The Fund may invest up to 20% of the Fund’s total assets in the equity securities (typically common stock) of foreign companies (companies that are incorporated in any country outside the United States and whose securities principally trade outside the United States). Securities issued by companies incorporated outside the United States whose securities are principally traded in the United States are not defined as foreign companies and are not subject to this limitation. 

We focus on companies that we consider to be high quality. We use a process of “bottom-up” fundamental analysis to look for individual companies that we believe are stable and have the potential to grow steadily for long periods of time. Our analysis may include studying a company’s financial statements, building proprietary financial models, visiting company facilities, and meeting with executive management, suppliers and customers. 

The Fund seeks to purchase stocks at prices we believe are reasonable relative to our projection of a company’s long-term earnings growth rate. The Fund’s secondary objective of income is achieved when fast growing portfolio companies pay dividends, generated by cash flow, typically after achieving growth targets. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. The consumer discretionary sector includes companies in industries such as consumer services, household durables, leisure products, textiles, apparel and luxury goods, hotels, restaurants, retailing, e-commerce, and automobiles. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector may be significantly impacted by the performance of the overall domestic and global economy and by interest rates. The consumer discretionary sector relies heavily on disposable household income and spending. Companies in this sector may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their respective profitability. The retail industry can be significantly affected by changes in demographics, and consumer tastes and shopping habits, which can also affect the demand for, and success of, consumer products and services in the marketplace. The automotive industry is highly cyclical and can be significantly affected by labor relations and fluctuating component prices. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income. Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings. 

Year by Year Total Returns

The Fund is classified as a non-diversified mutual fund, which means that the Fund may invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a small number of issuers than a diversified fund. 

We may also invest in initial public offerings (IPOs). 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is 

impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against 

parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

Because the Fund may invest a large percentage of its assets in India, the value of the Fund’s shares may be affected by events that adversely affect India and may fluctuate more than the value of a less concentrated fund’s shares. 

Smaller Company Stock Risk. Small- and mid-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns. In particular, the issuers of small company stocks have more narrow markets for their products and services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Staples Sector Risk. The consumer staples sector includes companies in the food and staples retailing, food, beverage and tobacco, and household and personal products industry groups. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be affected by demographics and product trends, competitive pricing, food fads, marketing campaigns, environmental factors, changes in consumer demands, the performance of the overall domestic and global economy, interest rates, consumer confidence and spending, and changes in commodity prices. Consumer staples companies may be subject to government regulations that may affect the permissibility of using various food additives and production methods. Tobacco companies may be adversely affected by regulation, legislation and/or litigation. 

Health Care Sector Risk. The health care sector includes companies in the health care equipment and services, and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry groups. Health care companies are strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. Their products may rapidly become obsolete. Many health care companies are also subject to significant government regulation and may be affected by changes in government policies. Companies in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry group in particular are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of patents may adversely affect the profitability of such companies. These companies are also subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and other similar claims. Many new products are subject to government approval and the process of obtaining government approval can be long and costly, and even approved products are susceptible to obsolescence. These companies are also subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to increase prices, or that may lead to price reductions. 

Industrials Sector Risk. The industrials sector includes companies in the capital goods, commercial and professional services and transportation industry groups, including companies engaged in the business of human capital management, business research and consulting, air freight and logistics, airlines, maritime shipping and transportation, railroads and trucking, transportation infrastructure, and aerospace and defense. Companies in the industrials sector can be significantly affected by general economic trends, including such factors as employment and economic growth, interest rate changes, changes in consumer spending, legislative and government regulation and spending, import controls, commodity prices, and worldwide competition. Changes in the economy, fuel prices, labor agreements, and insurance costs may result in occasional sharp price movements in transportation securities. Aerospace and defense companies rely, to a significant extent, on government demand for their products and services. The financial condition of, and investor interest in, aerospace and defense companies are heavily influenced by government defense spending policies. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) Risk. IPOs involve a higher degree of risk because companies involved in IPOs generally have limited operating histories and their prospects for future profitability are uncertain. Prices of IPOs may also be unstable due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited investor information. 

Year by Year Total Returns

Under normal market conditions, the Fund will generally invest in 30 to 50 companies. However, we may invest in fewer or more companies when we believe that doing so will help our efforts to achieve the Fund’s investment objective. 

We travel extensively outside the U.S. to visit companies and expect to meet with senior management. We use a process of quantitative screening followed by “bottom-up” fundamental analysis with the goal of owning the highest quality growth companies tied economically to emerging market countries. Our analysis may include studying a company’s financial statements, visiting company facilities, and meeting with executive management, suppliers and customers. 

We do not use allocation models to restrict the Fund’s investments to certain regions, countries or industries. 

The Fund is classified as a non-diversified mutual fund, which means that the Fund may invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a small number of issuers than a diversified fund. 

The Fund may invest in initial public offerings (IPOs) and early stage companies. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing 

against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

Chinese Market and Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by political, military, economic and other factors related to North Korea. In addition, China’s long-running conflict over Taiwan’s sovereignty, border disputes with many neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Taiwan Market Risk. The economy of Taiwan is heavily dependent on exports. Currency fluctuations, increasing competition from Asia’s other emerging economies, and conditions that weaken demand for Taiwan’s export products worldwide could have a negative impact on the Taiwanese economy as a whole, and may impact the Fund’s performance to the extent the Fund invests in such securities. Additionally, a disruption in Taiwan’s exports could also result in broader negative economic impacts with respect to those industries and countries that rely upon them. Concerns over Taiwan’s history of political contention and its current relationship with China may also have a significant impact on Taiwan. 

Small Cap Company Stock Risk. Small-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within 

a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Health Care Sector Risk. The health care sector includes companies in the health care equipment and services, and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry groups. Health care companies are strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. Their products may rapidly become obsolete. Many health care companies are also subject to significant government regulation and may be affected by changes in government policies. Companies in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry group in particular are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of patents may adversely affect the profitability of such companies. These companies are also subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and other similar claims. Many new products are subject to government approval and the process of obtaining government approval can be long and costly, and even approved products are susceptible to obsolescence. These companies are also subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to increase prices, or that may lead to price reductions. 

Industrials Sector Risk. The industrials sector includes companies in the capital goods, commercial and professional services and transportation industry groups, including companies engaged in the business of human capital management, business research and consulting, air freight and logistics, airlines, maritime shipping and transportation, railroads and trucking, transportation infrastructure, and aerospace and defense. Companies in the industrials sector can be significantly affected by general economic trends, including such factors as employment and economic growth, interest rate changes, changes in consumer spending, legislative and government regulation and spending, import controls, commodity prices, and worldwide competition. Changes in the economy, fuel prices, labor agreements, and insurance costs may result in occasional sharp price movements in transportation securities. Aerospace and defense companies rely, to a significant extent, on government demand for their products and services. The financial condition of, and investor interest in, aerospace and defense companies are heavily influenced by government defense spending policies. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) Risk. IPOs involve a higher degree of risk because companies involved in IPOs generally have limited operating histories and their prospects for future profitability are uncertain. Prices of IPOs may also be unstable due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited investor information. 

Early Stage Companies Risk. Early stage companies may never obtain necessary financing, may rely on untested business plans, may not be successful in developing markets for their products or services, and may remain an insignificant part of their industry, and as such may never be profitable. Stocks of early stage companies may be illiquid, privately traded, and more volatile and speculative than the securities of larger companies. 

Year by Year Total Returns 

Emerging market countries are those currently included in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index. We will consider qualifying investments to be in companies that are listed on an exchange in an emerging market country, that have at least 50% of their assets in an emerging market country, or that derive at least 50% of their revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in an emerging market country. 

We travel extensively outside of the U.S. to visit companies and expect to meet with senior management. We use a process of quantitative screening followed by “bottom-up” fundamental analysis to identify individual companies that we believe have above average revenue and earnings growth potential. 

We do not use allocation models to restrict the Fund’s investments to certain regions, countries or industries. 

The Fund is classified as a non-diversified mutual fund, which means that the Fund may invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a small number of issuers than a diversified fund. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

Because the Fund may invest a large percentage of its assets in India, the value of the Fund’s shares may be affected by events that adversely affect India and may fluctuate more than the value of a less concentrated fund’s shares. 

Taiwan Market Risk. The economy of Taiwan is heavily dependent on exports. Currency fluctuations, increasing competition from Asia’s other emerging economies, and conditions that weaken demand for Taiwan’s export products worldwide could have a negative impact on the Taiwanese economy as a whole, and may impact the Fund’s performance to the extent the Fund invests in such securities. Additionally, a disruption in Taiwan’s exports could also result in broader negative economic impacts with respect to those industries and countries that rely upon them. Concerns over Taiwan’s history of political contention and its current relationship with China may also have a significant impact on Taiwan. 

Chinese Market and Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by political, military, economic and other factors related to North Korea. In addition, China’s long-running conflict over Taiwan’s sovereignty, border disputes with many neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Small Cap Company Stock Risk. Small-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. As noted above, the Fund under normal market conditions invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus borrowings for investment purposes) in small-capitalization companies as defined above measured at the time of purchase that are tied economically to emerging market countries.  In pursuing its investment strategy, the Fund may hold such securities for long periods of time during which market appreciation may cause the market capitalization of such companies to increase beyond the $3 billion or the market capitalization of the largest company in the MSCI Emerging Markets Small Cap Index (“Appreciated Companies”).  In accordance with regulatory requirements, the Fund is not required to sell portfolio holdings that market appreciation has caused to increase in value beyond the definition of a small-capitalization company and as a result, the Fund may at times have significant investments in Appreciated Companies.  During periods when the Fund does not meet the 80% threshold due to the market appreciation of its holdings, the Fund’s future acquisitions will only be in companies meeting its small-capitalization definition at the time of purchase.  In addition, to the extent the weighted average market capitalization of the Fund is higher than that of its benchmark or peers, the Fund’s performance compared to the benchmark or to peers with similar strategies may differ. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. The consumer discretionary sector includes companies in industries such as consumer services, household durables, leisure products, textiles, apparel and luxury goods, hotels, restaurants, retailing, e-commerce, and automobiles. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector may be significantly impacted by the performance of the overall domestic and global economy and by interest rates. The consumer discretionary sector relies heavily on disposable household income and spending. Companies in this sector may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their respective profitability. The retail industry can be significantly affected by changes in demographics, and consumer tastes and shopping habits, which can also affect the demand for, and success of, consumer products and services in the marketplace. The automotive industry is highly cyclical and can be significantly affected by labor relations and fluctuating component prices. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

based market index and an additional index composed of securities similar to those held by the Fund. After-tax returns are shown for the Investor Class only. After-tax returns for the Institutional Class will vary. Performance information is updated regularly and is available on the Fund’s website wasatchglobal.com. 

Year by Year Total Returns 

The Fund is classified as a non-diversified mutual fund, which means that the Fund may invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a small number of issuers than a diversified fund. 

We may also invest in initial public offerings (IPOs). 

Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that a particular security, or shares of the Fund in general, may fall in value. Securities are subject to market fluctuations caused by such factors as economic, political, regulatory or market developments, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in securities prices. Shares of the Fund could decline in value or underperform other investments due to, among other things, market movements over the short-term or over longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, spread of infectious diseases or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund and its investments. Such events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors and industries more significantly than others. Such events could adversely affect the prices and liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio securities or other instruments and could result in disruptions in the trading markets. Any of such circumstances could have a materially negative impact on the value of the Fund’s shares and result in increased market volatility. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions 

deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Frontier Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in developed and emerging markets, frontier market securities involve unique risks, such as exposure to economies less diverse and mature than those of the U.S. or more established foreign markets. Given the generally smaller size and less developed capital markets than those of emerging markets or other more developed foreign markets, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified for frontier markets. Economic or political instability may cause larger price changes in frontier market securities than in securities of issuers based in more developed foreign countries, including securities of issuers in larger emerging markets. Frontier markets generally receive less investor attention than developed markets or larger emerging markets. These risks can result in the potential for extreme stock price volatility and illiquidity. 

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries, and in particular small emerging market countries, include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Small Cap Company Stock Risk. Small-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. The consumer discretionary sector includes companies in industries such as consumer services, household durables, leisure products, textiles, apparel and luxury goods, hotels, restaurants, retailing, e-commerce, and automobiles. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector may be significantly impacted by the performance of the overall domestic and global economy and by interest rates. The consumer discretionary sector relies heavily on disposable household income and spending. Companies in this sector may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their respective profitability. The retail industry can be significantly affected by changes in demographics, and consumer tastes and shopping habits, which can also affect the demand for, and success of, consumer products and services in the marketplace. The automotive industry is highly cyclical and can be significantly affected by labor relations and fluctuating component prices. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) Risk. IPOs involve a higher degree of risk because companies involved in IPOs generally have limited operating histories and their prospects for future profitability are uncertain. Prices of IPOs may also be unstable due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited investor information. 

Government and Regulatory Risk. The risk that governments or regulatory authorities may take actions that could adversely affect markets in which the Fund invests and in the economy, more generally. Government and regulatory authorities may also act to increase the scope or burden of regulations applicable to the Fund and to the companies in which the Fund invests. Such legislation or regulation could restrict the ability of the Fund to fully implement its investment strategies, either generally or with respect to certain securities, industries or countries and could limit or preclude the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. 

Year by Year Total Returns

The Fund will typically invest in securities issued by companies domiciled in at least three countries, including the United States. The Fund may invest a significant portion of its total assets in companies domiciled in foreign countries (under normal market conditions, we expect at least 40% of its assets to be invested outside the United States, or if conditions are not favorable, 30% of its assets to be invested outside the United States). Securities issued by foreign companies incorporated outside the United States whose securities are principally traded in the United States are not defined as “foreign companies” and are not subject to this limitation. 

The Fund may invest a significant amount of its total assets (5% to 50% under normal market conditions) at the time of purchase in securities issued by companies domiciled in emerging and frontier markets, which are those countries currently included in the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) EFM (Emerging + Frontier Markets) Index. These companies typically are located in the Asia-Pacific region, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central and South America, and Africa. 

We use a process of quantitative screening followed by “bottom-up” fundamental analysis to identify individual companies that we believe have outstanding long-term growth potential. We travel extensively to visit companies and expect to meet with senior management. 

We may also invest in growth companies that we believe have had a temporary setback and therefore have appealing valuation relative to their long-term growth potential. 

At times, we may invest in early stage companies with limited or no earnings history if we believe they have outstanding long-term growth potential. We may also invest in initial public offerings (IPOs). 

We do not use allocation models to restrict the Fund’s investments to certain regions, countries, sectors or industries. We may significantly shift Fund assets between asset classes, sectors, and geographic regions based on where we believe the best growth opportunities and valuations currently exist. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred 

stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Country/Region Risk. Social, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy in a country or region could significantly affect the market in that country or region. In addition, global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact the issuers of securities in a different country or region. From time to time, a small number of companies and industries may represent a large portion of the market in a particular country or region, and these companies and industries can be sensitive to adverse social, political, economic, or regulatory developments. 

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Frontier Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in developed and emerging markets, frontier market securities involve unique risks, such as exposure to economies less diverse and mature than those of the U.S. or more established foreign markets. Given the generally smaller size and less developed capital markets than those of emerging markets or other more developed foreign markets, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified for frontier markets. Economic or political instability may cause larger price changes in frontier market securities than in securities of issuers based in more developed foreign countries, including securities of issuers in larger emerging markets. Frontier markets generally receive less investor attention than developed markets or larger emerging markets. These risks can result in the potential for extreme stock price volatility and illiquidity. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. 

Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

Because the Fund may invest a large percentage of its assets in India, the value of the Fund’s shares may be affected by events that adversely affect India and may fluctuate more than the value of a less concentrated fund’s shares. 

Japan Risk. The Japanese economy has only recently emerged from a prolonged economic downturn. The Japanese economy may be subject to considerable economic, political and social instability, which could have a negative impact on Japanese securities. Since the year 2000, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained relatively low compared to other advanced economies, and it may remain low in the future. The economy is characterized by an aging and declining population, large government debt and a highly regulated labor market. Economic growth is dependent on domestic consumption, deregulation and consistent government policy. International trade, particularly with the U.S., also impacts growth. Adverse conditions affecting the economies of the U.S. and Japan’s other trading partners may also affect Japan. Japan also has a growing economic relationship with China and other Southeast Asian countries, and thus Japan’s economy may also be affected by economic, political or social instability in those countries (whether resulting from local or global events as well as from any deterioration in its relationship with neighboring countries). In addition, Japan is subject to the risk of natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons and tsunamis, which could negatively affect the Fund. 

new trade deals may boost economic growth, such growth may not be able to offset the increased costs of trade with the EU resulting from the United Kingdom’s loss of its membership in the EU single market. There is significant market uncertainty regarding Brexit’s ramifications. The range and potential implications of possible political, regulatory, economic and market outcomes for the UK, EU and elsewhere cannot be fully known. As the process unfolds, Brexit may cause greater market volatility and illiquidity, currency fluctuations, interest rate volatility, deterioration in economic activity, economic uncertainties, a decrease in business confidence, a decrease in trade, labor disruptions, political instability, increased likelihood of recession in the United Kingdom and regulatory uncertainty. Brexit could adversely affect European or worldwide political, regulatory, economic or market conditions and could contribute to instability in global political institutions, regulatory agencies and financial markets. The uncertainty of Brexit could have a significant impact on the business and financial results of companies in the U.K. and European countries and certain sectors within such countries. The United States and European countries are substantial trading partners of the U.K. The precise impact on the economy of the U.K. as a result of its departure from the EU depends to a large degree on its ability to conclude favorable trade deals with the EU and other countries, including the United States, China, India and Japan. Brexit has also led to legal uncertainties and could lead to politically divergent national laws and regulations as a new relationship between the U.K. and EU is defined and the U.K. determines which EU laws to replace or replicate. Any of these effects of Brexit could adversely affect the European and U.K. companies in which the Fund may invest. 

Micro Cap and Small Company Stock Risk. Micro cap and small company stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers have more narrow markets for their products and services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of micro cap and small companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Early Stage Companies Risk. Early stage companies may never obtain necessary financing, may rely on untested business plans, may not be successful in developing markets for their products or services, and may remain an insignificant part of their industry, and as such may never be profitable. Stocks of early stage companies may be illiquid, privately traded, and more volatile and speculative than the securities of larger companies. 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) Risk. IPOs involve a higher degree of risk because companies involved in IPOs generally have limited operating histories and their prospects for future profitability are uncertain. Prices of IPOs may also be unstable due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited investor information. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Value Investing Risk. A value investing strategy attempts to identify strong companies with stocks selling at a discount from their perceived true worth. Value stocks include securities of companies that may have experienced, for example, adverse business, industry or other developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused the securities to be out of favor and potentially undervalued. Value investing is subject to the risk that the stocks’ intrinsic values may never be fully recognized or realized by the market, their prices may go down, or that stocks judged to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. The consumer discretionary sector includes companies in industries such as consumer services, household durables, leisure products, textiles, apparel and luxury goods, hotels, restaurants, retailing, e-commerce, and automobiles. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector may be significantly impacted by the performance of the overall domestic and global economy and by interest rates. The consumer discretionary sector relies heavily on disposable household income and spending. Companies in this sector may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their respective profitability. The retail industry can be significantly affected by changes in demographics, and consumer tastes and shopping habits, which can also affect the demand for, and success of, consumer products and services in the marketplace. The automotive industry is highly cyclical and can be significantly affected by labor relations and fluctuating component prices. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Health Care Sector Risk. The health care sector includes companies in the health care equipment and services, and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry groups. Health care companies are strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. Their products may rapidly become obsolete. Many health care companies are also subject to significant government regulation and may be affected by changes in government policies. Companies in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry group in particular are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of patents may adversely affect the profitability of such companies. These companies are also subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and other similar claims. Many new products are subject to government approval and the process of obtaining government approval can be long and costly, and even approved products are susceptible to obsolescence. These companies are also subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to increase prices, or that may lead to price reductions. 

Industrials Sector Risk. The industrials sector includes companies in the capital goods, commercial and professional services and transportation industry groups, including companies engaged in the business of human capital management, business research and consulting, air freight and logistics, airlines, maritime shipping and transportation, railroads and trucking, transportation infrastructure, and aerospace and defense. Companies in the industrials sector can be significantly affected by general economic trends, including such factors as employment and economic growth, interest rate changes, changes in consumer spending, legislative and government regulation and spending, import controls, commodity prices, and worldwide competition. Changes in the economy, fuel prices, labor agreements, and insurance costs may result in occasional sharp price movements in transportation securities. Aerospace and defense companies rely, to a significant extent, on government demand for their products and services. The financial condition of, and investor interest in, aerospace and defense companies are heavily influenced by government defense spending policies. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

Year by Year Total Returns

The Fund may invest a large percentage of its assets (greater than 5%) in a particular region or market, including India, Asia (particularly Japan), Europe, and the United Kingdom. 

At times, we may invest in early stage companies, which are companies that may be unproven and that may have limited or no earnings history, if we believe they have outstanding long-term growth potential. 

The Fund typically seeks to sell a security when the issuing company becomes overvalued relative to our analysis of its intrinsic long-term value. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Liquidity Risk. In addition, the trading market for a particular security or type of security in which the Fund invests may be significantly less liquid than developed or even emerging markets, and there may be little or no trading volume for a period of time for a particular security. Reduced liquidity will have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to sell such securities quickly at a desired price when necessary to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event. It may be difficult at times to sell such securities at any price, which could impact not only the daily net asset value (NAV) of the Fund, but also the composition of the portfolio if other securities must be sold to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs. Additionally, market quotations for such securities may be volatile and thus affect the daily NAV of the Fund. 

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Frontier Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in developed and emerging markets, frontier market securities involve unique risks, such as exposure to economies less diverse and mature than those of the U.S. or more established foreign markets. Given the generally smaller size and less developed capital markets than those of emerging markets or other more developed foreign markets, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified for frontier markets. Economic or political instability may cause larger price changes in frontier market securities than in securities of issuers based in more developed foreign countries, including securities of issuers in larger emerging markets. Frontier markets generally receive less investor attention than developed markets or larger emerging markets. These risks can result in the potential for extreme stock price volatility and illiquidity. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Japan Risk. The Japanese economy has only recently emerged from a prolonged economic downturn. The Japanese economy may be subject to considerable economic, political and social instability, which could have a negative impact on Japanese securities. Since the year 2000, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained relatively low compared to other advanced economies, and it may remain low in the future. The economy is characterized by an aging and declining population, large government debt and a highly regulated labor market. Economic growth is dependent on domestic consumption, deregulation and consistent government policy. International trade, particularly with the U.S., also impacts growth. Adverse 

conditions affecting the economies of the U.S. and Japan’s other trading partners may also affect Japan. Japan also has a growing economic relationship with China and other Southeast Asian countries, and thus Japan’s economy may also be affected by economic, political or social instability in those countries (whether resulting from local or global events as well as from any deterioration in its relationship with neighboring countries). In addition, Japan is subject to the risk of natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons and tsunamis, which could negatively affect the Fund. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

United States, China, India and Japan. Brexit has also led to legal uncertainties and could lead to politically divergent national laws and regulations as a new relationship between the U.K. and EU is defined and the U.K. determines which EU laws to replace or replicate. Any of these effects of Brexit could adversely affect the European and U.K. companies in which the Fund may invest. 

Small Cap Company Stock Risk. Small-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. The consumer discretionary sector includes companies in industries such as consumer services, household durables, leisure products, textiles, apparel and luxury goods, hotels, restaurants, retailing, e-commerce, and automobiles. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector may be significantly impacted by the performance of the overall domestic and global economy and by interest rates. The consumer discretionary sector relies heavily on disposable household income and spending. Companies in this sector may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their respective profitability. The retail industry can be significantly affected by changes in demographics, and consumer tastes and shopping habits, which can also affect the demand for, and success of, consumer products and services in the marketplace. The automotive industry is highly cyclical and can be significantly affected by labor relations and fluctuating component prices. 

Health Care Sector Risk. The health care sector includes companies in the health care equipment and services, and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry groups. Health care companies are strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. Their products may rapidly become obsolete. Many health care companies are also subject to significant government regulation and may be affected by changes in government policies. Companies in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry group in particular are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of patents may adversely affect the profitability of such companies. These companies are also subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and other similar claims. Many new products are subject to government approval and the process of obtaining government approval can be long and costly, and even approved products are susceptible to obsolescence. These companies are also subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to increase prices, or that may lead to price reductions. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

Early Stage Companies Risk. Early stage companies may never obtain necessary financing, may rely on untested business plans, may not be successful in developing markets for their products or services, and may remain an insignificant part of their industry, and as such may never be profitable. Stocks of early stage companies may be illiquid, privately traded, and more volatile and speculative than the securities of larger companies. 

Year by Year Total Returns 

The Fund typically seeks to sell a security when the issuing company becomes overvalued relative to our analysis of its intrinsic long-term value. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Frontier Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in developed and emerging markets, frontier market securities involve unique risks, such as exposure to economies less diverse and mature than those of the U.S. or more established foreign markets. Given the generally smaller size and less developed capital markets than those of emerging markets or other more developed foreign markets, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified for frontier markets. Economic or political instability may cause larger price changes in frontier market securities than in securities of issuers based in more developed foreign countries, including securities of issuers in larger emerging markets. Frontier markets generally receive less investor attention than developed markets or larger emerging markets. These risks can result in the potential for extreme stock price volatility and illiquidity. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Value Investing Risk. A value investing strategy attempts to identify strong companies with stocks selling at a discount from their perceived true worth. Value stocks include securities of companies that may have experienced, for example, adverse business, industry or other developments or may be subject to special risks that have caused the securities to be out of favor and potentially undervalued. Value investing is subject to the risk that the stocks’ intrinsic values may never be fully recognized or realized by the market, their prices may go down, or that stocks judged to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within 

a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Energy Sector Risk. The energy sector includes companies in the energy equipment and services, and oil, gas and consumable fuels industry groups. The value of companies in these industry groups is particularly vulnerable to developments in the energy sector, which may include swift fluctuations in the price and supply of energy fuels caused by events relating to international politics, energy conservation initiatives, the success of exploration projects, the supply of, and demand for, specific energy- 

related products or services, and tax and other governmental regulatory policies. Oil and gas companies develop and produce crude oil and natural gas and provide related resources such as production- and distribution-related services. Stock prices for oil and gas companies in particular are affected by supply and demand both for companies’ specific products or services and for energy products in general. The performance of these companies will likewise be affected by the price of oil and gas, exploration and production spending, government regulation, world events and economic conditions. Weak demand for energy companies’ products or services or for energy products and services in general, as well as negative developments in these other areas, would adversely impact the energy stocks in which the Fund invests and the Fund’s performance. Oil and gas exploration and production companies can be significantly affected by natural and man-made disasters as well as changes in currency exchange rates, interest rates, government regulation, world events and economic conditions, and the companies may be at risk for environmental damage claims. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Year by Year Total Returns 

Some countries in the Greater China Region are considered to be emerging markets, including China. 

Under normal circumstances, the Advisor travels extensively outside of the U.S. to visit the companies and expects to meet with senior management. The Advisor uses a process of quantitative screening followed by “bottom-up” fundamental analysis to identify individual companies that the Advisor believes have above average revenue and earnings growth potential. 

The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a country in the Greater China Region in connection with executing foreign security transactions. 

The Fund may invest a large percentage of its assets (greater than 5%) in a particular region or market, including China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. 

The Fund may invest in companies of any size, including early stage companies, which are companies that may be unproven and that may have limited or no earnings history, if the Advisor believes they have outstanding long-term growth potential. 

The Fund is classified as a non-diversified mutual fund, which means that the Fund may invest a larger percentage of its assets in the securities of a small number of issuers than a diversified fund. 

The Fund typically seeks to sell a security when the issuing company becomes overvalued relative to our analysis of its intrinsic long-term value. 

The Fund is subject to the following principal investment risks: 

Greater China Region Risk. The Fund is subject to risks associated with investments in the Greater China Region (China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan). Chinese governmental actions can have a significant effect on the economic conditions in a particular region or on a particular issuer or industry which could adversely affect the value and liquidity of investments. The Chinese government exercises significant control over China’s economy through, among other things, its industrial policies, monetary policies, management of currency exchange rates, and management of the payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations. Changes in these policies may adversely impact industries and companies in China and the Greater China Region. The economies of countries in the Greater China Region, particularly their export-oriented industries, may be adversely impacted by the developments in the economies and governmental actions of their principal trading partners, including the United States, such as the imposition of trading restrictions, tariffs and other protectionist trade policies. Further, China’s domestic-oriented industries may be particularly sensitive and adversely affected by changes in government policy and investment cycles as China’s consumer class continues to grow. China has historically managed its currency in a tight range relative to the U.S. dollar but this may be subject to greater uncertainty as exchange control regulations may be modified. 

In addition, China’s long-running conflict over Taiwan’s sovereignty, border disputes with many neighbors and historically strained relations with other Asian countries could adversely impact the economies of countries in the Greater China Region. Additional risks include currency fluctuations, interest rate fluctuations, high market volatility, higher potential default rates, less liquidity, high rates of inflation, expropriation of property, confiscatory taxation, nationalization, trading halts, imposition of tariffs, limitations on repatriation of currency, exchange control regulations (including currency blockage) and differing legal, auditing, financial and reporting standards. The economies of countries in the Greater China Region differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects. Economies of countries within the Greater China Region may experience different rates of growth, inflation, capital investment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade than more developed economies. These countries may be highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies, and their economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty and the imposition of tariffs and other protectionist trade policies. Furthermore, any spread of an infectious illness, public health threats or similar issues could reduce consumer demand or economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the economies of China and other countries in the Greater China Region, which in turn could adversely affect the Fund’s investments. Developing countries, such as those in the Greater China Region, may subject the Fund’s investments to a number of tax rules and the application of many of those rules may be uncertain. Although China has implemented various tax reforms in recent years, China may amend or revise its existing tax laws and/or procedures in the future possibly with a retroactive effect. Changes in applicable Chinese tax law could reduce the after-tax profits of the Fund, directly or indirectly, including by reducing the after tax profits of companies in China in which the Fund invests. Chinese taxes that may apply to the Fund’s investments include income tax or withholding tax on dividends, interest or gains earned by the Fund, business tax and stamp duty. Uncertainties in Chinese tax rules could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the Fund, which would adversely impact the Fund’s net asset value (NAV). 

The Fund’s investments may also be impacted by accounting fraud, especially involving Chinese companies, whether incorporated inside or outside of the Greater China Region. Frequent intervention by the Chinese government, limits on credible corporate governance standards, limited transparency of market and accounting information, and limited oversight of accounting firms increase the risk of insider dealing, market manipulation, improper accounting and other corporate misconduct. 

Risks of Investing in Chinese Securities. The Fund intends to invest in the securities of Chinese companies through various securities markets and investment vehicles, including China A-Shares through the Stock Connect Programs—The Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program and the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect program, China H-Shares and China B-Shares, shares listed on U.S. exchanges, American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), and Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”) traded on a stock exchange (as described below). 

Trading suspensions in certain stocks and extended market closures could lead to greater market execution risk, valuation risks, liquidity risks and costs for the Fund. The Stock Connect Programs will only operate on days when both the Chinese and Hong Kong markets are open for trading and when banking services are available in both markets on the corresponding settlement days. Accordingly, an investment in China A-Shares though the Stock Connect Programs may subject the Fund to the risk of price fluctuations on days when the Chinese markets are open, but the Stock Connect Programs are not trading. Further, if one or both of the Chinese markets and the Hong Kong market are closed on a U.S. trading day, the Fund may not be able to acquire or dispose of China A-Shares in a timely manner. 

The Stock Connect Programs do not have an extensive operating history and there is no certainty as to how current regulations or new regulations that may be adopted will be applied or interpreted in connection with the operations, legal enforcement and cross-border trades under the Stock Connect Programs. In addition, there can be no assurance that the Stock Connect Programs will be continued. The Fund may be adversely affected as a result of such changes. Further, different fees, costs and taxes are imposed on foreign investors acquiring China A-Shares through the Stock Connect Programs. These fees, costs and taxes may be higher than those imposed on other Chinese securities providing similar investment exposure. 

In addition to China A-Shares, the Fund may also invest in other classes of shares, including B-Shares and H-Shares. B-Shares are allocated to both international and domestic investors and are denominated in U.S. dollars on the SSE and Hong Kong dollars on the SZSE. The B-Shares market is generally smaller and less liquid and has a smaller issuer base than the China A-Shares market. H-Shares are issued by companies incorporated in the PRC that derive substantial revenues from or allocate substantial assets in the PRC of issuers that also issue China A-Shares. H-Shares may trade at significant discounts or premiums to their China A-Share counterparts. These shares classes are subject to the political and economic policies of China. 

The Fund may also invest a significant portion of its assets in securities of VIEs. In China, direct ownership of companies in certain sectors by foreign individuals and entities (including U.S. persons and entities such as the Fund) is prohibited. In order to facilitate foreign investment in these businesses, many Chinese companies have created VIEs to facilitate indirect foreign ownership. In such an arrangement, a China-based operating company typically establishes an offshore shell company in another jurisdiction such as the Cayman Islands. That shell company enters into service and other contracts with the China-based operating company, then issues shares on a stock exchange such as the New York Stock Exchange or the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Foreign investors hold stock in the VIE shell company rather than directly in the China-based operating company. The VIE arrangement allows U.S. investors to obtain economic exposure to the China-based company indirectly through the contractual VIE structure rather than directly through the formal equity ownership structure. 

VIEs are a common industry practice and well known to officials and regulators in China. However, VIEs are not formally recognized under Chinese law. Recently, the government of China provided new guidance to and placed restrictions on China-based companies raising capital offshore, including through VIE structures. Investors face uncertainty about future actions by the government of China that could significantly affect an operating company’s financial performance and the enforceability of the VIE shell company’s contractual arrangements. It is uncertain whether Chinese officials or regulators will withdraw their implicit acceptance of the VIE structure, or whether any new laws, rules or regulations relating to these structures will be adopted or, if adopted, what impact they would have on the interests of foreign shareholders. Under extreme circumstances, China might prohibit the existence of VIEs, or limit a VIE’s ability to pass through economic and governance rights to foreign individuals and entities. If the Chinese government takes action affecting VIEs, the market value of the Fund’s associated portfolio holdings would likely suffer significant, detrimental, and possibly permanent effects, which could result in substantial investment losses. 

In addition, Chinese companies, including Chinese companies listed on U.S. exchanges, are not subject to the same degree of regulatory requirements, accounting standards or auditor oversight as companies in more developed countries. As a result, information about the Chinese securities and VIEs in which the Fund invests may be less reliable or complete. As with other Chinese companies with securities listed on U.S. exchanges, U.S.-listed VIEs and American Depositary Receipts may be delisted if they do not meet U.S. accounting standards and auditor oversight requirements. Delisting would significantly decrease the liquidity and value of the securities, decrease the ability of the Fund to transact in such securities and may increase the costs of the Fund if it is required to seek other markets in which to transact in such securities. There also may be significant obstacles to obtaining information necessary for investigations into or litigation against Chinese companies, and shareholders may have limited legal remedies. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that a particular security, or shares of the Fund in general, may fall in value. Securities are subject to market fluctuations caused by such factors as economic, political, regulatory or market developments, changes in interest rates and perceived trends in securities prices. Shares of the Fund could decline in value or underperform other investments due to, among other things, market movements over the short-term or over longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. In addition, local, regional or global events such as war, acts of terrorism, spread of infectious diseases or other public health issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund and its investments. 

Such events may affect certain geographic regions, countries, sectors and industries more significantly than others. Such events could adversely affect the prices and liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio securities or other instruments and could result in disruptions in the trading markets. Any of such circumstances could have a materially negative impact on the value of the Fund’s shares and result in increased market volatility. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes 

in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. 

Common Stock Risk. The equity securities in which the Fund may invest include common stock. The value of an investment in common stock may fluctuate due to the many risks generally affecting equity securities described above. Accordingly, the value of common stock may fall due to, among other things, changes in the activities, performance and financial condition of particular companies whose securities the Fund owns; general market and economic trends; changes in the industries in which the issuers of securities held by the Fund operate; regulatory changes; interest rate and currency changes; and investor perceptions. In addition, common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility. The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company. The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed. 

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. 

Currency Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may also acquire and hold the local currency of a foreign country in foreign exchange markets primarily for the purpose of effecting foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, China also may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income. Such controls may also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings. 

Depositary Receipts Risk. The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers in the form of depositary receipts. A depositary receipt is issued by a bank or trust company to evidence its ownership of securities of a non-local corporation. The Fund may invest in both sponsored and unsponsored depositary receipts, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”). ADRs are receipts or shares typically issued by an American bank or trust company that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation and are alternatives to purchasing the underlying securities directly in their national markets and currencies. EDRs are receipts in bearer form traded in the European securities markets that evidence a similar ownership arrangement, and GDRs are receipts issued throughout the world that also evidence a similar ownership arrangement. Investments in depositary receipts may be subject to many of the same risks associated with direct investments in the securities of foreign companies, such as currency, political, liquidity, regulatory, economic and market risks because their values depend on the performance of non-dollar denominated underlying foreign securities. The depositary receipts may also involve higher expenses and may trade at a discount (or premium) to the underlying security and their values may change materially at times when the U.S. markets are not open for trading. In addition, the currency of a depositary receipt may be different than the currency of the underlying securities into which it may be converted. Movements in the exchange rate between the local currency of the foreign security and the currency in which the depositary receipt is denominated may adversely affect the value of the depositary receipt even if the price of the foreign security does not change on its market. Even if the depositary receipt is denominated in U.S. currency, depositary 

receipts are subject to currency risk if the underlying security is denominated in a foreign currency. The Fund also may invest in sponsored or unsponsored depositary receipts. A sponsored depositary receipt is issued by a depositary that has a relationship with the issuer of the underlying security. Unsponsored depositary receipts are organized independently and without the cooperation of the issuer of the underlying securities. As a result, the holder of an unsponsored depositary receipt may have limited voting rights and may not receive as much information or as current of information as would a holder of a sponsored depositary receipt since the issuer is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the underlying issuer or to pass through voting rights to holders of unsponsored depositary receipts. Unsponsored receipts may also involve higher expenses, be less liquid and have more volatile prices. 

Country/Region Risk. Social, political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy in a country or region could significantly affect the market in that country or region. In addition, global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact the issuers of securities in a different country or region. From time to time, a small number of companies and industries may represent a large portion of the market in a particular country or region and industries can be sensitive to adverse social, political, economic, or regulatory developments. 

Emerging Markets Risk. Within the Greater China Region, China and Taiwan are considered to be emerging markets. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Small Cap Company Stock Risk. Small-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Consumer Discretionary Sector Risk. The consumer discretionary sector includes companies in industries such as consumer services, household durables, leisure products, textiles, apparel and luxury goods, hotels, restaurants, retailing, e-commerce, and automobiles. Companies in the consumer discretionary sector may be significantly impacted by the performance of the overall domestic and global economy and by interest rates. The consumer discretionary sector relies heavily on disposable household income and spending. Companies in this sector may be subject to severe competition, which may have an adverse impact on their respective profitability. The retail industry can be significantly affected by changes in demographics, and consumer tastes and shopping habits, which can also affect the demand for, and success of, consumer products and services in the marketplace. The automotive industry is highly cyclical and can be significantly affected by labor relations and fluctuating component prices. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

Early Stage Companies Risk. Early stage companies may never obtain necessary financing, may rely on untested business plans, may not be successful in developing markets for their products or services, and may remain an insignificant part of their industry, and as such may never be profitable. Stocks of early stage companies may be illiquid, privately traded, and more volatile and speculative than the securities of larger companies. 

The Fund may invest a significant amount of its total assets (5% to 70% under normal market conditions) at the time of purchase in securities issued by companies domiciled in emerging markets and frontier markets, which are those countries currently included in the MSCI EFM (Emerging + Frontier Markets) Index. These companies typically are located in the Asia-Pacific region, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central and South America, and Africa. 

We travel extensively outside of the U.S. to visit companies and expect to meet with senior management. We use a process of quantitative screening followed by “bottom-up” fundamental analysis to identify individual companies that we believe have above average revenue and earnings growth potential. 

We may invest in early stage companies if we believe they have outstanding long-term growth potential. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Frontier Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in developed and emerging markets, frontier market securities involve unique risks, such as exposure to economies less diverse and mature than those of the U.S. or more established foreign markets. Given the generally smaller size and less developed capital markets than those of emerging markets or other more developed foreign markets, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified for frontier markets. Economic or political instability may cause larger price changes in frontier market securities than in securities of issuers based in more developed foreign countries, including securities of issuers in larger emerging markets. Frontier markets generally receive less investor attention than developed markets or larger emerging markets. These risks can result in the potential for extreme stock price volatility and illiquidity. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Japan Risk. The Japanese economy has only recently emerged from a prolonged economic downturn. The Japanese economy may be subject to considerable economic, political and social instability, which could have a negative impact on Japanese securities. Since the year 2000, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained relatively low compared to other advanced economies, and it may remain low in the future. The economy is characterized by an aging and declining population, large government debt and a highly regulated labor market. Economic growth is dependent on domestic consumption, deregulation and consistent government policy. International trade, particularly with the U.S., also impacts growth. Adverse conditions affecting the economies of the U.S. and Japan’s other trading partners may also affect Japan. Japan also has a growing economic relationship with China and other Southeast Asian countries, and thus Japan’s economy may also be affected by economic, political or social instability in those countries (whether resulting from local or global events as well as from any deterioration in its relationship with neighboring countries). In addition, Japan is subject to the risk of natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons and tsunamis, which could negatively affect the Fund. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

Small Cap Company Stock Risk. Small-cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products or services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of small-cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Early Stage Companies Risk. Early stage companies may never obtain necessary financing, may rely on untested business plans, may not be successful in developing markets for their products or services, and may remain an insignificant part of their industry, and as such may never be profitable. Stocks of early stage companies may be illiquid, privately traded, and more volatile and speculative than the securities of larger companies. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Communication Services Sector Risk. The communication services sector includes diversified telecommunication services companies, wireless telecommunication services companies, and media and entertainment companies. The communication services sector is subject to government regulation and can be significantly affected by intense competition and technology changes, which may make the products and services of certain companies obsolete. Wireless telecommunication services companies can be significantly affected by failure to obtain, or delays in obtaining, financing or regulatory approval, intense competition, product incompatibility, changing consumer preferences, rapid obsolescence, significant capital expenditures, and heavy debt burdens. Media and entertainment companies can be significantly affected by technological advances, government regulation, and changing consumer preferences. 

Consumer Staples Sector Risk. The consumer staples sector includes companies in the food and staples retailing, food, beverage and tobacco, and household and personal products industry groups. Companies in the consumer staples sector may be affected by demographics and product trends, competitive pricing, food fads, marketing campaigns, environmental factors, changes in consumer demands, the performance of the overall domestic and global economy, interest rates, consumer confidence and spending, and changes in commodity prices. Consumer staples companies may be subject to government regulations that may affect the permissibility of using various food additives and production methods. Tobacco companies may be adversely affected by regulation, legislation and/or litigation. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Health Care Sector Risk. The health care sector includes companies in the health care equipment and services, and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry groups. Health care companies are strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. Their products may rapidly become obsolete. Many health care companies are also subject to significant government regulation and may be affected by changes in government policies. Companies in the pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and life sciences industry group in particular are heavily dependent on patent protection, and the expiration of patents may adversely affect the profitability of such companies. These companies are also subject to extensive litigation based on product liability and other similar claims. Many new products are subject to government approval and the process of obtaining government approval can be long and costly, and even approved products are susceptible to obsolescence. These companies are also subject to competitive forces that may make it difficult to increase prices, or that may lead to price reductions. 

Industrials Sector Risk. The industrials sector includes companies in the capital goods, commercial and professional services and transportation industry groups, including companies engaged in the business of human capital management, business research and consulting, air freight and logistics, airlines, maritime shipping and transportation, railroads and trucking, transportation infrastructure, and aerospace and defense. Companies in the industrials sector can be significantly affected by general economic trends, including such factors as employment and economic growth, interest rate changes, changes in consumer spending, legislative and government regulation and spending, import controls, commodity prices, and worldwide competition. Changes in the economy, fuel prices, labor agreements, and insurance costs may result in occasional sharp price movements in transportation securities. Aerospace and defense companies rely, to a significant extent, on government demand for their products and services. The financial condition of, and investor interest in, aerospace and defense companies are heavily influenced by government defense spending policies. 

Information Technology Sector Risk. The information technology sector includes companies in the software and services, technology hardware and equipment, and semiconductors and semiconductor equipment industry groups. Companies in the information technology sector are subject to rapid obsolescence of existing technology, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, competition from new market entrants, and general economic conditions. Stocks of companies in the information technology sector, especially those of smaller, less-seasoned companies, tend to be more volatile than the overall market. Technological developments, fixed rate pricing, and the ability to retain skilled employees can significantly affect the industries in the information technology sector. Additionally, success in the internet services and infrastructure industry is subject to continued demand for internet services. 

based market index and an additional index composed of securities similar to those held by the Fund. After-tax returns are shown for the Investor Class only. After-tax returns for the Institutional Class will vary. Performance information is updated regularly and is available on the Fund’s website wasatchglobal.com. 

Year by Year Total Returns 

The Fund may invest a significant amount of its total assets (20% to 70% under normal market conditions) at the time of purchase in securities issued by companies domiciled in emerging markets and frontier markets, which are those countries currently included in the MSCI EFM (Emerging + Frontier Markets) Index. These companies typically are located in the Asia-Pacific region, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Central and South America, and Africa. 

We travel extensively outside of the U.S. to visit companies and expect to meet with senior management. We use a process of quantitative screening followed by “bottom-up” fundamental analysis to identify individual companies that we believe have above average revenue and earnings growth potential. We may invest in early stage companies if we believe they have outstanding long-term growth potential. 

The Fund may also invest in initial public offerings (IPOs). 

The Fund typically seeks to sell a security when the issuing company becomes overvalued relative to our analysis of its intrinsic long-term value. 

Global Pandemic Risk. The value of the Fund’s investments may be impacted by global health crises or other events. For example, an outbreak of the respiratory disease designated as Covid-19 was first detected in China in December 2019 and subsequently spread internationally. The transmission of Covid-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in international, national and local border closings and other significant travel restrictions and disruptions; significant disruptions to business operations across many industries, to supply chains and to customer activity; and have resulted in event cancellations and restrictions; service cancellations, reductions and other changes; significant challenges in health care service preparation and delivery; and quarantines, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the economic environment. These impacts also have caused significant market volatility and disruption which may continue over extended periods. The ultimate impact of Covid-19 or other health emergencies on the domestic and global economies is impossible to predict accurately. Less developed countries and their health systems may be more vulnerable to these impacts. The impact of this Covid-19 pandemic may be short term or may last for an extended period of time, and in either case could result in a substantial economic downturn or recession and may adversely impact the value of an investment in the Fund. 

Stock Market Risk. The Fund’s investments may decline in value due to movements in the overall stock market. 

Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities represent ownership in a company. They may be traded (bought or sold) on a securities exchange or stock market. Stock markets are volatile. The price of equity securities will fluctuate and can decline and reduce the value of a portfolio invested in equity securities. The value of equity securities purchased by the Fund could decline if the financial condition of the companies in which the Fund invests declines or if overall market and economic conditions deteriorate. The value of equity securities may also decline due to factors that affect a particular industry or industries such as labor shortages, an increase in production costs and changes in competitive conditions within an industry. In addition, the value of equity securities may decline due to, among other things, general market conditions not specifically related to a company or industry such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates, changes in government regulations, the political situation, or generally adverse investor sentiment. Certain equity securities may be less liquid, meaning that they may be difficult to sell at a time or price that is desirable, than other types of securities, or they may be illiquid. Some securities exchanges or stock markets may also be less liquid or illiquid due to low trading volume. In addition, equity securities include common stock.  Common stock holds the lowest priority in the capital structure of a company and therefore takes the largest share of the company’s risk and its accompanying volatility.  The rights of common stockholders generally are subordinate to all other claims on a company’s assets, including preferred stockholders and debt holders with respect to the payment of dividends and upon the liquidation or bankruptcy of the issuing company.  The common stock of a company that experiences financial distress may lose significant value or become worthless, and therefore the Fund could lose money if a company in which it invests becomes financially distressed.   

Foreign Securities Risk. Foreign securities are generally more volatile and less liquid than U.S. securities. Further, foreign securities may be subject to additional risks not associated with investments in U.S. securities. Differences in the economic and political environment, the amount of available public information, the amount of taxation, limitations on the use or transfer of Fund assets, the degree of market regulation, settlement practices, the potential for permanent or temporary termination of trading, and financial reporting, accounting and auditing standards, and, in the case of foreign currency-denominated securities, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, can have a significant effect on the value of a foreign security. More specifically, changes in currency exchange rates will affect the value of non-U.S. securities, the value of dividends and interest earned from such securities and gains and losses realized on the sale of such securities. The value of an investment denominated in a foreign currency will decline in U.S. dollar terms if that currency weakens against the U.S. dollar. The Fund may be invested in the local currency of a foreign country in connection with executing foreign securities transactions. When the Fund executes the securities transactions, there is the risk of the value of the foreign currency increasing or decreasing against the value of the U.S. dollar. While the Fund is permitted to hedge currency risks, the Advisor does not anticipate doing so at this time. Additionally, certain countries may restrict foreign investment in their securities and may utilize formal or informal currency-exchange controls or “capital controls.” Capital controls may impose restrictions on the Fund’s ability to repatriate investments or income.  Such capital controls can also have a significant effect on the value of the Fund’s holdings.  

Emerging Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in general, the risks of investing in the securities of companies domiciled in emerging market countries include increased political or social instability, economies based on only a few industries, unstable currencies, runaway inflation, as well as highly volatile, substantially smaller and less liquid securities markets, unpredictable shifts in policies relating to foreign investments, lack of protection for investors against parties that fail to complete transactions, lack of or limited government oversight over securities exchanges and brokers, and the potential for government seizure of assets or nationalization of companies or other government interference in which case the Fund could lose all or a significant portion of its investment in a country. 

Frontier Markets Risk. In addition to the risks of investing in foreign securities in developed and emerging markets, frontier market securities involve unique risks, such as exposure to economies less diverse and mature than those of the U.S. or more established foreign markets. Given the generally smaller size and less developed capital markets than those of emerging markets or other more developed foreign markets, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified for frontier markets. Economic or political instability may cause larger price changes in frontier market securities than in securities of issuers based in more developed foreign countries, including securities of issuers in larger emerging markets. Frontier markets generally receive less investor attention than developed markets or larger emerging markets. These risks can result in the potential for extreme stock price volatility and illiquidity. 

Asia Region Risk. The value of the Fund’s assets may be adversely affected by, among other things, political, economic, social and religious instability, inadequate investor protection, accounting standards and practices, changes in laws or regulations of countries within the Asia region, relations with other nations, natural disasters, corruption, civil unrest, and military activity. Countries in the Asia region, particularly China, Japan and South Korea, may be adversely affected by disputes with many of their neighbors and historically strained relations with Japan could adversely impact economies in the region. The economies of many Asian countries differ from the economies of more developed countries in many respects, such as the rate of growth, inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, financial system stability, and sensitivity to changes in global trade. Certain Asian countries are highly dependent upon and may be affected by developments in the United States, Europe and other Asian economies. Asian economies and companies could be affected if global economic conditions deteriorate as a result of political instability and uncertainty. In addition, international trade could be affected by politically motivated actions in the U.S. and Europe, and by increased tensions with other nations. 

Japan Risk. The Japanese economy has only recently emerged from a prolonged economic downturn. The Japanese economy may be subject to considerable economic, political and social instability, which could have a negative impact on Japanese securities. Since the year 2000, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained relatively low compared to other advanced economies, and it may remain low in the future. The economy is characterized by an aging and declining population, large government debt and a highly regulated labor market. Economic growth is dependent on domestic consumption, deregulation and consistent government policy. International trade, particularly with the U.S., also impacts growth. Adverse conditions affecting the economies of the U.S. and Japan’s other trading partners may also affect Japan. Japan also has a growing economic relationship with China and other Southeast Asian countries, and thus Japan’s economy may also be affected by economic, political or social instability in those countries (whether resulting from local or global events as well as from any deterioration in its relationship with neighboring countries). In addition, Japan is subject to the risk of natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, typhoons and tsunamis, which could negatively affect the Fund. 

Indian Market and India Region Risk. Government actions, bureaucratic obstacles and inconsistent economic and tax reform policies within the Indian government have had a significant effect on the economy and could adversely affect market conditions, deter economic growth and reduce the profitability of private enterprises. Global factors and foreign actions may inhibit the flow of foreign capital on which India is dependent to sustain its growth. Large portions of many Indian companies remain in the hands of their founders (including members of their families). Family-controlled companies may have weaker and less transparent corporate governance, which increases the potential for loss and unequal treatment of investors. India experiences many of the market risks associated with developing economies, including relatively low levels of liquidity, which may result in extreme volatility in the prices of Indian securities. Religious, cultural and military disputes persist in India, and between India and Pakistan (as well as sectarian groups within each country). The threat of aggression in the region could hinder development of the Indian economy, and escalating tensions could impact the broader region, including China. 

Micro Cap Company Stock Risk. Micro cap stocks may be very sensitive to changing economic conditions and market downturns because the issuers often have narrow markets for their products and services, fewer product lines, and more limited managerial and financial resources than larger issuers. The stocks of micro cap companies may therefore be more volatile and the ability to sell these stocks at a desirable time or price may be more limited. As noted above, the Fund under normal market conditions invests its assets primarily in micro-capitalization companies as defined above measured at the time of purchase.  In pursuing its investment strategy, the Fund may hold such securities for long periods of time during which market appreciation may cause the market capitalization of such companies to increase beyond the $1.5 billion or the market capitalization of the largest company in the Russell Microcap Index (“Appreciated Companies”).  In accordance with regulatory requirements, the Fund is not required to sell portfolio holdings that market appreciation has caused to increase in value beyond the definition of a micro-capitalization company and as a result, the Fund may at times have significant investments in Appreciated Companies.  In addition, to the extent the weighted average market capitalization of the Fund is higher than that of its benchmark or peers, the Fund’s performance compared to the benchmark or to peers with similar strategies may differ. 

Early Stage Companies Risk. Early stage companies may never obtain necessary financing, may rely on untested business plans, may not be successful in developing markets for their products or services, and may remain an insignificant part of their industry, and as such may never be profitable. Stocks of early stage companies may be illiquid, privately traded, and more volatile and speculative than the securities of larger companies. 

Growth Stock Risk. Growth stock prices may be more sensitive to changes in companies’ current or expected earnings than the prices of other stocks, and growth stock prices may fall or may not appreciate in step with the broader securities markets. Growth companies may be newer or smaller companies and may retain a large part of their earnings for research, development or investments in capital assets. 

Sector and Industry Weightings Risk. To the extent the Fund emphasizes, from time to time, investments in a particular sector, the Fund will be subject to a greater degree to the risks particular to that sector, including the sectors described below. Market conditions, interest rates, and economic, political, regulatory, or financial developments could significantly affect all the securities in a single sector. If the Fund invests in a few sectors, it may have increased exposure to the price movements of securities in those sectors. The Fund may also from time to time make significant investments in an industry or industries within a particular sector. The industries that constitute a sector may all react in the same way to economic, political or regulatory events. Adverse conditions in such industry or industries could have a correspondingly adverse effect on the financial condition of issuers. These conditions may cause the value of the Fund’s shares to fluctuate more than the values of shares of funds that invest in a greater variety of investments. 

Communication Services Sector Risk. The communication services sector includes diversified telecommunication services companies, wireless telecommunication services companies, and media and entertainment companies. The communication services sector is subject to government regulation and can be significantly affected by intense competition and technology changes, which may make the products and services of certain companies obsolete. Wireless telecommunication services companies can be significantly affected by failure to obtain, or delays in obtaining, financing or regulatory approval, intense competition, product incompatibility, changing consumer preferences, rapid obsolescence, significant capital expenditures, and heavy debt burdens. Media and entertainment companies can be significantly affected by technological advances, government regulation, and changing consumer preferences. 

Financials Sector Risk. The financials sector includes companies in the banks, diversified financials, and insurance industry groups. Companies in the financials sector are subject to extensive government regulation, can be subject to relatively rapid change due to increasingly blurred distinctions between service segments, and can be significantly affected by the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. Banking companies, including thrifts and mortgage finance and consumer finance companies, may be affected by extensive government regulation, which may limit both the amounts and types of loans and other financial commitments they can make, the interest rates and fees they can charge, and the amount of capital they must maintain. Profitability is largely dependent on 

the availability and cost of capital funds, and can fluctuate significantly when interest rates change. Credit losses resulting from financial difficulties of borrowers can negatively affect banking companies. Banking companies may also be subject to severe price competition. Competition is high among banking companies and failure to maintain or increase market share may result in lost market value. Capital markets, a sub-industry of diversified financials, may be affected by extensive government regulation as well as economic and other financial events that could cause fluctuations in the stock market, impacting the overall value of investments. The insurance industry may be affected by extensive government regulation and can be significantly affected by interest rates, general economic conditions, and price and marketing competition. Different segments of the insurance industry can be significantly affected by natural disasters, mortality and morbidity rates, and environmental clean-up. 

Industrials Sector Risk. The industrials sector includes companies in the capital goods, commercial and professional services and transportation industry groups, including companies engaged in the business of human capital management, business research and consulting, air freight and logistics, airlines, maritime shipping and transportation, railroads and trucking, transportation infrastructure, and aerospace and defense. Companies in the industrials sector can be significantly affected by general economic trends, including such factors as employment and economic growth, interest rate changes, changes in consumer spending, legislative and government regulation and spending, import controls, commodity prices, and worldwide competition. Changes in the economy, fuel prices, labor agreements, and insurance costs may result in occasional sharp price movements in transportation securities. Aerospace and defense companies rely, to a significant extent, on government demand for their products and services. The financial condition of, and investor interest in, aerospace and defense companies are heavily influenced by government defense spending policies. 

Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) Risk. IPOs involve a higher degree of risk because companies involved in IPOs generally have limited operating histories and their prospects for future profitability are uncertain. Prices of IPOs may also be unstable due to the absence of a prior public market, the small number of shares available for trading and limited investor information. 

Year by Year Total Returns