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[MISSING IMAGE: log-csam-ctr-299c.jpg]
Schwab Funds®
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund®
Investor Shares
SWVXX
Ultra Shares
SNAXX
Schwab® Government Money Fund
Sweep Shares
SWGXX
Investor Shares
SNVXX
Ultra Shares
SGUXX
Schwab® Treasury Obligations Money Fund
Investor Shares
SNOXX
Ultra Shares
SCOXX
Schwab® Retirement Government Money Fund
SNRXX
Schwab® U.S. Treasury Money Fund
Investor Shares
SNSXX
Ultra Shares
SUTXX
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
April 28, 2022
The Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with each fund’s prospectus dated April 28, 2022 (as amended from time to time).
The funds’ audited financial statements and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm thereon from the funds’ annual reports for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, are incorporated by reference into this SAI.
For a free copy of these documents or to request other information or ask questions about the funds, call Schwab Funds at 1-877-824-5615. For TDD service, call 1-800-345-2550. In addition, you may visit the Schwab Funds’ website at www.schwabassetmanagement.com/schwabfunds_prospectus for a free copy of a prospectus, SAI or an annual or semiannual report.
Each fund is a series of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds (the Trust). The funds are part of the Schwab complex of funds (Schwab Funds). Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dba Schwab Asset Management™, is the investment adviser to the funds (investment adviser).
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APPENDIX — RATINGS OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
APPENDIX — PROXY VOTING POLICY

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INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES
Each of the Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund, Schwab Government Money Fund and Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund seeks the highest current income consistent with stability of capital and liquidity. Each of the Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund and Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund seeks current income consistent with stability of capital and liquidity.
The investment objective of each fund, with the exception of Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund and Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund, may be changed only by vote of a majority of its outstanding voting shares. There is no guarantee the funds will achieve their objectives.
A majority of the outstanding voting shares of a fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of: (a) 67% or more of the voting shares represented at the meeting, if more than 50% of the outstanding voting shares of a fund are represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding voting shares of a fund.
The funds operate as money market funds and seek to comply with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (1940 Act), as that Rule may be interpreted and amended from time to time. The Rule’s key provisions govern the maturity, liquidity, quality and diversification of their money market fund investments. For example, with respect to maturity, Rule 2a-7 currently provides that money funds limit their investments to securities with remaining maturities of 397 days or less and maintain dollar-weighted average maturities of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life to maturity of 120 days or less, all calculated as described in the Rule or any interpretation thereunder. Taxable money funds are subject to minimum liquidity requirements that prohibit a fund from acquiring certain types of securities if, immediately after the acquisition, the fund’s investments in daily or weekly liquid assets, as defined in the Rule, would be below 10% or 30%, respectively, of the fund’s total assets. In addition, money funds may only invest in high quality securities. The funds are also subject to strict diversification requirements under Rule 2a-7.
The following investment strategies, securities, risks and limitations supplement those set forth in the prospectuses and may be changed without shareholder approval unless otherwise noted. Also, policies and limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard, shall be measured immediately after and as a result of a fund’s acquisition of such security or asset unless otherwise noted. Additionally, for purposes of calculating any restriction, an issuer shall be the entity deemed to be ultimately responsible for payments of interest and principal on the security pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act unless otherwise noted.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
The Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in high-quality, U.S. dollar-denominated money market securities issued by U.S. and foreign issuers, including U.S. government securities and repurchase agreements for these securities.
The Schwab Government Money Fund and Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund will invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash, U.S. government securities and/or repurchase agreements that are collateralized fully by cash and/or U.S. government securities; under normal circumstances, 80% of their net assets must be invested solely in U.S. government securities including repurchase agreements (excluding cash). With respect to the 80% policy, each fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing the policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund will invest at least 99.5% of its total assets in cash, government securities and/or repurchase agreements that are collateralized fully by cash and/or government securities; under normal circumstances, 80% of its net assets must be invested solely in U.S. Treasury obligations or repurchase agreements backed by such obligations (excluding cash). With respect to the 80% policy, the fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing the policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund will invest at least 99.5% of its total assets in cash and/or government securities; including bills and notes; under normal circumstances, 80% of its net assets must be invested solely in U.S. Treasury securities (excluding cash). With respect to the 80% policy, the fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing the policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
INVESTMENTS, SECURITIES AND RISKS
Not all investment securities or techniques discussed below are eligible investments for each fund. A fund will invest in securities or engage in techniques that are intended to help achieve its investment objective.
From time to time a fund may hold certain securities not otherwise discussed in this SAI as a permissible investment for the fund. To the extent an investment becomes part of a fund’s principal or non-principal investment strategy, the fund will take the necessary steps to identify them as permissible investments. In addition, a fund may receive (i.e., not actively invest) such securities as a result of a corporate action, such as securities dividends, spin-offs or rights issues. In such cases, the fund will not actively add to its position and generally will dispose of the securities as soon as reasonably practicable.
Asset-Backed Securities are securities that are backed by the loans or accounts receivables of an entity, such as a bank or credit card company. These securities are obligations which the issuer intends to repay using the assets backing them (once collected). Therefore, repayment depends largely on the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities. The rate of principal payments on asset-backed securities
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generally depends on the rate of principal payments received on the underlying assets, which in turn may be affected by a variety of economic and other factors. As a result, the yield on any asset-backed security is difficult to predict with precision, and actual yield to maturity may be more or less than the anticipated yield to maturity.
Sometimes the credit quality of these securities is limited to the support provided by the underlying assets, but, in other cases, additional credit support also may be provided by a third party via a letter of credit or insurance guarantee. Such credit support falls into two classes: liquidity protection and protection against ultimate default on the underlying assets. Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the entity administering the pool of assets, to ensure that scheduled payments on the underlying pool are made in a timely fashion. Protection against ultimate default ensures payment on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. Such protection may be provided through guarantees, insurance policies or letters of credit obtained from third parties, through various means of structuring the transaction or through a combination of such approaches.
The degree of credit support provided on each issue is based generally on historical information respecting the level of credit risk associated with such payments. Delinquency or loss in excess of that anticipated could adversely affect the return on an investment in an asset-backed security.
For purposes of a fund’s concentration policy, the fund will determine the industry classification of asset-backed securities based upon the investment adviser’s evaluation of the risks associated with an investment in the underlying assets. For example, asset-backed securities whose underlying assets share similar economic characteristics because, for example, they are funded (or supported) primarily from a single or similar source or revenue stream will be classified in the same industry sector. In contrast, asset-backed securities whose underlying assets represent a diverse mix of industries, business sectors and/or revenue streams will be classified into distinct industries based on their underlying credit and liquidity structures. A fund will limit its investments in each identified industry to less than 25% of its net assets.
Borrowing may subject a fund to interest costs, which may exceed the interest received on the securities purchased with the borrowed funds. A fund normally may borrow at times to meet redemption requests rather than sell portfolio securities to raise the necessary cash. Borrowing can involve leveraging when securities are purchased with the borrowed money. A fund will be required to comply with the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act when it engages in borrowing activities. If assets used to secure a borrowing decrease in value, a fund may be required to pledge additional collateral to avoid liquidation of those assets.
Certificates of Deposit or time deposits are issued against funds deposited in a banking institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. A fund will invest only in certificates of deposit, including time deposits, of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits, in the aggregate, in excess of $100 million.
Commercial Paper consists of short-term, promissory notes issued by banks, corporations and other entities to finance short-term credit needs. These securities generally are discounted but sometimes may be interest bearing. Commercial paper, which also may be unsecured, is subject to credit risk.
Concentration means that substantial amounts of assets are invested in a particular industry or group of industries. Concentration increases investment exposure to industry risk. For example, the automobile industry may have a greater exposure to a single factor, such as an increase in the price of oil, which may adversely affect the sale of automobiles and, as a result, the value of the industry’s securities. Based on the primary characteristics of non-U.S. (foreign) banks, the funds have identified each foreign country as a separate bank industry for purposes of a fund’s concentration policy. A fund will limit its investments in securities issued by foreign banks in each country to less than 25% of its net assets. However, the Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund reserves the freedom of action to invest up to 100% of its assets in certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances issued by domestic branches of U.S. banks and U.S. branches of foreign banks (which the fund has determined to be subject to the same regulation as U.S. banks).
Credit and Liquidity Supports or Enhancements may be employed by issuers to reduce the credit risk of their securities. Credit supports include letters of credit, insurance and guarantees provided by foreign and domestic financial institutions. Liquidity supports include puts, demand features, and lines of credit. Most of these arrangements move the credit risk of an investment from the issuer of the security to the support provider. The investment adviser may rely on its evaluation of the credit and liquidity of the credit support provider in determining whether to purchase or hold a security enhanced by such a support. Changes in the credit quality of a support provider could cause losses to a fund.
Cyber Security Risk. As the funds increasingly rely on technology and information systems to operate, the funds become susceptible to operational risks linked to security breaches in those information systems. Both calculated attacks and unintentional events can cause failures in the funds’ information systems. Cyber attacks can include acquiring unauthorized access to information systems, usually through hacking or the use of malicious software, for purposes of stealing assets or confidential information, corrupting data, or disrupting a fund’s operations. Cyber attacks can also occur without direct access to information systems, for example by making network services unavailable to intended users. Cyber security failures by, or breaches of the information systems of, the investment adviser, distributors, broker-dealers, other service providers (including, but not limited to, index providers, a fund’s accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators), or the issuers of securities the funds invest in may also cause disruptions and impact the funds’ business operations. Breaches in information security may result in financial losses, interference with the funds’ ability to calculate NAV, impediments to trading, inability of fund shareholders to transact
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business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. The funds have business continuity plans in the event of, and risk management systems to help prevent, such cyber attacks, but these plans and systems have limitations including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Moreover, the funds do not control the cyber security plans and systems of their service providers and other third party business partners. The funds and their shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
Debt Securities are obligations issued by domestic and foreign entities, including governments and corporations, in order to raise money. They are basically “IOUs,” but are commonly referred to as bonds or money market securities. These securities normally require the issuer to pay a fixed-, variable- or floating-rate of interest on the amount of money borrowed (the principal) until it is paid back upon maturity.
Debt securities experience price changes when interest rates change. For example, when interest rates fall, the prices of debt securities generally rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the prices of debt securities generally fall. Certain debt securities have call features that allow the issuer to redeem their outstanding debts prior to final maturity. Depending on the call feature, an issuer may pre-pay its outstanding debts and issue new ones paying lower interest rates. If an issuer redeems its debt securities prior to final maturity, a fund may have to replace these securities with lower yielding securities, which could result in a lower return. This is known as prepayment risk and is more likely to occur in a falling interest rate environment. In a rising interest rate environment, prepayment on outstanding debt securities is less likely to occur. This is known as extension risk and may cause the value of debt securities to depreciate as a result of the higher market interest rates. Typically, longer-maturity securities react to interest rate changes more severely than shorter-term securities (all things being equal), but generally offer greater rates of interest.
A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or economic conditions may lead to a change in interest rates, which could have sudden and unpredictable effects on the markets and significantly impact the value of debt securities in which a fund invests. Some debt securities, such as bonds with longer durations, are more sensitive to interest rate changes than others and may experience an immediate and considerable reduction in value if interest rates rise. Longer duration securities tend to be more volatile than shorter duration securities. As the values of debt securities in a fund’s portfolio adjust to a rise in interest rates, the fund’s share price may fall. In the event that a fund holds a large portion of its portfolio in longer duration securities when interest rates increase, the share price of the fund may fall significantly.
Debt securities also are subject to the risk that the issuers will not make timely interest and/or principal payments or fail to make them at all. This is called credit risk. Corporate debt securities (bonds) tend to have higher credit risk generally than U.S. government debt securities. Debt securities also may be subject to price volatility due to market perception of future interest rates, the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (market risk).
Corporate bonds are debt securities issued by corporations. Although a higher return is expected from corporate bonds, these securities, while subject to the same general risks as U.S. government securities, are subject to greater credit risk than U.S. government securities. Their prices may be affected by the perceived credit quality of their issuer.
Delayed-Delivery Transactions include purchasing and selling securities on a delayed-delivery or when-issued basis. These transactions involve a commitment to buy or sell specific securities at a predetermined price or yield, with payment and delivery taking place after the customary settlement period for that type of security. When purchasing securities on a delayed-delivery basis, a fund assumes the rights and risks of ownership, including the risk of price and yield fluctuations. Typically, no interest will accrue to a fund until the security is delivered. Under current regulatory requirements, a fund will earmark or segregate appropriate liquid assets to cover its delayed-delivery purchase obligations. When a fund sells a security on a delayed-delivery basis, the fund does not participate in further gains or losses with respect to that security. If the other party to a delayed-delivery transaction fails to deliver or pay for the securities, a fund could suffer losses. In October 2020, the SEC adopted a final rule (“Rule 18f-4”) related to the use of derivatives, reverse repurchase agreements and certain other transactions by registered investment companies that will rescind and withdraw the guidance of the SEC and its staff regarding asset segregation and coverage transactions. A money market fund cannot rely on Rule 18f-4 to use such instruments, with a limited exception for investments in certain when-issued, forward-settling and non-standard settlement cycle securities transactions. Under Rule 18f-4, a money market fund will only be permitted to invest in a security on a when-issued or forward-settling basis, or with a non-standard settlement cycle, and the transaction will be deemed not to involve a senior security (as defined under Section 18(g) of the 1940 Act), provided that, (i) the fund intends to physically settle the transaction and (ii) the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date. Compliance with these new requirements will be required August 19, 2022. Following the compliance date, these requirements may limit the ability of a fund to invest in securities on a when-issued or forward-settling basis, or with a non-standard settlement cycle, as part of its investment strategies.
Diversification involves investing in a wide range of securities and thereby spreading and reducing the risks of investment. Each fund is a diversified mutual fund. Each fund also follows the regulations set forth by the SEC in Rule 2a-7 that dictate the diversification requirements for money market mutual funds, as such regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. Each fund may invest up to 25% of its assets in securities of a single issuer for a period of up to three business days.
Foreign Institutions involve additional risks. The funds may invest in U.S. dollar-denominated securities issued by foreign institutions or securities that are subject to credit or liquidity enhancements provided by foreign institutions. Foreign institutions may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements that are comparable to those applicable to U.S. corporations. In addition, there may be less publicly available information about foreign entities. Foreign economic, political and legal
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developments could have effects on the value of securities issued or supported by foreign institutions. For example, conditions within and around foreign countries, such as the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political or social instability, diplomatic developments, change of government, currency blockage, the imposition of sanctions and other similar measures, or war could affect the value of these securities. The type and severity of sanctions and other similar measures, including counter sanctions and other retaliatory actions, that may be imposed could vary broadly in scope, and their impact is difficult to ascertain. These types of measures may include, but are not limited to, banning a sanctioned country or certain persons or entities associated with such country from global payment systems that facilitate cross-border payments, restricting the settlement of securities transactions by certain investors, and freezing the assets of particular countries, entities or persons. The imposition of sanctions and other similar measures could, among other things, result in a decline in the value and/or liquidity of securities issued by the sanctioned country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country, downgrades in the credit ratings of the sanctioned country’s securities or those of companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country, currency devaluation or volatility, and increased market volatility and disruption in the sanctioned country and throughout the world. Sanctions and other similar measures could directly or indirectly limit or prevent a fund from buying and selling securities (in the sanctioned country and other markets), significantly delay or prevent the settlement of securities transactions, and adversely impact a fund’s liquidity and performance. In addition, there may be difficulties in obtaining or enforcing judgments against the foreign institutions that issue or support securities in which a fund may invest. These factors and others may increase the risks with respect to the liquidity of a fund, and its ability to meet a large number of shareholder redemption requests.
International trade tensions may arise from time to time which could result in trade tariffs, embargos or other restrictions or limitations on trade. The imposition of any actions on trade could trigger a significant reduction in international trade, an oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies or industries which could have a negative impact on a fund’s performance. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
During the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, financial markets in Europe experienced significant volatility due, in part, to concerns about rising levels of government debt and the prevalence of increased budget deficits. As a result, many economies in the region suffered through prolonged economic downturns. Due to the economic integration of the region, another economic downturn in one European country may have a negative impact on the economies of other European countries.
The risk of investing in Europe may be heightened due to steps taken by the United Kingdom (UK) to exit the European Union (EU). On January 31, 2020, the UK officially withdrew from the EU. On December 30, 2020, the EU and UK signed the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) which governs certain aspects of the EU’s and the UK’s relationship, many of which are still to be determined, including those related to financial services. Notwithstanding the TCA, significant uncertainty remains in the market regarding the ramifications of the UK’s withdrawal from the EU. The impact on the UK and European economies and the broader global economy could be significant, resulting in increased volatility and illiquidity, and companies that conduct a significant amount of business in the UK or Europe may experience lower revenue and/or profit growth, all of which may adversely affect the value of a fund’s investments. Brexit also may cause additional member states to contemplate departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate political and economic instability in the region and cause additional market disruption in global financial markets.
As a fund may hold investments in issuers that are located in Europe or that depend on revenues generated from operations in Europe, any material negative developments in Europe could have a negative impact on the value and liquidity of these investments, which could harm a fund’s performance.
Illiquid Securities means any securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven calendar days at approximately the amount at which a fund has valued the instruments. The liquidity of a fund’s securities is monitored under the supervision and direction of the Board of Trustees (Board) and is governed by provisions of the 1940 Act, which provide that a fund may not acquire any illiquid security if, immediately after the acquisition, the fund would have invested more than 5% of the fund’s total assets in illiquid securities. Securities currently not considered liquid include, among others, repurchase agreements not maturing within seven days that are not subject to a demand feature of seven days or less and certain restricted securities. Any security may become illiquid at times of market dislocation.
Interfund Borrowing and Lending. The SEC has granted an exemption to the funds that permits the funds to borrow money from and/or lend money to other funds in the Fund Complex as defined under “Management of the Funds.” All loans are for temporary or emergency purposes and the interest rates to be charged will be the average of the overnight repurchase agreement rate and the short-term bank loan rate. All loans are subject to numerous conditions designed to ensure fair and equitable treatment of all participating funds. The interfund lending facility is subject to the oversight and periodic review of the Board.
Large Transaction Risk. Certain accounts or Schwab affiliates may from time to time own (beneficially or of record) or control a significant percentage of a fund’s shares. Redemptions by these shareholders of their holdings in a fund or large redemptions by several shareholders resulting from events affecting investor demand may impact the fund’s liquidity and NAV. These redemptions may also force a fund to sell securities when it would not otherwise do so, which could result in a loss to the fund, negative impact to the fund’s brokerage costs, acceleration of the realization of taxable income if sales of securities result in capital gains or other income (which particularly would impact shareholders who do not hold their fund shares in an IRA, 401(k) plan or other tax-advantaged investment plan), or higher portfolio turnover. Investors should consider whether the fund is an appropriate investment in light of their current financial position and goals.
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Market Disruptions Risk. The funds are subject to investment and operational risks associated with financial, economic and other global market developments and disruptions, including those arising from war, terrorism, market manipulation, government interventions, defaults and shutdowns, political changes or diplomatic developments, public health emergencies (such as the spread of infectious diseases, epidemics and pandemics) and natural/environmental disasters, which can all negatively impact the securities markets and cause a fund to lose value. These events can also impair the technology and other operational systems upon which the funds’ service providers, including Schwab Asset Management, as the funds’ investment adviser, rely, and could otherwise disrupt the funds’ service providers’ ability to fulfill their obligations to the funds.
The outbreak of COVID-19, a novel coronavirus disease, has caused volatility, severe market dislocations and liquidity constraints in many markets, including those in which the funds invest. The transmission of COVID-19 and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in travel restrictions and disruptions, closed international borders, enhanced health screenings at ports of entry and elsewhere, disruption of and delays in healthcare service preparation and delivery, quarantines, event and service cancellations or interruptions, disruptions to business operations (including staff reductions), supply chains and consumer activity, as well as general concern and uncertainty that has negatively affected the global economic environment. These disruptions have led to instability in the market place, including losses and overall volatility. The impact of COVID-19, including variants of the underlying virus, and other infectious illness outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics that may arise in the future, could adversely affect the economies of many nations or the entire global economy, the financial performance of individual issuers, borrowers and sectors and the health of the markets generally in potentially significant and unforeseen ways.
The foregoing could lead to a significant economic downturn or recession, increased market volatility, market closures, low or negative interest rates, higher default rates and adverse effects on the values and liquidity of securities or other assets. Such impacts, which may vary across asset classes, may adversely affect the performance of the funds. In certain cases, an exchange or market may close or issue trading halts on specific securities or even the entire market, which may result in the funds being, among other things, unable to buy or sell certain securities or financial instruments or to accurately price their investments.
To satisfy any shareholder redemption requests during periods of extreme volatility, it is more likely the funds may be required to dispose of portfolio investments at inopportune times or prices.
Maturity of Investments generally will be determined using the portfolio securities’ final maturity dates or a shorter period as permitted by Rule 2a-7. For a government security that is a variable-rate security where the variable rate of interest is readjusted at least every 397 calendar days, the maturity is deemed to be equal to the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate. A government security that is a floating-rate security is deemed to have a maturity of one day. A short-term variable-rate security is deemed to have a maturity equal to the earlier of the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand. A long-term variable-rate security that is subject to a demand feature is deemed to have a maturity equal to the longer of the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand. A short-term floating-rate security is deemed to have a maturity of one day. A long-term floating-rate security that is subject to a demand feature is deemed to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand. A repurchase agreement is deemed to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the date on the repurchase of the underlying securities is scheduled to occur, or, where the agreement is subject to a demand, the notice period applicable to the demand for repurchase of the securities. A securities lending agreement will be treated as having a maturity equal to the period remaining until the date on which the loaned securities are scheduled to be returned, or where the agreement is subject to demand, the notice period applicable to a demand for the return of the loaned securities.
Money Market Securities are high-quality, short-term debt securities that may be issued by entities such as the U.S. government, municipalities, corporations and financial institutions (like banks). Money market securities include, but are not limited to, commercial paper, promissory notes, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, notes and time deposits.
Money market securities pay fixed-, variable- or floating-rates of interest and are generally subject to credit and interest rate risks. The maturity date or price of and financial assets collateralizing a security may be structured in order to make it qualify as or act like a money market security. These securities may be subject to greater credit and interest rate risks than other money market securities because of their structure. A money market security may be issued with a put (agreement that allows the buyer of the security to sell it at a specified price) or without a put.
Municipal Securities are debt securities issued by a state, its counties, municipalities, authorities and other subdivisions, or the territories and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia, including their subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities and corporations if interest on securities issued by those issuers is not subject to federal or state income tax (municipal issuers).
Municipal securities pay fixed-, variable- or floating-rates of interest, which is meant to be exempt from federal income tax, and, typically personal income tax of a state or locality. The investment adviser relies on the opinion of the issuer’s counsel, which is rendered at the time the security is issued, to determine whether the security is eligible, with respect to its validity and tax status, to be purchased by a fund. Neither the investment adviser nor the funds guarantee that this opinion is correct, and there is no assurance that the IRS will agree with such counsel’s opinion.
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Municipal securities may be issued to obtain money for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities such as airports, bridges, highways, housing, hospitals, mass transportation, public utilities, schools, streets, and water and sewer works. Other public purposes include refunding outstanding obligations, obtaining funds for general operating expenses and obtaining funds to loan to other public institutions and facilities.
Municipal securities also may be issued to finance various private activities, including certain types of private activity bonds (industrial development bonds under prior law). These securities may be issued by or on behalf of public authorities to provide funds to construct or improve privately owned or operated facilities. The repayment of the debt is typically not an obligation of the municipal issuer but only of the operator or owner of the facility. The credit quality of private activity bonds may be related to the credit standing of the private corporation or other entity on whose behalf the bonds were issued and who is responsible for repaying the debt or to the financial institution providing a credit or liquidity enhancement.
Municipal securities generally are classified as “general obligation” or “revenue” and may be purchased directly or through participation interests. General obligation securities typically are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its full faith and credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. Revenue securities may be payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in other cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other specific revenue source. Private activity bonds and industrial development bonds are, in most cases, revenue bonds and generally do not constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of private activity bonds is frequently related to the credit standing of private corporations or other entities.
Municipal securities may be owned directly or through participation interests, and include general obligation or revenue securities, tax-exempt commercial paper, notes and leases, as well as “conduit securities,” which are securities issued by a municipal issuer for the benefit of a person other than a municipal issuer who will provide for, or secure repayment of, the securities. For example, most municipal debt issued for health care and higher education institutions are issued through conduit issuers with the debt service payments secured by payments from the health care or higher education institution.
Examples of municipal securities that are issued with original maturities of 397 days or less are short-term tax anticipation and revenue anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes and municipal commercial paper. Tax anticipation and revenue anticipation notes typically are sold to finance working capital needs of municipalities in anticipation of the receipt of property taxes or other revenues on a future date. Bond anticipation notes are sold on an interim basis in anticipation of a municipality’s issuance of a longer-term bond in the future. Pre-refunded municipal bonds are bonds that are not yet refundable, but for which securities have been placed in escrow to refund an original municipal bond issue when it becomes refundable. The funds may purchase other municipal securities similar to the foregoing that are or may become available, including securities issued to pre-refund other outstanding obligations of municipal issuers. In addition, the maturity date or price of and financial assets collateralizing a municipal money market security may be structured in order to make it qualify as or act like a municipal money market security.
The funds also may invest in moral obligation securities, which are normally issued by special purpose public authorities. For example, for one type of moral obligation security, if the issuer of the security is unable to meet its obligation from current revenues, it may draw on a reserve fund. The state or municipality that created the entity has only a moral commitment, not a legal obligation, to restore the reserve fund.
The marketability, valuation or liquidity of municipal securities may be negatively affected in the event that states, localities or their authorities default on their debt obligations or other market events arise, which in turn may negatively affect fund performance, sometimes substantially. A credit rating downgrade relating to, default by, or insolvency or bankruptcy of, one or several municipal issuers of a particular state, territory, commonwealth, or possession could affect the market value or marketability of any one or all such states, territories, commonwealths, or possessions.
The value of municipal securities may also be affected by uncertainties with respect to the rights of holders of municipal securities in the event of bankruptcy or the taxation of municipal securities as a result of legislation or litigation. For example, under federal law, certain issuers of municipal securities may be authorized in certain circumstances to initiate bankruptcy proceedings without prior notice to or the consent of creditors. Such action could result in material adverse changes in the rights of holders of the securities. In other instances, there has been litigation challenging the issuance of pollution control revenue bonds or the validity of their issuance under state or federal law, which ultimately could affect the validity of those municipal securities or the tax-free nature of the interest thereon. Preventative or protective actions that governments have taken, and may continue to take, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in, and may continue to result in, periods of business disruption and reduced or disrupted operations, which could have long-term negative economic effects on state and local economies and budgets and could affect the value of municipal securities held by the fund. The full effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and related responses on state and local economies are not yet known and will emerge over time.
Promissory Notes are written agreements committing the maker or issuer to pay the payee a specified amount either on demand or at a fixed date in the future, with or without interest. These are sometimes called negotiable notes or instruments and are subject to credit risk. Bank notes are notes used to represent obligations issued by banks in large denominations.
Puts, sometimes called demand features or guarantees, are agreements that allow the buyer of the put to sell a security at a specified price and time to the seller or “put provider.” When a fund buys a security with a put feature, losses could occur if the put provider does not perform as agreed. Standby commitments are types of puts.
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Quality of Money Market Investments. Each fund follows regulations set forth by the SEC that dictate the quality requirements for investments made by money market mutual funds, as such regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. Under the regulations, money market funds are required to limit their investments to “eligible securities,” which are defined to mean either (i) a security with a remaining maturity of 397 calendar days or less that a fund’s board (or its delegate) determines presents minimal credit risks to the fund; (ii) a security that is issued by a registered investment company that is a money market fund; or (iii) a security that is a government security. For securities that are not money market fund securities or government securities, the regulations require a money market fund’s board, or an appropriate delegate, to consider a series of factors that money market funds have traditionally used to evaluate the creditworthiness of a portfolio security, including the issuer’s or guarantor’s: (i) financial condition; (ii) sources of liquidity; (iii) ability to react to market-wide and issuer- or guarantor-specific events, including the ability to repay debt in a highly adverse situation; and (iv) position within its industry, as well as industry strength within the economy and relative economic trends.
Should a portfolio security held by a fund cease to be an eligible security (e.g., no longer presents minimal credit risks), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dba Schwab Asset Management shall cause the fund to dispose of such security as soon as practicable, consistent with achieving an orderly disposition of the security, by sale, exercise of any demand feature or otherwise, absent a funding by the fund’s Board that disposal of the portfolio security would not be in the best interests of the fund.
Repurchase Agreements involve a fund buying securities from a seller and simultaneously agreeing to sell them back at an agreed-upon price (usually higher) and time. When a fund enters into a repurchase agreement, the fund is exposed to the risk that the other party (i.e., the counterparty) will not fulfill its contractual obligation. In a repurchase agreement, there exists the risk that, when the fund buys a security from a counterparty that agrees to repurchase the security at an agreed upon price (usually higher) and time, the counterparty will not repurchase the security. Repurchase agreements entered into by a fund (other than those where the U.S. government, one of its agencies or one of its instrumentalities is a counterparty, which may include the Federal Reserve Bank of New York) will provide that the underlying collateral, which may be in the form of cash, U.S. government securities, fixed-income securities, equity securities or other types of securities, including securities that are rated below investment grade, shall at all times have a value at least equal to 100% of the resale price stated in the agreement. Repurchase agreements where the U.S. government, one of its agencies or one of its instrumentalities is a counterparty will provide that the underlying collateral shall have a value at least equal to 100% of the sale price stated in the agreement. Repurchase agreements with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York are deemed to be investments in U.S. government securities. Repurchase agreements collateralized entirely by cash or U.S. government securities may be deemed to be collateralized fully pursuant to Rule 2a-7 and may be deemed to be investments in the underlying securities.
The Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund can accept collateral beyond the criteria of Rule 2a-7, such as debt securities, equity securities and high-yield securities that are rated below investment grade (also referred to as junk bonds) (Alternative Collateral), which exposes the fund to two categories of risks:
(1)
Diversification and Concentration Risk. Repurchase agreements secured by Alternative Collateral are not deemed to be “collateralized fully” under Rule 2a-7, and the repurchase agreement is therefore considered a separate security issued by the counterparty to the funds. Accordingly, in addition to the risks of a default or bankruptcy of the counterparty, the fund must include repurchase agreements that are not “collateralized fully” in its calculations of securities issued by the counterparty held by the fund for purposes of various diversification and concentration requirements applicable to the fund. In particular, to the extent a counterparty is a “securities related business” for purposes of Section 12(d)(3) of the 1940 Act and Rule 12d3-1 thereunder, the fund would not be permitted to hold more than 5% of its total assets in securities issued by the counterparty, including repurchase agreements that are not “collateralized fully” under Rule 2a-7. While this limitation (as well as other applicable limitations arising under concentration and diversification requirements) limits the fund’s exposure to each such counterparty, the fund will be required to monitor its holdings of such securities and ensure that it complies with the applicable limitations; and
(2)
Liquidity Risk. Alternative collateral may not qualify as permitted or appropriate investments for the fund under the fund’s investment strategies and limitations. Accordingly, if a counterparty to a repurchase agreement defaults and the fund takes possession of such collateral, the fund may need to promptly dispose of such collateral (or other securities held by the fund, if the fund exceeds a limitation on a permitted investment by virtue of taking possession of the collateral). In cases of market turmoil (which may be associated with a default or bankruptcy of a counterparty), the fund may have more difficulty than anticipated in selling such securities and/or in avoiding a loss on the sale of such securities. This risk may be more heightened in the case of a counterparty’s insolvency or bankruptcy, which may restrict the fund’s ability to dispose of Alternative Collateral received from the counterparty. The investment adviser follows various procedures to monitor the liquidity and quality of any collateral received under a repurchase agreement (as well as the credit quality of each counterparty) designed to minimize these risks, but there can be no assurance that the procedures will be successful in doing so.
Reduced participation in the repurchase agreement market by counterparties, particularly the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, due to regulatory or market conditions may affect a fund’s investment strategies, operations and/or performance.
Restricted Securities are securities that are subject to legal restrictions on their sale. Difficulty in selling restricted securities may result in a loss or be costly to a portfolio. Restricted securities generally can be sold in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), or in a registered public offering. Where registration is required, the holder of a registered security may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expense and a considerable period may elapse between the time it decides to seek registration and the time it may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If,
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during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the holder might obtain a less favorable price than prevailed when it decided to seek registration of the security. Certain restricted securities such as tender option bonds, commercial paper and other promissory notes may be issued under Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act and may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, such as the funds, under 1933 Act Rule 144A. Securities purchased through a private placement offering are also restricted securities. These securities may be considered to be liquid if they meet the criteria for liquidity established by the Board. To the extent a fund invests in restricted securities that are deemed liquid, the general level of illiquidity in a fund’s portfolio may be increased if such securities become illiquid or if buyers in that market become unwilling to purchase the securities.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements. In a reverse repurchase agreement, a fund would sell a security in exchange for cash and enter into an agreement to repurchase the security at a specified future date and price. A fund generally retains the right to interest and principal payments on the security. If a fund uses the cash it obtains to invest in other securities, this may be considered a form of leverage and may expose the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect of any decrease or increase in the value of the fund’s portfolio securities. Because a fund receives cash upon entering into a reverse repurchase agreement, it may be considered a borrowing. Under current regulatory requirements, a fund will set aside permissible liquid assets earmarked or in a segregated account to secure its obligations to repurchase the security.
Securities of Other Investment Companies. Investment companies generally offer investors the advantages of diversification and professional investment management by combining shareholders’ money and investing it in securities such as stocks, bonds and money market instruments. Investment companies include: (1) open-end funds (commonly called mutual funds) that issue and redeem their shares on a continuous basis; (2) closed-end funds that offer a fixed number of shares, and are usually listed on an exchange; (3) unit investment trusts that generally offer a fixed number of redeemable shares; and (4) money market funds that typically seek current income by investing in money market securities (see the section titled “Money Market Securities” for more information). Certain open-end funds, closed-end funds and unit investment trusts are traded on exchanges.
Investment companies may make investments and use techniques designed to enhance their performance. These may include delayed-delivery and when-issued securities transactions; swap agreements; buying and selling futures contracts, illiquid, and/or restricted securities and repurchase agreements; and borrowing or lending money and/or portfolio securities. The risks of investing in a particular investment company will generally reflect the risks of the securities in which it invests and the investment techniques it employs. Also, investment companies charge fees and incur expenses.
Federal law restricts the ability of one registered investment company to invest in another. As a result, the extent to which a fund may invest in another investment company may be limited. Except as described below, the 1940 Act currently requires that, as determined immediately after a purchase is made, (i) not more than 5% of the value of a fund’s total assets will be invested in the securities of any one acquired investment company (acquired fund), (ii) not more than 10% of the value of its total assets will be invested in the aggregate in securities of acquired funds as a group and (iii) not more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any one acquired fund will be owned by a fund.
The Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund is prohibited from acquiring any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) or Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the 1940 Act.
Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act permits a fund to invest in acquired funds in the “same group of investment companies” ​(“affiliated funds”), government securities and short-term paper. In order to be an eligible investment under Section 12(d)(1)(G), an affiliated acquired fund must have a policy prohibiting it from investing in other registered open-end funds under Section 12(d)(1)(F) or (G) of the 1940 Act and, under certain circumstances, limit itself from investing in other investment companies and private funds.
The limitations described above do not apply to investments in money market funds subject to certain conditions. The funds may invest in affiliated and unaffiliated money market funds without limit under Rule 12d1-1 under the 1940 Act subject to the fund’s investment policies and restrictions and the conditions of the Rule.
Rule 12d1-4 allows a fund to acquire shares of an acquired fund in excess of the limitations currently imposed by the 1940 Act. Fund of funds arrangements relying on Rule 12d1-4 will be subject to several conditions, certain of which are specific to a fund’s position in the arrangement (i.e., as an acquiring or acquired fund). Notable conditions include those relating to: (i) control and voting that prohibit an acquiring fund, its investment adviser (or a sub-adviser) and their respective affiliates from beneficially owning more than 25% of the outstanding voting securities of an unaffiliated acquired fund; (ii) certain required findings relating to complexity, fees and undue influence (among other things); (iii) fund of funds investment agreements; and (iv) general limitations on an acquired fund’s investments in other investment companies and private funds to no more than 10% of the acquired fund’s asset, except in certain circumstances. To the extent a fund is an acquired fund, the limitations placed on acquired funds under Rule 12d1-4 may impact the investments made by a fund.
Stripped Securities are securities whose income and principal components are detached and sold separately. While the risks associated with stripped securities are similar to other money market securities, stripped securities are typically subject to greater changes in value. U.S. Treasury securities that have been stripped by the Federal Reserve Bank are obligations of the U.S. Treasury. Privately stripped government securities are created when a dealer deposits a U.S. Treasury security or other U.S. government security with a custodian for safekeeping; the custodian issues
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separate receipts for the coupon payments and the principal payment, which the dealer then sells. There are two types of stripped securities: coupon strips, which refer to the zero coupon bonds that are backed by the coupon payments; and principal strips, which are backed by the final repayments of principal. Unlike coupon strips, principal strips do not accrue a coupon payment. They are sold at a discounted price and accrete up to par.
The funds may invest in U.S. Treasury bonds that have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons, the coupons themselves, and receipts or certificates representing interests in such stripped debt obligations and coupons. Interest on zero coupon bonds is accrued and paid at maturity rather than during the term of the security. Such obligations have greater price volatility than coupon obligations and other normal interest-paying securities, and the value of zero coupon securities reacts more quickly to changes in interest rates than do coupon bonds. Because interest income is accrued throughout the term of the zero coupon obligation, but it is not actually received until maturity, a fund may have to sell other securities to pay dividends from accrued interest income prior to the maturity of the zero coupon obligation.
Unlike regular U.S. Treasury bonds which pay semi-annual interest, U.S. Treasury zero coupon bonds do not generate semi-annual coupon payments. Instead, zero coupon bonds are purchased at a substantial discount from the maturity of such securities. The discount reflects the current value of the deferred interest and is amortized as interest income over the life of the securities; it is taxable even though there is no cash return until maturity.
Zero coupon U.S. Treasury issues originally were created by government bond dealers who bought U.S. Treasury bonds and issued receipts representing an ownership interest in the interest coupons or the principal portion of the bonds. Subsequently, the U.S. Treasury began directly issuing zero coupon bonds with the introduction of the Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS) program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the U.S. Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts separately.
While zero coupon bonds eliminate the reinvestment risk of regular coupon issues, i.e., the risk of subsequently investing the periodic interest payments at a lower rate than that of the security currently held, zero coupon bonds fluctuate much more sharply than regular coupon-bearing bonds. Thus, when interest rates rise, the value of zero coupon bonds will decrease to a greater extent than will the value of regular bonds having the same interest rate.
Temporary Defensive Investments. During unusual market conditions, Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund and Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund may make investments that are not exempt from state and local income taxes as a temporary defensive measure.
U.S. Government Securities are issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. Not all U.S. government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Some U.S. government securities, such as those issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), the Student Loan Marketing Association (Sallie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB), are supported by a line of credit the issuing entity has with the U.S. Treasury. Securities issued by other issuers are supported solely by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality such as obligations issued by the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to U.S. government securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under law. U.S. government securities, including U.S. Treasury securities, are among the safest securities; however, not unlike other debt securities, they are still sensitive to interest rate changes, which will cause their yields and prices to fluctuate.
In September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers and privileges of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and of any stockholder, officer or director of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with respect to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the assets of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement (SPA) with each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac pursuant to which the U.S. Treasury agreed to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of senior preferred stock with an aggregate initial liquidation preference of $1 billion and obtained warrants and options for the purchase of common stock of each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Under the SPAs as currently amended, the U.S. Treasury has pledged to provide financial support to a government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) in any quarter in which the GSE has a net worth deficit as defined in the respective SPA. Under the current arrangement, the GSEs have a maximum amount of funding available to them which will be reduced by any future draws. There is a risk that if a GSE experiences a loss in any fiscal quarter that results in the GSE having a negative net worth that is greater than the amount available under the U.S. Treasury’s funding commitment that the FHFA could place the GSE in receivership. In addition, each GSE may only retain a certain amount of its profits at the end of each fiscal quarter and the U.S. Treasury’s liquidation preference will increase in an amount equal to any increase in a GSE’s net worth up to a certain amount. The SPAs contain various covenants that severely limit each enterprise’s operations.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remain liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The SPAs are intended to enhance each of Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s ability to meet its obligations. The FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each enterprise will end when the director of the FHFA determines that the FHFA’s plan to restore the enterprise to a safe and solvent condition has been completed. Should Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac be taken out of conservatorship, it is unclear whether the U.S. Treasury would continue to enforce its rights or perform its obligations under the SPAs. It also is unclear how the capital structure of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac would be constructed
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post-conservatorship, and what effects, if any, the privatization of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will have on their creditworthiness and guarantees of certain mortgage-backed securities. Accordingly, should the FHFA take Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac out of conservatorship, there could be an adverse impact on the value of their securities which could cause a fund’s investments to lose value.
Although the risk of default with the U.S. government securities is considered unlikely, any default on the part of a portfolio investment could cause a fund’s share price or yield to fall. The risk of default on U.S. government securities may be heightened when there is uncertainty relating to negotiations in the U.S. Congress over increasing the statutory debt ceiling. If the U.S. Congress is unable to negotiate an increase to the statutory debt ceiling, the U.S. government may default on certain U.S. government securities including those held by a fund, which could have an adverse impact on a fund. In recent years, the long-term credit rating of the U.S. government was downgraded by a major rating agency as a result of concern about the U.S. government’s budget deficit and rising debt burden. Similar downgrades in the future could increase volatility in domestic and foreign financial markets, result in higher interest rates, lower prices of U.S. Treasury securities and increase the costs of different kinds of debt. Government spending in response to COVID-19 (as described herein) has increased and may further increase the U.S. government’s debt burden, which could heighten these associated risks. Although remote, it is at least theoretically possible that under certain scenarios the U.S. government could default on its debt, including U.S. Treasury securities.
U.S. Treasury Securities are obligations of the U.S. Treasury and include bills, notes and bonds. U.S. Treasury securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government.
Variable- and Floating-Rate Debt Securities pay an interest rate, which is adjusted either periodically or at specific intervals or which floats continuously according to a formula or benchmark. Although these structures generally are intended to minimize the fluctuations in value that occur when interest rates rise and fall, some structures may be linked to a benchmark in such a way as to cause greater volatility to the security’s value.
Some variable-rate securities may be combined with a put or demand feature (variable-rate demand securities) that entitles the holder to the right to demand repayment in full or to resell at a specific price and/or time. While the demand feature is intended to reduce credit risks, it is not always unconditional and may be subject to termination if the issuer’s credit rating falls below investment grade or if the issuer fails to make payments on other debt. While most variable-rate demand securities allow a fund to exercise its demand rights at any time, some such securities may only allow a fund to exercise its demand rights at certain times, which reduces the liquidity usually associated with this type of security. There may also be a period of time between when a fund exercises its demand rights and when the demand feature provider is obligated to pay. A fund could suffer losses in the event that the demand feature provider, usually a bank, fails to meet its obligation to pay the demand.
Certain variable- and floating-rate debt securities are subject to rates that are tied to an interest rate, such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). On March 5, 2021, the UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) publicly announced that (i) immediately after December 31, 2021, publication of the 1-week and 2-month U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will permanently cease; (ii) immediately after June 30, 2023, publication of the overnight and 12-month U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will permanently cease; and (iii) immediately after June 30, 2023, the 1-month, 3-month and 6-month U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings will cease to be provided or, subject to the FCA’s consideration of the case, be provided on a synthetic basis and no longer be representative of the underlying market and economic reality they are intended to measure and that representativeness will not be restored. There is no assurance that the dates announced by the FCA will not change or that the administrator of LIBOR and/or regulators will not take further action that could impact the availability, composition or characteristics of LIBOR or the currencies and/or tenors for which LIBOR is published. In addition, certain regulated entities ceased entering into most new LIBOR contracts in connection with regulatory guidance or prohibitions. Public and private sector industry initiatives are currently underway to implement new or alternative reference rates to be used in place of LIBOR. There is no assurance that any such alternative reference rate will be similar to or produce the same value or economic equivalence as LIBOR or that it will have the same volume or liquidity as did LIBOR prior to its discontinuance, unavailability or replacement, all of which may affect the value, volatility, liquidity or return on certain of the funds’ investments and result in costs incurred in connection with changing reference rates used for positions, closing out positions and entering into new trades. Certain of the funds’ investments may transition from LIBOR prior to the dates announced by the FCA. The transition from LIBOR to alternative reference rates may result in operational issues for a fund or its investments. No assurances can be given as to the impact of the LIBOR transition (and the timing of any such impact) on a fund and its investments. These risks may also apply with respect to changes in connection with other interbank offering rates (e.g., Euribor) and a wide range of other index levels, rates and values that are treated as “benchmarks” and are the subject of recent regulatory reform.
Synthetic variable- or floating-rate securities include tender option bond receipts. Tender option bond receipts are derived from fixed-rate municipal bonds that are placed in a trust that also contains a liquidity facility. The trust issues two classes of receipts, one of which is a synthetic variable-rate demand obligation and one of which is an inverse-rate long-term obligation; each obligation represents a proportionate interest in the underlying bonds. The remarketing agent for the trust sets a floating- or variable-rate on typically a weekly basis. The synthetic variable-rate demand obligations, or floater receipts, grant the investors (floater holders) the right to require the liquidity provider to purchase the receipts at par, on a periodic (e.g., daily, weekly or monthly) basis. The trust receives the interest income paid by the issuer of the underlying bonds and, after paying fees to the trustee, remarketing agent and liquidity provider, the remaining income is paid to the floater holders based on the prevailing market rate set by the remarketing agent and the remaining (or inverse) amount is paid to the long-term investor. The trust is collapsed prior to the maturity of the bonds and the receipt holders may participate in any gain realized from the sale of the bonds at that time. In the event of certain defaults or a significant downgrading in the credit rating assigned to the issuer of the bond, the liquidity facility
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provider may not be obligated to accept tendered floater receipts. In this event, the underlying bonds in the trust are priced for sale in the market and the proceeds are used to repay the floater and inverse receipt holders. If the receipt holders cannot be repaid in full from the sale of the underlying bonds then the bonds will be distributed to the receipt holders on a pro-rata basis, in which case the holders would anticipate a loss. Tender option bonds may be considered derivatives and are subject to the risk thereof.
The funds may invest in tender option bonds the interest on which will, in the opinion of bond counsel or counsel for the issuer of interests therein, be exempt from regular federal income tax. Tender option bond trust receipts generally are structured as private placements and, accordingly, may be deemed to be restricted securities for purposes of a fund’s investment limitations.
The funds may purchase certain variable-rate demand securities issued by closed-end municipal bond funds, which, in turn, invest primarily in portfolios of tax-exempt municipal bonds. The funds may invest in securities issued by single state or national closed-end municipal bond funds. It is anticipated that the interest on the variable-rate demand securities will be exempt from federal income tax and, with respect to any such securities issued by single state municipal bond funds, exempt from the applicable state’s income tax. The variable-rate demand securities will pay a variable dividend rate, determined weekly, typically through a remarketing process, and include a demand feature that provides a fund with a contractual right to tender the securities to a liquidity provider on at least seven (7) days notice. The funds will have the right to seek to enforce the liquidity provider’s contractual obligation to purchase the securities, but the funds could lose money if the liquidity provider fails to honor its obligation. The funds have no right to put the securities back to the closed-end municipal bond funds or demand payment or redemption directly from the closed-end municipal bond funds. Further, the variable-rate demand securities are not freely transferable and, therefore, the funds may only transfer the securities to another investor in compliance with certain exemptions under the 1933 Act, including Rule 144A.
A fund’s purchase of variable-rate demand securities issued by closed-end municipal bond funds will be subject to the restrictions set forth in the 1940 Act regarding investments in other investment companies.
INVESTMENT LIMITATIONS
The following investment limitations may be changed only by vote of a majority of each fund’s outstanding shares.
Schwab Government Money Fund and Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund may not:
(1)
Purchase securities of an issuer, except as consistent with the maintenance of its status as an open-end diversified company under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(2)
Concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as concentration is defined under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(3)
Purchase or sell commodities or real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(4)
Make loans to other persons, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(5)
Borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(6)
Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(7)
Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(8)
Purchase securities or make investments other than in accordance with its investment objectives and policies.
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund may not:
(1)
Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(2)
Purchase or sell commodities or real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(3)
Concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as concentration is defined under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(4)
Make loans to other persons, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(5)
Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
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(6)
Purchase securities of any issuer unless consistent with the maintenance of its status as a diversified company under the 1940 Act or the rules or regulations thereunder, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended from time to time.
(7)
Borrow money, except to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act or the rules or regulations thereunder, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended from time to time.
(8)
Purchase securities or make investments other than in accordance with its investment objective and policies.
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund and Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund may not:
(1)
Purchase securities of an issuer, except as consistent with the maintenance of its status as an open-end diversified company under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(2)
Concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as concentration is defined under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(3)
Purchase or sell commodities or real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(4)
Make loans to other persons, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(5)
Borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(6)
Underwrite securities issued by other persons, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(7)
Issue senior securities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
The following descriptions of the 1940 Act may assist investors in understanding the above fundamental policies and restrictions.
Diversification. Under the 1940 Act, a diversified fund, with respect to 75% of its total assets, may not purchase securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer or it would own more than 10% of such issuer’s outstanding voting securities. Money market funds that satisfy the applicable diversification requirements of Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act are deemed to satisfy the diversification requirements set forth above.
Borrowing. The 1940 Act presently restricts a fund from borrowing (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in excess of 33 ⅓% of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets).
Lending. Under the 1940 Act, a fund may only make loans if expressly permitted by its investment policies.
Concentration. The SEC presently defines concentration as investing 25% or more of a fund’s net assets in an industry or group of industries, with certain exceptions. Municipal securities are not deemed to be issued by an issuer from a single industry or group of industries.
Underwriting. Under the 1940 Act, underwriting securities involves a fund purchasing securities directly from an issuer for the purpose of selling (distributing) them or participating in any such activity either directly or indirectly. Under the 1940 Act, a diversified fund may not make any commitment as underwriter, if immediately thereafter the amount of its outstanding underwriting commitments, plus the value of its investments in securities of issuers (other than investment companies) of which it owns more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities, exceeds 25% of the value of its total assets.
Senior Securities. Senior securities may include any obligation or instrument issued by a fund evidencing indebtedness. The 1940 Act generally prohibits funds from issuing senior securities, although it provides allowances for certain borrowings and, under current regulatory guidance, certain other investments, such as short sales, reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements and standby commitments, with appropriate earmarking or segregation of assets to cover such obligations.
Real Estate. The 1940 Act does not directly restrict a fund’s ability to invest in real estate, but does require that every fund have a fundamental investment policy governing such investments. The funds have adopted a fundamental policy that would permit direct investment in real estate. However, the funds have a non-fundamental investment limitation that prohibits them from investing directly in real estate. This non-fundamental policy may be changed only by vote of the funds’ Board.
The following are non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions, and may be changed by the Board.
Each fund may not:
(1)
Purchase securities (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result of such purchase, 25% or more of the value of its total assets would be invested in any industry or group of industries.
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(2)
Purchase or sell commodities, commodity contracts or real estate, including interests in real estate limited partnerships, provided that the fund may (i) purchase securities of companies that deal in real estate or interests therein (including REITs), (ii) purchase or sell futures contracts, options contracts, equity index participations and index participation contracts, and (iii) purchase securities of companies that deal in precious metals or interests therein.
(3)
Purchase securities of other investment companies, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(4)
Lend any security or make any other loan if, as a result, more than 33 % of its total assets would be lent to other parties (this restriction does not apply to purchases of debt securities or repurchase agreements).
(5)
Borrow money except that the fund may (i) borrow money from banks or through an interfund lending facility, if any, only for temporary or emergency purposes (and not for leveraging) and (ii) engage in reverse repurchase agreements with any party; provided that (i) and (ii) in combination do not exceed 33 ⅓% of its total assets (any borrowings that come to exceed this amount will be reduced to the extent necessary to comply with the limitation within three business days).
(6)
Sell securities short unless it owns the security or the right to obtain the security or equivalent securities, or unless it covers such short sale as required by current SEC rules and interpretations (transactions in futures contracts, options and other derivative instruments are not considered selling securities short).
(7)
Purchase securities on margin, except such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities and provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts, options on futures or other derivative instruments shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin.
Policies and investment limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard shall be measured immediately after and as a result of a fund’s acquisition of such security or asset, unless otherwise noted. Except with respect to limitations on borrowing, any subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances does not require a fund to sell an investment if it could not then make the same investment.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUNDS
The funds are overseen by a Board of Trustees. The trustees are responsible for protecting shareholder interests. The trustees regularly meet to review the investment activities, contractual arrangements and the investment performance of each fund. The trustees met five times during the most recent fiscal year.
Certain trustees are “interested persons.” A trustee is considered an interested person (Interested Trustee) of the Trust under the 1940 Act if he or she is an officer, director, or an employee of Schwab Asset Management or Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab or the distributor). A trustee also may be considered an interested person of the Trust under the 1940 Act if he or she owns stock of The Charles Schwab Corporation (CSC), a publicly traded company and the parent company of Schwab Asset Management and Schwab.
As used herein, the terms “Fund Complex” and “Family of Investment Companies” each refer collectively to The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust which, as of April 28, 2022, included 103 funds. As used herein, the term “Schwab Funds” refers collectively to The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Schwab Capital Trust; and the term “Schwab ETFs” refers to Schwab Strategic Trust.
Each of the officers and/or trustees serves in the same capacity, unless otherwise noted, for The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust. The tables below provide information about the trustees and officers for the Trust, which includes the funds in this SAI. The address of each individual listed below is 211 Main Street, San Francisco, California 94105.
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Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served
(1))
Principal Occupations
During the Past Five Years
Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen by the
Trustee
Other Directorships During
the Past Five Years
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
Robert W. Burns
1959
Trustee
(Trustee of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009; The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2016)
Retired/Private Investor.
103
None
Nancy F. Heller
1956
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2018)
Retired.
103
None
David L. Mahoney
1954
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2011; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2016)
Private Investor.
103
Director (2004‑present),
Corcept Therapeutics Incorporated
Director (2009‑2021),
Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Director (2003‑2019),
Symantec Corporation
Jane P. Moncreiff
1961
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2019)
Consultant (2018-present), Fulham Advisers LLC (management consulting); Chief Investment Officer (2009-2017), CareGroup Healthcare System, Inc. (healthcare).
103
None
Kiran M. Patel
1948
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2011; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2016)
Retired.
103
Director (2008‑present),
KLA‑Tencor Corporation
Kimberly S. Patmore
1956
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2016)
Consultant (2008-present), Patmore Management Consulting (management consulting).
103
None
J. Derek Penn
1957
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2021)
Head of Equity Sales and Trading (2006 - 2018), BNY Mellon (financial services).
103
None
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Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served
(1))
Principal Occupations
During the Past Five Years
Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen by the
Trustee
Other Directorships During
the Past Five Years
INTERESTED TRUSTEES
Walter W. Bettinger II(2) 1960
Chairman and Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab Annuity Portfolios since 2008; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009; Laudus Trust since 2010)
Director and Chief Executive Officer (Oct. 2008-present) and President (Feb. 2007-Oct. 2021), The Charles Schwab Corporation; President and Chief Executive Officer (Oct. 2008-Oct. 2021) and Director (May 2008-Oct. 2021), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Director (Apr. 2006-present), Charles Schwab Bank, SSB; Director (Nov. 2017-present), Charles Schwab Premier Bank, SSB; Director (July 2019-present), Charles Schwab Trust Bank; Director (May 2008-present) and President and Chief Executive Officer (Aug. 2017-present), Schwab Holdings, Inc.; Director (Oct. 2020-present), TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation; Director (July 2016-Oct. 2021), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
103
Director (2008‑present),
The Charles Schwab Corporation
Joseph R. Martinetto(2)
1962
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2016)
Chief Operating Officer (Feb. 2018-present), The Charles Schwab Corporation; Senior Executive Vice President (July 2015-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Director (May 2007-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Director (Apr. 2010-Apr. 2020), Charles Schwab Bank, SSB; Director (Nov. 2017-Apr. 2020), Charles Schwab Premier Bank, SSB; Director (May 2007-Apr. 2020) and Senior Executive Vice President (Feb. 2016-present), Schwab Holdings, Inc; Director (Oct. 2020-present), TD Ameritrade Holding Corporation.
103
None
Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served
(3) )
Principal Occupations During the Past Five Years
OFFICERS
Jonathan de St. Paer
1973
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2018)
Director (Apr. 2019-present), President (Oct. 2018-present), Chief Operating Officer (Jan. 2020-present) and Chief Executive Officer (Apr. 2019-Nov. 2019), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Senior Vice President (June 2020-Mar. 2022) and Chief Operating Officer (Jan. 2020-Mar. 2022), Charles Schwab Investment Advisory, Inc.; Chief Executive Officer (Apr. 2019-present), President (Nov. 2018-present) and Trustee (Apr. 2019-Dec. 2020), Schwab Funds, Laudus Trust and Schwab ETFs; Director (Apr. 2019-Apr. 2022), Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds plc and Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited; Senior Vice President (Apr. 2019-present) and Senior Vice President – Strategy and Product Development (CSIM) (Jan. 2014-Mar. 2019), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Mark Fischer
1970
Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2013)
Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer (Jan. 2016-present) and Chief Operating Officer (Dec. 2020-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Trust and Schwab ETFs; Chief Financial Officer (Mar. 2020-present) and Vice President (Oct. 2013-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Director (July 2020-Apr. 2022), Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds plc and Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited.
Omar Aguilar
1970
Vice President and Chief Investment Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2011)
Chief Executive Officer (Jan. 2022-present), Chief Investment Officer (Apr. 2011-present) and Senior Vice President (Apr. 2011-Dec. 2021), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (June 2011-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Trust and Schwab ETFs.
Brett Wander
1961
Vice President and Chief Investment Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2011)
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (Apr. 2011-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (June 2011-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Trust and Schwab ETFs.
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Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served
(3) )
Principal Occupations During the Past Five Years
William P. McMahon, Jr.
1972
Vice President and Chief Investment Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2021)
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (Jan. 2020-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (June 2021-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Trust and Schwab ETFs; Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer - ThomasPartners Strategies (Apr. 2018-Dec. 2019), Charles Schwab Investment Advisory, Inc.; Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (May 2001-Apr. 2018), ThomasPartners, Inc.
Catherine MacGregor
1964
Chief Legal Officer and Secretary, Schwab Funds and Schwab ETFs Chief Legal Officer, Vice President and Clerk, Laudus Trust
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2005; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009)
Chief Legal Officer (Mar. 2022-present) and Vice President (Sept. 2005-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Vice President (July 2005-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Vice President (Dec. 2005-present) and Chief Legal Officer and Clerk (Mar. 2007-present), Laudus Trust; Chief Legal Officer and Secretary (Oct. 2021-present), Vice President (Nov. 2005-Oct. 2021) and Assistant Secretary (June 2007-Oct. 2021), Schwab Funds; Chief Legal Officer and Secretary (Oct. 2021-present), Vice President and Assistant Secretary (Oct. 2009-Oct. 2021), Schwab ETFs.
(1)
Each Trustee shall hold office until the election and qualification of his or her successor, or until he or she dies, resigns or is removed. The retirement policy requires that each independent trustee retire by December 31 of the year in which the Trustee turns 74 or the Trustee’s twentieth year of service as an independent trustee on any trust in the Fund Complex, whichever occurs first.
(2)
Mr. Bettinger and Mr. Martinetto are Interested Trustees. Mr. Bettinger is an Interested Trustee because he owns stock of CSC, the parent company of Schwab Asset Management, the investment adviser for the trusts in the Fund Complex, and is an employee of Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., the principal underwriter for The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust. Mr. Martinetto is an Interested Trustee because he owns stock of CSC and is an employee and director of Schwab.
(3)
The President, Treasurer and Secretary/Clerk hold office until their respective successors are chosen and qualified or until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. Each of the other officers serves at the pleasure of the Board.
Board Leadership Structure
The Chairman of the Board, Walter W. Bettinger II, is Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors of CSC and an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. The Board is comprised of a super-majority (75 percent) of trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust (i.e., independent trustees). The Trust does not have a single lead independent trustee. There are three primary committees of the Board: the Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee; the Governance Committee; and the Investment Oversight Committee. Each of the Committees is chaired by an independent trustee, and each Committee is currently comprised solely of independent trustees. The Committee chairs preside at Committee meetings, participate in formulating agendas for those meetings, and coordinate with management to serve as a liaison between the independent trustees and management on matters within the scope of the responsibilities of each Committee as set forth in its Board-approved charter. The Board has determined that this leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics and circumstances of the Trust. The Board made this determination in consideration of, among other things, the fact that the independent trustees of the Trust constitute a super-majority of the Board, the fact that Committee chairs are independent trustees, the number of funds (and classes) overseen by the Board, and the total number of trustees on the Board.
Board Oversight of Risk Management
Like most investment companies, fund management and its other service providers have responsibility for day-to-day risk management for the funds. The Board’s duties, as part of its risk oversight of the Trust, consist of monitoring risks identified during regular and special reports to the Committees of the Board, as well as regular and special reports to the full Board. In addition to monitoring such risks, the Committees and the Board oversee efforts of fund management and service providers to manage risks to which the funds of the Trust may be exposed. For example, the Investment Oversight Committee meets with portfolio managers and receives regular reports regarding investment risk and credit risk of a fund’s portfolio. The Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee meets with the funds’ Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Financial Officer and receives regular reports regarding compliance risks, operational risks and risks related to the valuation and liquidity of portfolio securities. From its review of these reports and discussions with management, each Committee receives information about the material risks of the funds of the Trust and about how management and service providers mitigate those risks, enabling the independent Committee chairs and other independent members of the Committees to discuss these risks with the full Board.
The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the funds can be identified nor can processes and controls be developed to eliminate or mitigate the occurrence or effects of certain risks; some risks are simply beyond the reasonable control of the funds, their management, and service providers. Although the risk oversight functions of the Board, and the risk management policies of fund management and fund service providers, are designed to be effective, there is no guarantee that they will eliminate or mitigate all risks. In addition, it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each fund’s investment objective. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the funds’ ability to manage risk is subject to significant limitations.
Individual Trustee Qualifications
The Board has concluded that each of the trustees should initially and continue to serve on the Board because of (i) his or her ability to review and understand information about the Trust provided to them by management, to identify and request other information they may deem relevant to the performance of their duties, to question management regarding material factors bearing on the management of the Trust, and to
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exercise their business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Trust’s shareholders and (ii) the trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes or skills as described below.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Bettinger should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained as president and chief executive officer of The Charles Schwab Corporation, his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry, and the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds since 2008, the Schwab ETFs since 2009, and the Laudus Trust since 2010.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Burns should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained as managing director of Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC (PIMCO) and president of PIMCO Funds as well as the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab ETFs since 2009, and his experience serving as chair of the Schwab ETFs’ Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee until December 2015.
The Board has concluded that Ms. Heller should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience she gained as president of TIAA Charitable and as senior managing director at TIAA, the experience she has gained serving on other non-public company boards and her knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Mahoney should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds and Laudus Trust since 2011, as co-chief executive officer of a healthcare services company, and his service on other public company boards.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Martinetto should serve as trustee of the Trust because of his experience serving as senior executive vice president, chief financial officer and chief operating officer of The Charles Schwab Corporation and Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
The Board has concluded that Ms. Moncreiff should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience she gained as chief investment officer of CareGroup Healthcare System, the experience she has gained serving on other non-public company boards and her knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Patel should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds and Laudus Trust since 2011, as executive vice president, general manager and chief financial officer of a software company, his service on other public company boards, and his experience serving as chair of the Schwab Funds’ and Laudus Trust’s Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee.
The Board has concluded that Ms. Patmore should serve as trustee of the Trust because of her experience serving as chief financial officer and executive vice president of First Data Payment Business and First Data Corporation, as well as her knowledge of and experience in management consulting.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Penn should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained as head of equity sales and trading of BNY Mellon and his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry.
Trustee Committees
The Board has established certain committees and adopted Committee charters with respect to those committees, each as described below:
The Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee reviews the integrity of the Trust’s financial reporting processes and compliance policies, procedures and processes, and the Trust’s overall system of internal controls. The Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee also reviews and evaluates the qualifications, independence and performance of the Trust’s independent auditors, and the implementation and operation of the Trust’s valuation policy and procedures. This Committee is comprised of at least three independent trustees and currently has the following members: Kiran M. Patel (Chair), Kimberly S. Patmore and J. Derek Penn. The Committee met four times during the most recent fiscal year.
The Governance Committee reviews and makes recommendations to the Board regarding Trust governance-related matters, including but not limited to Board compensation practices, retirement policies and term limits, Board self-evaluations, the effectiveness and allocation of assignments and functions by the Board, the composition of Committees of the Board, and the training of trustees. The Governance Committee is responsible for selecting and nominating candidates to serve as trustees. The Governance Committee does not have a written policy with respect to consideration of candidates for trustee submitted by shareholders. However, if the Governance Committee determined that it would be in the best interests of the Trust to fill a vacancy on the Board, and a shareholder submitted a candidate for consideration by the Board to fill the vacancy, the Governance Committee would evaluate that candidate in the same manner as it evaluates nominees identified by the Governance Committee. Nominee recommendations may be submitted to the Secretary of the Trust at the Trust’s principal business address. This Committee is comprised of at least three independent trustees and currently has the following members: David L. Mahoney (Chair), Robert W. Burns and Kimberly S. Patmore. The Committee met five times during the most recent fiscal year.
The Investment Oversight Committee reviews the investment activities of the Trust and the performance of the funds’ investment adviser. This Committee is comprised of at least three trustees (at least two-thirds of whom shall be independent trustees) and currently has the following members: Jane P. Moncreiff (Chair), Robert W. Burns, Nancy F. Heller and David L. Mahoney. The Committee met five times during the most recent fiscal year.
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Trustee Compensation
The following table provides trustee compensation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, earned with respect to the funds in this SAI and the Fund Complex.
Name of Trustee
Aggregate Compensation
from the Funds in this SAI
Pension or Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses
Total Compensation from the Funds
and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees
INTERESTED TRUSTEES
Walter W. Bettinger II None
N/A
None
Joseph R. Martinetto None
N/A
None
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
Robert W. Burns $ 53,691
N/A
$ 334,000
John F. Cogan(1) $ 56,572
N/A
$ 352,000
Nancy F. Heller $ 53,407
N/A
$ 332,000
David L. Mahoney $ 53,691
N/A
$ 334,000
Jane P. Moncreiff $ 56,622
N/A
$ 352,000
Kiran M. Patel $ 56,288
N/A
$ 350,000
Kimberly S. Patmore $ 53,357
N/A
$ 332,000
J. Derek Penn(2) $ 28,714
N/A
$ 192,500
(1)
Mr. Cogan retired from the Board effective December 31, 2021.
(2)
Mr. Penn joined the Board effective June 1, 2021.
Securities Beneficially Owned by Each Trustee
The following table provides each trustee’s equity ownership of the funds and ownership of all registered investment companies overseen by each trustee in the Family of Investment Companies as of December 31, 2021.
Name of Trustee
Dollar Range of Trustee Ownership of the Funds Included in the SAI
Aggregate Dollar Range of
Trustee Ownership in the Family
of Investment Companies
INTERESTED TRUSTEES
Walter W. Bettinger II
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
Over $100,000
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
Joseph R. Martinetto
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
Over $100,000
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
Robert W. Burns
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
Over $100,000
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
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Name of Trustee
Dollar Range of Trustee Ownership of the Funds Included in the SAI
Aggregate Dollar Range of
Trustee Ownership in the Family
of Investment Companies
Nancy F. Heller
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
None
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
David L. Mahoney
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
None
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
Jane P. Moncreiff
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
None
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
Kiran M. Patel
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
None
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
Kimberly S. Patmore
Over $100,000
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
None
Schwab Government Money Fund
$50,001-$100,000
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
J. Derek Penn(1)
None
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
None
Schwab Government Money Fund
None
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
None
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
None
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
None
(1)
Mr. Penn joined the Board effective June 1, 2021.
As of December 31, 2021, none of the independent trustees or their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any securities of Schwab Asset Management or Schwab, or any sub-advisers or the distributor of the funds, or in a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with Schwab Asset Management or Schwab or any sub-advisers or the distributor of the funds.
Deferred Compensation Plan
Independent trustees may enter into a fee deferral plan. Under this plan, deferred fees will be credited to an account established by the Trust as of the date that such fees would have been paid to the trustee. The value of this account will equal the value that the account would have if the fees credited to the account had been invested in the shares of Schwab Funds selected by the trustee. Currently, none of the independent trustees has elected to participate in this plan.
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Code of Ethics
The funds, the investment adviser and Schwab have adopted a Code of Ethics as required under the 1940 Act. Subject to certain conditions or restrictions, the Code of Ethics permits the trustees, directors, officers or advisory representatives of the funds or the investment adviser or the directors or officers of Schwab to buy or sell directly or indirectly securities for their own accounts. This includes securities that may be purchased or held by the funds. Securities transactions by some of these individuals may be subject to prior approval of the investment adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer or alternate. Most securities transactions are subject to quarterly reporting and review requirements.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of March 31, 2022, the officers and trustees of the Trust, as a group owned, of record or beneficially, less than 1% of the outstanding voting securities of each fund.
As of March 31, 2022, the following persons or entities owned, of record or beneficially, 5% or more of the outstanding voting securities of any class of each fund (a shareholder’s or an entity’s address will be listed once at the first mention and not repeated for future entries):
Fund
Name and Address
Percentage of
Ownership
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund 
Investor Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105‑1905
99.07 %
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund 
Ultra Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
99.56 %
Schwab Government Money Fund 
Sweep Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
100 %
Schwab Government Money Fund 
Investor Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
96.81 %
Schwab Government Money Fund 
Ultra Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
99.24 %
Schwab Charitable Fund
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
44.27 %(1)
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund 
Investor Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
97.98 %
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund 
Ultra Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
98.51 %
Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma
1802 Chukka Hina
Durant, OK 74701‑0000
12.53 %(1)
Craig Newmark Foundation
222 Sutter Street, Floor 9
San Francisco, CA 94108‑4460
6.27 %(1)
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Fund
Name and Address
Percentage of
Ownership
Schwab Retirement Government
Money Fund
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
36.34 %
Charles Schwab Trust Bank
Omnibus Account
Enhanced Revenue SDE
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
35.82 %(1)
Ascensus FBO American Century
Kansas Postsecondary Education
Savings Program
Attn: SSB&T Custodian
Fund 693
4500 Main Street
Kansas City, MO 64111‑7709
14.13 %
Ascensus FBO American Century
Kansas Postsecondary Education
Savings Program
Attn: SSB&T Custodian
Fund 698
5.21 %
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund 
Investor Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
97.87 %
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund 
Ultra Shares
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
FBO Customers
Attn: Schwab Funds Team N
96.95 %
(1)
These shares are held within the Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. account listed elsewhere in the table.
Persons who beneficially own more than 25% of a fund may be deemed to control the fund. As a result, it may not be possible for matters subject to a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such fund to be approved without the affirmative vote of such shareholder, and it may be possible for such matters to be approved by such shareholder without the affirmative vote of any other shareholder.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
Investment Adviser
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dba Schwab Asset Management, a wholly owned subsidiary of CSC, 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105, serves as each fund’s investment adviser and administrator pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Administration Agreement (Advisory Agreement) between it and the Trust. Schwab is an affiliate of Schwab Asset Management and is the Trust’s distributor. Charles R. Schwab is the founder, Chairman and Director of CSC. As a result of his ownership of and interests in CSC, Mr. Schwab may be deemed to be a controlling person of Schwab Asset Management and Schwab.
Advisory Agreement
The continuation of a fund’s Advisory Agreement must be specifically approved at least annually (1) by the vote of the trustees or by a vote of the shareholders of the fund, and (2) by the vote of a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the investment advisory agreement or “interested persons” of any party (independent trustees), cast in person, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
Each year, the Board calls and holds a meeting to decide whether to renew the Advisory Agreement between the Trust and Schwab Asset Management with respect to existing funds in the Trust. In preparation for the meeting, the Board requests and reviews a wide variety of materials provided by Schwab Asset Management, as well as extensive data provided by third parties, and the independent trustees receive advice from counsel to the independent trustees.
Effective September 24, 2020, for its advisory and administrative services to each fund, Schwab Asset Management is entitled to receive an annual fee payable monthly, equal to 0.19% of each fund’s average daily net assets. Prior to September 24, 2020, for its advisory and administrative services to each fund, Schwab Asset Management was entitled to receive a graduated annual fee payable monthly based on each fund’s average daily net assets as described below.
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Average Daily Net Assets
Fee
First $1 billion 0.35%
More than $1 billion but not exceeding $10 billion 0.32%
More than $10 billion but not exceeding $20 billion 0.30%
More than $20 billion but not exceeding $40 billion 0.27%
More than $40 billion 0.25%
The following table shows the net advisory fees paid by each fund and gross fees reduced by each fund for the past three fiscal years. The figures in the “net fees paid” row represent the actual amounts paid to the Schwab Asset Management, which include the effect of any reductions due to the application of a fund’s contractual expense limitation agreement. The figures in the “gross fees reduced by” row represent the amount, if any, the advisory fees payable to Schwab Asset Management were reduced due to the application of a fund’s contractual expense limitation agreement.
Fund
2021
2020
2019
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund
Net fees paid: $ 152,039,642 $ 211,404,679 $ 184,323,969
Gross fees reduced by: $ 2,402,127 $ 61,381,281 $ 85,734,958
Schwab Government Money Fund
Net fees paid: $ 61,435,215 $ 85,258,661 $ 70,266,502
Gross fees reduced by: $ 216,605 $ 24,566 $ 0
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund
Net fees paid: $ 15,629,887 $ 33,032,106 $ 31,050,758
Gross fees reduced by: $ 230,351 $ 51,657 $ 0
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund
Net fees paid: $ 3,025,480 $ 4,141,557 $ 3,029,944
Gross fees reduced by: $ 289,897 $ 2,812,708 $ 2,893,935
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund
Net fees paid: $ 21,465,004 $ 43,001,114 $ 18,018,888
Gross fees reduced by: $ 283,942 $ 57,702 $ 0
Effective September 24, 2020, Schwab Asset Management and its affiliates have agreed to limit the total annual fund operating expenses (excluding interest, taxes and certain non-routine expenses) of each fund below as follows for so long as Schwab Asset Management serves as the adviser to the fund (a contractual expense limitation agreement). Schwab Asset Management and/or its affiliates also may, if applicable, voluntarily waive and/or reimburse expenses in excess of their current fee waiver and reimbursement commitment to the extent necessary to maintain a non-negative net yield for each fund (the voluntary yield waiver). The voluntary yield waiver cannot be recaptured by Schwab Asset Management and/or its affiliates.
Fund
Expense Cap
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.34%
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.19%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Sweep Shares 0.44%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.34%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.19%
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.34%
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.19%
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund 0.19%
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.34%
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.19%
From October 3, 2017 to September 24, 2020, Schwab Asset Management and its affiliates had agreed to limit the total annual fund operating expenses (excluding interest, taxes, and certain non-routine expenses) of each fund below as follows (a contractual expense limitation agreement).
Fund
Expense Cap
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.35%
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.19%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Sweep Shares 0.70%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.35%
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.35%
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Fund
Expense Cap
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund 0.19%
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.35%
A fund’s contractual expense limitation agreement may only be amended or terminated with the approval of the fund’s Board. The contractual expense limitation agreement is applied prior to and without regard to the voluntary yield waiver and may not be recaptured by Schwab Asset Management and/or its affiliates. A contractual expense limitation agreement, where applicable, is not intended to cover all fund expenses, and a fund’s expenses may exceed the amount of the expense limitation set forth in a contractual expense limitation agreement. For example, the contractual expense limitation agreement does not cover investment-related expenses, such as brokerage commissions, interest, taxes and the fees and expenses of pooled investment vehicles, such as other investment companies, nor does it cover extraordinary or non-routine expenses, if any, such as shareholder meeting costs.
Distributor
Pursuant to a Second Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement between Schwab and the Trust, Schwab, located at 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105, is the principal underwriter for shares of the funds and is the Trust’s agent for the purpose of the continuous offering of the funds’ shares. The funds pay for prospectuses and shareholder reports to be prepared and delivered to existing shareholders. Schwab pays such costs when the described materials are used in connection with the offering of shares to prospective investors and for supplemental sales literature and advertising. Schwab receives no fee under the Distribution Agreement; however, as described below in “Payments to Financial Intermediaries,” Schwab Asset Management compensates Schwab, in its capacity as a financial intermediary and not in its capacity as distributor and principal underwriter for the funds, for providing certain additional services that may be deemed to be distribution-related.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
Schwab Asset Management and its affiliates make payments to certain broker-dealers, banks, trust companies, insurance companies, retirement plan service providers, consultants and other financial intermediaries (Intermediaries) for services and expenses incurred in connection with certain activities or services which may educate financial advisors or facilitate, directly or indirectly, investment in the funds and other investment companies advised by Schwab Asset Management, including the Schwab ETFs. These payments are made by Schwab Asset Management or its affiliates at their own expense, and not from the assets of the funds. Although a portion of Schwab Asset Management’s and its affiliates’ revenue comes directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the funds, these payments do not increase the expenses paid by investors for the purchase of fund shares, or the cost of owning a fund.
These payments may relate to educational efforts regarding the funds, or for other activities, such as marketing and/or fund promotion activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, data analytics and support, or the development and support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems. In addition, Schwab Asset Management or its affiliates make payments to certain Intermediaries that make shares of the funds available to their customers or otherwise promote the funds, which may include Intermediaries that allow customers to buy and sell fund shares without paying a commission or other transaction charge. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as revenue-sharing or marketing support.
Payments made to Intermediaries may be significant and may cause an Intermediary to make decisions about which investment options it will recommend or make available to its clients or what services to provide for various products based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive. As a result, these payments could create conflicts of interest between an Intermediary and its clients and these financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend the funds over other investments.
As of April 28, 2022, Schwab Asset Management anticipates that Envestnet Asset Management, Inc., E*TRADE Securities LLC, Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC/National Financial Services LLC, Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company, Minnesota Life Insurance Company, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC, Principal Life Insurance Company and Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America will receive these payments. Schwab Asset Management may enter into similar agreements with other FINRA member firms (or their affiliates) in the future. In addition to member firms of FINRA, Schwab Asset Management and its affiliates may also make these payments to certain other financial intermediaries, such as banks, trust companies, insurance companies, and plan administrators and consultants that sell fund shares or provide services to the funds and their shareholders. These firms may not be included in this list. You should ask your financial intermediary if it receives such payments.
Schwab Asset Management also makes payments to Schwab for certain administrative, professional and support services provided by Schwab, in its capacity as an affiliated financial intermediary and not as distributor and principal underwriter of the funds. These payments reimburse Schwab for its charges, costs and expenses of providing Schwab personnel to perform marketing and sales activities under the direction of Schwab Asset Management, such as sales lead generation and sales support, assistance with public relations, marketing and/or advertising activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, and data analytics and support. Payments also are made by Schwab Asset Management to Schwab for Schwab Asset Management’s allocated costs of general corporate services provided by Schwab, such as human resources, facilities, project management support and technology.
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Shareholder Servicing and Sweep Administration Plan
The Trust’s Board has adopted an amended Shareholder Servicing and Sweep Administration Plan (the Plan) on behalf of the funds of the Trust. The Plan enables the funds to bear expenses relating to the provision by financial intermediaries, including Schwab (together, service providers), of certain shareholder services to the current shareholders of the funds. Pursuant to the Plan, each fund is subject to an annual shareholder servicing fee, up to the amount set forth below:
Fund
Shareholder Servicing Fee
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.15%
Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.00%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Sweep Shares 0.15%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.15%
Schwab Government Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.00%
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.15%
Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.00%
Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund 0.00%
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund – Investor Shares 0.15%
Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund – Ultra Shares 0.00%
Pursuant to the Plan, the funds may pay service providers (including Schwab) that, pursuant to written agreements with Schwab or the Trust, provide certain account maintenance, customer liaison and shareholder services to fund shareholders. The service providers may provide fund shareholders with the following shareholder services, among other shareholder services: (i) maintaining records for shareholders that hold shares of a fund; (ii) communicating with shareholders, including the mailing of regular statements and confirmation statements, distributing fund-related materials, mailing prospectuses and reports to shareholders, and responding to shareholder inquiries; (iii) communicating and processing shareholder purchase, redemption and exchange orders; (iv) communicating mergers, splits or other reorganization activities to fund shareholders; and (v) preparing and filing tax information, returns and reports.
The shareholder servicing fee paid to a particular service provider is calculated at the annual rate set forth in the chart above and is based on the average daily net asset value of the fund shares owned by shareholders holding shares through such service provider. Payments under the Plan are made as described above without regard to whether the fee is more or less than the service provider’s actual cost of providing the services, and if more, such excess may be retained as profit by the service provider.
Pursuant to the Plan, Schwab Government Money Fund may pay Schwab for certain administration services it provides to fund shareholders invested in its Sweep Shares. Schwab may provide fund shareholders with the following sweep administration services, among other sweep administration services: processing of automatic purchases and redemptions. Pursuant to the Plan, Sweep Shares of the Schwab Government Money Fund are subject to an annual sweep administration fee, up to the amount set forth below:
Fund
Sweep Administration Fee
Schwab Government Money Fund – Sweep Shares 0.10%
The sweep administration fee paid to Schwab is calculated at the annual rate set forth in the chart above and is based on the average daily net asset value of the fund (or class) shares owned by shareholders holding shares through Schwab. Payments under the Plan are made as described above regardless of Schwab’s actual cost of providing the administration services. If the cost of providing the administration services under the Plan is less than the payments received, the unexpended portion of the sweep administration fees may be retained as profit by Schwab. In the event Schwab discontinues the sweep administration services it provides to fund shareholders in the Sweep Shares in their entirety, it will not continue to collect the Sweep Administration Fee.
The Plan shall continue in effect for a fund for so long as its continuance is specifically approved at least annually by a vote of the majority of both (i) the Board of Trustees of the Trust and (ii) the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to it (the Qualified Trustees). The Plan requires that Schwab or any person authorized to direct the disposition of monies paid or payable by the funds pursuant to the Plan furnish quarterly written reports of amounts spent under the Plan and the purposes of such expenditures to the Board of Trustees of the Trust for review. All material amendments to the Plan must be approved by votes of the majority of both (i) the Board of Trustees and (ii) the Qualified Trustees.
Transfer Agent
BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581, serves as the funds’ transfer agent. As part of these services, the firm maintains records pertaining to the sale, redemption and transfer of the funds’ shares.
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Custodian and Fund Accountant
State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111, serves as custodian and fund accountant for the funds.
The custodian is responsible for the daily safekeeping of securities and cash held by the funds. The fund accountant maintains the books and records related to each fund’s transactions.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP (Deloitte), 1601 Wewatta Street, Suite 400, Denver, CO 80202, audits and reports on the annual financial statements of the funds and reviews certain regulatory reports. Deloitte or one of its affiliates also reviews each fund’s federal income tax returns and performs other professional, accounting, auditing, tax and advisory services when engaged to do so by the Trust.
Other Expenses
The funds pay other expenses that typically are connected with the Trust’s operations, and include legal, audit and custodian fees, as well as the costs of accounting and registration of the funds. Expenses not directly attributable to a particular fund will generally be allocated among the funds in the Trust on the basis of each fund’s relative net assets at the time the expense is incurred.
Securities Lending Activities
As of the most recent fiscal year-end, the funds had not entered into a contract with a securities lending agent and were not engaged in securities lending.
BROKERAGE ALLOCATION AND OTHER PRACTICES
Portfolio Turnover
Because securities with maturities of less than one year are excluded from required portfolio turnover rate calculations, the funds’ portfolio turnover rate for reporting purposes is expected to be near zero.
Portfolio Transactions
The investment adviser makes decisions with respect to the purchase and sale of portfolio securities on behalf of the funds. The investment adviser is responsible for implementing these decisions, including the negotiation of commissions and the allocation of principal business and portfolio brokerage. A fund generally does not incur any commissions or sales charges when it invests in underlying Schwab Funds, but it may incur such costs if it invests directly in other types of securities or in unaffiliated funds. Purchases and sales of securities on a stock exchange, including ETF shares, or certain riskless principal transactions placed on NASDAQ are typically effected through brokers who charge a commission for their services. Exchange fees may also apply to transactions effected on an exchange. Purchases and sales of fixed-income securities may be transacted with the issuer, the issuer’s underwriter, or a dealer. The funds do not usually pay brokerage commissions on purchases and sales of fixed-income securities, although the price of the securities generally includes compensation, in the form of a spread or a mark-up or mark-down, which is not disclosed separately. The prices the funds pay to underwriters of newly-issued securities usually include a commission paid by the issuer to the underwriter. Transactions placed through dealers who are serving as primary market makers reflect the spread between the bid and asked prices. The money market securities in which certain of the funds may invest are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes. It is expected that the cost of executing portfolio securities transactions of the funds will primarily consist of dealer spreads and brokerage commissions.
The investment adviser seeks to obtain best execution for each fund’s portfolio transactions. The investment adviser considers commission rates along with a number of factors relating to the quality of execution. Considered factors may cover the full range and quality of a broker’s service, including, without limitation, value provided, execution capability, commission rate, financial responsibility and responsiveness to the investment adviser. The investment adviser may also consider brokerage and research services provided by the broker. The investment adviser does not take into consideration fund sales when selecting a broker to effect a portfolio transaction; however, the investment adviser may execute through brokers that sell shares of funds advised by the investment adviser.
The investment adviser generally will not enter into soft-dollar arrangements with brokers to obtain third-party research or other services in exchange for brokerage commissions paid by advised accounts. However, the investment adviser does receive various forms of eligible proprietary research that is bundled with brokerage services at no additional cost from certain of the brokers with whom the investment adviser executes equity or fixed-income trades. These services or products may include: company financial data and economic data (e.g., unemployment, inflation rates and GDP figures), stock quotes, last sale prices and trading volumes, research reports analyzing the performance of a particular company or stock, access to websites that contain data about various securities markets, narrowly distributed trade magazines or technical
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journals covering specific industries, products, or issuers, seminars or conferences registration fees which provide substantive content relating to eligible research, discussions with research analysts or meetings with corporate executives which provide a means of obtaining oral advice on securities, markets or particular issuers, short-term custody related to effecting particular transactions and clearance and settlement of those trades, lines between the broker-dealer and order management systems operated by a third party vendor, dedicated lines between the broker-dealer and the investment adviser’s order management system, dedicated lines providing direct dial-up service between the investment adviser and the trading desk at the broker-dealer, and message services used to transmit orders to broker-dealers for execution.
The investment adviser does not currently cause a fund to pay a higher commission in return for brokerage or research services or products to obtain research or other products or services. If the investment adviser elected to do so, it would receive a benefit because it would not have to produce or pay for the research, products or services. Consequently, this may create an incentive for the investment adviser to select or recommend a broker-dealer based on its interest in receiving the research or other products or services.
The investment adviser may purchase new issues of securities for the funds in a fixed price offering. In these situations, the seller may be a member of the selling group that will, in addition to selling securities, provide the investment adviser with research services, in accordance with applicable rules and regulations permitting these types of arrangements.
The investment adviser may place orders directly with electronic communications networks or other alternative trading systems. Placing orders with electronic communications networks or other alternative trading systems may enable a fund to trade directly with other institutional holders. At times, this may allow a fund to trade larger blocks than would be possible trading through a single market maker.
In determining when and to what extent to use Schwab or any other affiliated broker-dealer as its broker for executing orders for the funds, the investment adviser follows procedures, adopted by the Board, that are designed to ensure that affiliated brokerage commissions (if relevant) are reasonable and fair in comparison to unaffiliated brokerage commissions for comparable transactions.
In certain market circumstances, the investment adviser may determine that its clients, which include registered investment companies and other advisory clients, are best served by placing one order on behalf of several of them. The investment adviser will not aggregate transactions if it determines that to do so (i) would be unfair or inequitable in the circumstances; (ii) is impractical; or (iii) is otherwise inappropriate in the circumstances. The funds may pay higher brokerage costs or otherwise receive less favorable prices or execution if the investment adviser does not aggregate trades when it has an opportunity to do so.
The investment adviser’s aggregation and allocation guidelines are intended to ensure that trade allocations are timely, that no set of trade allocations is accomplished to unfairly advantage or disadvantage particular clients or types of clients and that, over time, client accounts are treated fairly and equitably, even though a specific trade may have the effect of benefiting one account against another when viewed in isolation. In connection with the aggregation of purchase and sale orders for two or more client accounts, the following requirements must be met:
(1)
The investment adviser shall not receive additional compensation or remuneration of any kind as a result of aggregating transactions for clients.
(2)
The investment adviser, for each client, must determine that the purchase or sale of each particular security involved is appropriate for the client and consistent with its investment objectives and its investment guidelines or restrictions.
(3)
Each client that participates in a block trade will participate at the average security price with all transaction costs shared on a pro-rata basis.
(4)
Client account information at the investment adviser must separately reflect the securities that have been bought, sold and held for each client.
The investment adviser portfolio management personnel are responsible for placing orders for fixed-income securities transactions with broker-dealers. When orders for the same security for different client accounts are aggregated, they are generally allocated after execution because fixed-income transactions are typically conducted in individually negotiated transactions. For money market fund accounts, allocations among similar client accounts are determined with the general purpose of achieving, as nearly as possible, performance characteristic parity among such accounts over time. Similar money market fund accounts furthest from achieving performance characteristic parity typically receive priority in allocations. In addition to performance (gross yield), factors considered may include, but are not limited to: (i) capacity available for a particular name or sector; (ii) cash flow/liquidity; (iii) management of maturities; and (iv) weighted average maturity (or weighted average life). Allocations among dissimilar money market fund accounts are generally pro rata, subject to adjustments to accommodate specific investment guidelines and portfolio characteristics of client accounts. Additional factors considered may include, but are not limited to: (i) the factors set forth for similar client accounts; (ii) alternative minimum tax; (iii) issuing state; and (iv) tax exempt versus taxable income status. The investment adviser portfolio managers may give priority to a particular fund in circumstances where it is necessary to meet that fund’s investment objective.
Brokerage Commissions
During the last three fiscal years, the funds paid no brokerage commissions.
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Regular Broker-Dealers
During the fiscal year, the funds held securities issued by their respective “regular broker-dealers” ​(as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act), indicated below as of December 31, 2021.
Fund
Regular Broker-Dealer
Value of Holdings
Schwab Value Advantage
Money Fund
RBC Dominion Securities Inc. / Royal Bank of Canada $ 733,000,000
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC $ 260,874,840
BofA Securities, Inc. $ 245,000,000
Schwab Government
Money Fund
None N/A
Schwab Treasury Obligations
Money Fund
None N/A
Schwab Retirement Government
Money Fund
None N/A
Schwab U.S. Treasury
Money Fund
None N/A
PROXY VOTING
The Board has delegated the responsibility for voting proxies to Schwab Asset Management, pursuant to the investment adviser’s Proxy Voting Policy with respect to proxies voted on behalf of the various Schwab Funds’ portfolios. A description of such Proxy Voting Policy is included in Appendix – Proxy Voting Policy.
The Trust is required to disclose annually a fund’s complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX. A fund’s proxy voting record for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30th is available by visiting the Schwab Funds’ website at www.schwabassetmanagement.com/schwabfunds_prospectus. A fund’s Form N-PX will also be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE
For this section only, the following disclosure relates to The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust (collectively, the Trusts) and each series thereunder (each a fund and collectively, the funds).
The Trusts’ Board has approved policies and procedures that govern the timing and circumstances regarding the disclosure of fund portfolio holdings information to shareholders and third parties. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that disclosure of information regarding the funds’ portfolio securities is in the best interests of fund shareholders, and include procedures to address conflicts between the interests of the funds’ shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the funds’ investment adviser, subadviser (if applicable), principal underwriter or any affiliated person of a fund, its investment adviser, subadviser or principal underwriter, on the other. Pursuant to such procedures, the Board has authorized one of the President, Chief Operating Officer or Chief Financial Officer of the Trusts (in consultation with a fund’s subadviser, if applicable) to authorize the release of the funds’ portfolio holdings prior to regular public disclosure (as outlined in the prospectus and below) or regular public filings, as necessary, in conformity with the foregoing principles.
The Board exercises on-going oversight of the disclosure of fund portfolio holdings by overseeing the implementation and enforcement of the funds’ policies and procedures by the Chief Compliance Officer and by considering reports and recommendations by the Chief Compliance Officer concerning any material compliance matters. The Board will receive periodic updates, at least annually, regarding entities which were authorized to be provided “early disclosure” of the funds’ portfolio holdings information and will periodically review any agreements that the Trusts have entered into to selectively disclose portfolio holdings.
Portfolio holdings may be made available on a selective basis to ratings agencies, certain industry organizations, consultants and other qualified financial professionals when the appropriate officer of the Trusts determines such disclosure meets the requirements noted above and serves a legitimate business purpose. Agreements entered into with such entities will describe the permitted use of portfolio holdings and provide that, among other customary confidentiality provisions: (i) the portfolio holdings will be kept confidential; (ii) the person will not trade on the basis of any material non-public information; and (iii) the information will be used only for the purpose described in the agreement.
The funds’ service providers including, without limitation, the investment adviser, subadvisers (if applicable), the distributor, the custodian, fund accountant, transfer agent, certain affiliates of the investment adviser, counsel, auditor, proxy voting service provider, pricing information vendors, trade execution measurement vendors, portfolio management system providers, cloud database providers, securities lending agents, publisher, printer and mailing agent may receive disclosure of portfolio holdings information as frequently as daily in connection with the services they perform for the funds. Schwab Asset Management, any subadviser to a fund as disclosed in the most current prospectus, Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC, State Street and/or Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., as service providers to the funds, are currently receiving this information on
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a daily basis. Donnelley Financial Solutions, as a service provider to the funds, is currently receiving this information on a quarterly basis. Deloitte, the Transfer Agent, and the Distributor, as service providers to the funds, receive this information on an as-needed basis. Service providers are subject to a duty of confidentiality with respect to any portfolio holdings information they receive whether imposed by the confidentiality provisions of the service providers’ agreements with the Trusts or by the nature of its relationship with the Trusts. Although certain of the service providers are not under formal confidentiality obligations in connection with disclosure of portfolio holdings, a fund will not continue to conduct business with a service provider who the fund believes is misusing the disclosed information.
To the extent that a fund invests in an unaffiliated acquired fund, the Trusts will, when required by Rule 12d1-4, promptly notify the acquired fund, upon causing a fund to acquire more than 3% of the acquired fund’s outstanding shares.
The funds’ policies and procedures prohibit the funds, the funds’ investment adviser or any related party from receiving any compensation or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information.
Generally, a complete list of a fund’s portfolio holdings is published on the fund’s website www.schwabassetmanagement.com on the “Prospectus & Reports” tab under “Portfolio Holdings” generally 60-80 days after a fund’s fiscal quarter-end in-line with regulatory filings unless a different timing is outlined in the fund’s prospectus.
Specifically for the Schwab ETFs, each Schwab ETF discloses its portfolio holdings and the percentages the holdings represent of the fund’s net assets at least monthly on the website and as often as each day the fund is open for business. Portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the process of purchasing or redeeming Creation Units for the Schwab ETFs may be provided to other entities that provided services to the funds in the ordinary course of business after it has been disseminated to the NSCC.
The Schwab Money Funds have an ongoing arrangement to make available information about the funds’ portfolio holdings and information derived from the funds’ portfolio holdings to iMoneyNet, a rating and ranking organization, which is subject to a confidentiality agreement. Under its arrangement with the funds, iMoneyNet, among other things, receives information concerning the funds’ net assets, yields, maturities and portfolio compositions on a weekly basis, subject to a one business day lag.
On the website, the funds also may provide, on a monthly or quarterly basis, information regarding certain attributes of a fund’s portfolio, such as a fund’s top ten holdings, sector weightings, composition, credit quality and duration and maturity, as applicable. This information is generally updated within 5-25 days after the end of the period. This information on the website is publicly available to all categories of persons.
The funds may disclose non-material information including commentary and aggregate information about the characteristics of a fund in connection with or relating to a fund or its portfolio securities to any person if such disclosure is for a legitimate business purpose, such disclosure does not effectively result in the disclosure of the complete portfolio securities of any fund (which can only be disclosed in accordance with the above requirements), and such information does not constitute material non-public information. Such disclosure does not fall within the portfolio securities disclosure requirements outlined above.
Whether the information constitutes material non-public information will be made on a good faith determination, which involves an assessment of the particular facts and circumstances. In most cases, commentary or analysis would be immaterial and would not convey any advantage to a recipient in making a decision concerning a fund. Commentary and analysis include, but are not limited to, the allocation of a fund’s portfolio securities and other investments among various asset classes, sectors, industries, countries or other relevant category, the characteristics of the stock components and other investments of a fund, the attribution of fund returns by asset class, sector, industry, country or other relevant category, and the volatility characteristics of a fund.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST
Each fund is a series of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, an open-end investment management company organized as a Massachusetts business trust on October 20, 1989.
The funds may hold special meetings of shareholders, which may cause the funds to incur non-routine expenses. These meetings may be called for purposes such as electing trustees, changing fundamental policies and amending management contracts. Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each share owned and may vote by proxy or in person. Proxy materials will be mailed to shareholders prior to any meetings, and will include a voting card and information explaining the matters to be voted upon.
The bylaws of the Trust provide that one-third of shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote shall be a quorum for the transaction of business at a shareholders’ meeting, except that where any provision of law, or of the Declaration of Trust or of the bylaws permits or requires that (1) holders of any series shall vote as a series, then one-third of the aggregate number of shares of that series present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by that series, or (2) holders of any class shall vote as a class, then one-third of the aggregate number of shares of that class present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business by that class. Any meeting of shareholders may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question of adjourning a meeting to another date or time, whether or not a quorum is present. Any adjourned session or sessions may be held, within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting, without the necessity of further notice. The Declaration of Trust specifically authorizes the Board to terminate the Trust (or any of its investment portfolios) by notice to the shareholders without shareholder approval.
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Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the Trust’s obligations. The Declaration of Trust, however, disclaims shareholder liability for the Trust’s acts or obligations and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the trustees. In addition, the Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of the property of an investment portfolio in which a shareholder owns or owned shares for all losses and expenses of such shareholder or former shareholder if he or she is held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder. Moreover, the Trust will be covered by insurance which the trustees consider adequate to cover foreseeable tort claims. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is considered remote, because it is limited to circumstances in which a disclaimer is inoperative and the Trust itself is unable to meet its obligations. There is a remote possibility that a fund could become liable for a misstatement in the prospectus or SAI about another fund.
As more fully described in the Declaration of Trust, the trustees may each year, or more frequently, distribute to the shareholders of each series accrued income less accrued expenses and any net realized capital gains less accrued expenses. Distributions of each year’s income of each series shall be distributed pro rata to shareholders in proportion to the number of shares of each series held by each of them. Distributions will be paid in cash or shares or a combination thereof as determined by the trustees. Distributions paid in shares will be paid at the net asset value per share as determined in accordance with the bylaws.
Any series of the Trust may reorganize or merge with one or more other series of the Trust or of another investment company. Any such reorganization or merger shall be pursuant to the terms and conditions specified in an agreement and plan of reorganization authorized and approved by the Trustees and entered into by the relevant series in connection therewith. In addition, such reorganization or merger may be authorized by vote of a majority of the Trustees then in office and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, without the approval of shareholders of any series.
PURCHASE, REDEMPTION, DELIVERY OF SHAREHOLDER DOCUMENTS AND PRICING OF SHARES
Purchasing and Redeeming Shares of the Funds
The funds are open for business each day, except for days on which the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is closed and the following federal holiday observances: Columbus Day and Veterans Day. The NYSE’s trading session is normally conducted from 9:30 a.m. until 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, Monday through Friday, although some days, such as in advance of and following holidays, the NYSE’s trading sessions close early. The NYSE typically observes the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Juneteenth National Independence Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Although it is expected that the same holidays will be observed in the future, the NYSE may modify its holiday schedule or hours of operation at any time. Orders that are received in good order by a fund’s transfer agent no later than the time specified by the Trust will be executed that day at the fund’s share price calculated that day. On any day that the NYSE closes early, the funds reserve the right to advance the time by which purchase, redemption and exchange orders must be received by the funds in order to be executed at that day’s share price. If the NYSE is closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would typically be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, the funds reserve the right to treat such day as a business day and accept purchase, exchange and redemption orders and calculate their share prices as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day.
The funds have authorized one or more financial intermediaries, including Schwab, to accept on their behalf purchase, exchange and redemption orders. Such financial intermediaries have also been authorized to designate other intermediaries to accept purchase, exchange and redemption orders on the funds’ behalf. The funds will be deemed to have received a purchase, exchange or redemption order when an authorized intermediary or, if applicable, an intermediary’s authorized designee, receives such order. Such orders will be priced at the respective fund’s net asset value per share next determined after such orders are received by an authorized intermediary or the intermediary’s authorized designee.
As long as the funds or Schwab follow reasonable procedures to confirm that an investor’s telephone or internet order is genuine, they will not be liable for any losses the investor may experience due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions. These procedures may include requiring a form of personal identification or other confirmation before acting upon any telephone or internet order, providing written confirmation of telephone or internet orders and tape recording all telephone orders.
Share certificates will not be issued in order to avoid additional administrative costs, however, share ownership records are maintained by the funds’ transfer agent.
Each fund has made an election with the SEC to pay in cash all redemptions requested by any shareholder of record limited in amount during any 90-day period to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of its net assets at the beginning of such period. This election is irrevocable without the SEC’s prior approval. Redemption requests in excess of these limits may be paid, in whole or in part, in investment securities or in cash, as the Board may deem advisable. Payment will be made wholly in cash unless the Board believes that economic or market conditions exist that would make such payment a detriment to the best interests of a fund. If redemption proceeds are paid in investment securities, such securities will be valued as set forth in “Pricing of Shares.” A redeeming shareholder would normally incur transaction costs if he or she were to convert the securities to cash.
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Each of Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund, Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund and Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund offer two share classes, Investor Shares and Ultra Shares. The Schwab Government Money Fund is composed of three classes of shares, Sweep Shares, Investor Shares and Ultra Shares. The Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund offers one share class. Each fund’s share classes share a common investment portfolio and objective but have different minimum investment requirements and different expenses. The Sweep Shares are designed to provide convenience through automatic investment of uninvested cash balances and automatic redemptions for transactions in your Schwab account. Schwab, in its discretion, may, at any time, determine to temporarily or permanently discontinue offering Sweep Shares to new or existing Schwab customers. In addition, Schwab has informed the Schwab Government Money Fund that it intends to seek authorization from its clients to redeem their holdings in the fund in the event the fund ceases to maintain a stable net asset value per share, which may result in a liquidation of the fund. The Investor Shares and Ultra Shares do not have a sweep feature.
Liquidity Fees and Gates
Pursuant to Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act, the Board is permitted to impose a liquidity fee on redemptions from the funds (up to 2%) or a redemption gate to temporarily restrict redemptions from the funds up to 10 business days (in any 90-day period) in the event that a fund’s “weekly liquid assets” fall below certain designated thresholds. Liquidity fees would reduce the amount you receive upon redemption of your shares. A redemption gate would temporarily prevent you from redeeming your shares in the funds.
Weekly liquid assets generally include:
cash;
direct obligations of the U.S. government;
certain other U.S. government or agency securities;
securities that will mature or are subject to a demand feature that is exercisable and payable within five business days; and
amounts receivable and due unconditionally within five business days on pending sales of portfolio securities.
If a fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 30% of the fund’s total assets, the Board is permitted, but not required, to: (i) impose a liquidity fee of no more than 2% of the amount redeemed; and/or (ii) impose a redemption gate to temporarily suspend the right of redemption. If a fund’s weekly liquid assets fall below 10% of the fund’s total assets, the fund will impose, generally as of the beginning of the next business day, a liquidity fee of 1% of the amount redeemed unless the Board determines that such a fee would not be in the best interests of the fund or determines that a lower or higher fee (subject to the 2% limit) would be in the best interests of the fund.
In the event a fund imposes a redemption gate, the fund, your financial advisor, and your broker will not accept redemption requests until the fund provides notice that the gate has been lifted. Redemption requests submitted while a redemption gate is imposed will be cancelled without further notice. If shareholders still wish to redeem their shares after a redemption gate has been lifted, they will need to submit a new request.
Liquidity fees and redemption gates are most likely to be imposed during times of extraordinary market stress and will generally be imposed by the Board to restore a fund’s market-based NAV per share. Additionally, the Board generally expects that a liquidity fee or redemption gate would be imposed, if at all, after the fund has notified financial intermediaries and shareholders that a liquidity fee or redemption gate will be imposed (generally, as of the beginning of the next business day following the announcement that the fund will impose a liquidity fee or redemption gate). The imposition and termination of a liquidity fee or a redemption gate will be reported by the fund to the SEC on Form N-CR. In addition, the fund will make such announcements through a supplement to the prospectus and may make such announcements through a press release or by other means.
The Board may, in its discretion, terminate a liquidity fee or redemption gate at any time if the Board believes termination to be in the best interest of a fund and its shareholders. Moreover, liquidity fees and redemption gates will automatically terminate at the beginning of the next business day once the fund’s weekly liquid assets reach at least 30% of its total assets. Redemption gates may only last up to 10 business days in any 90-day period.
As government money market funds, the Schwab Government Money Fund, Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund, Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund and Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund are not required to impose a liquidity fee and/or a redemption gate on fund redemptions. The Board has determined not to subject the Schwab Government Money Fund, Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund, Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund and Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund to a liquidity fee and/or a redemption gate on fund redemptions. Please note that the Board has reserved its ability to change this determination with respect to liquidity fees and/or redemption gates, but only after providing appropriate prior notice to shareholders.
Exchanging Shares of the Funds
Methods to purchase and redeem shares are set forth in the funds’ prospectuses. An exchange order involves the redemption of all or a portion of the shares of one Schwab Fund and the simultaneous purchase of shares of another Schwab Fund. Exchange orders must meet the minimum investment and any other requirements of the fund or class purchased. Exchange orders may not be executed between shares of
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Sweep Investments® and shares of non-Sweep Investments. Shares of Sweep Investments may be bought and sold automatically pursuant to the terms and conditions of your Schwab account agreement. In addition, different exchange policies may apply to Schwab Funds that are bought and sold through third-party intermediaries and the exchange privilege between Schwab Funds may not be available through third-party intermediaries.
The funds and Schwab reserve certain rights with regard to exchanging shares of the funds. These rights include the right to: (i) refuse any purchase or exchange order that may negatively impact a fund’s operations; (ii) refuse orders that appear to be associated with short-term trading activities; and (iii) materially modify or terminate the exchange privilege upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders.
Pricing of Shares
Each fund values its portfolio instruments at amortized cost, which means they are valued at their acquisition cost, as adjusted for amortization of premium or discount, rather than at current market value. Calculations are made to compare the value of a fund’s investments at amortized cost with market values. Such values are required to be determined in one of two ways: securities for which market quotations are readily available are required to be valued at current market value; and securities for which market quotations are not readily available are required to be valued at fair value using procedures approved by the Board. If the NYSE is closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would typically be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, the funds reserve the right to treat such day as a business day and accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate their share price as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day. The funds use approved pricing services to provide values for their portfolio securities. Securities may be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved by the funds’ Board when approved pricing services do not provide a value for a security, a furnished price appears manifestly incorrect or events occur prior to the close of the NYSE that materially affect the furnished price. The Board regularly reviews fair value determinations made by the funds pursuant to the procedures.
The amortized cost method of valuation seeks to maintain a stable net asset value per share (NAV) of $1.00, even where there are fluctuations in interest rates that affect the value of portfolio instruments. Accordingly, this method of valuation can in certain circumstances lead to a dilution of a shareholder’s interest.
If a deviation of ½ of 1% or more between a fund’s NAV calculated using market values and a fund’s $1.00 NAV calculated using amortized cost were to occur or was expected to occur, or if there were any other deviation that the Board believed would result in a material dilution or other unfair results to shareholders or purchasers, the Board would promptly consider what action, if any, should be initiated, including, without limitation, selling portfolio instruments prior to their maturity to realize capital gains/losses or to shorten average portfolio maturity; redeeming shares in kind; establishing a NAV by using available market quotations or equivalents; or reducing the number of shares outstanding on a pro rata basis through reverse stock splits or the assessment of negative dividends to the extent permissible by applicable law and the Trust’s organizational documents. The Board may also consider taking these actions during a negative interest rate environment in an effort to maintain a fund’s $1.00 NAV to the extent permissible by applicable law and the Trust’s organizational documents. In addition, if a fund’s NAV calculated using market values declined, or was expected to decline, below a fund’s $1.00 NAV calculated using amortized cost, the Board might temporarily reduce or suspend dividend payments in an effort to maintain a fund’s $1.00 NAV. As a result of such reduction or suspension of dividends or other action by the Board, an investor would receive less income during a given period than if such a reduction or suspension had not taken place. Such action could result in investors receiving no dividend for the period during which they hold their shares and receiving, upon redemption, a price per share lower than that which they paid. On the other hand, if a fund’s NAV calculated using market values were to increase, or were anticipated to increase above a fund’s $1.00 NAV calculated using amortized cost, the Board might supplement dividends in an effort to maintain a fund’s $1.00 NAV. The Board may take any of these, or other, actions to the extent permissible by applicable law.
Delivery of Shareholder Documents
Typically once a year, an updated prospectus will be mailed or electronically delivered to shareholders describing each fund’s investment strategies, risks and shareholder policies. Twice a year, financial reports will be mailed or electronically delivered (or a notice will be mailed and financial reports will be made available on the fund’s designated website) to shareholders describing each fund’s performance and investment holdings. In order to eliminate duplicate mailings of shareholder documents, each household may receive one copy of these documents, under certain conditions. This practice is commonly called “householding.” If you want to receive multiple copies, you may write or call your fund at the address or telephone number on the front of this SAI. Your instructions will be effective within 30 days of receipt by a fund or other date as communicated by the financial intermediary.
TAXATION
This discussion of federal income tax consequences is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal Revenue Code) and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this SAI. New legislation, as well as administrative changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and may have a retroactive effect with respect to the transactions contemplated herein.
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Federal Tax Information for the Funds
It is each fund’s policy to qualify for taxation as a “regulated investment company” ​(RIC) by meeting the requirements of Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. By qualifying as a RIC, each fund expects to eliminate or reduce to a nominal amount the federal income tax to which it is subject. If a fund does not qualify as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code, it will be subject to federal income tax on its net investment income and any net realized capital gains.
Each fund is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes and is not combined with the Trust’s other funds. Each fund intends to qualify as a RIC so that it will be relieved of federal income tax on that part of its income that is distributed to shareholders. In order to qualify for treatment as a RIC, a fund must, among other requirements, distribute annually to its shareholders an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (generally, net investment income plus the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt income. Among these requirements are the following: (i) at least 90% of a fund’s gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock or securities or currencies and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership; (ii) at the close of each quarter of a fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of a fund’s assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and (iii) at the close of each quarter of a fund’s taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses if the fund owns at least 20% of the voting power of such issuers, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
The Internal Revenue Code imposes a non-deductible excise tax on RICs that do not distribute in a calendar year (regardless of whether they otherwise have a non-calendar taxable year) an amount equal to 98% of their “ordinary income” ​(as defined in the Internal Revenue Code) for the calendar year plus 98.2% of their net capital gain for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year, plus any undistributed amounts from prior years. The non-deductible excise tax is equal to 4% of the deficiency. For the foregoing purposes, a fund is treated as having distributed any amount on which it is subject to income tax for any taxable year ending in such calendar year. A fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of a fund to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a RIC.
With respect to investments in zero coupon or other securities which are sold at original issue discount and may not make periodic cash interest payments, a fund will be required to include as part of its current income the imputed interest on such obligations even though the fund has not received any corresponding interest payments on such obligations during that period. Because each fund distributes all of its net investment income to its shareholders, a fund may have to sell fund securities to distribute such imputed income which may occur at a time when the adviser would not have chosen to sell such securities and which may result in taxable gain or loss.
A liquidity fee imposed by a fund will reduce the amount you will receive upon the redemption of your shares, and will decrease the amount of any capital gain or increase the amount of any capital loss you will recognize from such redemption. There is some degree of uncertainty with respect to the tax treatment of liquidity fees received by money market funds, and such tax treatment may be the subject of future guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service. If the fund receives liquidity fees, it will consider the appropriate tax treatment of such fees to the fund at such time.
Federal Income Tax Information for Shareholders
The discussion of federal income taxation presented below supplements the discussion in the funds’ prospectuses and only summarizes some of the important federal tax considerations generally affecting shareholders of the funds. Accordingly, prospective investors (particularly those not residing or domiciled in the United States) should consult their own tax advisors regarding the consequences of investing in a fund.
On each business day that the NAV of a fund is determined, such fund’s net investment income will be declared as of the close of the fund (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) as a daily dividend to shareholders of record. Your daily dividend is calculated each business day by applying the daily dividend rate by the number of shares owned, and is rounded to the nearest penny. The daily dividend is accrued each business day, and the sum of the daily dividends is paid monthly. For each fund, dividends will normally be reinvested monthly in shares of the fund at the NAV on the 15th day of each month, if a business day, otherwise on the next business day, except in December when dividends are reinvested on the last business day of December. If cash payment is requested, checks will normally be mailed on the business day following the reinvestment date. Each fund will pay shareholders, who redeem all of their shares, all dividends accrued to the time of the redemption within seven days.
Each fund calculates its dividends based on its daily net investment income. For this purpose, the net investment income of a fund generally consists of: (1) accrued interest income, plus or minus amortized discount or premium, minus (2) accrued expenses allocated to that fund. If a fund realizes any capital gains, they will be distributed at least once during the year as determined by the Board. Any realized capital losses, to the extent not offset by realized capital gains, will be carried forward.
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Any dividends declared by a fund in October, November or December and paid the following January are treated, for tax purposes, as if they were received by shareholders on December 31 of the year in which they were declared. A fund may adjust its schedule for the reinvestment of distributions for the month of December to assist in complying with the reporting and minimum distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code.
The funds do not expect to realize any long-term capital gains. However, long-term capital gains distributions are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held your shares. If you receive a long-term capital gains distribution with respect to fund shares held for six months or less, any loss on the sale or exchange of those shares shall, to the extent of the long-term capital gains distribution, be treated as a long-term capital loss. Distributions by a fund also may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes and their treatment under applicable tax laws may differ from the federal income tax treatment. Note that most states grant tax-exempt status to distributions paid to shareholders from earnings received on direct investment on U.S. government securities, subject to certain restrictions. For example, some states do not extend this exemption to distributions paid to shareholders from earnings on certain U.S. government agencies, such as Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gains distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” ​(in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” ​(in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds a threshold amount.
A fund may engage in techniques that may alter the timing and character of its income. A fund may be restricted in its use of these techniques by rules relating to its qualification as a regulated investment company.
Because the taxable portion of a fund’s investment income consists primarily of interest, none of its dividends are expected to qualify under the Internal Revenue Code for the dividends received deduction for corporations or as qualified dividend income eligible for reduced tax rates for individuals.
Although not generally expected, the redemption or exchange of the shares of a fund may result in capital gain or loss to the shareholders. Generally, unless a shareholder chooses to adopt a simplified “NAV method” of accounting (described below), if a shareholder holds the shares as a capital asset, any gain or loss will be long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Capital gains of corporate shareholders are subject to regular corporate tax rates. For non-corporate taxpayers, gain on the sale of shares held for more than one year will generally be taxed at the rate applicable to long-term capital gains, while gain on the sale of shares held for one year or less will generally be taxed at ordinary income rates. However, if a shareholder elects to adopt the simplified “NAV method” of accounting, rather than compute gain or loss on every taxable sale or other disposition of shares of a fund as described above, a shareholder would determine gain or loss based on the change in the aggregate value of fund shares during a computation period (such as the shareholder’s taxable year), reduced by the shareholder’s net investment (i.e., purchases minus sales) in those fund shares during the computation period. Under the simplified “NAV method,” any resulting capital gain or loss would be reportable on a net basis and would generally be treated as a short-term capital gain or loss.
Each fund will be required in certain cases to withhold at the applicable withholding rate and remit to the U.S. Treasury, the withheld amount of taxable dividends paid to any shareholder who (1) fails to provide a correct taxpayer identification number certified under penalty of perjury; (2) is subject to withholding by the Internal Revenue Service for failure to properly report all payments of interest or dividends; (3) fails to provide a certified statement that he or she is not subject to “backup withholding;” or (4) fails to provide a certified statement that he or she is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s ultimate U.S. tax liability.
Foreign shareholders (i.e., nonresident alien individuals and foreign corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates) are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or a lower tax treaty rate) on taxable distributions derived from net investment income and short-term capital gains; provided, however, that U.S. source interest related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally are not subject to U.S. withholding tax if a fund elects to make reports with respect to such dividends. Distributions to foreign shareholders of such short-term capital gain dividends and of long-term capital gains, and any gains from the sale or other disposition of shares of the funds, generally are not subject to U.S. taxation, unless the recipient is an individual who either (1) meets the Internal Revenue Code’s definition of “resident alien” or (2) who is physically present in the U.S. for 183 days or more per year as determined under certain IRS rules. Different tax consequences may result if the foreign shareholder is engaged in a trade or business within the United States. In addition, the tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty may be different than those described above. Foreign shareholders may also be subject to U.S. estate taxes with respect to shares in a fund.
The funds are required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the funds to enable the funds to determine whether withholding is required.
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APPENDIX – RATINGS OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
From time to time, a fund may report the percentage of its assets that fall into the rating categories set forth below, as defined by the ratings agencies.
MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE
Global Long-Term Rating Scale
Aaa:
Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa:
Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A:
Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa:
Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba:
Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B:
Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa:
Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca:
Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C:
Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Global Short-Term Rating Scale
P-1:
Ratings of Prime-1 reflect a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2:
Ratings of Prime-2 reflect a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3:
Ratings of Prime-3 reflect an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
STANDARD & POOR’S FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC
Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings
AAA:
An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA:
An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A:
An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB:
An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB:
An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B:
An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC:
An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

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CC:
An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C:
An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.
D:
An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within the next five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or the next 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. A rating on an obligation is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed debt restructuring.
Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings
A-1:
A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2:
A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3:
A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
FITCH, INC.
Long-Term Ratings Scales
AAA:
‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA:
‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A:
‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB:
‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB:
‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments.
B:
‘B’ ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC:
Very low margin for safety. Default is a real possibility.
CC:
Default of some kind appears probable.
C:
A default or default-like process has begun, or the issuer is in standstill, or for a closed funding vehicle, payment capacity is irrevocably impaired. Conditions that are indicative of a ‘C’ category rating for an issuer include:
i.
the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation;
ii.
the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation;
iii.
the formal announcement by the issuer or their agent of a distressed debt exchange;
iv.
a closed financing vehicle where payment capacity is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default is imminent.

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RD:
‘RD’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion has experienced an uncured payment default or distressed debt exchange on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation, but has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and has not otherwise ceased operating.
This would include:
i.
the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt;
ii.
the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation;
iii.
the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel;
iv.
ordinary execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.
D:
‘D’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business.
Short-Term Ratings
F1:
Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country. Under the agency’s National Rating scale, this rating is assigned to the lowest default risk relative to others in the same country or monetary union. Where the liquidity profile is particularly strong, a “+” is added to the assigned rating.
F2:
Indicates a good capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country or monetary union. However, the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.
F3:
Indicates an adequate capacity for timely payment of financial commitments relative to other issuers or obligations in the same country or monetary union.

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APPENDIX – PROXY VOTING POLICY
The Charles Schwab Family of Funds
Schwab Investments
Schwab Capital Trust
Schwab Annuity Portfolios
Laudus Trust
Schwab Strategic Trust
PROXY VOTING POLICY
AS OF MARCH 2022
The Boards of Trustees (the “Board”) of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, and Schwab Annuity Portfolios (“Schwab Funds”), Laudus Trust (“Laudus Funds”) and Schwab Strategic Trust (“Schwab ETFs”; collectively with Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds, the “Funds”) have delegated to the Funds’ investment adviser, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (“CSIM”), the responsibility to vote proxies relating to the Funds’ portfolio securities pursuant to CSIM’s Proxy Voting Policy (“CSIM Proxy Policy”). On an annual basis, CSIM will report to the Board on any changes to the CSIM Proxy Policy and on the implementation of the CSIM Proxy Policy.

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Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
PROXY VOTING POLICY
AS OF MARCH 2022
I.
INTRODUCTION
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (“CSIM”), as an investment adviser, is responsible for voting proxies with respect to the securities held in accounts of investment companies and other clients that have delegated the authority to vote proxies to CSIM. CSIM’s Proxy Committee exercises and documents CSIM’s responsibility with regard to voting of client proxies, including the review and approval of the Proxy Voting Policy (the “Proxy Policy”). CSIM’s Investment Stewardship team has the primary responsibility to oversee that voting is carried out consistent with the Proxy Policy. The Investment Stewardship Team also conducts research into proxy issues and carries out engagement activities with companies. The Proxy Committee receives reports from the Investment Stewardship Team on these activities.
II.
PHILOSOPHY
As a leading asset manager, it is CSIM’s responsibility to use its proxy votes to encourage transparency, corporate governance structures, and the management of environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues that it believes protect and promote shareholder value.
Just as the investors in CSIM’s equity funds generally have a long-term investment horizon, CSIM takes a long-term, measured approach to investment stewardship. CSIM’s client-first philosophy drives all of its efforts, including its approach to decision making. In the investment stewardship context, that unfolds through CSIM’s efforts to appropriately manage risk by encouraging transparency and focusing on corporate governance structures that will help protect or promote shareholder value. CSIM also recognizes that companies can conduct themselves in ways that have important environmental and social consequences. Therefore, CSIM’s focus on maximizing long-term shareholder value includes consideration of potential environmental and social impacts that we believe are relevant to individual companies.
In general, CSIM believes corporate directors, as the elected representatives of all shareholders, are best positioned to oversee the management of their companies. Accordingly, CSIM typically supports a board of directors’ and management’s recommendations on proxy matters. However, CSIM will vote against management’s recommendations when it believes doing so will protect or promote long-term shareholder value.
III.
USE OF PROXY ADVISORS
To assist CSIM in its responsibility for voting proxies and the overall proxy voting process, CSIM has retained Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC (“Glass Lewis”) as an expert in the proxy voting and corporate governance area. The services provided by Glass Lewis include in-depth research, global issuer analysis, and voting recommendations as well as vote execution, reporting and record keeping. CSIM has also retained Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. to conduct research and provide voting recommendations on certain topics and may retain additional experts in the proxy voting, corporate governance, and ESG areas in the future.
To support CSIM in efficiently executing its votes, Glass Lewis, simultaneously with issuing its voting recommendations, also automatically populates votes based on CSIM’s custom voting guidelines, except for certain ballot items which CSIM elects to vote manually. CSIM’s votes are executed just prior to the vote deadline, which allows CSIM the opportunity to incorporate changes in Glass Lewis voting recommendations or the receipt of additional information from the company or other parties.
IV.
PROXY VOTING PRINCIPLES
CSIM invests on behalf of its clients in companies domiciled all over the world. Since corporate governance standards and best practices differ by country and jurisdiction, the market context is taken into account in the analysis of proposals. Furthermore, there are instances where CSIM may determine that voting is not in the best interests of its clients (typically due to costs or to trading restrictions) and will refrain from submitting votes.
The Proxy Committee reviews Glass Lewis’ proxy voting guidelines (“Glass Lewis’ Guidelines”) with input from the Investment Stewardship (IS) team and evaluates them in light of the long-term best interests of shareholders. CSIM generally utilizes Glass Lewis’ Guidelines to inform its vote while also setting custom voting guidelines. In addition, for U.S. companies, contested director elections, mergers and acquisitions, some executive compensation proposals and many ESG-related proposals, including most shareholder proposals requesting additional environmental and social disclosures, are voted on a case-by-case basis by the IS team.
The following is a summary of CSIM’s proxy voting principles which are grouped according to types of proposals usually presented to shareholders in proxy statements.
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A.
DIRECTORS AND AUDITORS
i.
Directors
As a starting point, CSIM expects the board to be composed of a majority of independent directors and to be responsive to shareholders. CSIM also expects directors that serve on a company’s nominating, compensation or audit committee to be independent. CSIM believes that diversity of background, experience and skills, and personal characteristics, including gender, race, ethnicity and age, meaningfully contribute to a board’s ability to make effective decisions on behalf of shareholders.
Factors that may result in a vote against one or more directors:
The board is not majority independent
A large cap company board does not have at least two female directors, or a mid- or small-cap company does not have any female directors, and the board has not provided a reasonable explanation for its lack of gender diversity
Non-independent directors serve on the nominating, compensation or audit committees
A director recently failed to attend at least 75% of meetings or serves on an excessive number of publicly traded company boards
The directors approved executive compensation schemes that appear misaligned with shareholders’ interests
A director recently acted in a manner inconsistent with this Proxy Policy or failed to be responsive to concerns of shareholders
The board has failed to oversee and/or manage ESG issues that are relevant to the company
ii.
Contested Director Elections
Directors are sometimes forced to compete against outside nominees proposed by a dissident shareholder (or group of shareholders). CSIM evaluates these situations on a case-by-case basis and votes for the outcome it believes will maximize long-term shareholder value. CSIM considers numerous factors when making its voting decision, including but not limited to the qualifications of director nominees, long-term company performance compared to peers, and the dissident’s and management’s strategic plans for driving improvements.
iii.
Auditors
CSIM typically supports the ratification of auditors unless CSIM believes that the auditors’ independence may have been compromised.
Factors that may result in a vote against the ratification of auditors:
Audit-related fees are less than half of the total fees paid by the company to the audit firm
A recent material restatement of annual financial statements
A pattern of inaccurate audits or other behavior that may call into question an auditor’s effectiveness
B.
BOARD MATTERS
i.
Classified Boards
CSIM generally does not support classified board proposals unless management has provided valid reasoning for the structure.
ii.
Majority Voting
CSIM generally supports majority voting proposals when they call for plurality voting standards in contested elections.
iii.
Proxy Access
CSIM typically does not support proxy access proposals unless CSIM has specific concerns regarding the board’s accountability or responsiveness to shareholders.
Factors that may result in a vote supporting proxy access:
The company did not implement a shareholder proposal that was passed by shareholders at two previous shareholder meetings
The company nominated directors for election that did not receive a majority of shareholder support at the previous shareholder meeting
The company had material financial statement restatements
The company’s board adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan during the past year and did not submit it to shareholders for approval
iv.
Separation of Chair and CEO role
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CSIM believes that the board is typically best positioned to determine its leadership structure. Therefore, CSIM will typically not support proposals requiring the separation of these roles unless certain circumstances are in place.
Factors that may result in a vote supporting a shareholder proposal requiring the separation of the Chair and CEO roles:
The board does not have a lead independent director
The board is not two-thirds independent
The company did not implement a shareholder proposal that was passed by shareholders at two previous shareholder meetings
The company nominated directors for election that did not receive a majority of shareholder support at the previous shareholder meeting
The company had material financial statement restatements
The company’s board adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan during the past year and did not submit it to shareholders for approval
v.
Independent Chair
CSIM believes that the board is typically best positioned to determine its leadership structure. Therefore, CSIM will typically not support proposals requiring an independent chair unless CSIM has concerns regarding the board’s accountability or responsiveness to shareholders.
Factors that may result in a vote supporting a shareholder proposal requiring an independent chair:
The board does not have a lead independent director
The board is not two-thirds independent
The company did not implement a shareholder proposal that was passed by shareholders at two previous shareholder meetings
The company nominated directors for election that did not receive a majority of shareholder support at the previous shareholder meeting
The company had material financial statement restatements
The company’s board adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan during the past year and did not submit it to shareholders for approval
C.
COMPENSATION
i.
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation and Frequency
CSIM generally supports advisory votes on executive compensation (which are proposed by management and are known as “Say-On-Pay”) when the compensation scheme appears aligned with shareholder economic interests and lacks problematic features.
Factors that may result in a vote against a company’s Say-On-Pay proposal:
Executive compensation is out of line with industry peers considering the company’s performance over time
Executive compensation plan includes significant guaranteed bonuses or has a low amount of compensation at risk
Executive compensation plan offers excessive one-time payments, perquisites, tax-gross up provisions, or golden parachutes
Compensation amounts are increased, or goals are lowered without providing a valid explanation
Executive compensation plan lacks adequate disclosure or rationale for decisions related to goals and amounts
CSIM typically supports annual advisory votes on executive compensation.
ii.
Equity Compensation Plans
CSIM generally supports stock-based compensation plans when they do not overly dilute shareholders by providing participants with excessive awards and lack problematic features.
Factors that may result in a vote against Equity Compensation Plans:
Plan’s total potential dilution appears excessive
Plan’s burn rate appears excessive compared to industry peers
Plan allows for the re-pricing of options without shareholder approval
Plan has an evergreen feature
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iii.
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
CSIM supports the concept of broad employee participation in a company’s equity. Therefore, CSIM typically supports employee stock purchase plans when the shares can be purchased at 85% or more of the shares’ market value.
iv.
Re-price/Exchange Option Plans
CSIM generally only supports management’s proposals to re-price options when the plan excludes senior management and directors, does not excessively dilute shareholders, and the company has not significantly underperformed its industry peers over time.
D.
ANTI-TAKEOVER
i.
Shareholder Rights Plans
Shareholder Rights Plans constrain a potential acquirer’s ability to buy shares in a company above a certain threshold without the approval of the company’s board of directors. While such a plan may help a company in achieving a higher bid, it may also entrench the incumbent management and board. CSIM believes that shareholders should have the right to approve a Shareholder Rights Plan within a year of its adoption. CSIM generally votes against such plans if they do not have safeguards to protect shareholder interests.
Factors that may result in a vote against a Shareholder Rights Plan proposal:
Plan does not expire in a relatively short time horizon
Plan does not have a well-crafted permitted bid or qualified offer feature that mandates shareholder votes in certain situations
Plan automatically renews without shareholder approval
Company’s corporate governance profile
ii.
Right to Call Special Meeting
CSIM generally votes against shareholder proposals asking for shareholders to be given the right to call a special meeting unless the threshold to call a special meeting is 25% or more of shares outstanding to avoid wasting corporate resources.
iii.
Right to Act by Written Consent
CSIM generally votes against shareholder proposals asking for shareholders to be given the right to act by written consent if the company already offers shareholders the right to call special meetings. CSIM expects appropriate mechanisms for implementation.
iv.
Supermajority Voting
CSIM generally supports the concept of simple majority standards to pass proposals.
E.
CAPITAL STRUCTURE, MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
i.
Increase in Authorized Common Shares
CSIM typically supports proposals to increase the authorized shares unless the company does not sufficiently justify the need for the use of the proposed shares.
ii.
Preferred Shares
CSIM generally supports proposals to create a class of preferred shares with specific voting, dividend, conversion and other rights.
iii.
Mergers and Acquisitions
CSIM generally supports transactions that appear to maximize shareholder value. CSIM assesses these proposals on a case-by-case basis and considers the proposed transaction’s strategic rationale, the offer premium, the board’s oversight of the sales process, and other pertinent factors.
F.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROPOSALS
Effective oversight of material ESG risks relevant to a company and its business is an essential board function. In CSIM’s view, appropriate risk oversight of environmental and social issues contributes to sustainable long-term value and companies should provide pertinent information on material risks common to their industry and specific to their business. CSIM evaluates, on a case-by-case basis, shareholder proposals calling for additional disclosure on material risks to a company, with emphasis placed on those risks identified within the framework of the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB).
CSIM recognizes that financial performance can be impacted by a company’s environmental, social and human capital management policies. CSIM’s case-by-case evaluation of these proposals takes into consideration a company’s current level of reporting, disclosures by its peers, and the existence of controversies or litigation related to the issue.
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CSIM believes that, in most instances, the board is best positioned to determine a company’s strategy and manage its operations, and generally does not support shareholder proposals seeking a change in business practices.
i.
Climate Change Proposals
CSIM believes that companies should provide pertinent information on the management of potential climate change-related risks and opportunities, with the understanding that the relevance of this disclosure for any specific company will vary depending on its industry and operations. For companies operating in carbon-intensive industries, we believe boards should be considering a range of energy demand scenarios. We generally support proposals requesting additional disclosure on climate change-related impacts when the company’s current reporting is inadequate.
ii.
Corporate Political Activity Proposals
CSIM expects the board of directors to have a stated oversight process for political contributions and lobbying activities. CSIM evaluates proposals asking for disclosure of a company’s political contributions and lobbying activities and generally supports them if there is no evidence of board oversight or a company’s disclosure lags that of its peers.
V.
ADMINISTRATION
A.
CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS
CSIM maintains the following practices that seek to prevent undue influence on its proxy voting activity. Such influence might arise from any relationship between the company holding the proxy (or any shareholder or board member of the company) and CSIM, CSIM’s affiliates, a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund managed by CSIM (“Affiliated Fund”) , an affiliate of such Fund, or a CSIM employee. The Proxy Committee has directed that Glass Lewis be instructed to vote any such proxies in the same proportion as the votes of all other shareholders in the fund (i.e., “echo vote”).
With respect to proxies of an underlying Affiliated Fund, the IS team will ensure that such proxies are “echo voted”, unless otherwise required by law. When required by law or applicable exemptive order, the IS team will also ensure the “echo voting” of an unaffiliated mutual fund or exchange traded fund. For example, certain exemptive orders issued to a fund by the Securities and Exchange Commission and Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, require the fund, under certain circumstances, to “echo vote” proxies of registered investment companies that serve as underlying investments of the fund.
In addition, with respect to holdings of The Charles Schwab Corporation (“CSC”) (ticker symbol: SCHW), the IS team will ensure such proxies are echo-voted, unless otherwise required by law.
Where the Proxy Committee has delegated an item to the Investment Stewardship Team, CSIM has taken certain steps to mitigate perceived or potential conflicts of interest, including, but not limited to, the following:
maintaining a reporting structure that separates employees with voting authority from those with sales or business relationship authority,
reporting of potential conflicts to the Proxy Committee to review the conflict and provide final vote determination,
defaulting to the standard CSIM Proxy Voting Policy.
In all other cases, proxy issues that present material conflicts of interest between CSIM, and/or any of its affiliates, and CSIM’s clients, will be delegated to Glass Lewis to be voted in accordance with CSIM’s Proxy Voting Guidelines which are set each year based on governance criteria and not influenced by any individual issuer or ballot item.
Where CSIM’s Investment Stewardship Team conducts an engagement meeting with a company, CSIM has taken certain steps to mitigate perceived or potential conflicts of interest, including, but not limited to, the following:
ensuring that no members of the Board of (i) CSC or (ii) an Affiliated Fund, that are affiliated with such company, are participants in such meetings.
B.
FOREIGN SECURITIES/SHAREBLOCKING
Voting proxies with respect to shares of foreign securities may involve significantly greater effort and corresponding cost than voting proxies with respect to domestic securities due to the variety of regulatory schemes and corporate practices in foreign countries with respect to proxy voting. Problems voting foreign proxies may include the following:
proxy statements and ballots written in a foreign language,
untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings,
restrictions of foreigner’s ability to exercise votes,
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requirements to vote proxies in person,
requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate CSIM’s voting instructions.
In consideration of the foregoing issues, Glass Lewis uses its best efforts to vote foreign proxies. As part of its ongoing oversight, the Proxy Committee will monitor the voting of foreign proxies to determine whether all reasonable steps are taken to vote foreign proxies. If the Proxy Committee determines that the cost associated with the attempt to vote outweighs the potential benefits clients may derive from voting, the Proxy Committee may decide not to attempt to vote. In addition, certain foreign countries impose restrictions on the sale of securities for a period of time before and/or after the shareholder meeting. To avoid these trading restrictions, the Proxy Committee instructs Glass Lewis not to vote such foreign proxies (share-blocking).
C.
SECURITIES LENDING
Certain of the funds managed by CSIM enter into securities lending arrangements with lending agents to generate additional revenue for their portfolios. In securities lending arrangements, any voting rights that accompany the loaned securities generally pass to the borrower of the securities, but the lender retains the right to recall a security and may then exercise the security’s voting rights. In order to vote the proxies of securities out on loan, the securities must be recalled prior to the established record date. CSIM will use its best efforts to recall a fund’s securities on loan when deemed appropriate and in the best interest of shareholders.
D.
SUB-ADVISORY RELATIONSHIPS
Where CSIM has delegated day-to-day investment management responsibilities to an investment sub-adviser, CSIM may (but generally does not) delegate proxy voting responsibility to such investment sub-adviser. In addition, CSIM may share proxy voting with an investment sub-adviser. Each sub-adviser to whom proxy voting responsibility has been delegated will be required to review all proxy solicitation material and to make voting decisions in the best interest of each investment company and its shareholders, or other client associated with the securities it has been allocated. Each sub-adviser to whom proxy voting has been delegated must inform CSIM of its voting decisions to allow CSIM to implement the votes or in the case of shared voting responsibility, potentially override the sub-adviser’s vote recommendation. Prior to delegating the proxy voting responsibility, CSIM will review each sub-adviser’s proxy voting policy to determine whether it believes that each sub-adviser’s proxy voting policy is generally consistent with the maximization of the value of CSIM’s clients’ investments by protecting the long-term best interest of shareholders.
E.
REPORTING AND RECORD RETENTION
CSIM will maintain, or cause Glass Lewis to maintain, records that identify the manner in which proxies have been voted (or not voted) on behalf of CSIM clients. CSIM will comply with all applicable rules and regulations regarding disclosure of its or its clients’ proxy voting records and procedures.
CSIM will retain all proxy voting materials and supporting documentation as required under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.
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