excessive trading in certain omnibus accounts and other accounts traded through intermediaries.

A financial intermediary through which an investor may purchase shares of a Fund also may independently attempt to identify trading it considers inappropriate, which may include frequent or short-term trading, and take steps to deter such activity. In some cases, the intermediary may require the Funds’ consent or direction to undertake those efforts. In other cases, the Funds may elect to allow the intermediary to apply its own policies with respect to frequent trading in lieu of seeking to apply the Funds’ policies to shareholders investing in the Funds through such intermediary, based upon the Funds’ conclusion that the intermediary’s policies sufficiently protect shareholders of the Funds. In either case, the Funds may have little or no ability to modify the parameters or limits on trading activity set by the intermediary. As a result, an intermediary may limit or permit trading activity of its customers who invest in Fund shares using standards different from the standards used by the Funds and discussed in this Prospectus. If an investor purchases a Fund’s shares through a financial intermediary, that investor should contact the intermediary for more information about whether and how restrictions or limitations on trading activity will be applied to that account.

Omnibus account arrangements are common forms of holding shares of the Funds, particularly among certain broker/dealers and other financial intermediaries, including sponsors of retirement plans and variable insurance products. Each Fund attempts to have financial intermediaries apply the Funds’ monitoring procedures to these omnibus accounts and to the individual participants in such accounts. However, the Funds’ ability to detect frequent trading activities by investors that hold shares through financial intermediaries may be limited by the ability and/or willingness of such intermediaries to monitor for these activities. To the extent that a financial intermediary is not able or willing to monitor or enforce the Funds’ frequent trading policy with respect to an omnibus account, the Funds’ transfer agent may work with certain intermediaries (such as investment dealers holding shareholder accounts in street name, retirement plan recordkeepers, insurance company separate accounts, and bank trust companies) to apply their own procedures, provided that the Funds’

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About your account

transfer agent believes the intermediary’s procedures are reasonably designed to enforce the Funds’ frequent trading policies. You should refer to disclosures provided by the intermediaries with which you have an account to determine the specific trading restrictions that apply to you. If the Funds’ transfer agent identifies any activity that may constitute frequent trading, it reserves the right to contact the intermediary and request that the intermediary either provide information regarding an account owner’s transactions or restrict the account owner’s trading. There is no assurance that the information received by the Funds from a financial intermediary will be sufficient to effectively detect or deter excessive trading in omnibus accounts. If the Funds’ transfer agent is not satisfied that the intermediary has taken appropriate action, the transfer agent may terminate the intermediary’s ability to transact in Fund shares, or restrict individual trading activity as applicable.

Due to the complexity and subjectivity involved in identifying market timing activities and the volume of shareholder transactions that WISC processes, there can be no assurance that the Funds’ and WISC’s policies and procedures will identify all trades or trading practices that may be considered market timing activity. WISC may modify its procedures for implementing the Funds’ market timing policy and/or its monitoring criteria at any time without prior notice. The Funds, WISC and/or the Distributor shall not be liable for any loss resulting from rejected purchase orders or exchanges.

A Fund’s market timing policy, in conjunction with the use of fair value pricing, is intended to reduce a shareholder’s ability to engage in market timing activities, although there can be no assurance that a Fund will eliminate market timing activities.

Dividends, distributions, and taxes

Distributions

Each Fund distributes substantially all of its net investment income and net realized capital gains to its shareholders each year. Usually, a Fund distributes net investment income at the following times:

Quarterly in March, June, September and December: Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund, Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Fund, and Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund.

Declared daily and paid monthly: Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund, Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund and Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund.

Declared monthly and paid monthly: Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund, Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund, Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund, and Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund.

Declared annually and paid annually: Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund.

Net realized capital gains (and any net gains from foreign currency transactions) ordinarily are distributed by each Fund in December.

Dividends that are declared for a particular day are paid to shareholders of record on the preceding business day. However, dividends that are declared for a Saturday or Sunday (or for a Monday that is a federal holiday) are paid to shareholders of record on the preceding Thursday (or the preceding business day if that Thursday is a federal holiday).

Ordinarily, shares are eligible to earn dividends starting on the day after they are issued and through the day they are redeemed.

Distribution Options. When you open an account, you may specify on your application how you want to receive your distributions. Each Fund offers two options:

1. Share Payment Option. Your dividends, capital gain and other distributions with respect to a class of the Fund will be automatically paid in additional shares of that class. If you do not indicate a choice on your application, you will be assigned this option.

2. Cash Option. You will be sent a check for your dividends, capital gain and other distributions if the total distribution is at least five dollars. If the total distribution is less than five dollars, it will be automatically paid in additional shares of the distributing class.

For retirement plans and accounts and accounts participating in MAP or SPA, all distributions are automatically paid in additional shares of the distributing class.

Taxes

As with any investment, you should consider how your investment in a Fund will be taxed. If your account is not a retirement account or other tax-advantaged savings plan (and you are not otherwise exempt from federal income tax), you should be aware of the following tax implications:

Taxes on distributions. Each Fund has elected and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under the Code. As a regulated investment company, a Fund generally pays no federal income tax on the income and gains it distributes to you. You will be subject to tax to the extent a Fund

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makes actual or deemed distributions of net income and realized net gains to you. Dividends from a Fund’s investment company taxable income (which includes net investment income, the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss and, for certain Funds, net gains and losses from certain foreign currency transactions, but excluding exempt-interest dividends), if any, generally are taxable to you as ordinary income whether received in cash or paid in additional Fund shares. However, a Fund’s dividends attributable to its “qualified dividend income” (QDI) (i.e., dividends received on stock of most domestic and certain foreign corporations with respect to which the Fund satisfies certain holding period and other restrictions) generally will be subject to federal income tax for individual and certain other noncorporate shareholders (each, an “individual shareholder”) who satisfy those restrictions with respect to their Fund shares at the lower rates for long-term capital gains — a maximum of 15% or 20% for noncorporate shareholders with taxable income exceeding certain thresholds (which are adjusted for inflation annually). A portion of the Fund’s dividends also may be eligible for the dividends- received deduction allowed to corporations (DRD) — the eligible portion may not exceed the aggregate dividends the Fund receives from domestic corporations subject to federal income tax (excluding REITs) and excludes dividends from foreign corporations — subject to similar restrictions.

Distributions of a Fund’s net capital gain (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss, but excluding exempt-interest dividends) are taxable to you as long-term capital gains, whether received in cash or paid in additional Fund shares and regardless of the length of time you have owned your shares. For federal income tax purposes, long-term capital gain an individual or certain other noncorporate shareholder (each, an individual shareholder) realizes generally is taxed at the 15% and 20% maximum rates mentioned above.

For individual shareholders, each Fund notifies you after each calendar year-end as to the amounts of its dividends and other distributions paid (or deemed paid) to you for that year, including what portion of a Fund’s distributions qualifies as tax-exempt income, ordinary income and long-term capital gains.

The use of derivatives by a Fund may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of ordinary income or short-term capital gain, distributions from which are taxable to individual shareholders at ordinary income tax rates rather than at the more favorable tax rates for long-term capital gain.

If a Fund qualifies to pass through to you the tax benefits from foreign taxes it pays on its investments, and elects to do so, then any foreign taxes it pays on these investments may be passed through to you as a foreign tax credit or may be deductible by you in computing your taxable income. A Fund may derive “excess inclusion income” from certain equity interests in mortgage pooling vehicles either directly or through an investment in a US REIT. Please see the SAI for a discussion of the risks and special tax consequences to shareholders in the event a Fund realizes excess inclusion income in excess of certain threshold amounts.

Taxes on transactions. Any capital gain or loss you realize upon a sale of shares generally is treated as long-term capital gain or loss if you hold the shares for more than one year, and as short-term capital gain or loss if you hold the shares for one year or less. Any loss incurred on a redemption or exchange of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributed to you by the Fund on those Shares. Your ability to deduct capital losses realized on a sale of shares may be limited. Your redemption of Fund shares (other than shares of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund) will result in a taxable gain or loss to you, depending on whether the redemption proceeds are more or less than what you paid for the redeemed shares (which normally includes any sales charge paid).

An exchange of Fund shares for shares of any other fund within the Delaware Funds and/or InvestEd Portfolios generally will have similar tax consequences to a redemption thereof. However, special rules apply when you dispose of a Fund’s Class A shares through a redemption or exchange within 90 calendar days after your purchase of those shares and then reacquire Class A shares of that Fund or acquire Class A shares of another fund within the Delaware Funds and/or InvestEd Portfolios by January 31 of the calendar year following the redemption or exchange without paying a sales charge due to the 60-day reinvestment privilege or exchange privilege. See Your Account — Selling Shares. In these cases, any gain on the disposition of the original Class A Fund shares will be increased, or loss decreased, by the amount of the sales charge you paid when you acquired those shares, and that amount will increase the adjusted basis in the shares you subsequently acquire. In addition, if you purchase shares of a Fund within 30 calendar days before or after redeeming other shares of the Fund (regardless of class) at a loss, part or all of that loss will be disallowed and will be added to the basis in the newly purchased shares.

Other. In addition to the requirement to report the gross proceeds from redemptions of shares, each Fund (or its administrative agent) must report to the IRS and furnish to its shareholders the basis information for shares they acquired or acquire after December 31, 2011 (“Covered Shares”), and indicate whether they had a short-term (one year or less) or long-term (more than one year) holding period. A Fund shareholder may elect any IRS-accepted method for determining basis for Covered Shares; however, they must make any elections in writing (which may be electronic). If a shareholder of a Fund fails to affirmatively elect a basis determination method, then basis determination will be made in accordance with the Fund’s default method, which is the average basis method. The basis determination method a Fund shareholder elects (or the default method) may not be changed with respect to a redemption of Covered Shares after the settlement date of the redemption. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisor to determine the best IRS-accepted basis determination method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the basis reporting law applies to them.

An individual is subject to a 3.8% federal tax on the lesser of (1) the individual’s “net investment income” (which generally includes dividends, interest, and net gains from the disposition of investment property, including dividends and capital gain distributions a Fund pays and net gains realized on the redemption or exchange of Fund shares) or (2) the excess of his or her “modified adjusted gross income” over $250,000 for married shareholders filing jointly and $200,000

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for single shareholders. This tax is in addition to any other taxes due on that income. A similar tax applies to estates and trusts. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisor regarding the effect, if any, this provision may have on their investment in Fund shares.

Withholding. Each Fund must withhold 24% of all taxable dividends, and, except in the case of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund, capital gain distributions and redemption proceeds (regardless of the extent to which gain or loss may be realized) otherwise payable to individual shareholders who do not furnish the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number and certain required certifications. Withholding at that rate also is required from taxable dividends and, except in the case of Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund, capital gain distributions otherwise payable to such shareholders who are subject to backup withholding for any other reason.

The income dividends a Fund pays to a non-resident alien individual, foreign corporation or partnership, or foreign trust or estate (each, a “foreign shareholder”) generally are subject to a 30% (or lower treaty rate) federal withholding tax, even if those dividends are attributable to income from a non-US source earned by the Fund. In order to qualify for a reduced treaty rate of withholding, if any, a beneficial owner of shares will need to certify, generally on an IRS Form W-8BEN, that it is a foreign shareholder and provide additional information. Exemptions from US withholding tax are provided to a foreign shareholder that or who so certifies for certain capital gain dividends paid by a Fund from net long-term capital gains, exempt-interest dividends, “qualified net interest income” and “qualified short-term gain” (so-called “interest-related dividends” and “short-term capital gains dividends,” respectively), if such amounts are reported by the Fund. However, notwithstanding such exemptions from US withholding at the source, any such dividends and distributions of income and capital gains will be subject to backup withholding at a rate of 24% if you fail to properly certify that you are not a US person. Foreign shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisor concerning the applicability of US withholding tax.

Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA), a Fund will be required to withhold a 30% tax on income dividends made by the Fund to certain foreign entities, referred to as foreign financial institutions or nonfinancial foreign entities, that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the US Department of the Treasury of US-owned foreign investment accounts. After December 31, 2018, FATCA withholding also would have applied to certain capital gain distributions, return of capital distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares; however, based on proposed regulations issued by the IRS, which can be relied upon currently, such withholding no longer is required unless final regulations provide otherwise (which is not expected). A Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-US taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA or similar laws. Withholding also may be required if a foreign entity that is a shareholder of a Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.

State and local income taxes. The portion of the dividends a Fund pays that is attributable to interest earned on US government securities generally is not subject to state and local taxes, although distributions by any Fund to its shareholders of net realized gains on the sale of those securities, as well as on the sale of municipal bonds, generally are fully subject to such taxes.

You should consult your tax advisor to determine the taxability in your state and locality of dividends and other distributions paid by the Funds.

The foregoing is only a brief summary of some of the important federal income tax considerations generally affecting each Fund and its shareholders; you will find more information in the SAI. There may be other federal, state or local tax considerations applicable to a particular investor. You are urged to consult your own tax advisor.

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Certain management considerations

Investments by fund of funds and similar investment vehicles

The Funds may accept investments from funds of funds, as well as from similar investment vehicles, such as 529 Plans and asset allocation models. A “529 Plan” is a college savings program that operates under Section 529 of the Code. Asset allocation models include the Delaware Funds by Macquarie​® Premier Advisor Platform, which offers asset allocation models using a mix of Delaware Funds. From time to time, a Fund may experience large investments or redemptions due to allocations or rebalancings by these funds of funds and/or similar investment vehicles. While it is impossible to predict the overall impact of these transactions over time, there could be adverse effects on portfolio management. For example, a Fund may be required to sell securities or invest cash at times when it would not otherwise do so. These transactions could also have tax consequences if sales of securities result in gains, and could also increase transaction costs or portfolio turnover.

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Financial highlights

The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand the financial performance of the Funds for the past five years or, if shorter, the period of a Class’s operations. On April 30, 2021, Macquarie Management Holdings, Inc., the US holding company for Macquarie Group Limited’s US asset management business, acquired the investment management business of Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., including Ivy Investment Management Company, the Funds’ prior investment manager. The performance shown from before April 30, 2021 are from the Funds’ prior investment manager. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Funds (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). The information for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, whose report, along with the Funds’ financial statements, is included in the Funds’ annual report, which is available upon request by calling 888 923-3355. For the fiscal years ended prior to September 30, 2021, the Funds’ prior independent registered public accounting firm audited the Funds’ financial statements.

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund (formerly, Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.21

   

0.21

   

0.26

   

0.26

   

0.26

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.20

   

(0.11

)

 

0.60

   

(0.16

)

 

0.14

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.41

   

0.10

   

0.86

   

0.10

   

0.40

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.20

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.24

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.02

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.20

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.24

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.68

   

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

 
Total return3

 

 

3.97%

   

1.01%

   

8.73%

   

0.89%

   

4.17%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$15

   

$19

   

$17

   

$14

   

$8

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.78%

   

0.60%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.33%

   

1.23%

   

1.29%

   

1.32%

   

1.12%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.94%

   

2.03%

   

2.54%

   

2.56%

   

2.62%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.41%

   

1.60%

   

2.05%

   

2.02%

   

2.10%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

16%

   

9%

   

10%

   

10%

   

7%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from October 3, 2016 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

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Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund (formerly, Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.12

   

0.12

   

0.17

   

0.17

   

0.19

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.20

   

(0.11

)

 

0.60

   

(0.17

)

 

0.16

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.32

   

0.01

   

0.77

   

‑*

   

0.35

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.12

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.17

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.19

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.02

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.12

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.17

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.19

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.68

   

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

 
Total return3

 

 

3.09%

   

0.13%

   

7.81%

   

-0.07%

   

3.53%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$2

   

$2

   

$2

   

$2

   

$2

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.65%

   

1.67%

   

1.66%

   

1.63%

   

1.33%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

2.10%

   

2.02%

   

2.06%

   

2.08%

   

1.85%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.09%

   

1.16%

   

1.69%

   

1.70%

   

1.88%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.64%

   

0.81%

   

1.29%

   

1.25%

   

1.36%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

16%

   

9%

   

10%

   

10%

   

7%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from October 3, 2016 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

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Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund (formerly, Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.23

   

0.23

   

0.28

   

0.28

   

0.28

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.21

   

(0.10

)

 

0.60

   

(0.16

)

 

0.13

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.44

   

0.13

   

0.88

   

0.12

   

0.41

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.24

)

 

(0.23

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.25

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.02

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.24

)

 

(0.23

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.30

)

 

(0.25

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.68

   

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

 
Total return3

 

 

4.18%

   

1.21%

   

8.95%

   

1.10%

   

4.31%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$9

   

$13

   

$13

   

$11

   

$7

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.60%

   

0.60%

   

0.60%

   

0.58%

   

0.43%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.21%

   

1.12%

   

1.16%

   

1.20%

   

0.95%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.12%

   

2.23%

   

2.75%

   

2.74%

   

2.87%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.51%

   

1.71%

   

2.19%

   

2.12%

   

2.35%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

16%

   

9%

   

10%

   

10%

   

7%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from October 3, 2016 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

198


 

Delaware Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund (formerly, Ivy California Municipal High Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class Y shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.21

   

0.21

   

0.26

   

0.25

   

0.25

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.20

   

(0.11

)

 

0.60

   

(0.15

)

 

0.15

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.41

   

0.10

   

0.86

   

0.10

   

0.40

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.20

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.24

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.02

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.20

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.24

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.68

   

$10.48

   

$10.58

   

$9.98

   

$10.16

 
Total return3

 

 

3.97%

   

1.01%

   

8.73%

   

0.93%

   

4.09%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$1

   

$1

   

$1

   

$1

   

$1

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.78%

   

0.60%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.45%

   

1.35%

   

1.40%

   

1.44%

   

1.23%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.96%

   

2.03%

   

2.55%

   

2.56%

   

2.54%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.31%

   

1.48%

   

1.95%

   

1.90%

   

1.91%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

16%

   

9%

   

10%

   

10%

   

7%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from October 3, 2016 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

199


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund (formerly, Ivy Cash Management Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.00*

   

0.01

   

0.02

   

0.01

   

0.00*

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.00

   

0.00

   

0.00*

   

0.00*

   

0.00*

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.00*

   

0.01

   

0.02

   

0.01

   

0.00*

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

‑*

   

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.01

)

 

‑*

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

‑*

   

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.01

)

 

‑*

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

 
Total return2

 

 

0.01%

   

0.69%

   

1.87%

   

1.11%

   

0.27%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$454

   

$1,573

   

$1,257

   

$1,281

   

$1,378

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.18%

   

0.58%

   

0.71%

   

0.75%

   

0.74%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

0.59%

   

0.63%

   

   

   

0.75%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.01%

   

0.64%

   

1.86%

   

1.03%

   

0.27%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

(0.40%

)

 

0.59%

   

   

   

0.26%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

200


 

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund (formerly, Ivy Cash Management Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.00*

   

0.00

   

0.01

   

0.00*

   

0.00*

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.00

   

0.00

   

0.00*

   

0.00*

   

0.00*

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.00*

   

0.00

   

0.01

   

0.00*

   

0.00*

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

‑*

   

‑*

   

(0.01

)

 

‑*

   

‑*

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

‑*

   

‑*

   

(0.01

)

 

‑*

   

‑*

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

   

$1.00

 
Total return2

 

 

0.01%

   

0.17%

   

0.91%

   

0.24%

   

0.02%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$1

   

$2

   

$1

   

$1

   

$2

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.18%

   

0.98%

   

1.65%

   

1.55%

   

0.98%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.56%

   

1.53%

   

   

1.68%

   

1.61%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.02%

   

0.12%

   

0.93%

   

0.08%

   

0.02%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

(1.36%

)

 

(0.43%

)

 

   

(0.05%

)

 

(0.61%

)

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

201


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Corporate Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$6.90

   

$6.54

   

$6.02

   

$6.27

   

$6.51

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.13

   

0.15

   

0.16

   

0.15

   

0.13

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.01

)

 

0.37

   

0.52

   

(0.26

)

 

(0.12

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.12

   

0.52

   

0.68

   

(0.11

)

 

0.01

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.14

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.14

)

 

(0.14

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.34

)

 

   

   

   

(0.11

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.14

)

 

(0.25

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$6.54

   

$6.90

   

$6.54

   

$6.02

   

$6.27

 
Total return2

 

 

1.59%

   

8.07%

   

11.48%

   

-1.72%

   

0.39%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$333

   

$355

   

$348

   

$364

   

$437

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.96%

   

1.00%

   

1.02%

   

1.05%

   

0.98%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

   

   

   

1.05%

   

0.99%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.89%

   

2.26%

   

2.54%

   

2.41%

   

2.09%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

‑%

   

   

   

2.41%

   

2.08%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

72%

   

84%

   

63%

   

29%

   

42%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

202


 

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Corporate Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$6.89

   

$6.53

   

$6.01

   

$6.26

   

$6.50

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.07

   

0.09

   

0.10

   

0.09

   

0.08

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.01

)

 

0.37

   

0.52

   

(0.25

)

 

(0.12

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.06

   

0.46

   

0.62

   

(0.16

)

 

(0.04

)

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.09

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.34

)

 

   

   

   

(0.11

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.42

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.20

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$6.53

   

$6.89

   

$6.53

   

$6.01

   

$6.25

 
Total return2

 

 

0.68%

   

7.13%

   

10.52%

   

-2.63%

   

-0.46%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$2

   

$4

   

$4

   

$4

   

$8

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.84%

   

1.89%

   

1.92%

   

1.94%

   

1.85%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

‑%

   

   

   

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.02%

   

1.37%

   

1.64%

   

1.48%

   

1.22%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

‑%

   

   

   

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

72%

   

84%

   

63%

   

29%

   

42%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

203


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Corporate Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$6.90

   

$6.54

   

$6.02

   

$6.27

   

$6.51

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.14

   

0.17

   

0.18

   

0.17

   

0.15

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.01

)

 

0.37

   

0.52

   

(0.26

)

 

(0.12

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.13

   

0.54

   

0.70

   

(0.09

)

 

0.02

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.15

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.16

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.34

)

 

   

   

   

(0.11

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.27

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$6.54

   

$6.90

   

$6.54

   

$6.02

   

$6.27

 
Total return2

 

 

1.87%

   

8.39%

   

11.84%

   

-1.41%

   

0.68%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$442

   

$460

   

$523

   

$525

   

$672

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.70%

   

0.71%

   

0.70%

   

0.72%

   

0.69%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

‑%

   

   

   

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.15%

   

2.55%

   

2.86%

   

2.74%

   

2.39%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

72%

   

84%

   

63%

   

29%

   

42%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

204


 

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Corporate Bond Fund)

                         

 

 

 

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$6.90

   

$6.54

   

$6.01

   

$6.28

 
Income (loss) from investment operations:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income2

 

 

0.15

   

0.18

   

0.19

   

0.17

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.01

)

 

0.37

   

0.53

   

(0.28

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.14

   

0.55

   

0.72

   

(0.11

)

Less dividends and distributions from:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income

 

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.19

)

 

(0.19

)

 

(0.16

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.34

)

 

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.19

)

 

(0.19

)

 

(0.16

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

6.54

   

$6.90

   

$6.54

   

$6.01

 
Total return3

 

 

2.00%

   

8.56%

   

12.19%

   

-1.77%

 
Ratios and supplemental data:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$38

   

$59

   

$43

   

$44

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.55%

   

0.55%

   

0.55%

   

0.57%

5

Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

‑%

   

   

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.31%

   

2.69%

   

3.00%

   

3.06%

5

Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

‑%

   

   

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

72%

   

84%

   

63%

   

29%

6

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from October 16, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2018.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Annualized

6

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2018.

 

205


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund (formerly, Ivy Crossover Credit Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.21

   

0.28

   

0.32

   

0.30

   

0.13

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

0.77

   

0.90

   

(0.56

)

 

0.23

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.54

   

1.05

   

1.22

   

(0.26

)

 

0.36

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.22

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.35

)

 

(0.27

)

 

(0.10

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.71

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.94

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.35

)

 

(0.36

)

 

(0.10

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.88

   

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

 
Total return3

 

 

4.93%

   

10.18%

   

13.10%

   

-2.56%

   

3.51%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$7

   

$18

   

$12

   

$12

   

$11

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.23%

   

1.21%

   

1.25%

   

1.19%

   

0.95%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.92%

   

2.64%

   

3.23%

   

3.07%

   

2.63%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.59%

   

2.33%

   

2.88%

   

2.78%

   

2.58%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

135%

   

165%

   

94%

   

85%

   

112%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from April 3, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

206


 

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund (formerly, Ivy Crossover Credit Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.24

   

0.31

   

0.34

   

0.33

   

0.15

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

0.77

   

0.90

   

(0.56

)

 

0.22

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.57

   

1.08

   

1.24

   

(0.23

)

 

0.37

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.25

)

 

(0.31

)

 

(0.37

)

 

(0.30

)

 

(0.11

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.72

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.97

)

 

(0.31

)

 

(0.37

)

 

(0.39

)

 

(0.11

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.88

   

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

 
Total return3

 

 

5.19%

   

10.46%

   

13.39%

   

-2.41%

   

3.72%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$30

   

$39

   

$27

   

$23

   

$18

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.03%

   

1.06%

   

1.13%

   

1.06%

   

0.83%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.18%

   

2.89%

   

3.47%

   

3.33%

   

2.89%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.80%

   

2.48%

   

2.99%

   

2.92%

   

2.71%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

135%

   

165%

   

94%

   

85%

   

112%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from April 3, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

207


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund (formerly, Ivy Crossover Credit Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.24

   

0.30

   

0.34

   

0.33

   

0.15

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

0.78

   

0.90

   

(0.56

)

 

0.22

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.57

   

1.08

   

1.24

   

(0.23

)

 

0.37

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.25

)

 

(0.31

)

 

(0.37

)

 

(0.30

)

 

(0.11

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.72

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.97

)

 

(0.31

)

 

(0.37

)

 

(0.39

)

 

(0.11

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.88

   

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

 
Total return3

 

 

5.20%

   

10.46%

   

13.39%

   

-2.41%

   

3.72%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$6

   

$2

   

$1

   

$1

   

$1

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

   

0.65%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.87%

   

0.90%

   

0.98%

   

0.90%

   

0.69%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.17%

   

2.78%

   

3.48%

   

3.31%

   

2.87%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.95%

   

2.53%

   

3.15%

   

3.06%

   

2.83%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

135%

   

165%

   

94%

   

85%

   

112%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from April 3, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

208


 

Delaware Ivy Crossover Credit Fund (formerly, Ivy Crossover Credit Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class Y shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.21

   

0.28

   

0.32

   

0.30

   

0.13

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

0.77

   

0.90

   

(0.56

)

 

0.23

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.54

   

1.05

   

1.22

   

(0.26

)

 

0.36

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.22

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.35

)

 

(0.27

)

 

(0.10

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.72

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.94

)

 

(0.28

)

 

(0.35

)

 

(0.36

)

 

(0.10

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.88

   

$11.28

   

$10.51

   

$9.64

   

$10.26

 
Total return3

 

 

4.93%

   

10.18%

   

13.10%

   

-2.56%

   

3.51%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$1

   

$1

   

$1

   

$1

   

$1

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

   

0.90%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.26%

   

1.30%

   

1.37%

   

1.29%

   

1.08%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.93%

   

2.65%

   

3.23%

   

3.06%

   

2.63%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.57%

   

2.25%

   

2.76%

   

2.67%

   

2.45%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

135%

   

165%

   

94%

   

85%

   

112%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from April 3, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

209


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$8.46

   

$8.68

   

$8.22

   

$9.47

   

$9.21

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.29

   

0.31

   

0.42

   

0.39

   

0.41

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.00*

   

(0.43

)

 

0.04

   

(1.40

)

 

(0.15

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.29

   

(0.12

)

 

0.46

   

(1.01

)

 

0.26

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.10

)

 

   

(0.24

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.10

)

 

   

(0.24

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$8.74

   

$8.46

   

$8.68

   

$8.22

   

$9.47

 
Total return2

 

 

3.40%

   

(1.39%

)

 

5.73%

   

(11.01%

)

 

2.82%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$3

   

$8

   

$9

   

$12

   

$13

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.25%

   

1.19%

   

1.21%

   

1.21%

   

1.25%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.63%

   

1.50%

   

1.44%

   

1.45%

   

1.63%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.12%

   

3.63%

   

4.94%

   

4.28%

   

4.45%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.81%

   

3.32%

   

4.71%

   

4.04%

   

4.07%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

120%

   

121%

   

111%

   

90%

   

63%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

210


 

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$8.20

   

$8.47

   

$8.06

   

$9.28

   

$9.09

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.23

   

0.25

   

0.36

   

0.31

   

0.34

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.02

   

(0.43

)

 

0.05

   

(1.37

)

 

(0.15

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.25

   

(0.18

)

 

0.41

   

(1.06

)

 

0.19

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

   

(0.09

)

 

   

(0.16

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

   

(0.09

)

 

   

(0.16

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$8.45

   

$8.20

   

$8.47

   

$8.06

   

$9.28

 
Total return2

 

 

3.05%

   

(2.14%

)

 

5.09%

   

(11.56%

)

 

2.09%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

‑*

   

$2

   

$2

   

$2

   

$2

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.84%

   

1.83%

   

1.85%

   

1.86%

   

1.97%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.24%

   

2.14%

   

2.08%

   

2.10%

   

2.27%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.66%

   

3.02%

   

4.36%

   

3.54%

   

3.81%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.24%

   

2.71%

   

4.13%

   

3.30%

   

3.51%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

120%

   

121%

   

111%

   

90%

   

63%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

211


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$8.57

   

$8.77

   

$8.28

   

$9.54

   

$9.25

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.33

   

0.35

   

0.47

   

0.43

   

0.46

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.00*

   

(0.44

)

 

0.04

   

(1.41

)

 

(0.17

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.33

   

(0.09

)

 

0.51

   

(0.98

)

 

0.29

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.28

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.28

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$8.87

   

$8.57

   

$8.77

   

$8.28

   

$9.54

 
Total return2

 

 

3.88%

   

(1.07%

)

 

6.17%

   

(10.56%

)

 

3.14%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$28

   

$28

   

$77

   

$80

   

$45

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.91%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.42%

   

1.29%

   

1.21%

   

1.23%

   

1.39%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.64%

   

4.07%

   

5.43%

   

4.80%

   

4.96%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

3.02%

   

3.58%

   

5.02%

   

4.37%

   

4.48%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

120%

   

121%

   

111%

   

90%

   

63%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

212


 

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

                               

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$8.57

   

$8.77

   

$8.28

   

$9.54

   

$9.25

 
Income (loss) from investment operations:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income2

 

 

0.32

   

0.36

   

0.46

   

0.44

   

0.46

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.00*

   

(0.45

)

 

0.05

   

(1.42

)

 

(0.17

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.32

   

(0.09

)

 

0.51

   

(0.98

)

 

0.29

 
Less dividends and distributions from:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income

 

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.28

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

 

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.28

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$8.86

   

$8.57

   

$8.77

   

$8.28

   

$9.54

 
Total return3

 

 

3.76%

   

(1.07%

)

 

6.17%

   

(10.56%

)

 

3.14%

 
Ratios and supplemental data:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$21

   

$20

   

$34

   

$41

   

$52

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

   

0.80%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.21%

   

1.12%

   

1.04%

   

1.05%

   

1.11%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.57%

   

4.12%

   

5.36%

   

4.83%

   

4.95%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

3.16%

   

3.80%

   

5.12%

   

4.58%

   

4.64%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

120%

   

121%

   

111%

   

90%

   

63%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

213


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Emerging Markets Local Currency Debt Fund)

                               

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended

 

Class Y shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$8.46

   

$8.69

   

$8.22

   

$9.48

   

$9.21

 
Income (loss) from investment operations:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income2

 

 

0.27

   

0.31

   

0.43

   

0.37

   

0.41

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.03

   

(0.44

)

 

0.04

   

(1.39

)

 

(0.14

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

0.30

   

(0.13

)

 

0.47

   

(1.02

)

 

0.27

 
Less dividends and distributions from:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.10

)

 

   

(0.24

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

 

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.10

)

 

   

(0.24

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$8.75

   

$8.46

   

$8.69

   

$8.22

   

$9.48

 
Total return3

 

 

3.52%

   

(1.51%

)

 

5.72%

   

(11.00%

)

 

2.93%

 
Ratios and supplemental data:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

*

   

$2

   

$3

   

$3

   

$3

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.20%

   

1.19%

   

1.21%

   

1.21%

   

1.25%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.60%

   

1.51%

   

1.44%

   

1.45%

   

1.63%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.04%

   

3.65%

   

4.99%

   

4.11%

   

4.48%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

2.64%

   

3.33%

   

4.76%

   

3.87%

   

4.10%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

120%

   

121%

   

111%

   

90%

   

63%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

214


 

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund (formerly, Ivy Government Securities Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

   

$5.60

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.03

   

0.06

   

0.08

   

0.06

   

0.06

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.14

)

 

0.20

   

0.37

   

(0.19

)

 

(0.16

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

(0.11

)

 

0.26

   

0.45

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.10

)

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.06

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.07

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.06

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.07

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$5.61

   

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

 
Total return2

 

 

(1.94%

)

 

4.75%

   

8.59%

   

(2.35%

)

 

(1.73%

)

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$79

   

$96

   

$68

   

$71

   

$87

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.97%

   

0.98%

   

1.00%

   

1.04%

   

1.02%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.00%

   

1.05%

   

1.13%

   

1.16%

   

1.10%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.59%

   

1.07%

   

1.47%

   

1.19%

   

1.20%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

0.56%

   

1.00%

   

1.34%

   

1.07%

   

1.04%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

31%

   

43%

   

12%

   

42%

   

37%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Expense ratio based on the period excluding reorganization expenses was 1.00%.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

215


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund (formerly, Ivy Government Securities Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

   

$5.60

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

(0.01

)

 

0.01

   

0.03

   

0.01

   

0.01

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.15

)

 

0.20

   

0.37

   

(0.18

)

 

(0.15

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

(0.16

)

 

0.21

   

0.40

   

(0.17

)

 

(0.14

)

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.04

)

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.03

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.04

)

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.03

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

5.61

   

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

 
Total return2

 

 

(2.75%

)

 

3.83%

   

7.61%

   

-3.14%

   

-2.58%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$1

   

$2

   

$1

   

$1

   

$2

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.82%

   

1.86%

   

1.88%

   

1.88%

   

1.88%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

   

1.90%

   

1.95%

   

2.16%

   

1.95%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

(0.26%

)

 

0.18%

   

0.59%

   

0.24%

   

0.26%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

   

0.14%

   

0.52%

   

-0.04%

   

0.19%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

31%

   

43%

   

12%

   

42%

   

37%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

216


 

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund (formerly, Ivy Government Securities Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

   

$5.60

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.05

   

0.08

   

0.09

   

0.08

   

0.07

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.15

)

 

0.20

   

0.37

   

(0.19

)

 

(0.15

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

(0.10

)

 

0.28

   

0.46

   

(0.11

)

 

(0.08

)

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.09

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.09

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

5.61

   

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

 
Total return2

 

 

(1.69%

)

 

5.01%

   

8.89%

   

-2.10%

   

-1.44%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$130

   

$140

   

$93

   

$124

   

$303

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.78%

3

 

0.74%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.76%

   

0.77%

   

0.77%

   

0.82%

   

0.76%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.84%

   

1.32%

   

1.75%

   

1.46%

   

1.38%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.80%

   

1.27%

   

1.70%

   

1.42%

   

1.36%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

31%

   

43%

   

12%

   

42%

   

37%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Expense ratio based on the period excluding reorganization expenses was 0.72%.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

217


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund (formerly, Ivy Government Securities Fund)

                         

 

 

 

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

   

$5.43

 
Income (loss) from investment operations:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income2

 

 

0.05

   

0.08

   

0.10

   

0.08

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.14

)

 

0.20

   

0.37

   

(0.19

)

Total from investment operations

 

 

(0.09

)

 

0.28

   

0.47

   

(0.11

)

Less dividends and distributions from:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net investment income

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.09

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.09

)

 

(0.11

)

 

(0.09

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$5.61

   

$5.78

   

$5.59

   

$5.23

 
Total return3

 

 

(1.57%

)

 

5.13%

   

9.01%

   

-1.99%

 
Ratios and supplemental data:

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$138

   

$172

   

$120

   

$179

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.60%

   

0.61%

   

0.61%

   

0.63%

4

Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived5

 

 

   

   

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.96%

   

1.44%

   

1.86%

   

1.74%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived5

 

 

   

   

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

31%

   

43%

   

12%

   

42%

6

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from October 16, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2018; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Expense ratio based on the period excluding reorganization expenses was 1.00%.

5

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

6

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2018.

 

218


 

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund (formerly, Ivy PineBridge High Yield Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.72

   

$9.88

   

$9.81

   

$10.15

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.47

   

0.48

   

0.52

   

0.48

   

0.16

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.54

   

(0.16

)

 

0.06

   

(0.30

)

 

0.10

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.01

   

0.32

   

0.58

   

0.18

   

0.26

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.11

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.03

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.52

)

 

(0.11

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.24

   

$9.72

   

$9.88

   

$9.81

   

$10.15

 
Total return3

 

 

10.50%

   

3.40%

   

6.27%

   

1.71%

   

2.64%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$14

   

$15

   

$10

   

$8

   

$6

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.13%

   

1.16%

   

1.15%

   

1.11%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.64%

   

5.02%

   

5.32%

   

4.83%

   

4.22%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

4.50%

   

4.85%

   

5.17%

   

4.72%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

83%

   

80%

   

69%

   

81%

   

60%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from May 18, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

219


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund (formerly, Ivy PineBridge High Yield Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.72

   

$9.88

   

$9.81

   

$10.15

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.50

   

0.51

   

0.54

   

0.51

   

0.17

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.54

   

(0.17

)

 

0.07

   

(0.31

)

 

0.10

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.04

   

0.34

   

0.61

   

0.20

   

0.27

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.54

)

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.12

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.03

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.54

)

 

(0.54

)

 

(0.12

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.25

   

$9.72

   

$9.88

   

$9.81

   

$10.15

 
Total return3

 

 

10.91%

   

3.68%

   

6.44%

   

2.10%

   

2.72%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$85

   

$87

   

$54

   

$46

   

$22

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.97%

   

1.01%

   

1.02%

   

1.00%

   

0.87%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.90%

   

5.30%

   

5.60%

   

5.14%

   

4.55%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

4.65%

   

5.01%

   

5.30%

   

4.86%

   

4.40%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

83%

   

80%

   

69%

   

81%

   

60%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from May 18, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

220


 

Delaware Ivy High Yield Fund (formerly, Ivy PineBridge High Yield Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.71

   

$9.88

   

$9.80

   

$10.15

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.50

   

0.51

   

0.54

   

0.51

   

0.17

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.54

   

(0.18

)

 

0.08

   

(0.32

)

 

0.10

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.04

   

0.33

   

0.62

   

0.19

   

0.27

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.54

)

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.12

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

   

(0.03

)

 

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.54

)

 

(0.54

)

 

(0.12

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.24

   

$9.71

   

$9.88

   

$9.80

   

$10.15

 
Total return3

 

 

10.92%

   

3.58%

   

6.55%

   

2.00%

   

2.72%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$35

   

$40

   

$38

   

$32

   

$35

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

   

0.72%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.80%

   

0.83%

   

0.84%

   

0.83%

   

0.73%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.91%

   

5.29%

   

5.59%

   

5.10%

   

4.44%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

4.83%

   

5.18%

   

5.47%

   

4.99%

   

4.43%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

83%

   

80%

   

69%

   

81%

   

60%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from May 18, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

221


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund (formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$12.42

   

$11.38

   

$12.28

   

$12.06

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.07

   

0.06

   

0.11

   

0.10

   

0.09

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

3.64

   

1.19

   

(0.85

)

 

0.14

   

1.97

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

3.71

   

1.25

   

(0.74

)

 

0.24

   

2.06

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.04

)

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.14

)

 

(0.02

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.02

)

 

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.04

)

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.02

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$16.09

   

$12.42

   

$11.38

   

$12.28

   

$12.06

 
Total return3

 

 

29.97%

   

11.04%

   

-5.92%

   

1.98%

   

20.60%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$8

   

$16

   

$16

   

$18

   

$13

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.37%

   

1.37%

   

1.39%

   

1.45%

   

1.45%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.59%

   

1.57%

   

1.58%

   

1.54%

   

1.61%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.48%

   

0.50%

   

1.02%

   

0.79%

   

1.11%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.26%

   

0.30%

   

0.83%

   

0.70%

   

0.95%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

47%

   

75%

   

73%

   

60%

   

38%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from January 10, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

222


 

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund (formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$12.29

   

$11.27

   

$12.14

   

$12.00

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.03

)

 

0.03

   

0.01

   

0.03

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

3.61

   

1.18

   

(0.84

)

 

0.13

   

1.97

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

3.56

   

1.15

   

(0.81

)

 

0.14

   

2.00

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.04

)

 

   

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.02

)

 

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.06

)

 

   

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$15.85

   

$12.29

   

$11.27

   

$12.14

   

$12.00

 
Total return3

 

 

28.97%

   

10.22%

   

-6.62%

   

1.17%

   

20.00%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

‑*

   

$2

   

$2

   

$2

   

$1

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

2.12%

   

2.13%

   

2.14%

   

2.22%

   

2.17%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

2.34%

   

2.33%

   

2.33%

   

2.27%

   

2.33%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

(0.33%

)

 

(0.31%

)

 

0.25%

   

0.11%

   

0.39%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

(0.55%

)

 

(0.51%

)

 

0.06%

   

0.06%

   

0.23%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

47%

   

75%

   

73%

   

60%

   

38%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from January 10, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

223


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund (formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$12.47

   

$11.42

   

$12.33

   

$12.08

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.14

   

0.10

   

0.16

   

0.16

   

0.11

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

3.64

   

1.21

   

(0.87

)

 

0.13

   

1.97

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

3.78

   

1.31

   

(0.71

)

 

0.29

   

2.08

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.04

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.02

)

 

‑*

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.20

)

 

(0.04

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$16.17

   

$12.47

   

$11.42

   

$12.33

   

$12.08

 
Total return3

 

 

30.45%

   

11.54%

   

-5.64%

   

2.33%

   

20.90%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$60

   

$77

   

$72

   

$66

   

$27

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

1.12%

   

1.15%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.40%

   

1.38%

   

1.37%

   

1.34%

   

1.45%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.96%

   

0.91%

   

1.47%

   

1.28%

   

1.42%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.55%

   

0.52%

   

1.09%

   

1.06%

   

1.12%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

47%

   

75%

   

73%

   

60%

   

38%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from January 10, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

224


 

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund (formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$12.46

   

$11.42

   

$12.32

   

$12.09

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.14

   

0.10

   

0.15

   

0.16

   

0.11

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

3.65

   

1.20

   

(0.85

)

 

0.11

   

1.98

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

3.79

   

1.30

   

(0.70

)

 

0.27

   

2.09

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.26

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.04

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.02

)

 

‑*

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.25

)

 

(0.20

)

 

(0.04

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$16.17

   

$12.46

   

$11.42

   

$12.32

   

$12.09

 
Total return3

 

 

30.55%

   

11.45%

   

(5.57%

)

 

2.28%

   

20.90%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$52

   

$69

   

$73

   

$82

   

$1

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

1.13%

   

1.15%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.22%

   

1.20%

   

1.20%

   

1.18%

   

1.31%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.92%

   

0.89%

   

1.40%

   

1.25%

   

1.41%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.69%

   

0.68%

   

1.19%

   

1.20%

   

1.25%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

47%

   

75%

   

73%

   

60%

   

38%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from January 10, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

225


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy International Small Cap Fund (formerly, Ivy International Small Cap Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class Y shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17​1

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$12.42

   

$11.37

   

$12.28

   

$12.06

   

$10.00

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income2

 

 

0.07

   

0.03

   

0.08

   

0.14

   

0.09

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

3.64

   

1.23

   

(0.83

)

 

0.10

   

1.97

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

3.71

   

1.26

   

(0.75

)

 

0.24

   

2.06

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.04

)

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.14

)

 

(0.02

)

 

 
Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.02

)

 

   

 
Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.04

)

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.02

)

 

 
Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$16.09

   

$12.42

   

$11.37

   

$12.28

   

$12.06

 
Total return3

 

 

29.97%

   

11.14%

   

-6.00%

   

1.98%

   

20.60%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

‑*

   

$1

   

$1

   

$5

   

$1

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.37%

   

1.37%

   

1.39%

   

1.45%

   

1.45%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.63%

   

1.59%

   

1.63%

   

1.59%

   

1.70%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.50%

   

0.27%

   

0.71%

   

1.10%

   

1.11%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.24%

   

0.05%

   

0.47%

   

0.96%

   

0.86%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

47%

   

75%

   

73%

   

60%

   

38%

5

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

For the period from January 10, 2017 (commencement of operations of the class) through September 30, 2017; ratios have been annualized and total return has not been annualized.

2

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

3

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

5

Portfolio turnover is calculated at the fund level. Percentage indicated was calculated for the period ended September 30, 2017.

 

226


 

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.81

   

$10.58

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

   

$10.45

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.37

   

0.39

   

0.43

   

0.42

   

0.39

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

1.53

   

(0.61

)

 

(0.13

)

 

0.05

   

0.50

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.90

   

(0.22

)

 

0.30

   

0.47

   

0.89

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.42

)

 

(0.45

)

 

(0.41

)

 

(0.30

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.55

)

 

(0.79

)

 

(0.42

)

 

(0.32

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$11.28

   

$9.81

   

$10.58

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

 
Total return2

 

 

19.57%

   

(2.10%

)

 

3.22%

   

4.41%

   

8.67%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$87

   

$88

   

$119

   

$131

   

$143

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.17%

   

1.20%

   

1.20%

   

1.24%

   

1.24%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.24%

   

1.27%

   

1.24%

   

1.24%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.38%

   

3.89%

   

4.06%

   

3.77%

   

3.64%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

3.31%

   

3.82%

   

4.02%

   

3.77%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

57%

   

71%

   

54%

   

59%

   

84%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

227


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.81

   

$10.58

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

   

$10.46

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.29

   

0.32

   

0.35

   

0.33

   

0.31

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

1.51

   

(0.61

)

 

(0.12

)

 

0.06

   

0.50

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.80

   

(0.29

)

 

0.23

   

0.39

   

0.81

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.35

)

 

(0.38

)

 

(0.33

)

 

(0.23

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.72

)

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.25

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

11.27

   

$9.81

   

$10.58

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

 
Total return2

 

 

18.56%

   

(2.85%

)

 

2.46%

   

3.64%

   

7.86%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$8

   

$10

   

$14

   

$16

   

$20

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.95%

   

1.96%

   

1.94%

   

1.98%

   

1.97%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.02%

   

2.03%

   

1.98%

   

1.98%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

2.61%

   

3.13%

   

3.31%

   

3.01%

   

2.87%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.54%

   

3.06%

   

3.27%

   

3.01%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

57%

   

71%

   

54%

   

59%

   

84%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

228


 

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.81

   

$10.59

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

   

$10.46

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.42

   

0.43

   

0.47

   

0.45

   

0.41

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

1.53

   

(0.61

)

 

(0.11

)

 

0.06

   

0.51

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.95

   

(0.18

)

 

0.36

   

0.51

   

0.92

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.45

)

 

(0.34

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.60

)

 

(0.84

)

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.36

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$11.28

   

$9.81

   

$10.59

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

 
Total return2

 

 

20.08%

   

(1.76%

)

 

3.77%

   

4.71%

   

8.92%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$211

   

$220

   

$320

   

$354

   

$401

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.93%

   

0.95%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

0.99%

   

0.99%

   

0.97%

   

0.96%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.81%

   

4.32%

   

4.51%

   

4.07%

   

3.88%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

3.57%

   

4.08%

   

4.29%

   

4.04%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

57%

   

71%

   

54%

   

59%

   

84%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

229


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.82

   

$10.59

   

$11.08

   

$11.03

   

$10.46

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.43

   

0.44

   

0.47

   

0.47

   

0.43

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

1.51

   

(0.61

)

 

(0.12

)

 

0.05

   

0.52

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.94

   

(0.17

)

 

0.35

   

0.52

   

0.95

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.36

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.60

)

 

(0.84

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.38

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

11.28

   

$9.82

   

$10.59

   

$11.08

   

$11.03

 
Total return2

 

 

19.95%

   

(1.66%

)

 

3.69%

   

4.96%

   

9.12%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$2

   

$3

   

$4

   

$4

   

$4

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.75%

   

0.79%

   

0.78%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

0.84%

   

0.84%

   

0.92%

   

0.80%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.91%

   

4.34%

   

4.50%

   

4.23%

   

4.09%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

3.82%

   

4.25%

   

4.33%

   

4.22%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

57%

   

71%

   

54%

   

59%

   

84%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

230


 

Delaware Ivy Multi-Asset Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Multi-Asset Income Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class Y shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.82

   

$10.59

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

   

$10.45

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.39

   

0.40

   

0.42

   

0.42

   

0.39

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

1.50

   

(0.61

)

 

(0.10

)

 

0.06

   

0.51

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

1.89

   

(0.21

)

 

0.32

   

0.48

   

0.90

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.42

)

 

(0.31

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

(0.13

)

 

(0.34

)

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.02

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.56

)

 

(0.80

)

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.33

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

11.28

   

$9.82

   

$10.59

   

$11.07

   

$11.02

 
Total return2

 

 

19.50%

   

(2.06%

)

 

3.33%

   

4.45%

   

8.75%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$‑*

   

$3

   

$4

   

$6

   

$5

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.15%

   

1.15%

   

1.17%

   

1.19%

   

1.17%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.22%

   

1.22%

   

1.21%

   

1.19%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.61%

   

3.95%

   

4.06%

   

3.82%

   

3.69%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

3.54%

   

3.88%

   

4.02%

   

3.82%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

57%

   

71%

   

54%

   

59%

   

84%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

231


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Strategic Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.97

   

$10.27

   

$10.26

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.41

   

0.42

   

0.44

   

0.42

   

0.39

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

(0.05

)

 

0.06

   

(0.27

)

 

0.04

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.74

   

0.37

   

0.50

   

0.15

   

0.43

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.44

)

 

(0.45

)

 

(0.40

)

 

(0.38

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.03

)

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.04

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.44

)

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.45

)

 

(0.42

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.20

   

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.97

   

$10.27

 
Total return2

 

 

7.59%

   

3.84%

   

5.13%

   

1.53%

   

4.38%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$87

   

$111

   

$120

   

$117

   

$123

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.04%%

   

1.05%

   

1.05%

   

1.15%

   

1.15%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.19%

   

1.17%

   

1.15%

   

1.16%

   

1.17%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.01%

   

4.35%

   

4.45%

   

4.14%

   

3.83%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

3.86%

   

4.23%

   

4.35%

   

4.13%

   

3.81%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

62%

   

59%

   

45%

   

48%

   

48%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

232


 

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Strategic Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.91

   

$9.98

   

$9.97

   

$10.27

   

$10.26

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.33

   

0.35

   

0.36

   

0.35

   

0.32

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

(0.06

)

 

0.05

   

(0.27

)

 

0.04

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.66

   

0.29

   

0.41

   

0.08

   

0.36

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.38

)

 

(0.36

)

 

(0.37

)

 

(0.33

)

 

(0.31

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.03

)

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.04

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.38

)

 

(0.36

)

 

(0.40

)

 

(0.38

)

 

(0.35

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.19

   

$9.91

   

$9.98

   

$9.97

   

$10.27

 
Total return2

 

 

6.77%

   

3.03%

   

4.21%

   

0.82%

   

3.66%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$5

   

$5

   

$5

   

$6

   

$8

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.82%

   

1.83%

   

1.85%

   

1.85%

   

1.85%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.05%

   

2.08%

   

2.04%

   

2.02%

   

1.98%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

3.22%

   

3.57%

   

3.65%

   

3.43%

   

3.13%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

2.99%

   

3.32%

   

3.46%

   

3.26%

   

3.00%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

62%

   

59%

   

45%

   

48%

   

48%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

233


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Strategic Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.98

   

$10.28

   

$10.27

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.45

   

0.46

   

0.48

   

0.45

   

0.42

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.33

   

(0.06

)

 

0.05

   

(0.27

)

 

0.05

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.78

   

0.40

   

0.53

   

0.18

   

0.47

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.43

)

 

(0.42

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.03

)

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.04

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.52

)

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.46

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

10.20

   

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.98

   

$10.27

 
Total return2

 

 

7.99%

   

4.23%

   

5.43%

   

1.95%

   

4.59%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$241

   

$257

   

$315

   

$315

   

$320

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.67%

   

0.67%

   

0.67%

   

0.82%

   

0.85%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

0.98%

   

0.96%

   

0.93%

   

0.93%

   

0.94%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.36%

   

4.73%

   

4.83%

   

4.46%

   

4.13%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

4.05%

   

4.44%

   

4.57%

   

4.35%

   

4.04%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

62%

   

59%

   

45%

   

48%

   

48%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

234


 

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Strategic Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.98

   

$10.28

   

$10.27

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.45

   

0.46

   

0.48

   

0.46

   

0.43

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.34

   

(0.06

)

 

0.05

   

(0.27

)

 

0.04

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.79

   

0.40

   

0.53

   

0.19

   

0.47

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.44

)

 

(0.42

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.03

)

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.04

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.50

)

 

(0.47

)

 

(0.52

)

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.45

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.21

   

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.98

   

$10.28

 
Total return2

 

 

8.09%

   

4.23%

   

5.43%

   

1.92%

   

4.75%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$1

   

$22

   

$48

   

$53

   

$61

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.67%

   

0.67%

   

0.67%

   

0.77%

   

0.77%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

0.84%

   

0.80%

   

0.78%

   

0.78%

   

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.72%

   

4.71%

   

4.83%

   

4.52%

   

4.24%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

4.55%

   

4.58%

   

4.72%

   

4.51%

   

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

62%

   

59%

   

45%

   

48%

   

48%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

235


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Strategic Income Fund (formerly, Ivy Apollo Strategic Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class Y shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.97

   

$10.27

   

$10.26

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.44

   

0.42

   

0.44

   

0.42

   

0.40

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

0.30

   

(0.05

)

 

0.06

   

(0.27

)

 

0.04

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.74

   

0.37

   

0.50

   

0.15

   

0.44

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.44

)

 

(0.45

)

 

(0.40

)

 

(0.39

)

Net realized gain

 

 

   

   

(0.03

)

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.04

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.46

)

 

(0.44

)

 

(0.48

)

 

(0.45

)

 

(0.43

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.20

   

$9.92

   

$9.99

   

$9.97

   

$10.27

 
Total return2

 

 

7.59%

   

3.85%

   

5.13%

   

1.58%

   

4.44%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

‑*

   

$7

   

$7

   

$8

   

$9

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.04%

   

1.05%

   

1.05%

   

1.10%

   

1.10%

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

1.21%

   

1.20%

   

1.18%

   

1.17%

   

1.19%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

4.32%

   

4.35%

   

4.46%

   

4.18%

   

3.89%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived3

 

 

4.15%

   

4.20%

   

4.33%

   

4.11%

   

3.80%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

62%

   

59%

   

45%

   

48%

   

48%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

236


 

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Targeted Return Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class A shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.22

   

$10.22

   

$10.02

   

$10.11

   

$10.21

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.10

   

0.09

   

0.17

   

0.16

   

0.09

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.04

)

 

0.10

   

0.52

   

(0.18

)

 

0.03

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.06

   

0.19

   

0.69

   

(0.02

)

 

0.12

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.02

)

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.13

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.03

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.12

)

 

(0.19

)

 

(0.49

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.22

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.16

   

$10.22

   

$10.22

   

$10.02

   

$10.11

 
Total return2

 

 

0.77%

   

2.07%

   

7.23%

   

-0.22%

   

1.20%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$13

   

$23

   

$23

   

$21

   

$20

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.24%

   

1.22%

   

1.22%

   

1.22%

   

1.24%

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.42%

   

1.41%

   

1.40%

   

1.39%

   

1.43%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.95%

   

0.90%

   

1.74%

   

1.56%

   

0.88%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.77%

   

0.71%

   

1.56%

   

1.39%

   

0.69%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

119%

   

112%

   

121%

   

152%

   

190%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding offering cost was 1.22%.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

237


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Targeted Return Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class C shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.10

   

$10.10

   

$9.91

   

$10.05

   

$10.16

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.02

   

0.02

   

0.10

   

0.09

   

0.02

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.03

)

 

0.10

   

0.51

   

(0.17

)

 

0.02

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

(0.01

)

 

0.12

   

0.61

   

(0.08

)

 

0.04

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.01

)

 

(0.10

)

 

(0.42

)

 

(0.06

)

 

(0.06

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.05

)

 

(0.02

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.06

)

 

(0.12

)

 

(0.42

)

 

(0.06

)

 

(0.15

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.03

   

$10.10

   

$10.10

   

$9.91

   

$10.05

 
Total return2

 

 

(0.17%

)

 

1.32%

   

6.45%

   

(0.85%

)

 

0.46%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$1

   

$5

   

$4

   

$4

   

$4

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.95%

   

1.92%

   

1.92%

   

1.92%

   

1.91%

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

2.13%

   

2.11%

   

2.10%

   

2.09%

   

2.10%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

0.22%

   

0.20%

   

1.05%

   

0.86%

   

0.21%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.04%

   

0.01%

   

0.87%

   

0.69%

   

0.02%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

119%

   

112%

   

121%

   

152%

   

190%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding offering cost was 1.89%.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

238


 

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Targeted Return Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class I shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.25

   

$10.26

   

$10.06

   

$10.13

   

$10.23

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.12

   

0.11

   

0.20

   

0.18

   

0.11

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.02

)

 

0.09

   

0.51

   

(0.18

)

 

0.03

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.10

   

0.20

   

0.71

   

‑*

   

0.14

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.18

)

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.15

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.12

)

 

(0.03

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.15

)

 

(0.21

)

 

(0.51

)

 

(0.07

)

 

(0.24

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.20

   

$10.25

   

$10.26

   

$10.06

   

$10.13

 
Total return2

 

 

0.96%

   

2.19%

   

7.45%

   

0.03%

   

1.43%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$99

   

$102

   

$120

   

$123

   

$111

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

   

1.00%

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.23%

   

1.24%

   

1.23%

   

1.21%

   

1.22%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.20%

   

1.12%

   

1.98%

   

1.79%

   

1.13%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

0.98%

   

0.88%

   

1.75%

   

1.58%

   

0.91%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

119%

   

112%

   

121%

   

152%

   

190%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding offering cost was 0.98%.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

239


 

Financial highlights

Delaware Ivy Total Return Bond Fund (formerly, Ivy Pictet Targeted Return Bond Fund)

                               

 

Year ended

 

Class R6 shares

 

9/30/21

 

9/30/20

 

9/30/19

 

9/30/18

 

9/30/17

 
Net asset value, beginning of period

 

 

$10.28

   

$10.28

   

$10.08

   

$10.13

   

$10.24

 

Income (loss) from investment operations:

Net investment income1

 

 

0.14

   

0.13

   

0.21

   

0.18

   

0.14

 
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

 

 

(0.03

)

 

0.09

   

0.51

   

(0.15

)

 

‑*

 
Total from investment operations

 

 

0.11

   

0.22

   

0.72

   

0.03

   

0.14

 

Less dividends and distributions from:

Net investment income

 

 

(0.03

)

 

(0.19

)

 

(0.52

)

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.16

)

Net realized gain

 

 

(0.13

)

 

(0.03

)

 

   

   

(0.09

)

Total dividends and distributions

 

 

(0.16

)

 

(0.22

)

 

(0.52

)

 

(0.08

)

 

(0.25

)

Net asset value, end of period

 

 

$10.23

   

$10.28

   

$10.28

   

$10.08

   

$10.13

 
Total return2

 

 

1.08%

   

2.41%

   

7.57%

   

0.25%

   

1.45%

 

Ratios and supplemental data:

Net assets, end of period (in millions)

 

 

$60

   

$56

   

$70

   

$89

   

$155

 
Ratio of expenses to average net assets

 

 

0.87%

   

0.87%

   

0.87%

   

0.87%

   

0.87%

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.06%

   

1.07%

   

1.06%

   

1.05%

   

1.07%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets

 

 

1.33%

   

1.24%

   

2.11%

   

1.79%

   

1.37%

 
Ratio of net investment income to average net assets prior to fees waived4

 

 

1.14%

   

1.04%

   

1.92%

   

1.61%

   

1.17%

 
Portfolio turnover

 

 

119%

   

112%

   

121%

   

152%

   

190%

 

 

*

Not shown due to rounding.

1

Based on average weekly shares outstanding.

2

Based on net asset value. Total returns do not reflect a sales charge or contingent deferred sales charge, if applicable. Total returns for periods less than one year are not annualized.

3

Ratio of expenses to average net assets excluding offering cost was 0.85%.

4

Ratios excluding expense waivers are included only for periods in which the class had waived or reimbursed expenses.

 

240


 

How to read the financial highlights

Net investment income (loss)
Net investment income (loss) includes dividend and interest income earned from a fund’s investments; it is calculated after expenses have been deducted.

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments
A realized gain occurs when we sell an investment at a profit, while a realized loss occurs when we sell an investment at a loss. When an investment increases or decreases in value but we do not sell it, we record an unrealized gain or loss. The amount of realized gain per share, if any, that we pay to shareholders would be listed under “Less dividends and distributions from: Net realized gain.”

Net asset value (NAV)
This is the value of a mutual fund share, calculated by dividing the net assets by the number of shares outstanding.

Total return
This represents the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in a fund. In calculating this figure for the financial highlights table, we include applicable fee waivers, exclude front-end sales charges and contingent deferred sales charges, and assume the shareholder has reinvested all dividends and realized gains.

Net assets
Net assets represent the total value of all the assets in a fund’s portfolio, less any liabilities, that are attributable to that class of the fund.

Ratio of expenses to average net assets
The expense ratio is the percentage of net assets that a fund pays annually for operating expenses and management fees. These expenses include accounting and administration expenses, services for shareholders, and similar expenses.

Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets
We determine this ratio by dividing net investment income (loss) by average net assets.

Portfolio turnover
This figure tells you the amount of trading activity in a fund’s portfolio. A turnover rate of 100% would occur if, for example, a fund bought and sold all of the securities in its portfolio once in the course of a year or frequently traded a single security. A high rate of portfolio turnover in any year may increase brokerage commissions paid and could generate taxes for shareholders on realized investment gains.

241


 

Broker-defined sales charge waiver policies

The availability of certain sales charge waivers and discounts will depend on whether you purchase your shares directly from a Fund or through a financial intermediary. Specific intermediaries may have different policies and procedures regarding the availability of front-end sales load waivers or CDSC waivers, which are discussed below. In all instances, it is the purchaser’s responsibility to notify the Fund(s) or the purchaser’s financial intermediary at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying the purchaser for sales charge waivers or discounts. For waivers and discounts not available through a particular intermediary, shareholders will have to purchase a Fund’s shares directly from the Fund or through another intermediary to receive such waivers or discounts. Please see the section entitled About Your Account — Choosing a Share Class for more information on sales charges and waivers available for different classes.

Merrill Lynch:

Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Merrill Lynch platform or account will be eligible only for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus or the SAI.

Front-end sales charge waivers for Class A shares available at Merrill Lynch

Employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans, provided that the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan.

 

Shares purchased by a 529 Plan (does not include 529 Plan units or 529 — specific share classes or equivalents).

 

Shares purchased through a Merrill Lynch affiliated investment advisory program.

 

Shares exchanged due to the holdings moving from a Merrill Lynch affiliated investment advisory program to a Merrill Lynch brokerage (non-advisory) account pursuant to Merrill Lynch's policies relating to sales load discounts and waivers.

 

Shares purchased by third party investment advisors on behalf of their advisory clients through Merrill Lynch’s platform.

 

Shares of funds purchased through the Merrill Edge Self-Directed platform (if applicable).

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the fund family).

 

Shares exchanged from Class C (i.e., level-load) shares of the same fund pursuant to Merrill Lynch’s policies relating to sales load discounts and waivers.

 

Employees and registered representatives of Merrill Lynch or its affiliates and their family members.

 

Directors or Trustees of the Fund, and employees of the Fund’s investment adviser or any of its affiliates, as described in this Prospectus.

 

Eligible shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Reinstatement). Automated transactions (i.e. systematic purchases and withdrawals) and purchases made after shares are automatically sold to pay Merrill Lynch's account maintenance fees are not eligible for reinstatement.

 

CDSC waivers on Class A, B, and C shares available at Merrill Lynch

Death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund’s prospectus.

 

Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account.

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code.

 

Shares sold to pay Merrill Lynch fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Merrill Lynch.

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Shares held in retirement brokerage accounts, that are exchanged for a lower cost share class due to transfer to certain fee- based accounts or platforms (applicable to A and C shares only).

 

Shares received through an exchange due to the holdings moving from a Merrill Lynch affiliated investment advisory program to a Merrill Lynch brokerage (non-advisory) account pursuant to Merrill Lynch's policies relating to sales load discounts and waivers.

 

Front-end sales charge discounts available at Merrill Lynch: Breakpoints, rights of accumulation, and letters of intent

Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus.

 

Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts as described in the Fund’s prospectus will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts (including 529 program holding, where applicable) within the purchaser’s household at Merrill Lynch. Eligible fund family assets not held at Merrill Lynch may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Letters of Intent (LOI) which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a fund family, through Merrill Lynch, over a 13-month period of time (if applicable).

 

242


 

Ameriprise Financial:

Class A Shares Front-End Sales Charge Waivers Available at Ameriprise Financial:

The following information applies to Class A shares purchases if you have an account with or otherwise purchase Fund shares through Ameriprise Financial:

Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an Ameriprise Financial retail brokerage account are eligible for the following front-end sales charge waivers, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus or the SAI:

Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR-SEPs.

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same Fund (but not any other fund within the same fund family).

 

Shares exchanged from Class C shares of the same Fund in the month of or following the 7-year anniversary of the purchase date. To the extent that this Prospectus elsewhere provides for a waiver with respect to exchanges of Class C shares or conversion of Class C shares following a shorter holding period, that waiver will apply.

 

Employees and registered representatives of Ameriprise Financial or its affiliates and their immediate family members.

 

Shares purchased by or through qualified accounts (including IRAs, Coverdell Education Savings Accounts, 401(k)s, 403(b) TSCAs subject to ERISA and defined benefit plans) that are held by a covered family member, defined as an Ameriprise financial advisor and/or the advisor’s spouse, advisor’s lineal ascendant (mother, father, grandmother, grandfather, great grandmother, great grandfather), advisor’s lineal descendant (son, step-son, daughter, step-daughter, grandson, granddaughter, great grandson, great granddaughter) or any spouse of a covered family member who is a lineal descendant.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (i.e., Rights of Reinstatement).

 

Morgan Stanley:

Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Morgan Stanley Wealth Management transactional brokerage account will be eligible only for the following front-end sales charge waivers with respect to Class A shares, which may differ from and may be more limited than those disclosed elsewhere in the Funds’ Prospectus or SAI.

Class A Shares Front-End Sales Charge Waivers Available at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management:

Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans

 

Morgan Stanley employee and employee-related accounts according to Morgan Stanley’s account linking rules

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions when purchasing shares of the same fund

 

Shares purchased through a Morgan Stanley self-directed brokerage account

 

Class C (i.e., level-load) shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are converted to Class A shares of the same fund pursuant to Morgan Stanley Wealth Management’s share class conversion program

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (i) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (ii) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (iii) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge.

 

Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Raymond James Financial Services & Raymond James Affiliates (“Raymond James”):

Shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Raymond James platform or brokerage account, or through an introducing broker-dealer or independent registered investment adviser for which Raymond James provides trade execution, clearance and/or custody services, will be eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in the Funds’ Prospectus or SAI.

Front-end sales load waivers on Class A shares available at Raymond James

Shares purchased in an investment advisory program.

 

Shares purchased within the same fund family through a systematic reinvestment of capital gains and dividend distributions.

 

Employees and registered representatives of Raymond James or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Raymond James.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption; (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account; and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Reinstatement).

 

A shareholder in a Fund’s Class C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Class A shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Raymond James.

 

243


 

CDSC waivers on Class A, B, and C shares available at Raymond James

Death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Funds’ Prospectus.

 

Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account.

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations as described in the Funds’ Prospectus.

 

Shares sold to pay Raymond James fees, but only if the transaction is initiated by Raymond James.

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Front-end load discounts available at Raymond James: Breakpoints, and/or rights of accumulation

Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus.

 

Rights of accumulation which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Raymond James. Eligible fund family assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the rights of accumulation calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Letters of intent which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within a fund family, over a 13-month time period. Eligible fund family assets not held at Raymond James may be included in the calculation of letters of intent only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated (“Baird”):

Effective June 15, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Baird platform or brokerage account will only be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus or the SAI.

Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares Available at Baird:

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing share of the same fund (but not any other fund within the same fund family)

 

Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Baird or its affiliate and their family members as designated by Baird

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within 90 days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales charge (known as rights of reinstatement)

 

A shareholder in Class C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Class A shares of the same fund if the shares are no longer subject to CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of Baird

 

Employer-sponsored retirement plans or charitable accounts in a transactional brokerage account at Baird, including 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans. For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs or SAR- SEPs

 

CDSC Waivers on Class A and C Shares Available at Baird

Shares sold due to death or disability of the shareholder

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund's Prospectus

 

Shares bought due to returns of excess contributions from an IRA Account

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations as described in the fund's Prospectus

 

Shares sold to pay Baird fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Baird

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement

 

Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at Baird: Breakpoints and/or Rights of Accumulations

Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus

 

Rights of accumulations which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser's household at Baird. Eligible fund family assets not held at Baird may be included in the rights of accumulation calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets

 

Letters of Intent (LOI) which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases of the fund family through Baird, over a 13-month period of time.

 

244


 

Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (“OPCO”)

Effective May 1, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an OPCO platform or brokerage account are eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund's prospectus or SAI.

Front-end Sales Load Waivers on Class A Shares available at OPCO

Employer-sponsored retirement, deferred compensation and employee benefit plans (including health savings accounts) and trusts used to fund those plans, provided that the shares are not held in a commission-based brokerage account and shares are held for the benefit of the plan

 

Shares purchased by or through a 529 Plan

 

Shares purchased through a OPCO affiliated investment advisory program

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the fund family)

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the same fund family, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within ninety (90) days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (known as Rights of Restatement)

 

A shareholder in the Fund's Class C shares will have their shares converted at net asset value to Class A shares (or the appropriate share class) of the Fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is in line with the policies and procedures of OPCO

 

Employees and registered representatives of OPCO or its affiliates and their family members

 

Directors or Trustees of the Fund, and employees of the Fund's investment adviser or any of its affiliates, as described in this prospectus

 

CDSC Waivers on A, B, and C Shares available at OPCO

Death or disability of the shareholder

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in the Fund's Prospectus

 

Return of excess contributions from an IRA Account

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching the qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations as described in the Prospectus

 

Shares sold to pay OPCO fees but only if the transaction is initiated by OPCO

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement

 

Front-end load Discounts Available at OPCO: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent

Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus

 

Rights of Accumulation (ROA) which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of fund family assets held by accounts within the purchaser's household at OPCO. Eligible fund family assets not held at OPCO may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets

 

Janney Montgomery Scott, LLC (“Janney”):

If you purchase fund shares through a Janney brokerage account, you will be eligible for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”), or back-end sales charge, waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Prospectus or the SAI.

Front-end sales charge* waivers on Class A shares available at Janney

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment when purchasing shares of the same fund (but not any other fund within the Delaware Funds).

 

Shares purchased by employees and registered representatives of Janney or its affiliates and their family members as designated by Janney.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redemptions within the Delaware Funds, provided (1) the repurchase occurs within ninety (90) days following the redemption, (2) the redemption and purchase occur in the same account, and (3) redeemed shares were subject to a front-end or deferred sales load (i.e., right of reinstatement).

 

Employer-sponsored retirement plans (e.g., 401(k) plans, 457 plans, employer-sponsored 403(b) plans, profit sharing and money purchase pension plans and defined benefit plans). For purposes of this provision, employer-sponsored retirement plans do not include SEP IRAs, Simple IRAs, SAR-SEPs or Keogh plans.

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Class C shares that are no longer subject to a contingent deferred sales charge and are converted to Class A shares of the same fund pursuant to Janney’s policies and procedures.

 

245


 

CDSC waivers on Class A and C shares available at Janney

Shares sold upon the death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Shares sold as part of a systematic withdrawal plan as described in this Prospectus.

 

Shares purchased in connection with a return of excess contributions from an IRA account.

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and other retirement accounts due to the shareholder reaching age 70½ as described in this Prospectus.

 

Shares sold to pay Janney fees but only if the transaction is initiated by Janney.

 

Shares acquired through a right of reinstatement.

 

Shares exchanged into the same share class of a different fund.

 

Front-end sales charge* discounts available at Janney: breakpoints, rights of accumulation, and/or letters of intent

Breakpoints as described in this Prospectus

 

Rights of accumulation (“ROA”), which entitle shareholders to breakpoint discounts, will be automatically calculated based on the aggregated holding of Delaware Funds assets held by accounts within the purchaser’s household at Janney. Eligible Delaware Funds assets not held at Janney may be included in the ROA calculation only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor about such assets.

 

Letters of intent which allow for breakpoint discounts based on anticipated purchases within Delaware Funds, over a 13-month time period. Eligible Delaware Funds assets not held at Janney Montgomery Scott may be included in the calculation of letters of intent only if the shareholder notifies his or her financial advisor of such assets.

 

*Also referred to as an “initial sales charge.”

Edward D. Jones & Co., L.P. (“Edward Jones”):

Effective on or after April 1, 2021, clients of Edward Jones (also referred to as “shareholders”) purchasing Fund shares on the Edward Jones fee-based platforms or brokerage accounts are eligible only for the following sales charge discounts (also referred to as “breakpoints”) and waivers, which may differ from discounts and waivers described elsewhere in this Prospectus or the SAI. In all instances, it is the shareholder's responsibility to inform Edward Jones at the time of purchase of any relationship, holdings of the Transaction Funds or other facts qualifying the purchaser for discounts or waivers. Edward Jones can ask for documentation of such circumstance. Shareholders should contact Edward Jones if they have questions regarding their eligibility for these discounts and waivers.

Breakpoints

Breakpoint pricing, otherwise known as volume pricing, at dollar thresholds as described in this Prospectus.

 

Rights of Accumulation (“ROA”)

The applicable sales charge on a purchase of Class A shares is determined by taking into account all share classes (except certain money market funds and any assets held in group retirement plans) of Transaction Funds held by the shareholder or in an account grouped by Edward Jones with other accounts for the purpose of providing certain pricing considerations (“pricing groups”). If grouping assets as a shareholder, this includes all share classes held on the Edward Jones platform and/or held on another platform. The inclusion of eligible Transaction Fund assets in the ROA calculation is dependent on the shareholder notifying Edward Jones of such assets at the time of calculation. Money market funds are included only if such shares were sold with a sales charge at the time of purchase or acquired in exchange for shares purchased with a sales charge.

 

The employer maintaining a SEP IRA plan and/or SIMPLE IRA plan may elect to establish or change ROA for the IRA accounts associated with the plan to a plan-level grouping as opposed to including all share classes at a shareholder or pricing group level.

 

ROA is determined by calculating the higher of cost minus redemptions or market value (current shares x NAV).

 

Letter of Intent (“LOI”)

Through a LOI, shareholders can receive the sales charge and breakpoint discounts for purchases shareholders intend to make over a 13-month period from the date Edward Jones receives the LOI. The LOI is determined by calculating the higher of cost minus redemptions or market value of qualifying holdings at LOI initiation in combination with the value that the shareholder intends to buy over a 13-month period to calculate the front-end sales charge and any breakpoint discounts. Each purchase the shareholder makes during that 13-month period will receive the sales charge and breakpoint discount that applies to the total amount. The inclusion of eligible Transaction Funds assets in the LOI calculation is dependent on the shareholder notifying Edward Jones of such assets at the time of calculation. Purchases made before the LOI is received by Edward Jones are not adjusted under the LOI and will not reduce the sales charge previously paid. Sales charges will be adjusted if LOI is not met.

 

If the employer maintaining a SEP IRA plan and/or SIMPLE IRA plan has elected to establish or change ROA for the IRA accounts associated with the plan to a plan-level grouping, LOIs will also be at the plan-level and may only be established by the employer.

 

Sales Charge Waivers

Sales charges are waived for the following shareholders and in the following situations:

246


 

Associates of Edward Jones and its affiliates and their family members who are in the same pricing group (as determined by Edward Jones under its policies and procedures) as the associate. This waiver will continue for the remainder of the associate's life if the associate retires from Edward Jones in good-standing and remains in good standing pursuant to Edward Jones’ policies and procedures.

 

Shares purchased in an Edward Jones fee-based program.

 

Shares purchased through reinvestment of capital gains distributions and dividend reinvestment.

 

Shares purchased from the proceeds of redeemed shares of the same Transaction Funds so long as the following conditions are met:

 

1) the proceeds are from the sale of shares within 60 days of the purchase, and 2) the sale and. purchase are made in the same share class and the same account or the purchase is made in an individual retirement account with proceeds from liquidations in a non-retirement account.

 

Shares exchanged into Class A shares from another share class so long as the exchange is into the same fund and was initiated at the discretion of Edward Jones. Edward Jones is responsible for any remaining CDSC due to the fund company, if applicable. Any future purchases are subject to the applicable sales charge as disclosed in the Prospectus.

 

Exchanges from Class C shares to Class A shares of the same fund, generally, in the 84th month following the anniversary of the purchase date or earlier at the discretion of Edward Jones.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (“CDSC”) Waivers

If the shareholder purchases shares that are subject to a CDSC and those shares are redeemed before the CDSC is expired, the shareholder is responsible to pay the CDSC except in the following conditions:

The death or disability of the shareholder.

 

Systematic withdrawals with up to 10% per year of the account value.

 

Return of excess contributions from an Individual Retirement Account (IRA).

 

Shares sold as part of a required minimum distribution for IRA and retirement accounts if the redemption is taken in or after the year the shareholder reaches qualified age based on applicable IRS regulations.

 

Shares sold to pay Edward Jones fees or costs in such cases where the transaction is initiated by Edward Jones.

 

Shares exchanged in an Edward Jones fee-based program.

 

Shares acquired through NAV reinstatement.

 

Shares redeemed at the discretion of Edward Jones for Minimum Balances, as described below.

 

Other Important Information Regarding Transactions Through Edward Jones

Minimum Purchase Amounts

Initial purchase minimum: $250

 

Subsequent purchase minimum: none

 

Minimum Balances

Edward Jones has the right to redeem at its discretion fund holdings with a balance of $250 or less. The following are examples of accounts that are not included in this policy:

A fee-based account held on an Edward Jones platform

 

A 529 account held on an Edward Jones platform

 

An account with an active systematic investment plan or LOI

 

Exchanging Share Classes

At any time it deems necessary, Edward Jones has the authority to exchange a shareholder's holdings of a share class of a fund to Class A shares of the same fund at NAV.

 

Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (“Stifel”):

Effective July 1, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Stifel platform or brokerage account or who own shares for which Stifel or an affiliate is the broker-dealer of record are eligible for the following additional sales charge waiver, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in the Prospectus or SAI. All other sales charge waivers and reductions described elsewhere in the Prospectus or SAI still apply.

Front-end sales charge waivers on Class A shares

Class C shares that have been held for more than seven (7) years will be converted to Class A shares of the same Fund pursuant to Stifel's policies and procedures.

 

247


 

Appendix A: Hypothetical Investment and Expense Information

The following charts provide additional hypothetical information about the effect of the expenses of the Funds (see note following these charts), including investment advisory fees and other Fund costs, on the Funds’ assumed returns over a ten-year period. Each chart shows the estimated cumulative expenses that would be incurred in respect of a Hypothetical Investment of $10,000, assuming a 5% return each year, and no redemption of shares. Each chart also assumes that the Funds’ annual expense ratio stays the same throughout the ten-year period (except for Class C shares, which convert to Class A shares after you have held them for eight years and except for any contractual expense waivers currently in place) and that all dividends and other distributions are reinvested. The annual expense ratio used in each chart is the same as stated in the Fees and Expenses table of this Prospectus regarding the Funds (except in limited circumstances) (and thus may not reflect any voluntary fee waiver or expense reimbursement currently in effect). The maximum amount of any sales charge (Load) that might be imposed on the purchase of shares (and deducted from the hypothetical initial investment of $10,000) is reflected in the Hypothetical Expenses column. The Hypothetical Investment information does not reflect the effect of charges, if any, normally applicable to redemptions of shares (e.g., CDSC). If redemption charges, if any, were reflected, the amounts shown in the Hypothetical Expenses column would be higher, and the amounts shown in the Hypothetical Ending Investment column would be lower. Mutual fund returns, as well as fees and expenses, may fluctuate over time, and your actual investment returns and total expenses may be higher or lower than those shown below.

                               

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund ‑ Class A

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.59%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$60.30

   

$10,441.00

 

2

 

$10,441.00

   

$522.05

   

$10,963.05

   

$62.96

   

$10,901.45

 

3

 

$10,901.45

   

$545.07

   

$11,446.52

   

$65.74

   

$11,382.20

 

4

 

$11,382.20

   

$569.11

   

$11,951.31

   

$68.64

   

$11,884.16

 

5

 

$11,884.16

   

$594.21

   

$12,478.36

   

$71.66

   

$12,408.25

 

6

 

$12,408.25

   

$620.41

   

$13,028.66

   

$74.82

   

$12,955.45

 

7

 

$12,955.45

   

$647.77

   

$13,603.22

   

$78.12

   

$13,526.79

 

8

 

$13,526.79

   

$676.34

   

$14,203.13

   

$81.57

   

$14,123.32

 

9

 

$14,123.32

   

$706.17

   

$14,829.48

   

$85.16

   

$14,746.16

 

10

 

$14,746.16

   

$737.31

   

$15,483.47

   

$88.92

   

$15,396.46

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$737.89

   

 

 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Cash Management Fund ‑ Class C

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 1.56%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$158.68

   

$10,344.00

 

2

 

$10,344.00

   

$517.20

   

$10,861.20

   

$164.14

   

$10,699.83

 

3

 

$10,699.83

   

$534.99

   

$11,234.83

   

$169.79

   

$11,067.91

 

4

 

$11,067.91

   

$553.40

   

$11,621.30

   

$175.63

   

$11,448.64

 

5

 

$11,448.64

   

$572.43

   

$12,021.08

   

$181.67

   

$11,842.48

 

6

 

$11,842.48

   

$592.12

   

$12,434.60

   

$187.92

   

$12,249.86

 

7

 

$12,249.86

   

$612.49

   

$12,862.35

   

$194.38

   

$12,671.25

 

8

 

$12,671.25

   

$633.56

   

$13,304.82

   

$201.07

   

$13,107.14

 

9

 

$13,107.14

   

$655.36

   

$13,762.50

   

$79.04

   

$13,685.17

 

10

 

$13,685.17

   

$684.26

   

$14,369.43

   

$82.52

   

$14,288.69

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$1,594.84

   

 

 

248


 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund ‑ Class A

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.96%

Maximum front-end sales charge: 4.50%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$477.50

   

$10,027.50

   

$543.53

   

$9,935.82

 

2

 

$9,935.82

   

$496.79

   

$10,432.61

   

$97.31

   

$10,337.23

 

3

 

$10,337.23

   

$516.86

   

$10,854.09

   

$101.24

   

$10,754.85

 

4

 

$10,754.85

   

$537.74

   

$11,292.59

   

$105.33

   

$11,189.35

 

5

 

$11,189.35

   

$559.47

   

$11,748.81

   

$109.59

   

$11,641.40

 

6

 

$11,641.40

   

$582.07

   

$12,223.47

   

$114.01

   

$12,111.71

 

7

 

$12,111.71

   

$605.59

   

$12,717.29

   

$118.62

   

$12,601.02

 

8

 

$12,601.02

   

$630.05

   

$13,231.07

   

$123.41

   

$13,110.10

 

9

 

$13,110.10

   

$655.51

   

$13,765.61

   

$128.40

   

$13,639.75

 

10

 

$13,639.75

   

$681.99

   

$14,321.74

   

$133.59

   

$14,190.80

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$1,575.03

   

 

 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund ‑ Class C

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 1.84%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$186.91

   

$10,316.00

 

2

 

$10,316.00

   

$515.80

   

$10,831.80

   

$192.81

   

$10,641.99

 

3

 

$10,641.99

   

$532.10

   

$11,174.08

   

$198.91

   

$10,978.27

 

4

 

$10,978.27

   

$548.91

   

$11,527.19

   

$205.19

   

$11,325.19

 

5

 

$11,325.19

   

$566.26

   

$11,891.45

   

$211.68

   

$11,683.06

 

6

 

$11,683.06

   

$584.15

   

$12,267.21

   

$218.36

   

$12,052.25

 

7

 

$12,052.25

   

$602.61

   

$12,654.86

   

$225.27

   

$12,433.10

 

8

 

$12,433.10

   

$621.65

   

$13,054.75

   

$232.38

   

$12,825.98

 

9

 

$12,825.98

   

$641.30

   

$13,467.28

   

$125.62

   

$13,344.15

 

10

 

$13,344.15

   

$667.21

   

$14,011.36

   

$130.69

   

$13,883.26

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$1,927.82

   

 

 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund ‑ Class I

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.70%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$71.51

   

$10,430.00

 

2

 

$10,430.00

   

$521.50

   

$10,951.50

   

$74.58

   

$10,878.49

 

3

 

$10,878.49

   

$543.92

   

$11,422.41

   

$77.79

   

$11,346.27

 

4

 

$11,346.27

   

$567.31

   

$11,913.58

   

$81.13

   

$11,834.15

 

5

 

$11,834.15

   

$591.71

   

$12,425.86

   

$84.62

   

$12,343.02

 

6

 

$12,343.02

   

$617.15

   

$12,960.17

   

$88.26

   

$12,873.77

 

7

 

$12,873.77

   

$643.69

   

$13,517.46

   

$92.05

   

$13,427.35

 

8

 

$13,427.35

   

$671.37

   

$14,098.71

   

$96.01

   

$14,004.72

 

9

 

$14,004.72

   

$700.24

   

$14,704.96

   

$100.14

   

$14,606.92

 

10

 

$14,606.92

   

$730.35

   

$15,337.27

   

$104.45

   

$15,235.02

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$870.54

   

 

 

249


 

Appendix A: Hypothetical Investment and Expense Information

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund ‑ Class R6

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.55%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$56.22

   

$10,445.00

 

2

 

$10,445.00

   

$522.25

   

$10,967.25

   

$58.73

   

$10,909.80

 

3

 

$10,909.80

   

$545.49

   

$11,455.29

   

$61.34

   

$11,395.29

 

4

 

$11,395.29

   

$569.76

   

$11,965.05

   

$64.07

   

$11,902.38

 

5

 

$11,902.38

   

$595.12

   

$12,497.50

   

$66.92

   

$12,432.03

 

6

 

$12,432.03

   

$621.60

   

$13,053.64

   

$69.90

   

$12,985.26

 

7

 

$12,985.26

   

$649.26

   

$13,634.52

   

$73.01

   

$13,563.10

 

8

 

$13,563.10

   

$678.16

   

$14,241.26

   

$76.26

   

$14,166.66

 

9

 

$14,166.66

   

$708.33

   

$14,875.00

   

$79.65

   

$14,797.08

 

10

 

$14,797.08

   

$739.85

   

$15,536.93

   

$83.19

   

$15,455.55

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$689.29

   

 

 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Corporate Bond Fund ‑ Class Y

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.95%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$96.92

   

$10,405.00

 

2

 

$10,405.00

   

$520.25

   

$10,925.25

   

$100.85

   

$10,826.40

 

3

 

$10,826.40

   

$541.32

   

$11,367.72

   

$104.93

   

$11,264.87

 

4

 

$11,264.87

   

$563.24

   

$11,828.12

   

$109.18

   

$11,721.10

 

5

 

$11,721.10

   

$586.05

   

$12,307.15

   

$113.61

   

$12,195.80

 

6

 

$12,195.80

   

$609.79

   

$12,805.59

   

$118.21

   

$12,689.73

 

7

 

$12,689.73

   

$634.49

   

$13,324.22

   

$122.99

   

$13,203.67

 

8

 

$13,203.67

   

$660.18

   

$13,863.85

   

$127.97

   

$13,738.42

 

9

 

$13,738.42

   

$686.92

   

$14,425.34

   

$133.16

   

$14,294.82

 

10

 

$14,294.82

   

$714.74

   

$15,009.56

   

$138.55

   

$14,873.76

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$1,166.37

   

 

 

250


 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund ‑ Class A (including contractual waiver)

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.97%

Maximum front-end sales charge: 4.50%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$477.50

   

$10,027.50

   

$544.50

   

$9,934.87

 

Termination of Contractual Waiver

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.00%

   

 

 

2

 

$9,934.87

   

$496.74

   

$10,431.61

   

$101.34

   

$10,332.26

 

3

 

$10,332.26

   

$516.61

   

$10,848.87

   

$105.39

   

$10,745.55

 

4

 

$10,745.55

   

$537.28

   

$11,282.83

   

$109.60

   

$11,175.37

 

5

 

$11,175.37

   

$558.77

   

$11,734.14

   

$113.99

   

$11,622.39

 

6

 

$11,622.39

   

$581.12

   

$12,203.51

   

$118.55

   

$12,087.28

 

7

 

$12,087.28

   

$604.36

   

$12,691.65

   

$123.29

   

$12,570.77

 

8

 

$12,570.77

   

$628.54

   

$13,199.31

   

$128.22

   

$13,073.60

 

9

 

$13,073.60

   

$653.68

   

$13,727.28

   

$133.35

   

$13,596.55

 

10

 

$13,596.55

   

$679.83

   

$14,276.38

   

$138.68

   

$14,140.41

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$1,616.91

   

 

 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund ‑ Class C (including contractual waiver)

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 1.82%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$184.89

   

$10,318.00

 

2

 

$10,318.00

   

$515.90

   

$10,833.90

   

$190.77

   

$10,646.11

 

3

 

$10,646.11

   

$532.31

   

$11,178.42

   

$196.84

   

$10,984.66

 

4

 

$10,984.66

   

$549.23

   

$11,533.89

   

$203.10

   

$11,333.97

 

5

 

$11,333.97

   

$566.70

   

$11,900.67

   

$209.56

   

$11,694.39

 

6

 

$11,694.39

   

$584.72

   

$12,279.11

   

$216.22

   

$12,066.27

 

7

 

$12,066.27

   

$603.31

   

$12,669.59

   

$223.10

   

$12,449.98

 

8

 

$12,449.98

   

$622.50

   

$13,072.48

   

$230.19

   

$12,845.89

 

Converts from Class C to Class A

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

Annual
Expense
Ratio: 1.00%

   

 

 

9

 

$12,845.89

   

$642.29

   

$13,488.18

   

$131.03

   

$13,359.73

 

10

 

$13,359.73

   

$667.99

   

$14,027.71

   

$136.27

   

$13,894.11

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$1,921.97

   

 

 

251


 

Appendix A: Hypothetical Investment and Expense Information

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund ‑ Class I (including contractual waiver)

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.72%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$73.54

   

$10,428.00

 

Termination of Contractual Waiver

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

Average
Expense
Ratio: 0.76%

   

 

 

2

 

$10,428.00

   

$521.40

   

$10,949.40

   

$80.93

   

$10,870.15

 

3

 

$10,870.15

   

$543.51

   

$11,413.65

   

$84.36

   

$11,331.04

 

4

 

$11,331.04

   

$566.55

   

$11,897.59

   

$87.94

   

$11,811.48

 

5

 

$11,811.48

   

$590.57

   

$12,402.05

   

$91.67

   

$12,312.28

 

6

 

$12,312.28

   

$615.61

   

$12,927.90

   

$95.56

   

$12,834.33

 

7

 

$12,834.33

   

$641.72

   

$13,476.04

   

$99.61

   

$13,378.50

 

8

 

$13,378.50

   

$668.93

   

$14,047.43

   

$103.83

   

$13,945.75

 

9

 

$13,945.75

   

$697.29

   

$14,643.04

   

$108.23

   

$14,537.05

 

10

 

$14,537.05

   

$726.85

   

$15,263.90

   

$112.82

   

$15,153.42

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$938.49

   

 

 

 

                               

Delaware Ivy Government Securities Fund ‑ Class R6

 

 

 

Average expense ratio: 0.60%

 

 

 

Year

Hypothetical
Investment

Hypothetical
Performance
Earnings

Investment
After
Returns

Hypothetical
Expenses

Hypothetical
Ending
Investment

1

 

$10,000.00

   

$500.00

   

$10,500.00

   

$61.32

   

$10,440.00

 

2

 

$10,440.00

   

$522.00

   

$10,962.00

   

$64.02

   

$10,899.36

 

3

 

$10,899.36

   

$544.97

   

$11,444.33

   

$66.83

   

$11,378.93

 

4

 

$11,378.93

   

$568.95

   

$11,947.88

   

$69.78

   

$11,879.60

 

5

 

$11,879.60

   

$593.98

   

$12,473.59

   

$72.85

   

$12,402.31

 

6

 

$12,402.31

   

$620.12

   

$13,022.42

   

$76.05

   

$12,948.01

 

7

 

$12,948.01

   

$647.40

   

$13,595.41

   

$79.40

   

$13,517.72

 

8

 

$13,517.72

   

$675.89

   

$14,193.61

   

$82.89

   

$14,112.50

 

9

 

$14,112.50

   

$705.63

   

$14,818.13

   

$86.54

   

$14,733.45

 

10

 

$14,733.45

   

$736.67

   

$15,470.12

   

$90.35

   

$15,381.72

 

Cumulative Total

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

$750.03

   

 

 

 

252


 

Note: Each of the Ivy Funds included above in this Appendix A was a party to a reorganization with a corresponding series of the Waddell & Reed Advisors Funds (each, a WRA Fund). Pursuant to such reorganizations, each WRA Fund was reorganized out of existence. The above Hypothetical Investment and Expense Information was historically included in the WRA Fund prospectus.

253


 

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Additional information

Contact information

Delaware Distributors, L.P.

6301 Glenwood Street

Overland Park, Kansas 66202

913 236-2000

888 923-3355

257


 

Additional information about the Funds’ investments is available in their annual and semiannual shareholder reports. In the Funds’ annual shareholder report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds’ performance during the period covered by the report. You can find more information about the Funds in their current SAI, which is filed electronically with the SEC, and which is legally a part of this Prospectus (it is incorporated by reference). To request a copy of a Fund's current SAI or copies of its most recent Annual and Semiannual Reports, without charge, or for other inquiries, contact the Fund or Delaware Distributors, L.P. at the address and telephone number above. Copies of the SAI, Annual and/or Semiannual Reports also may be requested via e-mail at [email protected] and are available, without charge, at ivyinvestments.com. Information about the Funds (including the current SAI and most recent Annual and Semiannual Reports) is available from the SEC’s web site at sec.gov and also may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at [email protected].

Investment Company Act number: 811-06569

IVYPRO-SEP 1/22