OPTIMA STRATEGIC CREDIT FUND
a
series of
THE RBB FUND, INC.
FOUNDERS CLASS |
(TICKER: ) |
INVESTOR CLASS |
(TICKER: ) |
PROSPECTUS
December 31, 2023
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and Commodity Futures Trading Commission have not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY SECTION |
1 | |
FUND INFORMATION |
11 | |
More Information About Fund Investments |
11 | |
More Information About Risks |
11 | |
Principal Risks |
11 | |
Non-Principal Risks |
18 | |
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS |
20 | |
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND |
20 | |
Investment Adviser |
20 | |
Investment Sub-Adviser |
20 | |
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION |
21 | |
Pricing of Fund Shares |
21 | |
Purchase of Fund Shares |
22 | |
Redemption of Fund Shares |
26 | |
Market Timing |
27 | |
Exchange Privilege |
28 | |
Dividends and Distributions |
28 | |
More Information About Taxes |
29 | |
Distribution Arrangements |
30 | |
Additional Information |
31 | |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS |
32 | |
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND |
Back Cover |
The investment objective of the Optima Strategic Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is to seek total return.
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (the “Shares”). Additionally, you may be required to pay commissions and/or other forms of compensation to a broker for transactions in Shares of the Fund, which are not reflected in the tables or the examples below.
Founders
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Investor
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Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) |
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Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) |
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Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends |
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Redemption Fee (as a percentage of amount redeemed, if applicable) |
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Management Fees |
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Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees(1) |
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Other Expenses |
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Dividend and Interest Expenses |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
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Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements(3) |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses after Fee Waivers and/or Expense Reimbursements (3) |
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(1) |
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(2) |
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(3) |
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This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in Founders Class Shares or Investor Class Shares of the Fund for the time periods indicated and then hold or redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment
1
has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same (taking into account any applicable contractual expense limitation until its expiration). Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs of investing in the Fund would be:
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1 YEAR |
3 YEARS |
5 YEARS |
10 YEARS |
Founders Class |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Investor Class |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
The
Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells
securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may
indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are
held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Total Annual
Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During
the fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, the portfolio turnover rate of the Fund
was
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (including any borrowings for investment purposes) in a non-diversified portfolio of credit instruments and derivative instruments that are linked to, or provide investment exposure to, credit instruments. The Fund defines credit instruments broadly to include any debt instrument, including corporate debt securities, government and agency debt securities, leveraged loans (or bank loans), municipal securities, securitized instruments (including mortgage- and asset-backed securities) and shares of registered, closed-end or open-end investment companies and exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) (collectively, “Underlying Funds”) that have either adopted policies to invest at least 80% of their assets in credit instruments or invest substantially all of their assets in credit instruments. The Fund may invest in domestic and foreign credit instruments of any maturity and credit rating, and may invest a majority of its assets in credit instruments that are rated below investment grade (“high yield bonds”), which are also known as “junk bonds”, and/or credit instruments that are linked to, or provide investment exposure to high yield bonds.
To pursue its investment objective, the Fund uses a trend-following strategy that seeks to identify favorable market environments in high yield bonds. The Fund’s assets are managed in accordance with Anthony Capital Management, LLC’s (the “Sub-Adviser”) proprietary Tactical Risk Model (“TRM”). The TRM is a quantitatively-driven investment process that seeks to invest Fund assets (i) in high yield bonds and derivative instruments that are linked to, or provide investment exposure to, similar credit instruments when the Sub-Adviser believes that high yield bond markets are trending upwards (referred to herein as “Risk-On” environments); and (ii) in short-term fixed income securities or cash equivalents when the Sub-Adviser believes that high yield bond markets are trending downwards (referred to herein as “Risk-Off” environments). By tactically allocating its investments based upon market trends and momentum, the Fund seeks to reduce its exposure to declines in the high yield bond markets, thereby seeking to limit downside volatility and downside loss in down-trending markets. To determine whether a “Risk-On” or “Risk-Off” market environment exists, the Sub-Adviser systematically evaluates, among other things, price data from credit and equity markets, credit spreads, interest rates and other market-based indicators to provide a broad assessment of then-current market conditions.
Subject to the Sub-Adviser’s determination of the state of the then-current market environment, the Fund’s assets will generally be invested as follows:
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“Risk-On” Environments: In “Risk-On” environments (i.e., where the Sub-Adviser believes that high-yield bond markets are trending upwards), the Fund will invest up to 25% of its assets in derivative instruments including credit default swaps (“CDS”), CDS indexes or baskets of underlying diversified high yield bond funds, high yield bond indices, high yield bond ETFs, bank loan funds, multi-sector bond funds and other fixed income funds and other ETFs. |
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“Risk-Off” Environments: In “Risk-Off” environments (i.e., where the Sub-Adviser believes that high-yield bond markets are trending downwards), the Fund’s assets will be invested primarily in cash equivalents or short-term fixed income securities, including bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury. |
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High Yield Exposure Through Credit Default Swaps
While the Fund may execute its investment strategy by investing in individual high yield securities, it is anticipated that the Fund will invest during “Risk-On” environments primarily by entering into CDS. CDS are typically two-party (bilateral) financial contracts that transfer credit exposure between the two parties. One party to a CDS (referred to as the credit protection “buyer”) receives credit protection or sheds credit risk, whereas the other party to a CDS (referred to as the credit protection “seller”) sells credit protection or takes on credit risk. The seller typically receives pre-determined periodic payments from the other party. These payments are in consideration for agreeing to make specific payments to the buyer should a negative credit event occur, such as (1) bankruptcy, or (2) failure to pay interest or principal on a reference debt instrument, with respect to a specified issuer or one of the reference issuers in a CDS portfolio. In general, CDS may be used by the Fund to obtain credit risk exposure similar to that of a direct investment in high yield bonds.
The Fund will use CDS as part of a replication tactic whereby the Fund combines a (1) CDS on a portfolio of high yield bonds with (2) investments in high quality securities, such as U.S. Treasury bills, as an economic substitute for a portfolio of individual high yield bonds. This two-instrument “replication portfolio” is expected to have an economic and investment return profile that is substantially similar, although not identical to, a cash portfolio of high yield bonds. If the Fund invests in a portfolio of individual high yield bonds, it earns interest and suffers losses when issuers default. Similarly, the replication portfolio receives nearly identical payments and suffers nearly identical losses to that of a portfolio of high yield bonds. The Fund receives interest (from the portfolio of high-quality securities) and receives payments from the credit protection buyer, which, in total, are approximately equal to the interest payments on a cash portfolio of high yield bonds. Additionally, the Fund makes credit default payments to the credit protection buyer counterparty that are nearly identical to credit losses the Fund would suffer from the default of issuers in a cash portfolio of high yield bonds.
The Fund anticipates that it will use a market-standard high yield reference portfolio known as the Markit CDX High Yield Index (the “CDX High Yield Index”) to execute its investment strategy. The CDX High Yield Index (composed of 5-year credit default swaps on 100 relatively liquid high yield fixed income securities issued by BB and B rated North American corporate entities) is selected and maintained by Markit Group Limited (“Markit Group”) using specific-issue recommendations and current market-based default swap rates provided by major high yield market participants, such as commercial banks and broker-dealers. Markit Group also provides daily updates of the then-current average credit default swap rate associated with each of the securities included in the CDX High Yield Index. The CDX High Yield Index and its average credit default swap rate are used by the Fund and its counterparties to set the terms of CDX High Yield Index-referenced CDS. Markit Group also provides credit default loss information and required credit event payments by conducting a survey or quasi-auction on securities included in the CDX High Yield Index that have suffered a credit event. This loss information is used to calculate payments due from a credit protection seller to the protection buyer. A new CDX High Yield Index is created every six months to update the Index for the purpose of replacing defaulted issuers and including new issuers, which are representative of the then-current high yield market. The Fund expects that it may maintain original CDS or enter into new transactions that terminate the old CDS and replace them with CDS using the newly-updated CDX High Yield Index.
The tactic of using a CDS referenced to the CDX High Yield Index differs from the tactic of investing in specific Sub-Adviser-selected high yield bonds because (1) it does not rely upon the issuer-specific credit research of the Sub-Adviser, (2) exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the counterparty in addition to the credit risk of the reference high yield portfolio, and (3) permits only long or short positions in the Index rather than more selective issuer-specific or sector-specific investments.
In addition to the CDX High Yield Index, the Fund may also use foreign credit default swap indexes to gain exposure to foreign (including emerging markets) fixed income securities.
Other Investments
The Fund may invest in a broad range of securities and engage in a broad range of investment techniques including the following:
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Credit Instruments: The Fund may invest in foreign and domestic credit instruments, including, without limitation, corporate and sovereign debt securities, government and agency debt securities, leveraged loans (or bank loans), municipal securities, securitized instruments (including mortgage- and asset-backed securities) and shares of Underlying Funds that have either adopted policies to invest at least 80% of their assets in credit instruments or invest substantially all of their assets in credit (collectively, “Credit Instruments”). |
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High Yield Debt Securities: The Fund may invest in high yield debt securities without restriction as to issuer, counterparty, country or capitalization, and without restriction as to credit quality, maturity, issuer type or structure. The Fund may invest in investment grade corporate bonds, as well as higher-yielding, higher-risk non-investment grade corporate bonds (which are also commonly called “high yield bonds” or “junk bonds”) with medium to low credit quality ratings. High yield bonds are generally |
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credit instruments that are rated BB+ or lower by S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”), or Ba1 or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or, if unrated, determined by the Sub-Adviser, to be of comparable quality. High yield bonds have a higher expected rate of default than investment grade bonds. The Fund may invest in high yield bonds directly or through derivative instruments designed to replicate some or all of the features of an underlying portfolio of high yield bonds, such as CDS and credit default swap index products. See “High Yield Exposure Through Credit Default Swaps” section in the Fund’s principal investment strategy for more information regarding the Fund’s investments in high yield bond CDS.
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Underlying Funds: The Fund may invest its assets in shares of Underlying Funds, to the extent permissible under 1940 Act. As a shareholder of one or more Underlying Funds, the Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including advisory fees. These expenses would be in addition to the advisory fee and other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations. The Fund expects that a significant portion of the Fund’s assets may be invested in Underlying Funds. |
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Derivatives: The Fund may invest in derivative products to be used by the Fund to obtain exposure to specific asset class sectors, such as the high yield bond sector, in order to invest long in the specific asset classes. These products include CDS and credit default swap index products (including CDX High Yield Index products). The Fund may also use other derivatives including, without limitation, options transactions, other swap transactions, futures and repurchase agreements, without regard to credit quality, maturity, issuer type or structure. |
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U.S. Government Securities: The Fund may invest in obligations issued by agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government. These obligations vary in the level of support they receive from the U.S. Government. They may be: (i) supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury, such as those of the Government National Mortgage Association; (ii) supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, such as those of the Federal National Mortgage Association; or (iii) supported only by the credit of the issuer, such as those of the Federal Farm Credit Bureau. |
Defensive Periods
During defensive periods, as determined by the Sub-Adviser, the Fund may invest up to 100% of the Fund’s assets in high-quality, short-term debt securities and cash equivalents, including money market instruments and money market mutual funds. The Fund may also engage in derivative transactions to hedge against adverse price movements in credit instruments during defensive periods.
Risk
is inherent in all investing. The value of your investment in the Fund, as well
as the amount of return you receive on your investment, may fluctuate
significantly from day to day and over time.
The principal risk factors affecting shareholders’ investments in the Fund are set forth below.
Active Management Risk. The Fund is subject to management risk as an actively-managed investment portfolio. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the investment skill and ability of the Sub-Adviser and on the Sub-Adviser’s ability to correctly identify economic trends.
Cash Positions Risk. The Fund may hold a significant position in cash and/or cash equivalent securities. When the Fund’s investment in cash or cash equivalent securities increases, the Fund may not participate in market advances or declines to the same extent that it would if the Fund were more fully invested in other securities.
Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that the other party(s) to an agreement or a participant to a transaction might default on a contract or fail to perform by failing to pay amounts due or failing to fulfill the obligations of the contract or transaction.
Credit Default Swap Index Product Risk. A credit default swap index product is subject to the risks of the underlying credit default swap obligations, which include risks such as concentration risk and counterparty risk. Concentration risk refers to the certain large institutional buyers that may take large positions in credit default swaps. The failure of such a buyer could materially and adversely affect the credit default swap market as a whole. Counterparty risk refers to the risk that the counterparty to the swap will default on its obligation to pay.
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Credit Default Swap Risk. CDS are typically two-party financial contracts that transfer credit exposure between the two parties. Under a typical CDS, one party (the “seller”) receives pre-determined periodic payments from the other party (the “buyer”). The seller agrees to make specific payments to the buyer if a negative credit event occurs, such as the bankruptcy of or default by the issuer of the underlying debt instrument. The use of CDS involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions, such as potentially heightened counterparty or concentration risks.
Credit Risk. Credit risk is the risk that an issuer or other obligated party of a debt security may be unable or unwilling to make interest and principal payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. Securities rated in the four highest categories by the rating agencies are considered investment grade but they may also have some speculative characteristics. Investment grade ratings do not guarantee that bonds will not lose value or default. In addition, the credit quality of securities may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes. The Fund could also be delayed or hindered in its enforcement of rights against an issuer, guarantor, or counterparty.
Cyber Security Risk. Cyber security risk is the risk of an unauthorized breach and access to Fund assets, Fund or customer data (including private shareholder information), or proprietary information, or the risk of an incident occurring that causes the Fund, Adviser, Sub-Adviser, custodian, transfer agent, distributor and/or other service providers and financial intermediaries to suffer data breaches, data corruption or lose operational functionality or prevent Fund investors from purchasing, redeeming or exchanging shares or receiving distributions. The Fund and its Adviser and Sub-Adviser have limited ability to prevent or mitigate cyber security incidents affecting third-party service providers. Successful cyber-attacks or other cyber-failures or events affecting the Fund or its service providers may adversely impact and cause financial losses to the Fund or its shareholders. Issuers of securities in which the Fund invests are also subject to cyber security risks, and the value of these securities could decline if the issuers experience cyber-attacks or other cyber-failures.
Derivatives Risk. The Fund’s investments in derivative instruments including options, swaps and futures, which may be leveraged, may result in losses. Investments in derivative instruments may result in losses exceeding the amounts invested. The use of derivatives is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with investments in more traditional securities and instruments.
The use of derivatives is also subject to operational and legal risks. Operational risks generally refer to risks related to potential operational issues, including documentation issues, settlement issues, system failures, inadequate controls, and human error. Legal risks generally refer to risks of loss resulting from insufficient documentation, insufficient capacity or authority of counterparty, or legality or enforceability of a contract.
Emerging Markets Risk. Investment in emerging market securities involves greater risk than that associated with investment in foreign securities of developed foreign countries. These risks include volatile currency exchange rates, periods of high inflation, increased risk of default, greater social, economic and political uncertainty and instability, less governmental supervision and regulation of securities markets, weaker auditing and financial reporting standards, lack of liquidity in the markets, and the significantly smaller market capitalizations of emerging market issuers. In addition, the information available about an emerging market issuer may be less reliable than for comparable issuers in more developed capital markets. Investments in certain emerging markets are subject to an elevated risk of loss resulting from market manipulation and the imposition of exchange controls (including repatriation restrictions). The legal rights and remedies available for investors in emerging markets may be more limited than the rights and remedies available in the U.S., and the ability of U.S. authorities (e.g., SEC and the U.S. Department of Justice) to bring actions against bad actors in emerging markets may be limited.
Fixed Income Securities Risk. Fixed income securities in which the Fund or an Underlying Fund may invest are subject to certain risks, including: interest rate risk, prepayment risk and credit/default risk. Interest rate risk involves the risk that prices of fixed income securities will rise and fall in response to interest rate changes. Prepayment risk involves the risk that in declining interest rate environments prepayments of principal could increase and require the Fund or an Underlying Fund to reinvest proceeds of the prepayments at lower interest rates. Credit risk involves the risk that the credit rating of a security may be lowered.
Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund’s or an Underlying Fund’s investments in foreign securities are subject to special risks, including, but not limited to, currency exchange rate volatility, political, social or economic instability, and differences in taxation, auditing and other financial practices. Investments in emerging market securities by the Fund or an Underlying Fund are subject to higher risks than those in developed countries because there is greater uncertainty in less established markets and economies. Certain foreign securities in which the Fund or an Underlying Fund may invest may be traded in markets that close before the time that the Fund or Underlying Fund calculates its net asset value (“NAV”). Furthermore, certain foreign securities in which the Fund or an Underlying Fund may invest may be listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Fund or Underlying Fund does not calculate its NAV. As a result, the value of the Fund’s holdings may change on days when shareholders are not able to purchase or redeem the Fund’s shares.
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Recently, various countries have seen significant internal conflicts and in some cases, civil wars may have had an adverse impact on the securities markets of the countries concerned. In addition, the occurrence of new disturbances due to acts of war or terrorism or other political developments cannot be excluded. Nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political changes, government regulation, political, regulatory or social instability or uncertainty or diplomatic developments, including the imposition of sanctions or other similar measures, could adversely affect the Fund’s investments.
Recent examples of the above include conflict, loss of life and disaster connected to ongoing armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine in Europe and Hamas and Israel in the Middle East. The extent, duration and impact of these conflicts, related sanctions and retaliatory actions are difficult to ascertain, but could be significant and have severe adverse effects on the region, including significant adverse effects on the regional or global economies and the markets for certain securities and commodities. These impacts could negatively affect the Fund’s investments in securities and instruments that are economically tied to the applicable region, and include (but are not limited to) declines in value and reductions in liquidity. In addition, to the extent new sanctions are imposed or previously relaxed sanctions are reimposed (including with respect to countries undergoing transformation), complying with such restrictions may prevent the Fund from pursuing certain investments, cause delays or other impediments with respect to consummating such investments or divestments, require divestment or freezing of investments on unfavorable terms, render divestment of underperforming investments impracticable, negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objectives, prevent the Fund from receiving payments otherwise due, increase diligence and other similar costs to the Fund, render valuation of affected investments challenging, or require the Fund to consummate an investment on terms that are less advantageous than would be the case absent such restrictions. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect the Fund’s performance with respect to such investments, and thus the Fund’s performance as a whole.
Futures Risk. The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in correlation with the value of the underlying instrument. Risks of futures contracts may arise from an imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the futures and the price of the underlying instrument. The Fund’s use of futures contracts exposes the Fund to leverage risk because of the small margin requirements relative to the value of the futures contract. While futures contracts are generally liquid instruments, under certain market conditions they may become illiquid. The price of futures can be highly volatile; using them could lower total return, and the potential loss from futures could exceed the Fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Government Intervention and Regulatory Changes Risk. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) (which was passed into law in July 2010) significantly revised and expanded the rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement authority of federal bank, securities and commodities regulators. There can be no assurance that future regulatory actions including, but not limited to, those authorized by the Dodd-Frank Act will not adversely impact the Fund. Major changes resulting from legislative or regulatory actions could materially affect the profitability of the Fund or the value of investments made by the Fund or force the Fund to revise its investment strategy or divest certain of its investments. Any of these developments could expose the Fund to additional costs, taxes, liabilities, enforcement actions and reputational risk.
Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act provides for the regulation of a registered investment company’s use of derivatives and certain related investments. Rule 18f-4 imposes limits on the amount of derivatives a fund can enter into, treats derivatives as senior securities so that a failure to comply with the limits would result in a statutory violation, and requires the Fund to establish and maintain a comprehensive derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager. The Fund is required to comply with Rule 18f-4 and has adopted procedures for investing in derivatives and other transactions in compliance with Rule 18f-4.
High Yield Securities Risk. High yield securities, which are rated below investment grade and commonly referred to as “junk” bonds, are high risk, speculative investments that may cause income and principal losses for the Fund. They generally have greater credit risk, are less liquid and have more volatile prices than investment grade securities.
Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of fixed income securities generally increase when interest rates decline and decrease when interest rates increase. The Fund may lose money if short term or long term interest rates rise sharply or otherwise change in a manner not anticipated by the Sub-Adviser. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on the markets and the Fund’s investments and may also affect the liquidity of fixed income securities and instruments held by the Fund. Declines in interest rate levels could cause the Fund’s earnings to fall below the Fund’s expense ratio, resulting in a negative yield, and a decline in the Fund’s share price. A general rise in interest rates may cause investors to move out of fixed income securities on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of fixed income securities and could also result in increased redemptions for the Fund. Fluctuations in interest rates may also affect the liquidity of fixed income securities and instruments held by the Fund.
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Leveraging Risk. Investments in derivative instruments may give rise to a form of leverage. The Sub-Adviser may engage in speculative transactions which involve substantial risk and leverage. The use of leverage by the Sub-Adviser may increase the volatility of the Fund. These leveraged instruments may result in losses to the Fund or may adversely affect the Fund’s NAV or total return, because instruments that contain leverage are more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The Fund may also have to sell assets at inopportune times to satisfy its obligations in connection with such transactions.
Market Risk. The value of the Fund’s holdings and investment return will fluctuate based upon changes in the value of its investments. The market value of the Fund’s holdings is based upon the market’s perception of value and is not necessarily an objective measure of an investment’s value. The value of investments held by the Fund may increase or decrease in response to economic, political, financial, public health crises (such as epidemics or pandemics) or other disruptive events (whether real, expected or perceived) in the U.S. and global markets. U.S. and international markets have experienced significant periods of volatility in recent years and months due to a number of economic, political and global macro factors, including the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic, which has resulted in a public health crisis, business interruptions, growth concerns in the U.S. and overseas, rising unemployment claims, changed travel and social behaviors and reduced consumer spending. Uncertainties regarding interest rates, political events, rising government debt in the U.S. and trade tensions have also contributed to market volatility.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is a non-diversified investment company, which means that more of the Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of a single issuer than could be invested in the securities of a single issuer by a diversified investment company. This may make the value of the Fund’s shares more susceptible to certain risks than shares of a diversified investment company. As a non-diversified fund, the Fund has a greater potential to realize losses upon the occurrence of adverse events affecting a particular issuer.
Underlying Funds Risk. The Fund may invest in shares of registered, closed-end or open-end investment companies and ETFs. Investments in ETFs are subject to the risks of the securities in which those investment companies invest. Your cost of investing in the Fund, as a fund that invests in Underlying Funds, may be higher than the cost of investing in a fund that only invests directly in individual securities. Fund shareholders will indirectly pay a portion of the operating costs of the Underlying Funds in addition to the expenses of the Fund’s own operation. These costs include management, brokerage, shareholder servicing and other operational expenses. Unlike shares of typical mutual funds or unit investment trusts, shares of ETFs are designed to be traded throughout the trading day, bought and sold based on market prices rather than NAV. An investment in an ETF generally presents the following risks: (i) the same primary risks as an investment in a conventional mutual fund (i.e., one that is not exchange-traded) that has the same investment objectives, strategies and policies; (ii) the risk that an ETF may fail to accurately track the market segment or index that underlies its investment objective; (iii) price fluctuation, resulting in a loss to the Fund; (iv) the risk that an ETF may trade at a discount to its NAV; (v) the risk that an active market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; and (vi) the risk that an ETF may no longer meet the listing requirements of any applicable exchanges on which that ETF is listed. The SEC has adopted revisions to the rules permitting funds to invest in other investment companies. These regulatory changes may adversely impact the Fund’s investment strategies and operations.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. The Fund will not consider portfolio turnover rate a limiting factor in making investment decisions consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and policies. Therefore, it is possible that the Fund may experience high rates of portfolio turnover. High portfolio turnover will cause the Fund to incur higher brokerage commissions and transaction costs, which could lower the Fund’s performance. In addition to lower performance, high portfolio turnover could result in taxable capital gains. A portfolio turnover rate of 100% is considered to be high.
Preferred Securities Risk. Preferred securities are contractual obligations that entail rights to distributions declared by the issuer, but the issuer may be permitted to defer or suspend distributions for a certain period of time. Preferred securities may pay fixed or adjustable rates of return. Preferred securities generally are subordinated to bonds and other debt instruments in a company’s capital structure and therefore will be subject to greater credit risk than those debt instruments. Furthermore, a company’s preferred securities generally pay dividends only after the company makes required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt. In addition, preferred securities are subject to other risks, such as having no or limited voting rights, being subject to special redemption rights, having distributions deferred or skipped, having floating interest rates or dividends, which may result in a decline in value in a falling interest rate environment, having limited liquidity, changing or unfavorable tax treatments and possibly being issued by companies in heavily regulated industries.
Quantitative Trading Strategy Risk. The Sub-Adviser uses quantitative methods to select Fund investments. Securities or other investments selected using quantitative methods may perform differently from the market as a whole or from their expected performance for many reasons, including factors used in building the quantitative analytical framework, the weights placed on each factor, and changing sources of market returns, among others. Any errors or imperfections in quantitative analyses or models, or in
7
the data on which they are based, could adversely affect the ability of the Sub-Adviser to use such analyses or models effectively, which in turn could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. There can be no assurance that these methodologies will help the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Sector Risk. To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies in the same sector of the market, an adverse economic, business or political development affecting that region or sector may affect the value of the Fund’s investments more, and the Fund’s investments may be more volatile, than if its investments were not so concentrated in such geographic region or economic sector.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. government securities are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and the payment of principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Although U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such securities are nonetheless subject to credit risk (i.e., the risk that the U.S. government may be, or be perceived to be, unable or unwilling to honor its financial obligations, such as making payments). Securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises are supported by varying degrees of credit and may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated by law to do so.
Valuation Risk. The debt securities in which the Fund and Underlying Funds invest typically are valued by a pricing service utilizing a range of market-based inputs and assumptions, including readily available market quotations obtained from broker-dealers making markets in such instruments, cash flows and transactions for comparable instruments. There is no assurance that the Fund or Underlying Funds will be able to sell a portfolio security at the price established by the pricing service, which could result in a loss to the Fund. Pricing services generally price debt securities assuming orderly transactions of an institutional “round lot” size, but some trades may occur in smaller, “odd lot” sizes, often at lower prices than institutional round lot trades. Different pricing services may incorporate different assumptions and inputs into their valuation methodologies, potentially resulting in different values for the same securities. As a result, if the Fund or an Underlying Fund were to change pricing services, or if the Fund or an Underlying Fund’s pricing service were to change its valuation methodology, there could be a material impact, either positive or negative, on the Fund’s NAV.
For the year ended December 31
During the period shown in the bar chart, the
for a quarter was % (for the quarter ended ). The was % (for the quarter ended ). The Fund’s Institutional Class Shares for the nine months ended was %.
8
For the Periods Ended December 31,
2022
The following table, which includes all applicable sales charges (loads) and account fees, compares the Fund’s Founders Class and Investor Class Shares average annual total returns for the periods indicated to the average annual total returns of broad-based securities market indices for the same periods. Past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indicator of how the Fund will perform in the future.
Average
Annual Total Returns |
One Year |
Since
Inception |
(1) |
Founders Class Shares |
|||
Return Before Taxes |
- |
- |
|
Return After Taxes on Distributions(2) |
- |
- |
|
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares(2) |
- |
- |
|
Markit CDX.NA.HY 5Y Long Total Return Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)(3) |
- |
- |
(1) |
|
(2) |
|
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
Optima Asset Management LLC, located at 10 East 53rd Street, New York, NY 10022, serves as the investment adviser to the Fund.
Anthony Capital Management, LLC, located at 421 George Street, Suite 206, De Pere, WI 54115, serves as the investment sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Manager
Douglas Reich, Member and President of Anthony Capital Management, LLC, has served as portfolio manager to the Fund since its inception in December 2021.
PURCHASE AND SALE INFORMATION
The minimum initial investment for Founders Class Shares is $10,000, and the minimum initial investment for Investor Class Shares is $5,000. There is a minimum amount of $5,000 and $2,500 for subsequent investment in Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares, respectively. Certain features of the Shares, such as the initial and subsequent investment minimums and certain trading restrictions, may be modified or waived by Service Organizations (defined below), as further detailed in the section entitled “PURCHASE OF FUND SHARES – Purchases Through Intermediaries.”
You can purchase and redeem Shares of the Fund only on days the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open. Shares of the Fund may be available through certain brokerage firms, financial institutions and other industry professionals that have entered into a distribution agreement with the Distributor (collectively, “Service Organizations”). Certain features of the Shares, such as the initial and subsequent investment minimums and certain trading restrictions, may be modified or waived by Service Organizations, as further detailed in the section entitled “PURCHASE OF FUND SHARES–Purchases Through Intermediaries.” Shares of the Fund may also be purchased and redeemed directly through the Company by the means described below.
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PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION BY MAIL:
Regular Mail: Optima
Strategic Credit Fund |
Overnight Delivery: Optima
Strategic Credit Fund |
PURCHASE BY WIRE:
Before sending any wire, call U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC, doing business as U.S. Bank Global Fund Services (the “Transfer Agent”) (toll free) at 1-866-239- 2026 to confirm the current wire instructions for the Fund.
REDEMPTION BY TELEPHONE:
Call the Transfer Agent (toll free) at 1-866-239-2026.
TAXES
The Fund intends to make distributions that generally may be taxed at ordinary income or capital gains rates.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund may pay the intermediary for the sale of Shares and other related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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FUND INFORMATION
More Information About Fund Investments
This section provides some additional information about the Fund’s investments and certain portfolio management techniques that the Fund may use. More information about the Fund’s investments and portfolio management techniques, and related risks, is included in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
The Fund’s investment objective is to seek total return. The Fund’s investment objective is non-fundamental and may be changed by the Board without the approval of the Fund’s shareholders. However, as a matter of policy, the Fund would not materially change its investment objective without informing shareholders at least 60 days in advance of any such change.
The investments and strategies described in this Prospectus are those that the Fund uses under normal conditions. The Fund may depart from its principal investment strategy in response to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions by taking temporary defensive positions (up to 100% of its assets) in all types of money market and short-term debt securities. If the Fund were to take a temporary defensive position, it may be unable to achieve its investment objective for a period of time.
This Prospectus describes the Fund’s principal investment strategies, and the Fund will normally invest in the types of securities described in this Prospectus. In addition to the investments and strategies described in this Prospectus, the Fund also may invest, to a lesser extent, in other securities, use other strategies and engage in other investment practices that are not part of its principal investment strategy. These investments and strategies, as well as those described in this Prospectus, are described in detail in the Fund’s SAI. There is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
More Information About Risks
The following provides additional information about the principal and certain non-principal risks of investing in the Fund. More information about the Fund’s risks is included in the SAI.
Principal Risks
Active Management Risk
The skill of the Sub-Adviser will play a significant role in the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the investment skill and ability of the Sub-Adviser and on its ability to correctly identify economic trends. In addition, the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective depends on the Sub-Adviser’s ability to select investments for the Fund, particularly in volatile markets. The Adviser could be incorrect in its analysis of economic conditions and the relative attractiveness of Fund investments.
Cash Positions Risk
The Fund may hold a significant position in cash and/or cash equivalent securities. When the Fund’s investment in cash or cash equivalent securities increases, the Fund may not participate in market advances or declines to the same extent that it would if the Fund were more fully invested.
Credit Default Swap Index Product Risk
A credit default swap index product is subject to the risks of the underlying credit default swap obligations, which include risks such as concentration risk and counterparty risk, and operational risk. Concentration risk refers to the certain large institutional buyers that may take large positions in credit default swaps, and the failure of such a buyer could materially and adversely affect the credit default swap market as a whole. Counterparty risk refers to the risk that the counterparty to the swap will default on its obligation to pay. Certain index-based credit default swaps are structured in tranches, whereby junior tranches assume greater default risk than senior tranches. New regulations may make swaps more costly, may limit their availability, or may otherwise adversely affect the value or performance of these instruments. See the section entitled “Derivatives Contracts Risk” below for additional information.
Counterparty Risk
The stability and liquidity of swap transactions, forwards and over-the-counter derivative transactions depend in large part on the creditworthiness of the parties to the transactions. It is expected that the Sub-Adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of firms with which it will cause the Fund to enter into swaps or over-the-counter derivatives. If there is a default by the counterparty to such a transaction, the Fund will under most normal circumstances have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. However, exercising such contractual rights may involve delays or costs which could result in the value of the Fund
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being less than if the transaction had not been entered into. Furthermore, there is a risk that any of such counterparties could become insolvent and/or the subject of insolvency proceedings. If one or more of the Fund’s counterparties were to become insolvent or the subject of insolvency proceedings in the United States (either under the Securities Investor Protection Act or the United States Bankruptcy Code), there exists the risk that the recovery of such vehicle’s securities and other assets from such prime broker or broker- dealer will be delayed or be of a value less than the value of the securities or assets originally entrusted to such prime broker or broker-dealer.
In addition, the Fund may use counterparties located in jurisdictions outside of the United States. Such local counterparties are subject to the laws and regulations in non-
U.S. jurisdictions that are designed to protect their customers in the event of their insolvency. However, the practical effect of these laws and their application to the Fund’s assets are subject to substantial limitations and uncertainties. Because of the large number of entities and jurisdictions involved and the range of possible factual scenarios involving the insolvency of a counterparty, it is impossible to generalize about the effect of their insolvency on the Fund and its assets. Shareholders should assume that the insolvency of any counterparty would result in a loss to the Fund, which could be material. If the Fund obtains exposure to one or more Underlying Funds indirectly through the use of one or more total return swaps, those investments will be subject to counterparty risk.
Transactions in certain types of swaps (including credit default swaps) are also required to be centrally cleared (“cleared derivatives”). In a transaction involving cleared derivatives, the Fund’s counterparty is a clearing house, rather than a bank or broker. Since the Fund is not a member of clearing houses and only members of a clearing house (“clearing members”) can participate directly in the clearing house, the Fund will hold cleared derivatives through accounts at clearing members. In cleared derivatives positions, the Fund will make payments (including margin payments) to and receive payments from a clearing house through their accounts at clearing members. Clearing members guarantee performance of their clients’ obligations to the clearing house. In contrast to bilateral derivatives transactions, following a period of advance notice to the Fund, clearing members generally can require termination of existing cleared derivatives transactions at any time and increases in margin above the margin that it required at the beginning of a transaction. Clearing houses also have broad rights to increase margin requirements for existing transactions and to terminate transactions. Any such increase or termination could interfere with the ability of the Fund to pursue its investment strategy. Also, the Fund is subject to execution risk if it enters into a derivatives transaction that is required to be cleared (or that the Adviser expects to be cleared), and no clearing member is willing or able to clear the transaction on the Fund’s behalf. While the documentation in place between the Fund and its clearing members generally provides that the clearing members will accept for clearing all transactions submitted for clearing that are within credit limits specified by the clearing members in advance, the Fund could be subject to this execution risk if the Fund submits for clearing transactions that exceed such credit limits, if the clearing house does not accept the transactions for clearing, or if the clearing members do not comply with their agreement to clear such transactions. In that case, the transaction might have to be terminated, and the Fund could lose some or all of the benefit of any increase in the value of the transaction after the time of the transaction. In addition, new regulations could, among other things, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in, or increase the cost to the Fund of, derivatives transactions, for example, by making some types of derivatives no longer available to the Fund or increasing margin or capital requirements. If the Fund is not able to enter into a particular derivatives transaction, the Fund’s investment performance and risk profile could be adversely affected as a result.
Credit Default Swaps Risk
A credit default swap enables an investor to buy or sell protection against a credit event with respect to an issuer. Credit default swaps involve risks because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty). The Fund bears the loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap counterparty. The maximum risk of loss for sell protection on a credit default swap is the notional value of the total underlying amount of the swap.
Credit/Default Risk
The risk that issuers or guarantors of a fixed income security or derivative contract cannot or will not make payments on the securities and other investments held by the Fund, may result in losses to the Fund. Changes in the credit rating of a debt security or of the issuer of a debt security held by a Fund could have a similar effect. The credit quality of fixed income securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes, which may lower their value and may affect their liquidity. Generally, the lower the credit rating of a security, the greater the risk that the issuer of the security will default on its obligation. The risk of loss due to default by issuers of lower-rated securities is greater because low-rated securities generally are unsecured and
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often are subordinated to the rights of other creditors of the issuers of such securities. The Fund also may incur additional expenses in seeking recovery on defaulted securities. High quality securities are generally believed to have relatively low degrees of credit risk. The Fund intends to enter into financial transactions with counterparties that are creditworthy at the time of the transactions.
There is always the risk that the Sub-Adviser’s analysis of creditworthiness is incorrect or may change due to market conditions. To the extent that the Fund focuses its transactions with a limited number of counterparties, it will be more susceptible to the risks associated with one or more counterparties.
Cyber Security Risk
With the increased use of technologies such as the internet to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber- attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber security failures or breaches by the Fund’s Adviser, Sub-Adviser and other service providers (including, but not limited to, Fund accountant, custodian, transfer agent and administrator), and the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses, interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, impediments to trading, the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any cyber incidents in the future. While the Adviser and Sub-Adviser have established business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to prevent, such cyber-attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund and issuers in which the Fund invests. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
Derivatives Contracts Risk
The Fund may, but need not, use derivative contracts for any of the following purposes:
● |
To seek to hedge against the possible adverse impact of changes in stock market prices, currency exchange rates or interest rates in the market value of its securities or securities to be purchased; |
● |
As a substitute for buying or selling securities; or |
● |
To seek to enhance the Fund’s return in non-hedging situations. |
Derivative contracts in which the Fund may invest include: futures and options on securities, securities indices or currencies; options on such futures; forward foreign currency contracts; and interest rate, total return or currency swaps. A derivative contract will obligate or entitle the Fund to deliver or receive an asset or cash payment that is based on the change in value of one or more securities, currencies or indices. Even a small investment in derivative contracts can have a big impact on a Fund’s market, currency and interest rate exposure. Therefore, using derivatives can disproportionately increase losses and reduce opportunities for gains when stock prices, currency rates or interest rates are changing. The Fund may not fully benefit from or may lose money on derivatives if changes in their value do not correspond accurately to changes in the value of the Fund’s holdings. The other parties to certain derivative contracts present the same types of default risk as issuers of fixed income securities in that the counterparty may default on its payment obligations or become insolvent. Derivatives can also make the Fund less liquid and harder to value, especially in declining markets.
Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act provides for the regulation of a registered investment company’s use of derivatives and certain related investments. Rule 18f-4 imposes limits on the amount of derivatives a fund can enter into, treats derivatives as senior securities so that a failure to comply with the limits would result in a statutory violation, and requires the Fund to establish and maintain a comprehensive derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager. The Fund is required to comply with Rule18f-4 and has adopted procedures for investing in derivatives and other transactions in compliance with Rule 18f-4. The use of derivatives is also subject to operational and legal risks. Operational risks generally refer to risks related to potential operational issues, including documentation issues, settlement issues, system failures, inadequate controls, and human error. Legal risks generally refer to risks of loss resulting from insufficient documentation, insufficient capacity or authority of counterparty, or legality or enforceability of a contract.
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Fixed Income Securities Risk
Fixed income securities held by the Fund are subject to interest rate risk, call risk, prepayment and extension risk, credit risk, duration risk and liquidity risk, which are more fully described below. In addition, current market conditions may pose heightened risks for fixed income securities. Over the past several years, the U.S. Federal Reserve has maintained the level of interest rates at or near historic lows. However, more recently, interest rates have begun to increase as a result of action that has been taken by the U.S. Federal Reserve, which has raised, and may continue to raise, interest rates. Future increases in interest rates could result in less liquidity and greater volatility of fixed income securities. The Fund may lose money if short-term or long-term interest rates rise sharply in a manner not anticipated by Fund management. Moreover, new regulations applicable to and changing business practices of financial intermediaries restricting their market marking activities for certain fixed income securities, which may reduce the liquidity and increase the volatility for such fixed income securities. The fixed-income securities market can be susceptible to increases in volatility and decreases in liquidity. Liquidity may decline unpredictably in response to overall economic conditions or credit tightening. For example, a general rise in interest rates may cause investors to move out of fixed income securities on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of fixed income securities and could also result in increased redemptions for the Fund.
● |
Call Risk. During periods of declining interest rates, a bond issuer may “call,” or repay, its high yielding bonds before their maturity dates. The Fund would then be forced to invest the unanticipated proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in its income. |
● |
Credit Risk. Fixed income securities are generally subject to the risk that the issuer may be unable to make principal and interest payments when they are due. There is also the risk that the securities could lose value because of a loss of confidence in the ability of the borrower to pay back debt. Lower rated fixed income securities involve greater credit risk, including the possibility of default or bankruptcy. |
● |
Duration Risk. Longer-term securities may be more sensitive to interest rate changes. Given the recent, historically low interest rates and the potential for increases in those rates, a heightened risk is posed by rising interest rates to longer-term fixed income securities. Effective duration estimates price changes for relatively small changes in rates. |
● |
Interest Rate Risk. Fixed income securities are subject to the risk that the securities could lose value because of interest rate changes. For example, bonds tend to decrease in value if interest rates rise. Fixed income securities with longer maturities sometimes offer higher yields, but are subject to greater price shifts as a result of interest rate changes than fixed income securities with shorter maturities. |
● |
Liquidity Risk. There is risk that the Fund may not be able to pay redemption proceeds within the time periods described in this Prospectus because of unusual market conditions, an unusually high volume of redemption requests, legal restrictions impairing its ability to sell particular securities or close derivative positions at an advantageous market price or other reasons. Certain portfolio securities may be less liquid than others, which may make them difficult or impossible to sell at the time and the price that the Fund would like or difficult to value. The Fund may have to lower the price, sell other securities instead or forgo an investment opportunity. In addition, less liquid securities may be more difficult to value and markets may become less liquid when there are fewer interested buyers or sellers or when dealers are unwilling or unable to make a market for certain securities. Recently, dealers have generally been less willing to make markets for fixed income securities. Any of these events could have a negative effect on fund management or performance. Funds with principal investment strategies that involve investments in securities of companies with smaller market capitalizations, foreign securities, Rule 144A securities, derivatives (e.g., swap contracts) or securities with substantial market and/or credit risk tend to have the greatest exposure to liquidity risk. In the past, in stressed markets, certain types of securities, suffered periods of illiquidity if disfavored by the market. All of these risks may increase during periods of market turmoil and could have a negative effect on the Fund’s performance. |
● |
Prepayment and Extension Risk. Many types of fixed income securities are subject to prepayment risk. Prepayment occurs when the issuer of a fixed income security can repay principal prior to the security’s maturity. Fixed income securities subject to prepayment can offer less potential for gains during a declining interest rate environment and similar or greater potential for loss in a rising interest rate environment and accordingly, a decline in the Fund’s NAV. In addition, the potential impact of prepayment features on the price of a fixed income security can be difficult to predict and result in greater volatility. On the other hand, rising interest rates could cause prepayments of the obligations to decrease, extending the life of mortgage- and asset-backed securities with lower payment rates. This is known as extension risk and may increase the Fund’s sensitivity to rising rates and its potential for price declines. |
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● |
Variable and Floating Rate Securities. Variable and floating rate securities generally are less sensitive to interest changes but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as interest rates in general. Floating rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. |
Foreign and Emerging Market Securities Risk
Foreign investments may carry risks associated with investing outside the U.S., such as currency fluctuation, economic or financial instability, lack of timely or reliable financial information or unfavorable political or legal developments. Those risks are increased for investments in emerging markets.
Foreign securities include dollar-denominated foreign securities and securities purchased directly on foreign exchanges. Foreign securities may be subject to more risks than U.S. domestic investments. These additional risks may potentially include lower liquidity, less public information, greater price volatility and risks related to adverse political, regulatory, market or economic developments. Foreign companies also may be subject to significantly higher levels of taxation than U.S. companies, including potentially confiscatory levels of taxation, thereby reducing the earnings potential of such foreign companies. Because there is usually less supervision and governmental regulation of foreign exchanges, brokers and dealers than there is in the U.S., the Fund may experience settlement difficulties or delays not usually encountered in the U.S. In addition, the information available about a foreign issuer may be less reliable than for comparable issuers in more developed capital markets.
In addition, amounts realized on sales of foreign securities may be subject to high and potentially confiscatory levels of foreign taxation and withholding when compared to comparable transactions in U.S. securities. The Fund will generally not be eligible to pass through to shareholders any U.S. federal income tax credits or deductions with respect to foreign taxes paid unless it meets certain requirements regarding the percentage of its total assets invested in foreign securities. Investments in foreign securities involve exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. Such fluctuations may reduce the value of the investment. Foreign investments are also subject to risks including potentially higher withholding and other taxes, trade settlement, custodial, and other operational risks and less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards in certain foreign markets. Further, investments in certain emerging markets are subject to an elevated risk of loss resulting from market manipulation. The legal rights and remedies available for investors in emerging markets may be more limited than the rights and remedies available in the U.S., and the ability of U.S. authorities (e.g., SEC and the U.S. Department of Justice) to bring actions against bad actors in emerging markets may be limited. In addition, foreign markets can and often do perform differently from U.S. markets.
Futures Risk
The value of a futures contract tends to increase and decrease in correlation with the value of the underlying instrument. Risks of futures contracts may arise from an imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the futures and the price of the underlying instrument. The Fund’s use of futures contracts exposes the Fund to leverage risk because of the small margin requirements relative to the value of the futures contract. A relatively small market movement will have a proportionately larger impact on the funds that the Fund has deposited or will have to deposit with a broker to maintain its futures position. Leverage can lead to large losses as well as gains. While futures contracts are generally liquid instruments, under certain market conditions they may become illiquid. Futures exchanges may impose daily or intraday price change limits and/or limit the volume of trading. Additionally, government regulation may further reduce liquidity through similar trading restrictions. As a result, the Fund may be unable to close out its futures contracts at a time that is advantageous. The price of futures can be highly volatile; using them could lower total return, and the potential loss from futures could exceed the Fund’s initial investment in such contracts.
Government Intervention and Regulatory Changes
The Dodd-Frank Act significantly revised and expanded the rulemaking, supervisory and enforcement authority of federal bank, securities and commodities regulators. There can be no assurance that future regulatory actions, including, but not limited to, those authorized by the Dodd-Frank Act will not adversely impact the Fund. Major changes could materially affect the profitability of the Fund or the value of investments made by the Fund or force the Fund to revise its investment strategy or divest certain of its investments. Any of these developments could expose the Fund to additional costs, taxes, liabilities, enforcement actions and reputational risk.
High Yield Securities Risk
Fixed income securities receiving below investment grade ratings (i.e., “junk bonds”) may have speculative characteristics, and, compared to higher-grade securities, may have a weakened capacity to make principal and interest payments in certain economic conditions or other circumstances. High-yield, high risk, and lower-rated securities are subject to additional risk factors due to the speculative nature of these securities, such as increased possibility of default, decreased liquidity, and fluctuations in value due to
15
public perception of the issuer of such securities. These bonds are almost always uncollateralized and subordinate to other debt that an issuer may have outstanding. In addition, both individual high yield securities and the entire high yield bond market can experience sharp price swings due to a variety of factors, including changes in economic forecasts, stock market activity, large sustained sales by major investors, or, a higher profile default.
Interest Rate Risk
Bond prices generally rise when interest rates decline and decline when interest rates rise. The longer the duration of a bond, the more a change in interest rates affects the bond’s price. Short-term and long-term interest rates may not move the same amount and may not move in the same direction. Changing interest rates may have unpredictable effects on the markets and the Fund’s investments and may also affect the liquidity of fixed income securities and instruments held by the Fund. Future declines in interest rate levels could cause the Fund’s earnings to fall below the Fund’s expense ratio, resulting in a negative yield and a decline in the Fund’s share price.
Leveraging Risk
The Fund’s use of futures, forward contracts, swaps and other derivative instruments will have the economic effect of financial leverage. The use of leverage by the Sub- Adviser may increase the volatility of the Fund. These leveraged instruments may result in losses to the Fund or may adversely affect the Fund’s NAV or total return, because instruments that contain leverage are more sensitive to changes in interest rates. The Fund may also use borrowed funds to create leverage. Although the use of leverage by the Fund may create an opportunity for increased return, it also results in additional risks and can magnify the effect of any losses. If the income and gains earned on the securities and instruments purchased with leverage proceeds are greater than the cost of the leverage, the Fund’s return will be greater than if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the income and gains from the securities and instruments purchased with such proceeds does not cover the cost of leverage, the Fund’s return will be less than if leverage had not been used. In the event of a sudden, precipitous drop in value of the Fund’s assets, the Fund may not be able to liquidate assets quickly enough to pay off its borrowing.
Market Risk
The Fund’s NAV and investment return will fluctuate based upon changes in the value of its investments. The market value of the Fund’s holdings is based upon the market’s perception of value and is not necessarily an objective measure of an investment’s value. There is no assurance that the Fund will realize its investment objective, and an investment in the Fund is not, by itself, a complete or balanced investment program. You could lose money on your investment in the Fund, or the Fund could underperform other investments.
Periods of unusually high financial market volatility and restrictive credit conditions, at times limited to a particular sector or geographic area, have occurred in the past and may be expected to recur in the future. Some countries, including the U.S., have adopted or have signaled protectionist trade measures, relaxation of the financial industry regulations that followed the financial crisis, and/or reductions to corporate taxes. The scope of these policy changes is still developing, but the equity and debt markets may react strongly to expectations of change, which could increase volatility, particularly if a resulting policy runs counter to the market’s expectations. The outcome of such changes cannot be foreseen at the present time. In addition, geopolitical and other risks, including environmental and public health risks, war, natural disasters, terrorism, conflicts, and social unrest may add to instability in the world economy and markets generally. As a result of increasingly interconnected global economies and financial markets, the value and liquidity of the Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by events impacting a country or region, regardless of whether the Fund invests in issuers located in or with significant exposure to such country or region.
The continuing spread of an infectious respiratory illness caused by a novel strain of coronavirus (known as COVID-19) has caused volatility, severe market dislocations and liquidity constraints in many markets and may adversely affect the Fund’s investments and operations. The outbreak was first detected in December 2019 and subsequently spread globally. The transmission of COVID-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international and domestic travel restrictions and disruptions, closed international borders, enhanced health screenings at ports of entry and elsewhere, disruption of and delays in healthcare service preparation and delivery, quarantines, event and service cancellations or interruptions, disruptions to business operations (including staff reductions), supply chains and consumer activity, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These disruptions have led to instability in the marketplace, including stock and credit market losses and overall volatility. The impact of COVID-19, and other infectious illness outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics that may arise in the future, could adversely affect the economies of many nations or the entire global economy, the financial performance of individual issuers, borrowers and sectors and the health of the markets generally in potentially significant and unforeseen ways. Health crises may heighten other pre-existing political, social and economic risks in a country or region. In the event of a pandemic or an outbreak, there can be no assurance that the Fund and its service providers will be able to maintain normal business operations for
16
an extended period of time or will not lose the services of key personnel on a temporary or long-term basis due to illness or other reasons. Although vaccines for COVID-19 are available, the full impacts of a pandemic or disease outbreaks are unknown and the pace of recovery may vary from market to market, resulting in a high degree of uncertainty for potentially extended periods of time.
Non-Diversification Risk
The Fund is a non-diversified investment company, which means that more of the Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of a single issuer than could be invested in the securities of a single issuer by a diversified investment company. This may make the value of the Fund’s shares more susceptible to certain risks than shares of a diversified investment company. As a non-diversified fund, the Fund has a greater potential to realize losses upon the occurrence of adverse events affecting a particular issuer.
Portfolio Turnover Risk
The Fund may sell securities without regard to the length of time they have been held to take advantage of new investment opportunities, when the Sub-Adviser feels either the securities no longer meet its investment criteria or the potential for capital appreciation has lessened, or for other reasons. The Fund’s portfolio turnover rate may vary from year to year. A high portfolio turnover rate (100% or more) increases the Fund’s transaction costs (including brokerage commissions and dealer costs), which would adversely impact the Fund’s performance. Higher portfolio turnover may result in the realization of more short-term capital gains than if the Fund had lower portfolio turnover. The turnover rate will not be a limiting factor, however, if the Sub-Adviser considers portfolio changes appropriate.
Preferred Securities Risk
The value of preferred securities may decline due to general market conditions that are not specifically related to a particular issuer or to factors affecting a particular industry or industries. Preferred securities may be more volatile than fixed income securities and are often more correlated with the issuer’s underlying common stock than fixed income securities. While most preferred securities pay a dividend, the Fund may purchase preferred securities where the issuer has omitted, or is in danger of omitting, payment of its dividend.
Quantitative Trading Strategy Risk
The Sub-Adviser uses quantitative methods to select Fund investments. Securities or other investments selected using quantitative methods may perform differently from the market as a whole or from their expected performance for many reasons, including factors used in building the quantitative analytical framework, the weights placed on each factor, and changing sources of market returns, among others. Any errors or imperfections in quantitative analyses or models, or in the data on which they are based, could adversely affect the ability of the Sub-Adviser to use such analyses or models effectively, which in turn could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. There can be no assurance that these methodologies will help the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Sector Risk
To the extent the Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in the securities of companies in the same sector of the market, an adverse economic, business or political development affecting that region or sector may affect the value of the Fund’s investments more, and the Fund’s investments may be more volatile, than if its investments were not so concentrated in such geographic region or economic sector.
Underlying Fund Risk
If the Fund invests in shares of an Underlying Fund, shareholders will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the Underlying Fund in which the Fund invests in addition to the Fund’s direct fees and expenses. Furthermore, investments in Underlying Funds could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions to shareholders and therefore may increase the amount of taxes payable by investors in the Fund.
The Fund may invest in ETFs, which are a type of Underlying Fund. ETFs are typically open-end investment companies that are bought and sold on a national securities exchange. When the Fund invests in an ETF, it will bear additional expenses based on its pro rata share of the ETF’s operating expenses, including the potential duplication of management fees. The risk of owning an ETF generally reflects the risks of owning the underlying securities it holds. Many ETFs seek to replicate a specific benchmark index. However, an ETF may not fully replicate the performance of its benchmark index for many reasons, including because of the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or discrepancies between the ETF and the index with respect to the weighting of securities or the number of stocks held. Some ETFs are actively-managed and do not seek to replicate or track any benchmark index. Actively managed ETFs are subject to risk of poor investment, and the individual investments of an
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actively-managed ETF may not perform as well as its investment adviser and/or sub-advisers expect, and/or the actively managed ETF’s portfolio management practices do not work to achieve their desired result. Lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in an ETF being more volatile than the underlying portfolio of securities it holds. In addition, because of ETF expenses, compared to owning the underlying securities directly, it may be more costly to own an ETF. The Fund also will incur brokerage costs when it purchases ETFs.
The market for an ETF’s shares may become less liquid in response to deteriorating liquidity in the markets for the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings, which could lead to differences between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares. An ETF’s market price may deviate from the value of the ETF’s underlying portfolio holdings, particularly in times of market stress, with the result that investors may pay significantly more or receive significantly less than the underlying value of the ETF shares bought or sold. An active trading market for shares of the ETF may not develop or be maintained. In times of market stress, market makers or authorized participants may step away from their respective roles in making a market in shares of the ETF and in executing purchase or redemption orders, which could also lead to variances between the market price of the ETF’s shares and the underlying value of those shares.
The Fund may invest in shares of Underlying Funds to the extent permitted by applicable law and subject to certain restrictions. Unless an exception is available, Section 12(d)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act prohibits a fund from (i) acquiring more than 3% of the voting shares of any one investment company, (ii) investing more than 5% of its total assets in any one investment company, and (iii) investing more than 10% of its total assets in all investment companies combined. The SEC has adopted revisions to the rules permitting funds to invest in other investment companies in excess of the limits described above. While Rule 12d1-4 permits more types of fund of fund arrangements without reliance on an exemptive order or no-action letters, it imposes new conditions, including limits on control and voting of acquired funds’ shares, evaluations and findings by investment advisers, fund investment agreements, and limits on most three-tier fund structures.
U.S. Government Securities Risk
U.S. government securities are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and the payment of principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Although U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such securities are nonetheless subject to credit risk (i.e., the risk that the U.S. government may be, or be perceived to be, unable or unwilling to honor its financial obligations, such as making payments). Securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or authorities and U.S. government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises are supported by varying degrees of credit and may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In the past, U.S. sovereign credit has experienced downgrades, and there can be no guarantee that it will not be downgraded in the future.
Valuation Risk
The sale price the Fund could receive for a security may differ from the Fund’s valuation of the security, particularly for securities that trade in low volume or volatile markets, or that are valued using a fair value methodology. Because portfolio securities of the Fund may be traded on non-U.S. exchanges, and non-U.S. exchanges may be open on days when the Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the Fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares.
Non-Principal Risks
Bank Loan Risk
The Fund’s investments in secured and unsecured participations in bank loans and assignments of such loans may create substantial risk. In making investments in such loans, which are made by banks or other financial intermediaries to borrowers, the Fund will depend primarily upon the creditworthiness of the borrower for payment of principal and interest. If the Fund does not receive scheduled interest or principal payments on such indebtedness, the Fund’s share price could be adversely affected. The Fund may invest in loan participations that are rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or are unrated, and may invest in loan participations of any credit quality, including “distressed” companies with respect to which there is a substantial risk of losing the entire amount invested. In addition, certain bank loans in which the Fund may invest may be illiquid and, therefore, difficult to value and/or sell at a price that is beneficial to the Fund.
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Borrowing Risk
Borrowing for investment purposes creates leverage, which may increase the volatility of the Fund. Additionally, money borrowed will be subject to certain costs, such as commitment fees and the cost of maintaining minimum average balances, as well as interest. These costs may exceed the gain on securities purchased with borrowed funds, which will diminish the Fund’s investment performance. Increased operating costs, including the financing cost associated with any leverage, may also impact the Fund’s investment performance. The Fund may also be required to pay fees in connection with borrowings, including loan syndication fees or commitment and administrative fees in connection with a line of credit. The Fund may be required to maintain minimum average balances with a bank lender, either of which would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate. Successful use of borrowing depends on the Adviser’s ability to predict interest rates and market movements, and there is no assurance that the use of borrowing will be successful. Under adverse market conditions, the Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal payments.
Illiquid Securities Risk
Investing in illiquid securities is subject to certain risks, such as limitations on resale and uncertainty in determining valuation. In addition, liquid securities purchased by the Fund may become illiquid because of issuer-specific events or changes in market conditions. Limitations on resale may adversely affect the marketability of portfolio securities and the Fund might be unable to dispose of restricted or other illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemptions within seven days. Less liquid securities that the Fund may want to invest in may be difficult or impossible to purchase. Federal banking regulations may also cause certain dealers to reduce their inventories of certain securities, which may further decrease the Fund’s ability to buy or sell such securities.
LIBOR Transition Risk
Many financial instruments were historically tied to the London Interbank Offered Rate, or “LIBOR,” to determine payment obligations, financing terms, hedging strategies, or investment value. As of June 30, 2023, almost all settings of LIBOR have ceased to be published, except that certain widely used U.S. dollar LIBORs will continue to be published on a temporary, synthetic and non-representative basis through at least September 30, 2024. In some instances, regulators have restricted new use of LIBORs prior to the date when synthetic LIBORs will cease to be published. SOFR, which has been used increasingly on a voluntary basis in new instruments and transactions, is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities in the repurchase agreement market. On December 16, 2022, the Federal Reserve Board adopted regulations implementing the Adjustable Interest Rate Act, which provides a statutory fallback mechanism to replace LIBOR, by identifying benchmark rates based on SOFR that will replace LIBOR in certain financial contracts after June 30, 2023. These regulations apply only to contracts governed by U.S. law, among other limitations. The regulations include provisions that (i) provide a safe harbor for selection or use of a replacement benchmark rate selected by the Federal Reserve Board; (ii) clarify who may choose the replacement benchmark rate selected by the Federal Reserve Board; and (iii) ensure that contracts adopting a replacement benchmark rate selected by the Federal Reserve Board will not be interrupted or terminated following the replacement of LIBOR. Uncertainty related to the liquidity impact of the change in rates, and how to appropriately adjust these rates at the time of transition, poses risks for the Fund. The transition away from LIBOR could have a significant impact on the financial markets in general and may also present heightened risk to market participants, including public companies, investment advisers, investment companies, and broker-dealers. The risks associated with this discontinuation and transition will be exacerbated if the work necessary to effect an orderly transition to an alternative reference rate is not completed in a timely manner. For example, current information technology systems may be unable to accommodate new instruments and rates with features that differ from LIBOR. Accordingly, it is difficult to predict the full impact of the transition away from LIBOR on the Fund until new reference rates and fallbacks for both legacy and new instruments and contracts are commercially accepted and market practices become settled.
Redemptions
The Fund may need to sell its holdings in order to meet shareholder redemption requests. The Fund could experience a loss when selling securities to meet redemption requests if the redemption requests are unusually large or frequent, occur in times of overall market turmoil or declining prices for the securities sold, or when the securities the Fund wishes to or is required to sell are illiquid. The Fund may be unable to sell illiquid investments at its desired time or price. Illiquidity can be caused by a drop in overall market trading volume, an inability to find a ready buyer, or legal restrictions on the securities’ resale. Certain securities that were liquid when purchased may later become illiquid, particularly in times of overall economic distress. Liquidity issues may also make it difficult to value the Fund’s investments.
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DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
A description of the Company’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Fund’s SAI. The SAI is incorporated herein.
MORE INFORMATION ABOUT MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Investment Adviser
Optima Asset Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. The Adviser’s principal place of business is located at 10 East 53rd Street, New York, New York 10022. The Adviser is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act’”). The Adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FWM Holdings Inc., which is also the parent of other registered investment advisers that are affiliates of the Adviser. FWM Holding Inc. is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Stanhope Capital Group SA. As of October 31, 2023, approximately $30 billion of assets were under the management of the Adviser and all of its affiliates.
Subject to the overall supervision of the Board, the Adviser manages the overall investment operations of the Fund, primarily in the form of oversight of the Fund’s Sub-Adviser, pursuant to the terms of an investment advisory agreement between the Company and the Adviser (the “Advisory Agreement”). Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Fund compensates the Adviser for its services at the annual rate of 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets, payable on a monthly basis in arrears. The Adviser compensates the Sub-Adviser out of the advisory fee that it receives from the Fund.
The Adviser has contractually agreed to waive its advisory fee and/or reimburse expenses in order to limit Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses (excluding certain items discussed below) to 1.25% and 1.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares, respectively. In determining the Adviser’s obligation to waive advisory fees and/or reimburse expenses, the following expenses are not taken into account and could cause net Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses to exceed 1.25% and 1.50% as applicable: acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions, extraordinary items, interest or taxes. This contractual limitation is in effect until December 31, 2024 for Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares and may not be terminated prior to that date without the approval of the Board. If at any time the Fund’s Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses for a year are less than 1.25% or 1.50%, as applicable, the Adviser may recoup any waived amount from the Fund within three years from the date on which such waiver or reimbursement was made by the Adviser if such reimbursement does not cause the Fund to exceed existing expense limitations.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board’s approval of the Advisory Agreement and the factors the Board considered with respect to the Fund is available in the Fund’s Annual Report to shareholders for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2023.
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2023, after waivers, the Adviser received 0.62% of the Fund’s average daily net assets in investment advisory fees from the Fund. Had fee waivers not been in place, the Adviser would have received 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets in investment advisory fees from the Fund.
Investment Sub-Adviser
Anthony Capital Management, LLC, a Wisconsin limited liability company, serves as the investment sub-adviser to the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is located at 421 George Street, Suite 206, De Pere, WI 54115. The Sub-Adviser is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC.
Pursuant to the terms of a sub-advisory agreement (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”) between the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser, the Sub-Adviser is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund, may make investment decisions for the Fund as determined necessary by the Sub-Adviser, and continuously reviews, supervises and administers the investment program of the Fund, subject to the supervision of the Adviser and the Board. Under the Sub-Advisory Agreement, the Sub-Adviser receives a fee from the Adviser equal to 50% of the net advisory fee received by the Adviser from the Fund.
A discussion regarding the Board’s approval of the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the factors the Board considered with respect to the Fund is available in the Fund’s Annual Report to shareholders for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2023.
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The Sub-Adviser’s Portfolio Manager
Douglas Reich. Mr. Reich is the portfolio manager primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund. Mr. Reich is the Founding Member of the Sub- Adviser and has over twenty-five years of experience in the hedge fund and commodities industry specializing in quantitative trading systems and portfolio management. Prior to forming his own companies, Mr. Reich worked at Trout Trading Management Company, located variously in Chicago, Toronto, and Bermuda, in a group responsible for managing several hundred million dollars of assets in a portfolio of independent trading advisors. In 1998, Mr. Reich founded North Shore Capital Management, LLC, located in West Palm Beach, Florida, which served as general partner and investment advisor to various investment vehicles totaling more than $250 million in assets under management. In 2006, Mr. Reich’s firm partnered with RQSI, an institutional money management firm with over a billion dollars under advisement headquartered in Louisville, KY, where he managed futures trading portfolios and served as Director of Research. Mr. Reich graduated magna cum laude from the University of Minnesota in 1993 with a B.S. in Physics and a minor in Mathematics, and holds a Series 3 license.
The SAI provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio manager and the portfolio manager’s ownership of shares of the Fund.
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION
Pricing of Fund Shares
Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares of the Fund are sold at their NAV. The NAV of a class of the Fund is calculated as follows:
|
Value of Assets Attributable to a Class |
|
NAV = - |
Value of Liabilities Attributable to the Same Class |
|
|
Number of Outstanding Shares of the Class |
|
The Fund’s NAV is calculated once daily at the close of regular trading hours on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on each day the NYSE is open. The NYSE is generally open Monday through Friday, except national holidays. The NYSE also may be closed on national days of mourning or due to natural disaster or other extraordinary events or emergency. Due to the fact that different expenses are charged to the Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares of the Fund, the NAV of the two classes of the Fund may vary. The Fund will effect purchases of Shares at the NAV next determined after receipt by the Transfer Agent of your purchase order in good order as described below. The Fund will effect redemptions of Shares at the NAV, plus any applicable sales charge, next calculated after receipt by the Transfer Agent of your redemption request in good order as described below. If the Fund holds securities that are primarily listed on non-U.S. exchanges, the NAV of the Fund’s shares may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem the Fund’s shares.
The Fund’s equity securities listed on any national or foreign exchange market system will be valued at the last sale price, except for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation System (“NASDAQ”). Equity securities listed on the NASDAQ will be valued at the official closing price. Equity securities traded in the over-the-counter market are valued at their closing prices. If there were no transactions on that day, equity securities will be valued at the mean of the last bid and ask prices prior to the market close. Fixed income securities are valued using an independent pricing service, which considers such factors as security prices, yields, maturities and ratings, and are deemed representative of market values at the close of the market. When prices are not available from such service or are deemed to be unreliable, securities may be valued by dealers who make markets in such securities. Forward exchange contracts are valued by interpolating between spot and forward currency rates as quoted by an independent pricing service. Futures contracts are generally valued using the settlement price determined by the relevant exchange. Options for which the primary market is a national securities exchange are valued at the last sale price on the exchange on which they are traded, or, in the absence of any sale, will be valued at the mean of the last bid and ask prices prior to the market close. Options not traded on a national securities exchange are valued at the last quoted bid price for long option positions and the closing ask price for short option positions.
Investments in other open-end investment companies are valued based on the NAV of those investment companies (which may use fair value pricing as discussed in their prospectuses). Investments in ETFs, real estate investment trusts and closed-end funds will be valued at their market price.
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If market quotations are unavailable or deemed unreliable, securities will be valued by the Adviser, as the Fund’s valuation designee (the “Valuation Designee”), in accordance with procedures adopted by the Board and under the Board’s ultimate supervision. Relying on prices supplied by pricing services or dealers or using fair valuation involves the risk that the values used by the Fund to price its investments may be higher or lower than the values used by other investment companies and investors to price the same investments.
The Board has adopted a pricing and valuation policy for use by the Fund and its Valuation Designee in calculating the Fund’s NAV. Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Fund has designated the Adviser as its “Valuation Designee” to perform all of the fair value determinations as well as to perform all of the responsibilities that may be performed by the Valuation Designee in accordance with Rule 2a-5. The Valuation Designee is authorized to make all necessary determinations of the fair values of portfolio securities and other assets for which market quotations are not readily available or if it is deemed that the prices obtained from brokers and dealers or independent pricing services are unreliable.
Purchase of Fund Shares
Shares representing interests in the Fund are offered continuously for sale by Quasar Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”).
General
You may purchase Shares of the Fund at the NAV per Share next calculated after your order is received by the Transfer Agent in good order as described below. The Fund’s NAV is calculated once daily at the close of regular trading hours on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on each day the NYSE is open. After an initial purchase is made, the Transfer Agent will set up an account for you on the Company records. The minimum initial investment in Founders Class Shares is $10,000, and the minimum initial investment for Investor Class Shares is $5,000. There is a minimum amount of $5,000 and $2,500 for subsequent investment in Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares, respectively. The Fund may accept initial investments of smaller amounts in its sole discretion. You can purchase Shares of the Fund only on days the NYSE is open and through the means described in this section.
Purchases Through Intermediaries
Shares of the Fund may also be available through certain Service Organizations. Certain features of the Shares, such as the initial and subsequent investment minimums and certain trading restrictions, may be modified or waived by Service Organizations. Service Organizations may impose minimum investment requirements. Service Organizations may also impose transaction or administrative charges or other direct fees, which charges and fees would not be imposed if Shares are purchased directly from the Company. Therefore, you should contact the Service Organization acting on your behalf concerning the fees (if any) charged in connection with a purchase or redemption of Shares and should read this Prospectus in light of the terms governing your accounts with the Service Organization. Service Organizations will be responsible for promptly transmitting client or customer purchase and redemption orders to the Company in accordance with their agreements with the Company or its agent and with clients or customers. Service Organizations or, if applicable, their designees that have entered into agreements with the Company or its agent may enter confirmed purchase orders on behalf of clients and customers, with payment to follow no later than the Company’s pricing on the following business day. If payment is not received by such time, the Service Organization could be held liable for resulting fees or losses. The Company will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when a Service Organization, or, if applicable, its authorized designee, accepts a purchase or redemption order in good order if the order is actually received by the Company in good order not later than the next business morning. If a purchase order is not received by the Fund in good order, the Transfer Agent will contact the financial intermediary to determine the status of the purchase order. Orders received by the Company in good order will be priced at the Fund’s NAV, plus any applicable sales charges, next computed after such orders are deemed to have been received by the Service Organization or its authorized designee.
For administration, sub-accounting, transfer agency and/or other services, the Adviser or its affiliates may pay Service Organizations and certain recordkeeping organizations a fee (the “Service Fee”) based on the average annual NAV of accounts with the Company maintained by such Service Organizations or recordkeepers. The Service Fee payable to any one Service Organization is determined based upon a number of factors, including the nature and quality of services provided, the operations processing requirements of the relationship and the standardized fee schedule of the Service Organization or recordkeeper.
In addition to fees that the Fund may pay to a Service Organization under a Plan of Distribution for the Investor Class Shares, the Fund may enter into agreements with Service Organizations pursuant to which the Fund will pay a Service Organization for networking, sub-transfer agency, sub-administration and/or sub-accounting services. These payments are generally based on either (1) a percentage of the average daily net assets of Fund shareholders serviced by the Service Organization or (2) a fixed dollar amount for each account serviced by the Service Organization. The aggregate amount of these payments may be substantial.
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Shares may also be available on brokerage platforms of firms that have agreements with the Company to offer such shares when acting solely on an agency basis for the purchase or sale of such shares. If you transact in Founders Class Shares or Investor Class Shares through one of these programs, you may be required to pay a commission and/or other forms of compensation to the broker.
Purchases By Telephone
Investors may purchase additional Founders Class and Investor Class Shares of the Fund by calling (toll free) 1-866-239-2026. If you did not decline this option on your account application, and your account has been open for at least 7 business days, telephone orders, in amounts of $5,000 or more for Founders Class Shares and $2,500 or more for Investor Class Shares will be accepted via electronic funds transfer from your bank account through the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network. You must have banking information established on your account prior to making a purchase. If your order is received prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, your shares will be purchased at the NAV, plus any applicable sales charge, calculated on the day your order is placed.
Telephone trades must be received by or prior to market close for same day pricing. During periods of high market activity, shareholders may encounter higher than usual call waits. Please allow sufficient time to place your telephone transaction.
Initial Investment By Mail
Founders Class and Investor Class Shares of the Fund may be purchased by mail. Subject to acceptance by the Fund, an account may be opened by completing and signing an Account Application and mailing it to the Fund at the address noted below, together with a check payable to Optima Strategic Credit Fund. All checks must be in U.S. Dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund does not accept post-dated checks or any conditional order or payment. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will not accept third party checks, Treasury checks, credit card checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of Shares.
Optima
Strategic Credit Fund
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
P.O. Box
701
Milwaukee, WI 53201-0701
or
overnight to:
Optima Strategic Credit
Fund
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, WI 53202
The Transfer Agent will charge a $25 fee against a shareholder’s account, in addition to any loss sustained by the Fund, for any payment that is returned. It is the policy of the Fund not to accept applications under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to shareholders. The Fund reserves the right to reject any application.
The Fund does not consider the U.S. Postal Service or other independent delivery services to be its agents. Therefore, deposit in the mail or with such services, or receipt at the Transfer Agent’s post office box, of purchase orders or redemption requests does not constitute receipt by the transfer agent of the Fund. Receipt of purchase orders or redemption requests is based on when the order is received at the Transfer Agent’s offices.
Shares will be purchased at the NAV, plus any applicable sales charge, next computed after the time the application and funds are received in proper order and accepted by the Fund.
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Initial Investment By Wire
Founders Class and Investor Class Shares may also be purchased by wire. If you are making your first investment in the Fund, before you wire funds, the Transfer Agent must have a completed account application. You may mail or overnight deliver your account application to the Transfer Agent. Upon receipt of your completed account application, the Transfer Agent will establish an account for you. The account number assigned will be required as part of the instruction that should be provided to your bank to send the wire. Your bank must include both the name of the Fund you are purchasing, the account number, and your name so that monies can be correctly applied. Your bank should transmit funds by wire to:
Wire Instructions:
U.S. Bank National
Association
777 East Wisconsin Ave
Milwaukee WI 53202
ABA
075000022
Credit:
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC
Account #112-952-137
For Further Credit to:
Optima Strategic Credit Fund
(shareholder registration)
(shareholder account number)
Wired funds must be received prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern time to be eligible for same day pricing. The Fund and U.S. Bank, N.A. are not responsible for the consequences of delays resulting from the banking or Federal Reserve wire system, or from incomplete wiring instructions.
Subsequent Investments By Wire
Before sending your wire, please contact the Transfer Agent to advise them of your intent to wire funds. This will ensure prompt and accurate credit upon receipt of your wire.
Additional Investments
Additional investments may be made at any time by purchasing Shares at the NAV per Share, plus any applicable sales charge, of the Fund by mailing a check to the Transfer Agent at the address noted above under “Investment by Mail” or by wiring as outlined above under “Investment by Wire.” Initial and additional purchases made by check or electronic funds transfer through the ACH network cannot be redeemed until payment of the purchase has been collected. This may take up to 15 calendar days from the purchase date. There is a minimum amount of $5,000 and $2,500 for subsequent investment in Founders Class Shares and Investor Class Shares, respectively.
Automatic Investment Plan
Once your account has been opened with the initial minimum investment, you may make additional purchases at regular intervals through an automatic investment plan (the “Automatic Investment Plan”). The Automatic Investment Plan provides a convenient method to have monies deducted from your bank account, for investment into the Fund, on a monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually. In order to participate in the Automatic Investment Plan, each purchase must be in the amount of $100 or more, and your financial institution must be a member of the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network. If your bank rejects your payment, the Fund’s transfer agent will charge a $25 fee to your account. To begin participating in the Automatic Investment Plan, please complete the Automatic Investment Plan section on the account application or call the Fund’s transfer agent at 1-866-239-2026 for instructions. Any request to change or terminate your Automatic Investment Plan should be submitted to the Transfer Agent five (5) days prior to effective date.
Retirement Plans/IRA Accounts
The Fund offers prototype documents for a variety of retirement accounts for individuals and small businesses. Please call (toll free) 1-866-239-2026 for information.
There may be special distribution requirements for a retirement account, such as required distributions or mandatory Federal income tax withholding. For more information, call the number listed above. You may be charged a $15 annual account maintenance fee for each retirement account up to a maximum of $30 annually and a $25 fee for transferring assets to another custodian or for closing a retirement account.
Purchases in Kind
In certain circumstances, Shares of the Fund may be purchased “in kind” (i.e., in exchange for securities, rather than cash). The securities rendered in connection with an in-kind purchase must be liquid securities that are not restricted as to transfer and have a value that is readily ascertainable in accordance with the Company’s valuation procedures. Securities accepted by the Fund will be valued, as set forth in this Prospectus, as of the time of the next determination of NAV after such acceptance. The Shares of the Fund that are issued to the investor in exchange for the securities will be determined as of the same time. All dividend, subscription, or other rights that are reflected in the market price of accepted securities at the time of valuation become the property of the Fund and must be delivered to the Fund by the investor upon receipt from the issuer. The Fund will not accept securities in exchange for
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its Shares unless such securities are, at the time of the exchange, eligible to be held by the Fund and satisfy such other conditions as may be imposed by the Adviser or the Company. Purchases in-kind may result in the recognition of gain or loss for federal income tax purposes on the securities transferred to the Fund.
Other Purchase Information
The Company reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to suspend the offering of Shares or to reject purchase orders when, in the judgment of management, such suspension or rejection is in the best interests of the Fund. The Adviser will monitor the Fund’s total assets and may, subject to Board’s approval, decide to close the Fund at any time to new investments or to new accounts due to concerns that a significant increase in the size of the Fund may adversely affect the implementation of the Fund’s strategy. The Adviser, subject to the Board’s approval, may also choose to reopen the Fund to new investments at any time, and may subsequently close the Fund again should concerns regarding the Fund’s size recur. If the Fund closes to new investments, the Fund may be offered only to certain existing shareholders of the Fund and certain other persons who may be subject to cumulative, maximum purchase amounts, as follows:
a. |
persons who already hold Shares of the closed Fund directly or through accounts maintained by brokers by arrangement with the Adviser; |
b. |
existing and future clients of financial advisers and planners whose clients already hold Shares of the Fund; |
c. |
employees of the Adviser and their spouses, parents and children; and |
d. |
directors of the Company. |
Distributions to all shareholders of the closed Fund will continue to be reinvested unless a shareholder elects otherwise. The Adviser, subject to the Board’s discretion, reserves the right to implement other purchase limitations at the time of closing, including limitations on current shareholders.
Purchases of the Fund’s Shares will be made in full and fractional Shares of the Fund calculated to three decimal places. Certificates for Shares will not be issued.
Shares may be purchased and subsequent investments may be made by principals and employees of the Adviser and their family members, either directly or through their IRAs, and by any pension and profit-sharing plan of the Adviser, without being subject to the minimum investment limitation. The Adviser is authorized to waive the minimum initial investment requirement.
Good Order
A purchase request is considered to be in good order when the purchase request includes the name of the Fund and share class, the dollar amount of shares to be purchased, your account application or investment stub, a check payable to the Fund, and any other information requested. Purchase requests not in good order may be rejected.
Customer Identification Program.
In compliance with the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, please note that the Transfer Agent will verify certain information on your account application as part of the Company’s Anti-Money Laundering Program. As requested on the account application, you must supply your full name, date of birth, social security number and permanent street address. If you are opening the account in the name of a legal entity (e.g., partnership, limited liability company, business trust, corporation, etc.), you must also supply the identity of the beneficial owners. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Applications without the required information, or without any indication that a social security or taxpayer identification number has been applied for, may not be accepted. After acceptance, to the extent permitted by applicable law or its customer identification program, the Company reserves the right (a) to place limits on transactions in any account until the identity of the investor is verified; or (b) to refuse an investment in a Company portfolio or to involuntarily redeem an investor’s shares and close an account in the event that an investor’s identity is not verified. The Company and its agents will not be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account resulting from the investor’s delay in providing all required identifying information or from closing an account and redeeming an investor’s Shares when an investor’s identity cannot be verified.
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Redemption of Fund Shares
You may redeem Fund Shares at the next NAV calculated after a redemption request is received by the Transfer Agent in good order. The Fund’s NAV is calculated once daily at the close of regular trading hours on the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on each day the NYSE is open. You can redeem Shares of the Fund only on days the NYSE is open and through the means described in this section. You may redeem Fund Shares by mail, or, if you are authorized, by telephone. The value of Shares redeemed may be more or less than the purchase price, depending on the market value of the investment securities held by the Fund.
Redemption
By Mail:
Your
redemption request should be sent to:
Optima Strategic Credit Fund
c/o
U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
P. O. Box 701
Milwaukee, WI 53201-0701
or
overnight to:
Optima Strategic Credit
Fund
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, WI 53202
The Fund does not consider the U.S. Postal Service or other independent delivery services to be its agents. Therefore, deposit in the mail or with such services, or receipt at the Transfer Agent’s post office box, of purchase orders or redemption requests does not constitute receipt by the transfer agent of the Fund. Receipt of purchase orders or redemption requests is based on when the order is received at the Transfer Agent’s offices.
A signature guarantee, from either a Medallion program member or a non-Medallion program member (as described below), is required in the following situations:
● |
If ownership is being changed on your account; |
● |
When redemption proceeds are payable or sent to any person, address or bank account not on record; |
● |
When a redemption is received by the Transfer Agent and the account address or bank details have changed within the last 15 calendar days; |
● |
For all redemptions in excess of $100,000 from any shareholder account. |
The Fund may waive any of the above requirements in certain instances. In addition to the situations described above, the Fund and/or the Transfer Agent reserve the right to require a signature guarantee in other instances based on the circumstances relative to the particular situation.
Non-financial transactions, including establishing or modifying certain services on an account, may require a signature guarantee, signature verification from a Signature Validation Program member, or other acceptable form of authentication from a financial institution source.
Signature guarantees will generally be accepted from non-Medallion program members who are domestic banks, brokers, dealers, credit unions, national securities exchanges, registered securities associations, clearing agencies and savings associations, as well as from participants in the New York Stock Exchange Medallion Signature Program and the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program (“STAMP”). A notary public is not an acceptable signature guarantor.
Redemption By Telephone
If you did not decline telephone options on your account application (or requested by subsequent arrangements in writing), and your account has been open for at least 15 days, you may initiate a redemption in any amount up to $100,000 by calling the Transfer Agent (toll free) at 1-866-239-2026.
Investors may have a check sent to the address of record, proceeds may be wired to a shareholder’s bank account of record, or funds may be sent via electronic funds transfer through the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network, also to the bank account of record. Wires are subject to a $15 fee paid by the investor, but the investor does not incur any charge when proceeds are sent via the ACH system.
Once a telephone transaction has been placed, it cannot be canceled or modified after the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally, 4:00 p.m., Eastern time).
26
Telephone trades must be received by or prior to market close for same day pricing. During periods of high market activity, shareholders may encounter higher than usual call waits. Please allow sufficient time to place your telephone transaction.
Before executing an instruction received by telephone, the Transfer Agent will use reasonable procedures to confirm that the telephone instructions are genuine. The telephone call may be recorded and the caller may be asked to verify certain personal identification information. If the Fund or its agents follow these procedures, they cannot be held liable for any loss, expense or cost arising out of any telephone redemption request that is reasonably believed to be genuine. This includes fraudulent or unauthorized requests. If an account has more than one owner or authorized person, the Fund will accept telephone instructions from any one owner or authorized person.
IRA and Other Retirement Plan Redemptions
If you are redeeming shares held in an IRA and receiving a distribution from the IRA of the cash proceeds of the redemption of shares, you must indicate on your written redemption request whether or not to withhold federal income tax. Redemption requests failing to indicate an election to have tax withheld will be subject to 10% withholding.
Shares held in IRA accounts may be redeemed by telephone (toll free) at 1-866-239-2026. Investors will be asked whether or not to withhold taxes from any distribution.
Involuntary Redemption
The Fund reserves the right to redeem a shareholder’s account in the Fund at any time the value of the account falls below $500 as a result of a redemption or an exchange request. Shareholders will be notified in writing that the value of their account in the Fund is less than $500 and will be allowed 30 days to make additional investments before the redemption is processed. The Fund may assert the right to redeem your Shares at current NAV at any time and without prior notice if, and to the extent that, such redemption is necessary to reimburse the Fund for any loss sustained by reason of your failure to make full payment for Shares of the Fund you previously purchased or subscribed for.
Other Redemption Information
Redemption proceeds for Shares of the Fund recently purchased by check or electronic funds transfer through the ACH network may not be distributed until payment for the purchase has been collected, which may take up to fifteen calendar days from the purchase date. Shareholders can avoid this delay by utilizing the wire purchase option. Other than as described above, payment of the redemption proceeds will be made within seven days after receipt of an order for a redemption. The Company may suspend the right of redemption or postpone the date at times when the NYSE is closed or under any emergency circumstances as determined by the SEC. The Fund typically expects to meet redemption requests by paying out proceeds from cash or cash equivalent portfolio holdings, or by selling portfolio securities. In stressed market conditions, redemption methods may include redeeming in kind.
If the Board determines that it would be detrimental to the best interests of the remaining shareholders of the Fund to make payment wholly or partly in cash, redemption proceeds may be paid in whole or in part by an in-kind distribution of readily marketable securities held by the Fund instead of cash in conformity with applicable rules of the SEC and the Company’s Policy and Procedures Related to the Processing of In-Kind Redemptions. Investors generally will incur brokerage charges on the sale of portfolio securities so received in the payment of redemptions. If a shareholder receives redemption proceeds in-kind, the shareholder will bear the market risk of the securities received until their disposition and should expect to incur transaction costs upon the disposition of the securities. The Company has elected, however, to be governed by Rule 18f-1 under the 1940 Act, so that the Fund is obligated to redeem its Shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its NAV during any 90-day period for any one shareholder of the Fund.
Good Order
A redemption request is considered to be in good order when the redemption request includes the name of the Fund and share class, the number of shares or dollar amount to be redeemed, the account number, signatures by all of the shareholders whose names appear on the account registration with a signature guarantee, if applicable, and any other information requested. Redemption requests not in good order may be delayed.
Market Timing
In accordance with the policy adopted by the Board, the Company discourages and does not accommodate market timing and other excessive trading practices. Purchases should be made with a view to longer-term investment only. Excessive short-term (market timing) trading practices may disrupt portfolio management strategies, increase brokerage and administrative costs, harm Fund
27
performance and result in dilution in the value of Fund Shares held by long-term shareholders. The Company and the Adviser reserve the right to (i) reject a purchase or exchange order, (ii) delay payment of immediate cash redemption proceeds for up to seven calendar days, (iii) revoke a shareholder’s privilege to purchase Fund Shares (including exchanges), or (iv) limit the amount of any exchange involving the purchase of Fund Shares. An investor may receive notice that their purchase order or exchange has been rejected after the day the order is placed or after acceptance by a financial intermediary. It is currently expected that a shareholder would receive notice that its purchase order or exchange has been rejected within 48 hours after such purchase order or exchange has been received by the Company in good order. The Company and the Adviser will not be liable for any loss resulting from rejected purchase orders. To minimize harm to the Company and its shareholders (or the Adviser), the Company (or the Adviser) will exercise its right if, in the Company’s (or the Adviser’s) judgment, an investor has a history of excessive trading or if an investor’s trading, in the judgment of the Company (or the Adviser), has been or may be disruptive to the Fund. No waivers of the provisions of the policy established to detect and deter market timing and other excessive trading activity are permitted that would harm the Fund and its shareholders or would subordinate the interests of the Fund and its shareholders to those of the Adviser or any affiliated person or associated person of the Adviser.
Pursuant to the policy adopted by the Board, the Adviser has developed criteria that it uses to identify trading activity that may be excessive. The Adviser reviews on a regular, periodic basis available information related to the trading activity in the Fund in order to assess the likelihood that the Fund may be the target of excessive trading. As part of its excessive trading surveillance process, the Adviser, on a periodic basis, examines transactions that exceed certain monetary thresholds or numerical limits within a period of time. If, in its judgment, the Adviser detects excessive, short-term trading, it may reject or restrict a purchase request and may further seek to close an investor’s account with the Fund. The Adviser may modify its surveillance procedures and criteria from time to time without prior notice regarding the detection of excessive trading or to address specific circumstances. The Adviser will apply the criteria in a manner that, in its judgment, will be uniform.
There is no assurance that the Fund will be able to identify market timers, particularly if they are investing through intermediaries.
If necessary, the Company may prohibit additional purchases of Shares by a financial intermediary or by certain customers of the financial intermediary. Financial intermediaries may also monitor their customers’ trading activities in the Fund. The criteria used by intermediaries to monitor for excessive trading may differ from the criteria used by the Company. If a financial intermediary fails to enforce the Company’s excessive trading policies, the Company may take certain actions, including terminating the relationship.
Exchange Privilege
Beneficial holders with financial intermediary sponsored fee-based programs are eligible to exchange their Shares in a particular share class of the Fund for Shares in an identically registered account in a different share class of the Fund if the shareholder meets the eligibility requirements for that class of Shares or the shareholder is otherwise eligible to purchase that class of Shares. Such an exchange will be effected at the NAV of the Shares next calculated after the exchange request is received by the Transfer Agent in good order. Investors should contact their program provider to obtain information about their eligibility for the provider’s program and the class of shares they would receive upon such a conversion.
Shares of each class of the Fund represent equal pro rata interests in the Fund and accrue dividends and calculate NAV and performance quotations in the same manner. The performance of each class is quoted separately due to different actual expenses. Total return can be expected to differ among classes of the Fund. Shareholders who exercise a class exchange privilege will generally not recognize a taxable gain or loss for federal income tax purposes.
The Fund reserves the right, at its sole discretion, to change or discontinue the exchange privilege, or to temporarily suspend the privilege during unusual market conditions when, in the judgment of management, such change or discontinuance is in the best interests of the Fund.
Dividends and Distributions
The Fund will distribute substantially all of its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, to its shareholders. All distributions are reinvested in the form of additional full and fractional Shares of the Fund unless a shareholder elects otherwise. The Fund will declare and pay dividends from net investment income monthly. Net realized capital gains (including net short-term capital gains), if any, will be distributed by the Fund at least annually.
The Fund may pay additional distributions and dividends at other times if necessary for the Fund to avoid U.S. federal tax. The Fund’s distributions and dividends, whether received in cash or reinvested in additional Shares, are subject to U.S. federal income tax.
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All distributions will be reinvested in Fund shares unless you elect to receive cash. If you elect to receive distributions and/or capital gains paid in cash, and the U.S. Postal Service cannot deliver the check, or if a check remains outstanding for six months, the Fund reserves the right to reinvest the distribution check in your account, at the Fund’s current NAV, and to reinvest all subsequent distributions. You may change the distribution option on your account at any time. You should notify the Transfer Agent in writing or by telephone at least five (5) days prior to the next distribution.
More Information About Taxes
The following is a summary of certain U.S. tax considerations relevant under current law, which may be subject to change in the future. Except where otherwise indicated, the discussion relates to investors who are individual U.S. citizens or residents. You should consult your tax adviser for further information regarding federal, state, local and/or foreign tax consequences relevant to your specific situation.
Distributions
The Fund contemplates distributing as dividends each year all or substantially all of its taxable income, including its net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss).
Except as otherwise discussed below, you will be subject to federal income tax on Fund distributions regardless of whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. Fund distributions attributable to short-term capital gains and net investment income will generally be taxable to you as ordinary income, except as discussed below.
Distributions attributable to the net capital gain, as defined above, of the Fund will be taxable to you as long-term capital gain, no matter how long you have owned your Fund shares. The maximum federal long-term capital gain rate applicable to individuals, estates, and trusts is currently 23.8% (which includes a 3.8% Medicare tax). You will be notified annually of the tax status of distributions to you.
Distributions from the Fund will generally be taxable to you in the taxable year in which they are paid, with one exception. Distributions declared by the Fund in October, November or December and paid in January of the following year are taxed as though they were paid on December 31.
A portion of distributions paid by the Fund to shareholders that are corporations may also qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporations, subject to certain holding period requirements and debt financing limitations. The amount of the dividends qualifying for this deduction may, however, be reduced as the result of the Fund’s securities lending activities (if any), by a high portfolio turnover rate or by investments in debt securities or foreign corporations.
If you purchase shares just before a distribution, the purchase price will reflect the amount of the upcoming distribution, but you will be taxed on the entire amount of the distribution received, even though, as an economic matter, the distribution simply constitutes a return of capital. This adverse tax result is known as “buying into a dividend.”
Sales of Shares
You will generally recognize taxable gain or loss for federal income tax purposes on a sale or redemption of your shares based on the difference between your tax basis in the shares and the amount you receive for them. Generally, you will recognize long-term capital gain or loss if you have held your Fund shares for over twelve months at the time you dispose of them.
Any loss realized on shares held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends that were received on the shares. Additionally, any loss realized on a disposition of shares of the Fund may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced with other shares of the Fund within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the shares are disposed of, such as pursuant to a dividend reinvestment in shares of the Fund. If disallowed, the loss will be reflected in an upward adjustment to the basis of the shares acquired.
The Fund (or relevant broker or financial adviser) is required to compute and report to the IRS and furnish to Fund shareholders cost basis information when such shares are sold. The Fund has elected to use the average cost method, unless you instruct the Fund to use a different IRS-accepted cost basis method, or choose to specifically identify your shares at the time of each sale. If your account is held by your broker or other financial adviser, they may select a different cost basis method. In these cases, please contact your broker or other financial adviser to obtain information with respect to the available methods and elections for your account. You should carefully review the cost basis information provided by the Fund and make any additional basis, holding period or
29
other adjustments that are required when reporting these amounts on your federal and state income tax returns. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisers to determine the best IRS-accepted cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the cost basis reporting requirements apply to them.
IRAs and Other Tax-Qualified Plans
The one major exception to the preceding tax principles is that distributions on, and sales and redemptions of, shares held in an IRA (or other tax-qualified plan) will not be currently taxable unless such shares were acquired with borrowed funds.
Backup Withholding
The Fund may be required in certain cases to withhold and remit to the IRS a percentage of taxable dividends or gross proceeds realized upon sale payable to shareholders who have failed to provide a correct tax identification number in the manner required, or who are subject to withholding by the IRS for failure to properly include on their return payments of taxable interest or dividends, or who have failed to certify to the Fund that they are not subject to backup withholding when required to do so or that they are “exempt recipients.” The current backup withholding rate is 24%.
U.S. Tax Treatment of Foreign Shareholders
Generally, nonresident aliens, foreign corporations and other foreign investors are subject to a 30% withholding tax on dividends paid by a U.S. corporation, although the rate may be reduced for an investor that is a qualified resident of a foreign country with an applicable tax treaty with the United States. In the case of a RIC such as the Fund, however, certain categories of dividends are exempt from the 30% withholding tax. These generally include dividends attributable to the Fund’s net capital gains (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses), dividends attributable to the Fund’s interest income from U.S. obligors and dividends attributable to net short-term capital gains of the Fund.
Foreign shareholders will generally not be subject to U.S. tax on gains realized on the sale or redemption of shares of the Fund, except that a nonresident alien individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in a calendar year will be taxable on such gains and on capital gain dividends from the Fund.
However, if a foreign investor conducts a trade or business in the United States and the investment in the Fund is effectively connected with that trade or business, then the foreign investor’s income from the Fund will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax at graduated rates in a manner similar to the income of a U.S. citizen or resident.
The Fund will also generally be required to withhold 30% tax on certain payments to foreign entities that do not provide a Form W-8BEN-E that evidences their compliance with, or exemption from, specified information reporting requirements under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act.
All foreign investors should consult their own tax advisers regarding the tax consequences in their country of residence of an investment in the Fund. Shares of the Fund have not been registered for sale outside of the United States and certain United States territories.
State and Local Taxes
You may also be subject to state and local taxes on income and gain from Fund shares. State income taxes may not apply, however, to the portions of the Fund’s distributions, if any, that are attributable to interest on U.S. government securities. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the tax status of distributions in your state and locality.
More information about taxes is contained in the SAI.
Distribution Arrangements
The Board has adopted a Plan of Distribution for the Investor Class Shares (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Under the Plan, the Fund’s Distributor is entitled to receive from the Fund a distribution fee with respect to the Shares, which is accrued daily and paid monthly, of up to 0.25% on an annualized basis of the average daily net assets of the Investor Class Shares. The actual amount of such compensation under the Plan is agreed upon by the Board and by the Distributor. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.
30
Amounts paid to the Distributor under the Plan may be used by the Distributor to cover expenses that are related to (i) the sale of the Shares, (ii) ongoing servicing and/or maintenance of the accounts of shareholders, and (iii) sub-transfer agency services, sub-accounting services or administrative services related to the sale of the Shares, all as set forth in the Fund’s 12b-1 Plan. Ongoing servicing and/or maintenance of the accounts of shareholders may include updating and mailing prospectuses and shareholder reports, responding to inquiries regarding shareholder accounts and acting as agent or intermediary between shareholders and the Fund or its service providers. The Distributor may delegate some or all of these functions to Service Organizations. See “Purchases Through Intermediaries” above.
The Plan obligates the Fund, during the period it is in effect, to accrue and pay to the Distributor on behalf of the Shares the fee agreed to under the Distribution Agreement. Payments under the Plan are not tied exclusively to expenses actually incurred by the Distributor, and the payments may exceed distribution expenses actually incurred.
Additional Information
Householding
In an effort to decrease costs, the Fund intends to reduce the number of duplicate prospectuses and other similar documents you receive by sending only one copy of each to those addresses shared by two or more accounts and to shareholders we reasonably believe are from the same family or household. Once implemented, if you would like to discontinue householding for your accounts, please call (toll free) 1-866-239-2026 to request individual copies of these documents. Once the Fund receives notice to stop householding, we will begin sending individual copies thirty days after receiving your request. This policy does not apply to account statements.
Lost Shareholders, Inactive Accounts and Unclaimed Property
It is important that the Fund maintains a correct address for each shareholder. An incorrect address may cause a shareholder’s account statements and other mailings to be returned to the Fund. Based upon statutory requirements for returned mail, the Fund will attempt to locate the shareholder or rightful owner of the account. If the Fund is unable to locate the shareholder, then it will determine whether the shareholder’s account can legally be considered abandoned. Your mutual fund account may be transferred to the state government of your state of residence if no activity occurs within your account during the “inactivity period” specified in your state’s abandoned property laws. The Fund is legally obligated to escheat (or transfer) abandoned property to the appropriate state’s unclaimed property administrator in accordance with statutory requirements. The shareholder’s last known address of record determines which state has jurisdiction. Please proactively contact the Transfer Agent (toll free) at 1-866-239-2026 at least annually to ensure your account remains in active status.
If you are a resident of the state of Texas, you may designate a representative to receive notifications that, due to inactivity, your mutual fund account assets may be delivered to the Texas Comptroller. Please contact the Transfer Agent if you wish to complete a Texas Designation of Representative form.
NO PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS NOT CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS OR IN THE FUND’S SAI INCORPORATED HEREIN BY REFERENCE, IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFERING MADE BY THIS PROSPECTUS AND, IF GIVEN OR MADE, SUCH REPRESENTATIONS MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY THE COMPANY OR ITS DISTRIBUTOR. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFERING BY THE COMPANY OR BY THE DISTRIBUTOR IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH SUCH OFFERING MAY NOT LAWFULLY BE MADE.
31
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The table below sets forth certain financial information for the period indicated, including per Share information results for a single Share of the Fund. Total returns in the table represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the Fund’s financial statements and has been audited by Cohen & Company, Ltd., the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm. This information should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s financial statements, which, together with the report of the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, are included in the Fund’s Annual Report, which is available upon request. Investor Class Shares of the Fund had not commenced operations prior to the date of this Prospectus and financial highlights are not yet available for Investor Class Shares.
OPTIMA STRATEGIC CREDIT FUND - FOUNDERS CLASS SHARES |
For
the |
For
the Period |
||||||
PER SHARE OPERATING PERFORMANCE |
||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 9.89 | $ | 10.00 | ||||
Net investment income/(loss)(2) |
0.19 | 0.00 | ||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain/(loss) from investments |
(0.18 | ) | (0.11 | ) | ||||
Net increase/(decrease) in net assets resulting from operations |
0.01 | (0.11 | ) | |||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
$ | (0.12 | ) | $ | 0.00 | |||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 9.78 | $ | 9.89 | ||||
Total investment return/(loss)(3) |
0.12 | % | (1.10 | )%(4) | ||||
RATIO/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA |
||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000’s omitted) |
$ | 47,367 | $ | 41,102 | ||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets with waivers and/ or reimbursements |
1.61 | % | 1.48 | %(5) | ||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets without waivers and/ or reimbursements |
1.61 | % | 1.94 | %(5) | ||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets with waivers and reimbursements (excluding broker expense) |
1.18 | % | 1.25 | %(5) | ||||
Ratio of expenses to average net assets without waivers and/or reimbursements (excluding broker expense) |
1.18 | % | 1.71 | %(5) | ||||
Ratio of net investment income/(loss) to average net assets |
1.94 | % | 0.03 | %(5) | ||||
Portfolio turnover rate |
0 | % | 0 | %(4) |
(1) |
Inception date of the Founders Class Shares of the Fund was December 29, 2021. |
(2) |
Calculated based on average shares outstanding for the period. |
(3) |
Total investment return is calculated assuming a purchase of shares on the first day and a sale of shares on the last day of the period reported and includes reinvestments of dividends and distributions, if any. |
(4) |
Not annualized. |
(5) |
Annualized. |
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PRIVACY NOTICE
FACTS |
WHAT DOES OPTIMA ASSET MANAGEMENT LLC (“OPTIMA”) DO WITH YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION? |
WHY? |
Financial companies choose how they share your personal information. Federal law gives consumers the right to limit some but not all sharing. Federal law also requires us to tell you how we collect, share, and protect your personal information. Optima is committed to maintaining the privacy of individuals whose personal information is held at Optima including current and former individual clients (whether invested in an Optima sponsored investment vehicle (“Optima Fund”) or otherwise), and other intermediaries with whom we conduct business.
Optima, an independent administrator of an Optima Fund and any other permitted recipient of personal information acting on behalf of Optima, may use personal information relating to you for the following purposes:
● confirm your identity and/or the source of funds in order to comply with applicable “know your client”, anti-money laundering, anti-terrorist financing and similar laws, regulations and policies and to determine whether you are a “politically exposed person”; ● comply with agreements, legislation, treaties, instructions or guidance on the collection and/or sharing or exchange of tax-related information; ● confirm whether you are a “bad actor” under Rule 506 of Regulation D of the United States Securities Act of 1933; ● verify your eligibility to become an investor in an Optima Fund; ● confirm your identity in order to confirm your authority to sign legal documents in relation to an Optima Fund (including but not limited to any subscription agreement, partnership agreement and side letter); ● managing, operating and administering an Optima Fund in accordance with its governing documents and applicable laws, regulations and policies; ● making legal, regulatory, tax or other filings in relation to an Optima Fund, its investments, its investors, Optima itself and/or any of their associates; ● to facilitate, support and/or enhance Optima’s and an independent administrator’s operations and functions in connection with an Optima Fund; and ● for any other purpose that Optima reasonably determines is necessary or desirable in connection with the business of an Optima Fund.
Please read this notice carefully to understand what we do. |
WHAT? |
The types of personal information we collect and share depend on the product or service you have with us. Personal information may be sent by you to Optima or to an independent administrator of an Optima Fund with respect to your subscription for, or holding of, an interest in an Optima Fund, or opening of a separately managed advisory account.
This information can include:
● Social security or taxpayer identification number ● Income ● Assets ● Bank account details ● Criminal history and other security related matters ● Transaction history1 |
HOW? |
For the reasons outlined above, Optima needs to share customers’ personal information to run its everyday business. In the section below, we list the reasons financial companies can share their customers’ personal information, the reasons Optima chooses to share, and whether you can limit this sharing. |
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Reasons we can share your personal information |
Does
|
Can you limit this sharing? |
For
our everyday business purpose — |
Yes |
No |
For
our marketing purposes — |
No |
We don’t share |
For
our affiliates’ everyday business — |
No |
We don’t share |
For nonaffiliates to market to you |
No |
We don’t share |
To limit our sharing |
Contact Optima’s Chief Compliance Officer by telephone at 212-484-3000, by email at [email protected] or by mail at 10 East 53rd Street, New York NY 10022, U.S.A.
Please note:
If you are a new customer, we can begin sharing your information immediately upon receipt of your personal information. When you are no longer our customer, we continue to share your information as described in this notice. However, you can contact us at any time to limit our sharing. |
Questions? |
Contact Optima’s Chief Compliance Officer by telephone at 212-484-3000, by email at [email protected] or by mail at 10 East 53rd Street, New York NY 10022, U.S.A. |
What we can do | |
How does Optima protect my personal information? |
To protect your personal information from unauthorized access and use, we use security measures that comply with federal law. These measures include, among other things, computer safeguards including encryption, and secured files and buildings |
How does Optima collect my personal information? |
We collect your personal information, for example, when you:
● Enter into an advisory agreement or execute a subscription agreement ● Seek financial advice ● Make additions to, or withdrawals from, your account ● Give us information about your investment portfolio ● Tell us personal information about you, your family, and your employment history |
Why can’t I limit all sharing? |
Federal law gives you the right to limit only:
● sharing for affiliates’ everyday business purposes ● affiliates from using your information to market to you ● sharing for nonaffiliates to market to you
State laws and individual companies may give you additional rights to limit sharing |
Definitions | |
Affiliates |
Companies related by common ownership or control. They can be financial and non-financial companies. Optima’s affiliates include Forbes Family Trust and its subsidiaries and Stanhope Capital Group SA and its subsidiaries. |
Nonaffiliates |
Companies not related by common ownership and control. They can be financial and non-financial companies. |
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INVESTMENT ADVISER
Optima
Asset Management LLC
10 East 53rd Street New York,
New York 10022
SUB-ADVISER
Anthony
Capital Management, LLC
421 George Street. Suite 206 De
Pere, Wisconsin 54115
ADMINISTRATOR AND TRANSFER AGENT
U.S.
Bank Global Fund Services
P.O. Box 701 Milwaukee,
Wisconsin 53201-0701
CUSTODIAN
U.S.
Bank, N.A.
1555
North Rivercenter Drive, Suite 302
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Cohen
& Company, Ltd.
1350 Euclid Avenue, Suite
800
Cleveland, Ohio 44115
UNDERWRITER
Quasar
Distributors, LLC
111 East Kilbourn Avenue, Suite
2200
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202
COUNSEL
Faegre
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
One Logan Square, Suite 2000
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-6996
FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND
This Prospectus contains important information you should know before you invest. Read it carefully and keep it for future reference. More information about the Fund is available free of charge, upon request, including:
Annual/Semi-Annual Reports
These reports contain additional information about the Fund’s investments, describe the Fund’s performance, list portfolio holdings and discuss recent market conditions and economic trends. The Fund’s Annual Report includes a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. The Fund’s Annual and Semi-Annual Reports to shareholders are available by calling (toll free) 1-866-239-2026.
Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”)
The Fund’s SAI, dated December 31, 2023 has been filed with the SEC. The SAI, which includes additional information about the Fund, and the Fund’s Annual and Semi-Annual Reports, may be obtained free of charge by calling (toll free) 1-866-239-2026. The SAI, as supplemented from time to time, is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and is legally considered a part of this Prospectus. The SAI is available by calling (toll free) 1-866-239-2026. The Fund does not maintain a website.
Shareholder Inquiries
Representatives are available to discuss account balance information, mutual fund prospectuses, literature, programs and services available. Hours: 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. (Eastern time) Monday-Friday. Call (toll free) 1-866-239-2026.
Purchases and Redemptions
Call your registered representative or (toll free) 1-866-239-2026.
Written Correspondence
P.O.
Box Address:
Optima Strategic Credit Fund
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund
Services
P.O. Box 701
Milwaukee, WI 53201-0701
Street
Address:
Optima Strategic Credit Fund
c/o U.S. Bank Global Fund Services
615 East Michigan Street
Milwaukee, WI 53202
Securities and Exchange Commission
You may view and copy information about the Company and the Fund, including the SAI, by visiting the SEC’s Internet site at www.sec.gov. You may also obtain copies of Fund documents by paying a duplicating fee and sending an electronic request to the following e-mail address: [email protected].
Investment Company Act File No. 811-05518
OPT-SC-23