AstraZeneca PLC
14 February 2019 07:00 GMT
Full-year and Q4 2018 results
New launches and commercial execution deliver full-year sales growth and a very strong final quarter.
2019 anticipated to be a year of higher year-on-year sales growth combined with operating leverage.
The final quarter of the year saw a very strong performance, including Product Sales growth of 5% (8% at CER1) to $5,768m. In the year, Product Sales increased by 4% to $21,049m, reflecting the performance of new medicines2 (+81%) and the sustained strength of Emerging Markets (+12%, +13% at CER); China sales increased by 28% (25% at CER) in the year. Oncology sales increased by 50% (49% at CER) in FY 2018, with Tagrisso and Lynparza each doubling in sales, accompanied by a promising performance from Imfinzi. Fasenra sales reached $297m in its first full year, performing exceptionally well in the countries where it was launched.
In addition, Earnings Per Share (EPS) benefited from a low tax rate. The pipeline produced further positive developments and 2019 is expected to be another busy year for news flow.
|
| FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | ||||
| $m | % change | $m | % change | |||
| | Actual | CER | Actual | CER | ||
| Product Sales | 21,049 | 4 | 4 | 5,768 | 5 | 8 |
| Externalisation Revenue | 1,041 | (55) | (55) | 649 | n/m | n/m |
| Total Revenue | 22,090 | (2) | (2) | 6,417 | 11 | 14 |
| | | | | | | |
| Reported Operating Profit3 | 3,387 | (8) | (7) | 1,077 | 57 | 54 |
| Core Operating Profit4 | 5,672 | (17) | (17) | 2,192 | 23 | 23 |
| | | | | | | |
| Reported Earnings Per Share (EPS) | $1.70 | (28) | (29) | $0.82 | (21) | (22) |
| Core EPS | $3.46 | (19) | (19) | $1.58 | 22 | 22 |
Pascal Soriot, Chief Executive Officer, commenting on the results said:
"Closing the year with another strong quarter, our performance confirmed that AstraZeneca has returned to growth. Our new medicines performed particularly well across the therapy areas and the Emerging Markets business went from strength to strength. 2019 will be a year of focus on continued pipeline delivery and flawless commercial execution. The performance of our new medicines demonstrated the ability of our commercial teams to convert the pipeline into successful medicines.
As we recently entered a new phase in our strategic development, we have refined our organisation to position ourselves for the next phase of our journey. The changes are designed to further integrate research and development and accelerate decision-making and the launches of new medicines, consolidating what we believe is already one of the most exciting and productive pipelines in the industry. We are also enhancing our commercial units to increase collaboration with our R&D organisation, enabling greater commitment to our main therapy areas; we want AstraZeneca to be more agile, collaborative and focused as we enter a period of sustained growth.
Our strategy and plans remain unchanged, with sales growth and a focus on cost management anticipated to drive growing operating profit. I'm pleased that we are fully on track to meet these commitments as we build a sustainable level of growth and a pipeline that is benefitting more and more patients around the world."
Financial summary
- Product Sales increased by 4% in the year to $21,049m; new medicines generated incremental sales of $2.8bn at CER. Total Revenue declined by 2% in the year to $22,090m, driven by a 55% decline in Externalisation Revenue to $1,041m, with the year-on-year performance partly reflecting the impact of $997m of Initial Externalisation Revenue recognised in FY 2017 as part of the Lynparza collaboration with MSD5
- The Reported Gross Margin declined by three percentage points to 77% in the year, partly reflecting restructuring charges associated with biologic-medicine manufacturing facilities, the comparative effect of manufacturing variances in the first half of 2017 and the impact of the Lynparza collaboration with MSD; the Core Gross Margin declined by two percentage points to 80%
- Total Reported Operating Expenses of $16,294m were stable in the year (a decline of 1% at CER). Total Core Operating Expenses increased by 5% (4% at CER) to $14,248m:
- Reported R&D Expenses, which increased by 3% in the year to $5,932m, contained Intangible Asset Impairment charges of $539m (FY 2017: $101m), including a $470m charge in respect of MEDI0680. Core R&D Expenses declined by 3% to $5,266m, driven by efficiency savings and resource optimisation
- Reported SG&A Expenses declined by 2% in the year (3% at CER) to $10,031m; Core SG&A Expenses increased by 10% (9% at CER) to $8,651m, reflecting support for new medicines and growth in China
- Reported Other Operating Income and Expense increased by 38% to $2,527m, reflecting divestment transactions, while Core Other Operating Income and Expense increased by 10% in the year to $2,147m. The difference between the Reported and Core performances was represented by a legal settlement in the first half of the year
- As indicated, restructuring expenses declined to $697m in the year (FY 2017: $807m). Designed to drive further efficiencies in the operations network, the Company recently decided to close two biologic-medicine manufacturing sites in Colorado, US. Associated with the closures, the Company expects to incur $0.4bn of one-time restructuring charges, the majority of which would be non-cash expenses; $0.3bn of these charges were recognised in FY 2018 as a result of impairments of site-related assets and inventory
- As indicated, capital expenditure declined to $1,043m (FY 2017: $1,326m)
- Reported EPS of $1.70 in the year represented a decline of 28% (29% at CER). Both Reported and Core EPS were impacted primarily by a decline in Externalisation Revenue, as well as the Gross Margin
- Core EPS declined by 19% to $3.46, despite a favourable impact resulting from a lower Core Tax Rate of 11% reflecting a $245m favourable adjustment to deferred taxes arising from the recently-announced reduction in the Dutch corporate income-tax rate; enacted in December 2018, it equated to $0.19 per share. Milestone revenue of $70m from MSD that related to the rapid regulatory approval in the US of Lynparza as a 1st-line maintenance treatment for BRCA-mutated (BRCAm) advanced ovarian cancer was received earlier than anticipated
- The Board has reaffirmed its commitment to the progressive dividend policy; a second interim dividend of $1.90 per share has been declared post year end, taking the unchanged full-year dividend per share to $2.80
Commercial summary
- Oncology
Sales growth of 50% in the year (49% at CER) to $6,028m, including:
- Tagrisso sales of $1,860m, representing growth of 95% (93% at CER), with increased use as a 2nd-line treatment for EGFR6 T790M-mutated7 NSCLC8 patients and the 2018 approvals in the 1st-line EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) setting as a new standard of care (SoC). Tagrisso, based on the performance in FY 2018, is anticipated to be AstraZeneca's biggest-selling medicine in 2019
- Imfinzi sales of $633m (FY 2017: $19m), reflecting ongoing launches for the treatment of patients with unresectable, Stage III NSCLC. The majority of sales of Imfinzi were in the US; the favourable impact of additional potential launches in other markets is yet to come
- Lynparza sales of $647m, representing growth of 118% (116% at CER), driven by expanded use in the treatment of ovarian cancer and the medicine's first approvals for use in the treatment of breast cancer. The recent approval of Lynparza as a 1st-line treatment of patients with BRCAm ovarian cancer in the US is expected to support further expanded use
- New CVRM9
Sales growth of 12% in the year to $4,004m, including:
- Farxiga sales of $1,391m, with growth of 30% that included a sales increase of 45% in Emerging Markets (52% at CER) to $336m
- Bydureon sales of $584m, an increase of 2% (1% at CER) that was driven by an encouraging Bydureon BCise launch in the US. Total Q4 2018 sales declined by 6% (5% at CER) to $138m, reflecting ongoing production constraints
- Brilinta sales of $1,321m, representing growth of 22% (21% at CER), due to continued market penetration in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome and high-risk post-myocardial infarction (HRPMI). Total Brilinta sales increased by 26% in Q4 2018 (29% at CER) to $376m
- Respiratory
Sales growth of 4% in the year (3% at CER) to $4,911m, including:
- A Symbicort sales decline of 9% (10% at CER) to $2,561m, as competitive price pressures in the US continued, despite a market-share increase for the medicine. China sales of Symbicort increased by 36% (32% at CER) to $240m
- Pulmicort sales growth of 9% (8% at CER) to $1,286m
- Fasenra sales of $297m (Q4 2018: $125m), consolidating its position in the IL-5 class of severe-asthma medicines, performing exceptionally well in the countries where it was launched
- Emerging Markets
The Company's largest region by Product Sales, with growth of 12% in the year (13% at CER) to $6,891m, including:
- A China sales increase of 28% (25% at CER) to $3,795m. Q4 2018 sales in China increased by 17% (22% at CER) to $948m, despite Q4 2017 year-on-year growth of 33% (30% at CER). Oncology sales in China increased by 44% in the year (41% at CER) to $810m, partly underpinned by the launch of Tagrisso in China in 2017. Tagrisso was recently added to the National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL) for the treatment of 2nd-line EGFR T790M-mutated NSCLC
- An ex-China sales decline of 3% (an increase of 1% at CER) to $3,096m, partly impacted by the loss of Product Sales as a result of divestments. The quarter, however, saw a significantly-improved performance as the impact of divestments diminished, with every Emerging Markets sub-region delivering growth at CER and total ex-China Emerging Markets stable sales of $818m (an increase of 10% at CER). Notable performances in the quarter included sales in Brazil (stable, +23% at CER) and (non-China) Asia-Pacific (+10%, +13% at CER)
Organisational changes
As AstraZeneca recently entered a new phase in its strategic development, the Company announced in January 2019 organisational changes to enhance scientific innovation and commercial success.
The new structure simplifies R&D functions from discovery to late-stage development into Oncology and BioPharmaceuticals, or BioPharma. The new Oncology R&D function will be led by a world-renowned expert in the field, José Baselga and the BioPharma R&D function will be led by Mene Pangalos, who was previously responsible for the Company's Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit.
The same approach has been applied to the majority of the Company's commercial operations. The commercial function for Oncology will continue to be led by Dave Fredrickson and the commercial function for BioPharma will be led by Ruud Dobber, most recently responsible for the Company's commercial operations in North America. The Emerging Markets commercial function remains under the leadership of Leon Wang.
The goals of the reorganisation are to:
- Further increase focus on the Company's main therapy areas
- Integrate R&D functions for agile decision making and more flexible resource allocation
- Increase collaboration between the R&D and commercial functions
The R&D and commercial functions will each be represented on the Senior Executive Team of AstraZeneca and report to Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Pascal Soriot. The functions will share many common areas including basic biology and science platforms as well as medicine supply, manufacturing and IT infrastructure to improve efficiency. These resources will continue to be allocated on a Company-wide basis, according to the overall therapy-area considerations and strategy.
As AstraZeneca entered a period of sustained growth, the reorganisation was designed to enable the Company to be more agile, collaborative and be very focused on the main therapy areas. Further details of the changes can be found in the Corporate & Business Development section.
Pipeline highlights
The following table highlights significant developments in the late-stage pipeline since the prior results announcement:
| Regulatory approvals | - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (SOLO-1): regulatory approval (US) - roxadustat - anaemia in dialysis patients: regulatory approval (CN) - Bevespi - COPD10: regulatory approval (EU) - Linzess (linaclotide) - inflammatory bowel syndrome w/constipation (IBS-C): regulatory approval (CN) |
| Regulatory submissions and/or acceptances | - Imfinzi - unresectable, Stage III NSCLC: regulatory submission (CN); acceptance (OS11 data) (US) - Farxiga - type-1 diabetes: regulatory submission acceptance (US) - Fasenra - severe, eosinophilic asthma; self-administration: submission acceptance (US, EU) |
| Major Phase III data readouts or other significant developments | - Tagrisso - EGFRm NSCLC (1st line): priority review (CN) - Imfinzi +/- treme - NSCLC (1st line) (MYSTIC): did not meet OS primary endpoints - Imfinzi +/- treme - head & neck cancer (2nd line): did not meet OS primary endpoints - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (SOLO-1): priority review (CN) - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (3rd line+): met response rate primary endpoint - Forxiga - type-1 diabetes: CHMP12 positive opinion (EU) - roxadustat - anaemia of CKD13: met primary efficacy endpoints - Fasenra - eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Orphan Drug Designation (US) - Fasenra - hypereosinophilic syndrome: Orphan Drug Designation (US) - PT010 - COPD: priority review (CN) - MEDI8897- lower respiratory tract infection: Breakthrough Therapy Designation (US), PRIME14 designation (EU) |
FY 2019 guidance
The Company today provides FY 2019 guidance. All measures in this section are at CER. Company guidance is on Product Sales and Core EPS only. All guidance and indications provided assume that the UK's anticipated forthcoming exit from the European Union, even in the event of no deal, proceeds in an orderly manner such that the impact is within the range expected, following the Company's extensive preparations for such eventuality.
| Product Sales | A high single-digit percentage increase |
In addition to the aforementioned Product Sales growth, the Company anticipates productivity gains and operating leverage in FY 2019. Core Operating Profit is anticipated to grow at a faster rate than Product Sales, despite an expected decline in the sum of Externalisation Revenue and Other Operating Income and Expense vs. the prior year. More details are provided below.
| Core EPS | $3.50 to $3.70 |
Core EPS is anticipated to be impacted by a higher Core Tax Rate in FY 2019, following a low Core Tax Rate in FY 2018. The rate in FY 2019, indicated below, reflects the anticipated geographical mix of profits, as well as the impact of externalisation and divestment transactions anticipated to complete in FY 2019.
Variations in performance between quarters can be expected to continue. The Company is unable to provide guidance and indications on a Reported basis because the Company cannot reliably forecast material elements of the Reported result, including the fair-value adjustments arising on acquisition-related liabilities, intangible-asset impairment charges and legal-settlement provisions. Please refer to the section Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements at the end of this announcement.
FY 2019 indications
Outside of guidance, the Company provides indications at CER for FY 2019 vs. the prior year:
- As part of its long-term growth strategy, the Company remains committed to focusing on appropriate cash-generating and value-accretive externalisation, collaboration and divestment transactions that reflect the ongoing productivity of the pipeline and the Company's increasing focus on its main therapy areas. The sum of Externalisation Revenue and Core Other Operating Income and Expense, however, is anticipated to decline vs. the prior year
- Core Operating Expenses are expected to increase by a low single-digit percentage. Specific support for medicine launches and China sales delivered compelling results in FY 2018 and elements of that support will continue. The Company will retain flexibility in its investment approach
- Core Operating Profit is anticipated to increase, ahead of Product Sales, by a mid-teens percentage vs. FY 2018
- Capital expenditure is expected to be broadly stable and restructuring expenses are targeted to reduce vs. the prior year
- A Core Tax Rate of 18-22% (FY 2018: 11%)
Currency impact
The Company's foreign-exchange rate sensitivity analysis is contained within the Operating and Financial Review and, if foreign-exchange rates for February to December 2019 were to remain at the average of rates seen in January 2019, it is anticipated that there would be a low single-digit percentage adverse impact on Product Sales and Core EPS.
Sustainability
AstraZeneca's sustainability ambition is founded on making science accessible and operating in a way that recognises the interconnection between business growth, the needs of society and the limitations of the planet. The Company's sustainability ambition is reinforced by its purpose and values, which are intrinsic to its business model and ensures that the delivery of its strategy broadens access to medicines, minimises the environmental footprint of medicines and processes and ensures that all business activities are underpinned by the highest levels of ethics and transparency. A full update on the Company's sustainability progress is shown in the Sustainability section of this announcement.
Notes
The following notes refer to pages 1-5:
1. Constant exchange rates. These are financial measures that are not accounted for according to generally-accepted accounting principles (GAAP) because they remove the effects of currency movements from Reported results.
2. Tagrisso, Imfinzi, Lynparza, Calquence, Lumoxiti, Farxiga, Brilinta, Lokelma, Fasenra and Bevespi. These new medicines are pillars in the main therapy areas and are important platforms for future growth.
3. Reported financial measures are the financial results presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, as reported by the European Union and as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
4. Core financial measures. These are non-GAAP financial measures because, unlike Reported performance, they cannot be derived directly from the information in the Group Financial Statements. See the Operating and Financial Review for a definition of Core financial measures and a reconciliation of Core to Reported financial measures.
5. Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, US, known as MSD outside the US and Canada.
6. Epidermal growth factor receptor.
7. Substitution of threonine (T) with methionine (M) at position 790 of exon 20 mutation.
8. Non-small cell lung cancer.
9. New Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, incorporating Diabetes medicines, Brilinta and Lokelma.
10. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
11. Overall survival.
12. Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
13. Chronic kidney disease.
14. PRIority MEdicines.
Pipeline: forthcoming major news flow
Innovation is critical to addressing unmet patient needs and is at the heart of the Company's growth strategy. The focus on research and development is designed to yield strong results from the pipeline.
| H1 2019 | - Tagrisso - EGFRm NSCLC (1st line): regulatory decision (CN) - Imfinzi +/- treme - head & neck cancer (1st line): data readout, regulatory submission - Lynparza - breast cancer: regulatory decision (EU) - Lynparza - pancreatic cancer: data readout
- Brilinta - CAD[15] / type-2 diabetes CVOT[16]: data readout - Forxiga - type-1 diabetes: regulatory decision (EU, JP) - Farxiga - type-2 diabetes CVOT: regulatory submission - roxadustat - anaemia: data readout (pooled safety), regulatory submission (US)
- Duaklir - COPD: regulatory decision (US) |
| H2 2019 | - Tagrisso - EGFRm NSCLC (1st line): data readout (final OS) - Imfinzi - unresectable, Stage III NSCLC: regulatory decision (CN) - Imfinzi + treme - NSCLC (1st line) (NEPTUNE): data readout, regulatory submission - Imfinzi +/- treme - NSCLC (1st line) (POSEIDON): data readout, regulatory submission - Imfinzi +/- treme - small-cell lung cancer: data readout, regulatory submission - Imfinzi +/- treme - bladder cancer (1st line): data readout, regulatory submission - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (SOLO-1): regulatory decision (EU, JP, CN) - Lynparza - pancreatic cancer: regulatory submission - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (PAOLA-1): data readout - Lynparza - prostate cancer (2nd line, castration-resistant): data readout - Calquence - CLL[17]: data readout, regulatory submission - selumetinib - NF1: regulatory submission
- Brilinta - CAD / type-2 diabetes CVOT: regulatory submission - Farxiga - type-1 diabetes: regulatory decision (US) - Lokelma - hyperkalaemia: regulatory submission (JP)
- Symbicort - mild asthma: regulatory decision (EU), regulatory submission (CN) - Bevespi - COPD: regulatory decision (JP, CN) - Fasenra - self administration: regulatory decision (US, EU) - PT010 - COPD: regulatory decision (JP, CN), regulatory submission (US, EU) - PT010 - COPD: data readout (ETHOS) |
| 2020 | - Imfinzi - neo-adjuvant NSCLC: data readout - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (PAOLA-1): regulatory submission - Lynparza - prostate cancer (2nd line, castration-resistant): regulatory submission
- Brilinta - stroke: data readout, regulatory submission - Farxiga - heart failure CVOT: data readout, regulatory submission - Farxiga - CKD: data readout - Epanova - hypertriglyceridaemia CVOT: data readout - Lokelma - hyperkalaemia: regulatory submission (CN) - roxadustat - anaemia of myelodysplastic syndrome: data readout
- Fasenra - nasal polyps: data readout, regulatory submission - tezepelumab - severe asthma: data readout |
Conference call
A conference call and webcast for investors and analysts will begin at 12pm UK time today. Details can be accessed via astrazeneca.com.
Reporting calendar
The Company intends to publish its first-quarter financial results on 26 April 2019.
About AstraZeneca
AstraZeneca is a global, science-led biopharmaceutical company that focuses on the discovery, development and commercialisation of prescription medicines, primarily for the treatment of diseases in its main therapy areas - Oncology, CVRM and Respiratory. AstraZeneca operates in over 100 countries and its innovative medicines are used by millions of patients worldwide. For more information, please visit astrazeneca.com and follow us on Twitter @AstraZeneca.
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All narrative on growth and results in this section is based on actual exchange rates, unless stated otherwise. Financial figures are in US$ millions ($m). The performance shown in this announcement covers the twelve-month period to 31 December 2018 (the year or FY 2018) and the three-month period to 31 December 2018 (the quarter, the fourth quarter or Q4 2018) compared to the twelve-month period to 31 December 2017 (FY 2017) and the three-month period to 31 December 2017 (Q4 2017) respectively, unless stated otherwise. All commentary in the Operating and Financial Review relates to the year, unless stated otherwise.
Core financial measures, EBITDA, Net Debt, Initial Externalisation Revenue and Ongoing Externalisation Revenue are non-GAAP financial measures because they cannot be derived directly from the Group Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures, when provided in combination with Reported results, will provide investors and analysts with helpful supplementary information to understand better the financial performance and position of the Company on a comparable basis from period to period. These non-GAAP financial measures are not a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. Core financial measures are adjusted to exclude certain significant items, such as:
- Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets, including impairment reversals but excluding any charges relating to IT assets
- Charges and provisions related to global restructuring programmes, which includes charges that relate to the impact of global restructuring programmes on capitalised IT assets
- Other specified items, principally comprising acquisition-related costs, which include fair-value adjustments and the imputed finance charge relating to contingent consideration on business combinations, legal settlements and foreign-exchange gains and losses on certain non-structural intra-group loans
Details on the nature of Core financial measures are provided on page 68 of the Annual Report and Form 20-F Information 2017. Reference should be made to the reconciliation of Core to Reported financial information and the Reconciliation of Reported to Core Financial Measures tables included in the Financial Performance section of this announcement.
EBITDA is defined as Reported Profit Before Tax after adding back Net Finance Expense, results from Joint Ventures and Associates and charges for Depreciation, Amortisation and Impairment. Reference should be made to the Reconciliation of Reported Profit Before Tax to EBITDA included in the Financial Performance section of this announcement.
Net Debt is defined as interest-bearing loans and borrowings net of cash and cash equivalents, other investments and net derivative financial instruments. Reference should be made to Note 3 'Net Debt' included in the Notes to the Condensed Financial Information section of this announcement. Ongoing Externalisation Revenue is defined as Externalisation Revenue excluding Initial Externalisation Revenue (which is defined as Externalisation Revenue that is recognised at the date of completion of an agreement or transaction, in respect of upfront consideration). Ongoing Externalisation Revenue comprises, among other items, royalties, milestone revenue and profit-sharing income. Reference should be made to the Breakdown of Externalisation Revenue table in this Operating and Financial Review.
The Company strongly encourages investors and analysts not to rely on any single financial measure, but to review AstraZeneca's financial statements, including the notes thereto and other available Company reports, carefully and in their entirety.
Due to rounding, the sum of a number of percentages may not agree to totals.
Table 1: Total Revenue
|
| FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | ||||
| $m | % change | $m | % change | |||
| Actual | CER | Actual | CER | |||
| Product Sales | 21,049 | 4 | 4 | 5,768 | 5 | 8 |
| Externalisation Revenue | 1,041 | (55) | (55) | 649 | n/m | n/m |
| | | | | | | |
| Total Revenue | 22,090 | (2) | (2) | 6,417 | 11 | 14 |
Table 2: Product Sales
| | FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | ||||||
| $m | % change | $m | % of total | % change | ||||
| Actual | CER | Actual | CER | |||||
| Oncology | 6,028 | 29 | 50 | 49 | 1,767 | 31 | 58 | 61 |
| New CVRM | 4,004 | 19 | 12 | 12 | 1,103 | 19 | 8 | 11 |
| Respiratory | 4,911 | 23 | 4 | 3 | 1,362 | 24 | 2 | 5 |
| Other | 6,106 | 29 | (22) | (23) | 1,536 | 27 | (24) | (21) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total | 21,049 | 100 | 4 | 4 | 5,768 | 100 | 5 | 8 |
Table 3: Top-ten medicines
The top-ten medicines in the year by Product Sales are shown in the table below:
| Medicine | Therapy Area | $m | % of Total Product Sales |
| Symbicort | Respiratory | 2,561 | 12 |
| Tagrisso | Oncology | 1,860 | 9 |
| Nexium | Other | 1,702 | 8 |
| Crestor | CVRM | 1,433 | 7 |
| Farxiga | CVRM | 1,391 | 7 |
| Brilinta | CVRM | 1,321 | 6 |
| Pulmicort | Respiratory | 1,286 | 6 |
| Faslodex | Oncology | 1,028 | 5 |
| Zoladex | Oncology | 752 | 4 |
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | CVRM | 712 | 3 |
| | | | |
| Total | | 14,046 | 67 |
Table 4: Breakdown of Externalisation Revenue
Ongoing Externalisation Revenue of $929m represented 89% of total Externalisation Revenue in the year (FY 2017: $821m, 35%). A breakdown of Externalisation Revenue is shown below:
| | FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | ||||||
| $m | % of total | % change | $m | % of total | % change | |||
| Actual | CER | Actual | CER | |||||
| Initial Externalisation Revenue | 112 | 11 | (93) | (93) | - | - | n/m | n/m |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Royalties | 49 | 5 | (54) | (54) | 11 | 2 | 45 | 41 |
| Milestones/Other[18] | 880 | 84 | 24 | 23 | 638 | 98 | n/m | n/m |
| Ongoing Externalisation Revenue | 929 | 89 | 14 | 13 | 649 | 100 | n/m | n/m |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total Externalisation Revenue | 1,041 | 100 | (55) | (55) | 649 | 100 | n/m | n/m |
Table 5: Initial Externalisation Revenue
A breakdown of Initial Externalisation Revenue in the year is shown below:
| Medicine | Party | Region | $m |
| Crestor | Almirall, S.A. | Spain | 61 |
| Other |
|
| 51 |
| | | | |
| Total |
|
| 112 |
Table 6: Ongoing Externalisation Revenue
A breakdown of Ongoing Externalisation Revenue in the year is shown below:
| Medicine | Party | Region | $m |
| MSD - milestone revenue (regulatory) | Global | 140 | |
| MSD - milestone revenue (sales-related) | Global | 250 | |
| MSD - milestone revenue (option payment) | Global | 400 | |
| Other |
|
| 139 |
| | | | |
| Total |
|
| 929 |
Table 7: Externalised and divested medicines
Several AstraZeneca medicines were externalised or divested in FY 2018, thus adversely impacting the Product Sales performance:
| Completion | Medicine | Region | FY 2018[19] | FY 2017 | Adverse Impact on FY 2018 Product Sales | |
| $m | $m | $m | % | |||
| January 2018 | Crestor | Spain | 7 | 74 | (67) |
|
| June 2018 | Seroquel XR and | UK, China and other countries | 109 | 148 | (39) |
|
| September 2018 | Europe | 70 | 86 | (16) |
| |
| November 2018 | Europe, Global | 235 | 248 | (13) |
| |
| | | | | | | |
|
| Total |
| 421 | 556 | (135) | 2% |
The performance of new and legacy medicines is shown below, with a geographical split shown in Notes 7 & 8.
Table 8: FY 2018 therapy area and medicine performance
| Therapy Area | Medicine | FY 2018 | |||
| $m | % of total | % change | |||
| Actual | CER | ||||
| Oncology | Tagrisso | 1,860 | 9 | 95 | 93 |
| Lynparza | 647 | 3 | n/m | n/m | |
| Imfinzi | 633 | 3 | n/m | n/m | |
| Iressa | 518 | 2 | (2) | (4) | |
| Calquence | 62 | - | n/m | n/m | |
| LEGACY: | | | | | |
| Faslodex | 1,028 | 5 | 9 | 9 | |
| Zoladex | 752 | 4 | 2 | 2 | |
| Arimidex | 212 | 1 | (2) | (3) | |
| Casodex | 201 | 1 | (7) | (8) | |
| Others | 115 | 1 | 1 | (1) | |
| Total Oncology | 6,028 | 29 | 50 | 49 | |
| CVRM | Farxiga | 1,391 | 7 | 30 | 30 |
| Brilinta | 1,321 | 6 | 22 | 21 | |
| Bydureon | 584 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Onglyza | 543 | 3 | (11) | (11) | |
| Byetta | 126 | 1 | (28) | (28) | |
| Symlin | 34 | - | (29) | (29) | |
| LEGACY: | | | | | |
| Crestor | 1,433 | 7 | (39) | (40) | |
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 712 | 3 | 2 | 4 | |
| Atacand | 260 | 1 | (13) | (12) | |
| Others | 306 | 1 | (11) | (12) | |
| Total CVRM | 6,710 | 32 | (8) | (8) | |
| Respiratory | Symbicort | 2,561 | 12 | (9) | (10) |
| Pulmicort | 1,286 | 6 | 9 | 8 | |
| Fasenra | 297 | 1 | n/m | n/m | |
| Daliresp/Daxas | 189 | 1 | (5) | (5) | |
| Tudorza/Eklira | 110 | 1 | (27) | (29) | |
| Duaklir | 95 | - | 20 | 14 | |
| Bevespi | 33 | - | n/m | n/m | |
| Others | 340 | 2 | 20 | 18 | |
| Total Respiratory | 4,911 | 23 | 4 | 3 | |
| Other | Nexium | 1,702 | 8 | (13) | (14) |
| Synagis | 665 | 3 | (3) | (3) | |
| Seroquel XR/IR | 361 | 2 | (29) | (31) | |
| Losec/Prilosec | 272 | 1 | - | (2) | |
| FluMist/Fluenz | 110 | 1 | 41 | 44 | |
| Movantik/Moventig | 109 | 1 | (11) | (11) | |
| Others | 181 | 1 | (66) | (67) | |
| Total Other | 3,400 | 16 | (18) | (19) | |
| | Total Product Sales | 21,049 | 100 | 4 | 4 |
Specialty-care medicines comprise all Oncology medicines and Fasenra. At 30% of Product Sales, specialty-care medicine sales increased by 57% in the year (56% at CER) to $6,325m (FY 2017: $4,025m).
Table 9: Q4 2018 therapy area and medicine performance
| Therapy Area | Medicine | Q4 2018 | |||
| $m | % of total | % change | |||
| Actual | CER | ||||
| Oncology | Tagrisso | 594 | 10 | 95 | 98 |
| Lynparza | 209 | 4 | n/m | n/m | |
| Imfinzi | 262 | 5 | n/m | n/m | |
| Iressa | 112 | 2 | (14) | (11) | |
| Calquence | 24 | - | n/m | n/m | |
| LEGACY: | | | | | |
| Faslodex | 269 | 5 | 13 | 16 | |
| Zoladex | 182 | 3 | (3) | 3 | |
| Arimidex | 46 | 1 | (19) | (16) | |
| Casodex | 46 | 1 | (15) | (13) | |
| Others | 23 | - | (21) | (17) | |
| Total Oncology | 1,767 | 31 | 58 | 61 | |
| CVRM | Farxiga | 397 | 7 | 20 | 24 |
| Brilinta | 376 | 7 | 26 | 29 | |
| Bydureon | 138 | 2 | (6) | (5) | |
| Onglyza | 148 | 3 | (18) | (15) | |
| Byetta | 32 | 1 | (33) | (31) | |
| Symlin | 10 | - | (23) | (23) | |
| LEGACY: | | | | | |
| Crestor | 353 | 6 | (41) | (38) | |
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 160 | 3 | (5) | 4 | |
| Atacand | 58 | 1 | (21) | (14) | |
| Others | 75 | 1 | (12) | (8) | |
| Total CVRM | 1,747 | 30 | (10) | (6) | |
| Respiratory | Symbicort | 636 | 11 | (15) | (13) |
| Pulmicort | 389 | 7 | 5 | 9 | |
| Fasenra | 125 | 2 | n/m | n/m | |
| Daliresp/Daxas | 54 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
| Tudorza/Eklira | 19 | - | (55) | (55) | |
| Duaklir | 22 | - | (4) | - | |
| Bevespi | 10 | - | 25 | 25 | |
| Others | 107 | 2 | 26 | 32 | |
| Total Respiratory | 1,362 | 24 | 2 | 5 | |
| Other | Nexium | 390 | 7 | (9) | (6) |
| Synagis | 251 | 4 | 7 | 7 | |
| FluMist/Fluenz | 75 | 1 | 29 | 33 | |
| Losec/Prilosec | 60 | 1 | (13) | (9) | |
| Seroquel XR/IR | 56 | 1 | (65) | (64) | |
| Movantik/Moventig | 25 | - | (17) | (17) | |
| Others | 35 | 1 | (70) | (68) | |
| Total Other | 892 | 15 | (18) | (17) | |
| Total Product Sales | 5,768 | 100 | 5 | 8 | |
Product Sales of $6,028m in the year; an increase of 50% (49% at CER). Oncology Product Sales represented 29% of total Product Sales, up from 20% in FY 2017.
Lung cancer
In the 2nd-line setting, Tagrisso has been approved and launched in over 80 countries, including the US, in Europe, Japan and China for patients with EGFR T790M-mutated NSCLC. By the end of the period, Tagrisso had been approved in more than c.60 countries including the US, in Europe and Japan for the 1st-line treatment of patients with EGFRm NSCLC; a number of additional regulatory reviews are also underway.
Product Sales of $1,860m in the year represented growth of 95% (93% at CER), partly driven by increased testing rates and the aforementioned approvals in the 1st-line setting. Continued growth was also delivered in the 2nd-line indication in other countries, including in Europe and Emerging Markets. Tagrisso became AstraZeneca's second-largest selling medicine and largest-selling Oncology medicine in the year.
Sales in the US increased by 115% to $869m, with sequential growth in the quarter of 21% to $289m; Tagrisso was established as the SoC in the 1st-line setting. A high level of penetration was achieved following the April 2018 approval in that setting.
Within Emerging Markets, Tagrisso sales increased by 157% in the year (159% at CER) to $347m, with notable growth in China, where the medicine was approved in March 2017 in the 2nd-line setting. Q4 2018 sales of Tagrisso in Emerging Markets declined sequentially from $107m to $81m, reflecting the addition of Tagrisso to the NRDL with effect from January 2019. The Asia-Pacific region has a relatively high prevalence of lung-cancer patients with an EGFR mutation, namely c.30-40% of lung-cancer patients, contrasting with c.10-15% in the Western hemisphere.
In Europe, sales of $314m in the year represented growth of 68% (61% at CER), driven by further growth in testing rates, positive reimbursement decisions and strong levels of demand in the 2nd-line setting. Sales in Europe increased sequentially by 11% (12% at CER) to $92m in Q4 2018 as the medicine reached more patients, with the benefit felt from the EU regulatory approval in June 2018 for the 1st-line treatment of patients with EGFRm NSCLC. Tagrisso was subsequently launched in a number of countries in this setting, including in France and Germany, where Tagrisso is listed as the preferred 1st-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor in local guidelines; reimbursement negotiations are underway elsewhere, with reimbursement decisions expected later in 2019.
Sales of Tagrisso in Japan increased by 45% in the year (43% at CER) to $317m, reflecting increasing use as a 1st-line treatment, following approval in this setting in the third quarter. Focused activities to maximise testing and utilisation rates in the 2nd-line setting also supported the growth in Product Sales.
Imfinzi
Imfinzi is approved in more than c.40 countries, including the US, in Europe and Japan, for the treatment of patients with unresectable, Stage III NSCLC whose disease has not progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy (CRT). It is also approved for the 2nd-line treatment of patients with locally-advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (bladder cancer) in a number of countries, including the US.
Global Product Sales of Imfinzi amounted to $633m in the year (Q4 2018: $262m), of which $564m of sales emanated from the US, mostly for the treatment of unresectable, Stage III NSCLC. $35m of sales in Japan and $27m of sales in Europe in FY 2018 followed recent approvals and launches; time was taken to achieve reimbursement decisions in many markets. Additional regulatory approvals are expected in due course and subsequent launches will follow anticipated reimbursement decisions.
Product Sales of $518m in the year; a decline of 2% (4% at CER).
Emerging Markets sales increased by 14% (12% at CER) to $286m; Iressa entered the NRDL in China in 2017 and was included in the China 4+7 pilot tender scheme during the year. Given the growing use of Tagrisso, sales of Iressa declined by 33% to $26m in the US and declined by 3% (8% at CER) to $109m in Europe.
Lynparza
By the end of the period, Lynparza was approved in over 60 countries for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Launches in the treatment of breast cancer took place in the US and Japan in 2018 and the indication is under regulatory review in Europe.
Product Sales of Lynparza amounted to $647m, an increase of 118% (116% at CER). The strong performance was geographically spread, with ongoing launches in the Established Rest of World (ROW) and Emerging Markets. Ongoing MSD co-promotion efforts also contributed to sales.
US sales increased by 145% in the year to $345m, driven by increased demand that reflected continued growth in the treatment with Lynparza of patients suffering from ovarian or breast cancer. In December 2018, Lynparza was approved by the US FDA as a 1st-line maintenance treatment of patients with BRCAm ovarian cancer and remained the leading US medicine in the poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP)-inhibitor class in the year, as measured by total prescription volumes and in both ovarian and breast cancer.
Sales in Europe increased by 46% in the year (41% at CER) to $190m, driven by increasing levels of reimbursement and BRCA testing rates. The Company also rolled out a number of launches in a broad, 2nd-line, maintenance ovarian-cancer indication, regardless of BRCA status. In the first half of the year, the Company announced that the EMA had approved the use of Lynparza tablets (300mg twice daily) as a treatment for the same patient population.
Following the initial launch in April 2018, Japan sales of Lynparza in the year as a treatment for 2nd-line maintenance ovarian cancer amounted to $48m. In July 2018, an additional approval was granted as a targeted chemotherapy-sparing treatment for BRCAm, metastatic breast cancer; a respective launch followed thereafter.
Emerging Markets sales of $51m in the year reflected the approval of Lynparza as a 2nd-line maintenance treatment of patients with ovarian cancer by the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), resulting in the subsequent launch of Lynparza in China, the first PARP inhibitor to be approved in the country.
Haematology and other Oncology medicines
Calquence
Product Sales of $62m in the year; Calquence was approved and launched in the US in October 2017. The medicine delivered a promising performance in the year, with more than one third of new patients now treated in the 2nd line with Calquence in the approved indication of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). At the end of 2018, the first regulatory approvals outside the US for the treatment of patients with MCL were granted in Brazil and the United Arab Emirates, with launches expected to benefit patients in 2019.
Product Sales of $1,028m in the year; an increase of 9%, reflecting volume growth. Faslodex achieved blockbuster status in the year, namely sales of more than $1bn.
Emerging Markets sales of Faslodex increased by 34% in the year (41% at CER) to $154m. US sales increased by 9% to $537m, highlighting a continued strong uptake of the combination with the CDK4/6 class, medicines approved for the treatment of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer.
Europe sales declined by 14% in the year (19% at CER) to $221m, reflecting the impact of generic entrants in certain countries. In June 2017, a label extension, based upon the FALCON trial in the 1st-line setting, was approved in Japan, where sales increased by 51% in the year (49% at CER) to $109m, despite the impact of the biennial price cut, implemented in April 2018.
Product Sales of $752m in the year; an increase of 2%.
Emerging Markets sales of Zoladex increased by 16% in the year (18% at CER) to $409m. Sales in Europe declined by 6% (10% at CER) to $133m. In the Established ROW region, sales declined by 11% (12% at CER) to $202m, driven by the effects of increased competition. In March 2017, the Company completed an agreement with TerSera Therapeutics LLC for the sale of the commercial rights to Zoladex in the US and Canada.
CVRM
Total CVRM sales, which included Crestor and other legacy medicines, declined by 8% to $6,710m. Total CVRM sales comprised 32% of total Product Sales in the year, down from 36% in FY 2017. New CVRM sales increased by 12% in the year to $4,004m, reflecting the strong performances of Farxiga and Brilinta.
Diabetes
Product Sales of $1,391m in the year; an increase of 30%.
Emerging Markets sales of Forxiga increased by 45% in the year (52% at CER) to $336m, reflecting ongoing launches, improved levels of patient access and strong performances in key markets such as Brazil. In 2017, Forxiga became the first SGLT2-inhibitor medicine to be approved in China; since the subsequent launch, the medicine has seen growing levels of access.
US sales increased by 21% in the year to $591m. The performance in the first half of 2018 was favourably impacted by the Company's changes to affordability programmes at the end of H1 2017. Despite slowing growth in the US, the SGLT2 class continued to be underpinned by growing evidence around cardiovascular (CV) benefits.
Sales in Europe increased by 30% in the year (24% at CER) to $315m. In Japan, sales increased by 42% (40% to CER) to $75m. Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, collaborating with AstraZeneca, records in-market sales in Japan.
Product Sales of $584m in the year; an increase of 2% (1% at CER).
Sales in the US increased by 4% in the year to $475m. This illustrated a continued encouraging performance from the launch of Bydureon BCise. Favourable sales volumes were driven by continued growth in the glucagon-like peptide-1 class, at the expense of insulin, for more-advanced type-2 diabetes patients. Bydureon sales in Europe declined by 8% (13% at CER) to $81m. In August 2018, the Company announced that Bydureon BCise had been approved by the EMA.
Q4 2018 global sales of Bydureon declined by 6% (5% at CER) to $138m, reflecting ongoing production constraints.
Product Sales of $543m in the year, a decline of 11%.
The performance reflected adverse pressures on the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) class and an acceleration of ongoing diabetes-market dynamics, where patients are moving to medicines and classes of medicines with proven CV benefits. Given the significant future potential of Farxiga, the Company continues to prioritise commercial support over Onglyza.
Sales in Emerging Markets increased by 32% in the year (34% at CER) to $172m; this partly reflected the full-year effect of entry onto the NRDL in China in 2017. Sales in Europe declined by 14% (18% at CER) to $89m, highlighting the broader trend of a shift away from the DPP-4 class.
Other CVRM medicines
Product Sales of $1,321m in the year; an increase of 22% (21% at CER). Total Brilinta sales increased by 26% in Q4 2018 (29% at CER) to $376m.
Emerging Markets sales of Brilinta increased by 46% in the year (48% at CER) to $326m, bolstered by the entry onto the NRDL in China in 2017. US sales of Brilinta, at $588m, represented an increase of 16%. The performance, underlined by volume growth, was driven primarily by an increase in the number of patients initiated on Brilinta in hospitals and a lengthening in the average-weighted duration of treatment, reflecting the impact of growing 90-day prescriptions. Furthermore, Brilinta continued to deliver increasing levels of market share during the period. US sales increased by 15% in the quarter to $177m.
Sales of Brilique in Europe increased by 18% in the year (13% at CER) to $348m, highlighting increased HRPMI-penetration levels across a number of markets.
Lokelma
Lokelma's launch programme recently began in Scandinavia. It was approved in the EU in 2018 for the treatment of hyperkalaemia, a serious condition characterised by elevated potassium levels in the blood associated with CV, renal and metabolic diseases; launches will commence in major European markets in due course.
In the US, where Lokelma was approved in 2018, the Company has market-preparation processes underway in order to secure coverage across commercial and Medicare Part D plans. AstraZeneca has also actioned procedures to ensure inclusion on hospital formularies so that patients have adequate access to Lokelma when it is anticipated to become broadly available in the second half of 2019.
Product Sales of $1,433m in the year; a decline of 39% (40% at CER).
Sales in China increased by 22% in the year (19% at CER) to $456m, a result of underlying demand. Market growth in statin usage, AstraZeneca's commercial strength in China and the Company's successful strategy of broader coverage in China also continued to impact sales favourably.
During the period, however, the results of the first round of negotiation from the aforementioned 4+7 scheme were announced, with Crestor being unsuccessful; the decision is anticipated to have an adverse impact on sales of Crestor in China.
US sales declined by 54% in the year to $170m, underlining the ongoing impact of the entry of multiple Crestor generic medicines in 2016. In Europe, sales declined by 70% (71% at CER) to $203m, reflecting a similar impact that began in 2017.
In Japan, where AstraZeneca collaborates with Shionogi Co. Ltd, sales declined by 66% in the year (67% at CER) to $166m, reflecting the impact of the entry of multiple Crestor competitors in the market in the final quarter of 2017; AstraZeneca expects this impact to recede significantly in 2019. The decline also reflected actions by the Japanese government to focus further on incentives to increase the adoption of generic medicines.
Product Sales of $4,911m in the year; an increase of 4% (3% at CER). Respiratory Product Sales represented 23% of total Product Sales, unchanged vs. FY 2017.
Product Sales of $2,561m in the year; a decline of 9% (10% at CER).
Symbicort continued to lead the global market by volume within the inhaled corticosteroid / long-acting beta agonist (LABA) class.
Emerging Markets sales of Symbicort increased by 13% in the year (14% at CER) to $495m. In contrast, US sales declined by 22% to $862m, reflecting continued pricing pressure, the timing of government buying and the impact of managed-market rebates. The performance was in line with expectations, with challenging pricing pressure expected to continue.
In Europe, sales declined by 6% in the year (10% at CER) to $773m; the performance partly reflected the level of price competition from other branded and Symbicort-analogue medicines, plus government pricing interventions. Symbicort, however, continued to retain its class-leadership position and stabilise its volume market share in the class, with volume growth achieved in a number of markets.
In Japan, sales increased by 1% in the year (stable at CER) to $207m, despite the impact of the aforementioned biennial price cut. In January 2019, AstraZeneca and Astellas Pharma Co. Ltd (Astellas) announced that the sale and distribution of Symbicort, conducted by Astellas in Japan, was to be transferred to AstraZeneca and that the co-promotion conducted by Astellas and AstraZeneca will be terminated on 30 July 2019. The Company will solely distribute and promote the medicine in Japan from 31 July 2019.
Product Sales of $1,286m in the year; an increase of 9% (8% at CER).
Emerging Markets, where sales increased by 18% in the year (17% at CER) to $995m, represented 77% of global sales of Pulmicort. China, making up the overwhelming majority of Pulmicort sales in Emerging Markets, delivered a particularly strong performance, supported by higher demand and strong underlying volume growth, underpinned by the impact of AstraZeneca's contribution to increasing numbers of nebulisation centres.
Sales in the US and Europe declined by 26% to $116m and by 2% (8% at CER) to $90m in the year, respectively, a consequence of the medicine's legacy status.
Fasenra
Product Sales of $297m in the year (Q4 2018: $125m).
In November 2017, the Company was granted approval for Fasenra in the US as a treatment of patients with severe, eosinophilic asthma; the approval was followed immediately by the launch of the medicine and US sales amounted to $218m in the year. New-to-brand prescription data showed that Fasenra was the preferred IL-5 biologic medicine for the treatment of severe asthma at the end of the period, despite being third to market.
In Europe and Japan, AstraZeneca was granted regulatory approval in January 2018 on a similar basis to that in the US. In Europe, sales totalled $32m in the year, predominately reflecting strong sales in Germany. Sales in Japan amounted to $45m in the year, following its launch in the second quarter; Fasenra is already leading the class by value share in Japan.
Product Sales of $189m in the year; a decline of 5%.
US sales, representing 82% of the global total, declined by 7% to $155m, driven by the impact of low market growth and payer pressures. It is the only oral, selective, long-acting inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4, an inflammatory enzyme associated with COPD. Sales in Europe increased by 8% (4% at CER) to $28m.
Product Sales of $110m in the year; a decline of 27% (29% at CER).
Sales in the US declined by 62% to $25m, reflecting the impact of federal purchases. In March 2017, AstraZeneca announced that it had entered a strategic collaboration with Circassia Pharmaceuticals plc (Circassia) for the development and commercialisation of Tudorza in the US, where AstraZeneca records Product Sales. As part of the collaboration agreement, Circassia had the opportunity to exercise an option to sub-licence the commercial rights to Tudorza in the US by paying $25m. The option was exercised in Q4 2018 and completed in Q1 2019.
Sales in Europe increased by 1% in the year (a decline of 3% at CER) to $74m, impacted by the deterioration of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) monotherapy class.
Product Sales of $95m in the year; an increase of 20% (14% at CER).
Product Sales increased by 106% in the year to $33m.
Launched in the US in Q1 2017, Bevespi saw prescriptions in the period track in line with other LAMA/LABA launches; the class in the US, however, continued to grow more slowly than anticipated previously. Bevespi was the first medicine launched using the Company's proprietary Aerosphere Delivery Technology.
Product Sales of $3,400m; a decline of 18% (19% at CER). Other Product Sales represented 16% of total Product Sales, down from 21% in 2017.
Product Sales of $1,702m in the year; a decline of 13% (14% at CER).
Emerging Markets sales increased by 1% in the year to $690m, while sales in the US declined by 39% to $306m. In Europe, sales declined by 5% (10% at CER) at $235m. In October 2018, AstraZeneca announced that it had agreed to divest the prescription medicine rights to Nexium in Europe to Grünenthal. In Japan, where AstraZeneca collaborates with Daiichi Sankyo Company, Ltd, sales declined by 8% (9% at CER) to $405m.
Product Sales of $665m in the year; a decline of 3%.
US sales declined by 9% to $287m and continued to be impacted by the prevailing guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases. Product Sales to AbbVie Inc., responsible for the commercialisation of Synagis in over 80 countries outside the US, increased by 2% to $377m.
In January 2019, the Company completed an agreement with Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (Sobi) for the sale and licence of the rights to Synagis in the US.
Seroquel XR and Seroquel IR
Product Sales of $361m in the year; a decline of 29% (31% at CER).
Sales of Seroquel XR in the US declined by 58% to $73m, reflecting the ongoing impact of generic-medicine competition. Sales of Seroquel XR in Europe declined by 21% (24% at CER) to $62m, highlighting a similar impact. In May 2018, the Company announced that it had entered into an agreement with Luye Pharma Group, Ltd. (Luye Pharma) for the sale and licence of the rights to Seroquel XR and Seroquel IR in the UK, China and other markets. Sales of Seroquel IR declined by 7% in the year (8% at CER) to $167m.
FluMist/Fluenz
Product Sales of $110m in the year; an increase of 41% (44% at CER). FluMist returned to the US market in Q3 2018 in time for the 2018-2019 influenza season, where sales amounted to $15m in the year. Sales of Fluenz in Europe increased by 20% (22% at CER) in the year to $91m.
Table 10: Regional Product Sales
| | FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | |||||||
| $m | % of total | % change | $m | % of total | % change | ||||
| Actual | CER | Actual | CER | ||||||
| Emerging Markets[20] | 6,891 | 33 | 12 | 13 | 1,766 | 31 | 8 | 16 | |
| | China | 3,795 | 18 | 28 | 25 | 948 | 16 | 17 | 22 |
| | Ex-China | 3,096 | 15 | (3) | 1 | 818 | 14 | - | 10 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| US | 6,876 | 33 | 11 | 11 | 2,037 | 35 | 15 | 15 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Europe | 4,459 | 21 | (6) | (10) | 1,173 | 20 | (9) | (7) | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Established ROW | 2,823 | 13 | (8) | (9) | 792 | 14 | - | 1 | |
| | Japan | 2,004 | 10 | (9) | (11) | 588 | 10 | 4 | 5 |
| | Canada | 489 | 2 | 1 | - | 131 | 2 | - | 4 |
| | Other Established ROW | 330 | 2 | (15) | (14) | 73 | 1 | (27) | (22) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | 21,049 | 100 | 4 | 4 | 5,768 | 100 | 5 | 8 | |
Table 11: Regional Product Sales, Emerging Markets
Product Sales of $6,891m in the year, an increase of 12% (13% at CER). Q4 2018 sales of $1,766m represented an increase of 8% (16% at CER) and continued the strong double-digit growth seen in prior periods. The new medicines represented 15% of Emerging Markets' sales in the year, up from 10% in FY 2017.
|
| FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | |||||||
| $m | % of total | % change | $m | % of total | % change | ||||
| Actual | CER | Actual | CER | ||||||
| Oncology | 1,528 | 22 | 36 | 37 | 355 | 20 | 19 | 30 | |
| CVRM | 2,695 | 39 | 14 | 15 | 691 | 39 | 12 | 21 | |
| Respiratory | 1,644 | 24 | 18 | 18 | 497 | 28 | 17 | 25 | |
| Other | 1,024 | 15 | (19) | (19) | 223 | 13 | (23) | (21) | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | 6,891 | 100 | 12 | 13 | 1,766 | 100 | 8 | 16 | |
China sales, comprising 55% of total Emerging Markets sales, increased by 28% in the year (25% at CER) to $3,795m and by 17% (22% at CER) in the quarter to $948m. New medicines delivered particularly encouraging sales growth, supported by strong performances from Pulmicort, Seloken, Crestor, Nexium and Symbicort. New medicines represented 11% of China sales in the year, up from 7% in 2017.
Table 12: Regional Product Sales, US
| | FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | ||||
| $m | % of total | % change | $m | % of total | % change | |
| Oncology | 2,412 | 35 | n/m | 792 | 39 | 134 |
| CVRM | 2,206 | 32 | (7) | 604 | 30 | (14) |
| Respiratory | 1,416 | 21 | (6) | 386 | 19 | (6) |
| Other | 842 | 12 | (28) | 255 | 12 | (20) |
| | | | | | | |
| Total | 6,876 | 100 | 11 | 2,037 | 100 | 15 |
Table 13: Regional Product Sales, Europe
Product Sales of $4,459m in the year; a decline of 6% (10% at CER), reflecting the impact of the entry of generic Crestor medicines in various European markets in 2017 and continued competitive and price pressures. Excluding sales of Crestor, Europe sales increased by 4% (stable at CER) to $4,256m. Crestor sales in Europe declined by 70% in the year (71% at CER) to $203m and represented 5% of Europe sales. New medicines delivered an encouraging performance in the year, representing 28% of Europe Product Sales, up from 18% in FY 2017.
| | FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | ||||||
| $m | % of total | % change | $m | % of total | % change | |||
| | | Actual | CER | | Actual | CER | ||
| Oncology | 1,053 | 24 | 19 | 14 | 287 | 25 | 19 | 21 |
| CVRM | 1,230 | 27 | (26) | (29) | 295 | 25 | (28) | (26) |
| Respiratory | 1,229 | 28 | 1 | (4) | 307 | 26 | (9) | (7) |
| Other | 947 | 21 | (5) | (8) | 284 | 24 | (6) | (3) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Total | 4,459 | 100 | (6) | (10) | 1,173 | 100 | (9) | (7) |
Table 14: Regional Product Sales, Established ROW
Product Sales of $2,823m; a decline of 8% (9% at CER). New medicines represented 24% of Established ROW sales in the year, up from 13% in 2017. The performance during the period reflected, in particular, the success of Tagrisso and Forxiga.
| | FY 2018 | Q4 2018 | |||||||
| $m | % of total | % change | $m | % of total | % change | ||||
| Actual | CER | Actual | CER | ||||||
| Oncology | 1,035 | 37 | 16 | 14 | 333 | 42 | 38 | 38 | |
| CVRM | 579 | 21 | (33) | (34) | 157 | 20 | (24) | (22) | |
| Respiratory | 622 | 22 | 5 | 4 | 172 | 22 | 6 | 8 | |
| Other | 587 | 21 | (19) | (20) | 130 | 16 | (29) | (27) | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | 2,823 | 100 | (8) | (9) | 792 | 100 | - | 1 | |
Japan, comprising 71% of total Established ROW sales, declined by 9% (11% at CER) to $2,004m (Q4 2018 sales increased by 4% (5% at CER) to $588m). The impact of the entry of generic Crestor medicines was felt faster than expected; the biennial price reduction also adversely affected sales in the year. Excluding sales of Crestor, Japan sales increased by 7% (5% at CER) to $1,838m. Crestor sales in Japan declined by 66% (67% at CER) to $166m and represented 8% of Japan sales in the year. Sales of Tagrisso in Japan increased by 45% in the year (43% at CER) to $317m, reflecting increasing use as a 1st-line treatment, following approval in this setting in the third quarter. Focused activities to maximise testing and utilisation rates in the 2nd-line indication also supported the growth in Product Sales.
Table 15: FY 2018 Reported Profit and Loss
| | Reported | |||
| FY 2018 | FY 2017 | % change | ||
| $m | $m | Actual | CER | |
| Product Sales | 21,049 | 20,152 | 4 | 4 |
| Externalisation Revenue | 1,041 | 2,313 | (55) | (55) |
| Total Revenue | 22,090 | 22,465 | (2) | (2) |
| | | | | |
| Cost of Sales | (4,936) | (4,318) | 14 | 13 |
| | | | | |
| Gross Profit | 17,154 | 18,147 | (5) | (6) |
| Gross Margin[21] | 76.6% | 79.6% | -3 | -3 |
| | | | | |
| Distribution Expense | (331) | (310) | 7 | 6 |
| % Total Revenue | 1.5% | 1.4% | - | - |
| R&D Expense | (5,932) | (5,757) | 3 | 3 |
| % Total Revenue | 26.9% | 25.6% | -1 | -1 |
| SG&A Expense | (10,031) | (10,233) | (2) | (3) |
| % Total Revenue | 45.4% | 45.5% | - | - |
| Other Operating Income and Expense | 2,527 | 1,830 | 38 | 38 |
| % Total Revenue | 11.4% | 8.1% | +3 | +3 |
| | | | | |
| Operating Profit | 3,387 | 3,677 | (8) | (7) |
| % Total Revenue | 15.3% | 16.4% | -1 | -1 |
| Net Finance Expense | (1,281) | (1,395) | (8) | 2 |
| Joint Ventures and Associates | (113) | (55) | n/m | n/m |
| Profit Before Tax | 1,993 | 2,227 | (10) | (14) |
| Taxation | 57 | 641 | | |
| Tax Rate | (3)% | (29)% | | |
| Profit After Tax | 2,050 | 2,868 | (29) | (30) |
| | | | | |
| Earnings Per Share | $1.70 | $2.37 | (28) | (29) |
Table 16: Q4 2018 Reported Profit and Loss
|
| Reported | ||||
| Q4 2018 | Q4 2017 | % change | |||
| $m | $m | Actual | CER | ||
| Product Sales | 5,768 | 5,487 | 5 | 8 | |
| Externalisation Revenue | 649 | 290 | n/m | n/m | |
| Total Revenue | 6,417 | 5,777 | 11 | 14 | |
| | | | | | |
| Cost of Sales | (1,637) | (1,225) | 34 | 37 | |
| | | | | | |
| Gross Profit | 4,780 | 4,552 | 5 | 8 | |
| Gross Margin[22] | 71.6% | 77.6% | -6 | -6 | |
| | | | | | |
| Distribution Expense | (93) | (85) | 10 | 16 | |
| % Total Revenue | 1.5% | 1.5% | - | - | |
| R&D Expense | (2,012) | (1,551) | 30 | 33 | |
| % Total Revenue | 31.4% | 26.8% | -4 | -4 | |
| SG&A Expense | (2,600) | (3,078) | (16) | (12) | |
| % Total Revenue | 40.5% | 53.3% | +13 | +12 | |
| Other Operating Income & Expense | 1,002 | 848 | 18 | 19 | |
| % Total Revenue | 15.6% | 14.7% | +1 | +1 | |
| | | | | | |
| Operating Profit | 1,077 | 686 | 57 | 54 | |
| % Total Revenue | 16.8% | 11.9% | +5 | +4 | |
| Net Finance Expense | (311) | (267) | 17 | 24 | |
| Joint Ventures and Associates | (36) | (12) | n/m | n/m | |
| Profit Before Tax | 730 | 407 | 79 | 69 | |
| Taxation | 279 | 854 | | | |
| Tax Rate | (38)% | (210)% | | | |
| Profit After Tax | 1,009 | 1,261 | (20) | (22) | |
| | | | | | |
| Earnings Per Share | $0.82 | $1.03 | (21) | (22) | |
Table 17: Reconciliation of Reported Profit Before Tax to EBITDA[23]
| | FY 2018 $m | FY 2017 $m | % change | |
| Actual | CER | |||
| Reported Profit Before Tax | 1,993 | 2,227 | (10) | (14) |
| Net Finance Expense | 1,281 | 1,395 | (8) | 2 |
| Joint Ventures and Associates | 113 | 55 | n/m | n/m |
| Depreciation, Amortisation and Impairment | 3,753 | 3,036 | 24 | 24 |
| | | | | |
| EBITDA | 7,140 | 6,713 | 6 | 7 |
Table 18: FY 2018 Reconciliation of Reported to Core financial measures
| | Reported | Restructuring | Intangible Asset Amortisation & Impairments | Diabetes Alliance | Other[24] | Core[25] | Core % change | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | Actual | CER | |
| Gross Profit | 17,154 | 432 | 187 | - | - | 17,773 | (4) | (4) |
| Gross Margin[26] | 76.6% | - | - | - | - | 79.5% | -2 | -2 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Distribution Expense | (331) | - | - | - | - | (331) | 7 | 6 |
| R&D Expense | (5,932) | 94 | 572 | - | - | (5,266) | (3) | (3) |
| SG&A Expense | (10,031) | 181 | 1,582 | (60) | (323) | (8,651) | 10 | 9 |
| Other Operating Income & Expense | 2,527 | (10) | 4 | - | (374) | 2,147 | 10 | 10 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Operating Profit | 3,387 | 697 | 2,345 | (60) | (697) | 5,672 | (17) | (17) |
| % Total Revenue | 15.3% | - | - | - | - | 25.7% | -5 | -5 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net Finance Expense | (1,281) | - | - | 337 | 208 | (736) | 13 | 11 |
| Taxation | 57 | (146) | (487) | (73) | 109 | (540) | (37) | (36) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Earnings Per Share | $1.70 | $0.43 | $1.47 | $0.16 | $(0.30) | $3.46 | (19) | (19) |
Table 19: Q4 2018 Reconciliation of Reported to Core financial measures
| | Reported | Restructuring | Intangible Asset Amortisation & Impairments | Diabetes Alliance | Other[27] | Core[28] | Core % change | |
| $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | $m | Actual | CER | |
| Gross Profit | 4,780 | 355 | 48 | - | - | 5,183 | 11 | 14 |
| Gross Margin[29] | 71.6% | - | - | - | - | 78.6% | (1) | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Distribution Expense | (93) | - | - | - | - | (93) | 10 | 16 |
| R&D Expense | (2,012) | (1) | 547 | - | - | (1,466) | 1 | 3 |
| SG&A Expense | (2,600) | 71 | 515 | (380) | (42) | (2,436) | 12 | 15 |
| Other Operating Income & Expense | 1,002 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 1,004 | 18 | 18 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Operating Profit | 1,077 | 426 | 1,111 | (380) | (42) | 2,192 | 23 | 23 |
| % Total Revenue | 16.8% | - | - | - | - | 34.2% | 3 | 3 |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net Finance Expense | (311) | - | - | 84 | 52 | (175) | 43 | 41 |
| Taxation | 279 | (89) | (238) | 47 | 5 | 4 | n/m | n/m |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Earnings Per Share | $0.82 | $0.26 | $0.69 | $(0.20) | $0.01 | $1.58 | 22 | 22 |
Reported Gross Profit declined by 5% in the year (6% at CER) to $17,154m; Core Gross Profit declined by 4% to $17,773m. The declines primarily reflected the lower level of Externalisation Revenue; there was also an adverse impact from an increase in the Cost of Sales.
The calculation of Reported and Core Gross Margin excludes the impact of Externalisation Revenue, thereby reflecting the underlying performance of Product Sales. The Reported Gross Margin declined by three percentage points in the year to 76.6%; the Core Gross Margin declined by two percentage points to 79.5%. The movements were a result of the favourable impact of manufacturing variances realised in 2017, the inclusion of the profit share on the collaboration with MSD, as well as the effect of losses of exclusivity on Crestor sales in Europe and Japan, partly offset by the growing favourable impact of Oncology sales.
Designed to drive further efficiencies in the operations network, the Company recently decided to close two biologic-medicine manufacturing sites in Colorado, US. Associated with the closures, the Company expects to incur $0.4bn of one-time restructuring charges, the majority of which would be non-cash expenses; $0.3bn of these charges were recognised in FY 2018 as a result of impairments of site-related assets and inventory, impacting the Reported Gross Margin.
Operating Expenses: R&D
Reported R&D Expenses increased by 3% in the year to $5,932m. Targeted investment in the Company's pipeline of medicines is a consistent priority; AstraZeneca, however, is continuing to focus on resource prioritisation, productivity improvements across every therapy area, simplification and improved development processes, all helping to deliver cost reductions. Importantly, high levels of activity remained unchanged in the year.
Highlights of the progress made include:
- Moving late-stage-execution roles to lower-cost locations
- Reducing supply waste
- Optimising protocols, including a review of the number of procedures, countries involved and in-sourcing a larger proportion of clinical trials
Reported R&D Expenses contained Intangible Asset Impairment charges of $532m (FY 2017: $101m), including a $470m charge in respect of MEDI0680, a programmed cell death-1 protein monoclonal antibody, or anti PD-1; the charge reflected the assessed future potential of the antibody.
Core R&D Expenses declined by 3% in the year to $5,266m, reflecting the aforementioned productivity improvements. Core R&D Expenses represented 24% of Total Revenue.
Operating Expenses: SG&A
Reported SG&A Expenses declined by 2% in the year (3% at CER) to $10,031m, primarily due to the movement in the valuation of contingent-consideration liabilities arising on business combinations. Investment focused on commercial and medical-affairs support for launches and extensions of the new medicines. These included Lynparza, Tagrisso, Imfinzi, Calquence and Fasenra; additional investment was also added to support sales growth in China. Intangible Asset Amortisation and Impairment charges of $1,582m (FY 2017: $1,469m), recorded within Reported SG&A Expenses, partly reflected the impact of recent regulatory approvals granted for acquired medicines.
Core SG&A Expenses increased by 10% in the year (9% at CER) to $8,651m, reflecting the aforementioned investments. Core SG&A Expenses represented 39% of Total Revenue.
Where AstraZeneca does not retain a significant ongoing interest in medicines or potential new medicines, income from divestments is reported within Other Operating Income and Expense in the Company's financial statements. Reported Other Operating Income and Expense increased by 38% in the year to $2,527m and included:
- $695m, reflecting an agreement with Grünenthal for the prescription medicine rights to Nexium in Europe. Within the same agreement, an additional $33m reflected the sale of the global rights (excluding the US and Japan) to Vimovo. The agreement completed in Q4 2018
- $527m, reflecting an agreement with Luye Pharma for the rights to Seroquel XR and Seroquel IR in the UK, China and other international markets
- $346m, resulting from a legal settlement
- $210m, reflecting an agreement with Cheplapharm Arzneimittel GmbH for the commercial rights to Atacand and Atacand Plus in Europe
- $172m, reflecting a milestone payment under an agreement with Aspen Global Incorporated, part of the Aspen Group, for the commercialisation rights to anaesthetic medicines in markets outside the US
- $139m, reflecting an agreement with Covis Pharma B.V. (Covis Pharma) for the rights to Alvesco, Omnaris and Zetonna. The agreement completed in Q4 2018
- $63m, representing a gain on the spin-out of six potential new medicines from the Company's early-stage inflammation and autoimmunity programme into an independent biotech company, as announced in February 2018
Core Other Operating Income and Expense increased by 10% in the year to $2,147m, with the difference to Reported Other Operating Income and Expense reflecting the aforementioned legal settlement.
Reported Operating Profit declined by 8% in the year (7% at CER) to $3,387m, partly driven by the declines in Total Revenue and the Reported Gross Margin. Restructuring costs declined to $697m in the year (FY 2017: $807m). The Reported Operating Profit margin declined by one percentage point in the year to 15% of Total Revenue. Core Operating Profit declined by 17% in the year to $5,672m; the Core Operating Profit margin declined by five percentage points to 26% of Total Revenue.
Reported Net Finance Expense declined by 8% in the year (an increase of 2% at CER) to $1,281m. The effect of higher Net Debt and an adverse movement in the fair value of bonds and derivative instruments was offset by lower levels of discount unwind on Acerta Pharma B.V. (Acerta Pharma) liabilities and an adverse foreign-exchange impact in the comparative period. Excluding the discount-unwind on acquisition-related liabilities and the adverse foreign exchange impact in the comparative period, Core Net Finance Expense increased by 13% in the year (11% at CER) to $736m.
Profit Before Tax
Reported Profit Before Tax declined by 10% in the year (14% at CER) to $1,993m, reflecting the lower level of Externalisation Revenue, the lower Reported Gross Margin and the increase in Reported R&D Expenses.
Taxation
The Reported Tax Rate of (3)% and the Core Tax Rate in the year of 11% was impacted by a favourable adjustment of $245m to deferred taxes, reflecting the recently-announced reduction in the Dutch corporate income-tax rate, without which the Core Tax Rate would have been 16%. There was also a reduction of $188m in tax provisions and a $52m deferred tax benefit from the Swedish corporate income-tax rate reduction. Excluding these impacts, both the Reported and Core Tax Rates would have been 21%. The net cash tax paid for the year was $537m, representing 27% of Reported Profit Before Tax.
The Reported and Core Tax Rates for the comparative period were (29)% and 4% respectively. The Reported Tax Rate included $617m of adjustments to deferred taxes, in line with the reduced US federal income-tax rate from 35% to 21%. This was excluded from the Core Tax Rate. The Reported and Core Tax Rates reflected a $321m benefit driven by reductions in tax provisions, return to provision adjustments, recognition of previously-unrecognised tax losses and UK Patent-Box profits. The Reported Tax Rate also included a benefit from non-taxable remeasurements of acquisition-related liabilities. Excluding these benefits, the Reported and Core Tax Rates for the comparative period would have been 22%. The cash tax paid for the comparative period was $454m, which was 20% of Reported Profit Before Tax.
Reported EPS of $1.70 in the year represented a decline of 28% (29% at CER). The performance reflected a decline in Total Revenue and the Reported Gross Margin. Core EPS declined by 19% to $3.46, reflecting declines in Total Revenue and the Core Gross Margin, as well as an increase in Core SG&A Expenses.
Dividend Per Share
The Board reaffirms its commitment to the progressive dividend policy; a second interim dividend of $1.90 per share (146.8 pence, 17.46 SEK) has been declared, taking the unchanged full-year dividend per share to $2.80 (215.2 pence, 25.38 SEK). Dividend payments are normally paid as follows:
- First interim dividend - announced with half-year and second-quarter results and paid in September
- Second interim dividend - announced with full-year and fourth-quarter results and paid in March
The record date for the second interim dividend for 2018, payable on 27 March 2019, will be 1 March 2019. The ex-dividend date will be 28 February 2019. The record date for the first interim dividend for 2019, payable on 9 September 2019, will be 9 August 2019. The ex-dividend date will be 8 August 2019.
Table 20: Cash Flow
| | FY 2018 | FY 2017 | Change |
| $m | $m | $m | |
| Reported Operating Profit | 3,387 | 3,677 | (290) |
| Depreciation, Amortisation and Impairment | 3,753 | 3,036 | 717 |
| | | | |
| Increase in Working Capital and Short-Term Provisions | (639) | (50) | (589) |
| Gains on Disposal of Intangible Assets | (1,885) | (1,518) | (367) |
| Non-Cash and Other Movements | (785) | (415) | (370) |
| Interest Paid | (676) | (698) | 22 |
| Tax Paid | (537) | (454) | (83) |
| | | | |
| Net Cash Inflow from Operating Activities | 2,618 | 3,578 | (960) |
| | | | |
| Net Cash Inflow/(Outflow) from Investing Activities | 963 | (2,328) | 3,291 |
| | | | |
| Net Cash Outflows from Financing Activities | (2,044) | (2,936) | 892 |
The Company delivered a net cash inflow from operating activities of $2,618m in the year, compared with an inflow of $3,578m in FY 2017, partly reflecting the increase in the movement of working-capital and short-term provisions impacted by the reduction of provisions related to legal settlements, as well as launch support for new medicines.
Net cash inflows from investing activities were $963m, compared with outflows of $2,328m in FY 2017. The difference partly reflected the payment of deferred consideration in relation to Acerta Pharma in FY 2017 of $1,450m, as well as the movement in short-term investments and fixed deposits. Disposals of intangible assets amounted to $2,338m in the year vs. $1,376m in FY 2017. The cash payment of contingent consideration, in respect of the Bristol-Myers Squibb share of the global Diabetes alliance, amounted to $349m in the year.
Net cash outflows from financing activities were $2,044m in the year, compared to outflows of $2,936m vs. FY 2017; the difference reflected new long-term loans and the repayment of loans in the earlier period.
Capital expenditure amounted to $1,043m in the year, compared to $1,326m in FY 2017. This included the investment in the new global headquarters in Cambridge, UK, as well as strategic biotech manufacturing capacity in Sweden.
Table 21: Debt and capital structure
| | At 31 Dec 2018 | At 31 Dec 2017 |
| $m | $m | |
| Cash and Cash Equivalents | 4,831 | 3,324 |
| Other Investments | 895 | 1,300 |
| | | |
| Cash and Investments | 5,726 | 4,624 |
| | | |
| Overdrafts and Short-Term Borrowings | (755) | (845) |
| Finance Leases | - | (5) |
| Current Instalments of Loans | (999) | (1,397) |
| Loans Due After One Year | (17,359) | (15,560) |
| | | |
| Interest-Bearing Loans and Borrowings (Gross Debt) | (19,113) | (17,807) |
| | | |
| Net Derivatives | 384 | 504 |
| Net Debt | (13,003) | (12,679) |
Capital allocation
The Board's aim is to continue to strike a balance between the interests of the business, financial creditors and the Company's shareholders. After providing for investment in the business, supporting the progressive dividend policy and maintaining a strong, investment-grade credit rating, the Board will keep under review potential investment in immediately earnings-accretive, value-enhancing opportunities.
Foreign exchange
The Group's transactional currency exposures on working-capital balances, which typically extend for up to three months, are hedged where practicable using forward foreign-exchange contracts against the individual Group Companies' reporting currency. In addition, the Group's external dividend payments, paid principally in pounds sterling and Swedish krona, are fully hedged from announcement to payment date. Foreign-exchange gains and losses on forward contracts for transactional hedging are taken to profit.
Table 22: Currency sensitivities
The Company provides the following currency-sensitivity information:
| | Average Exchange | | Annual Impact Of 5% Strengthening in Exchange Rate vs. USD ($m)[30] | |||
| Currency | Primary Relevance | FY 2018[31] | YTD 2019[32] | % change | Product Sales | Core Operating Profit |
| CNY | Product Sales | 6.62 | 6.80 | -3 | +221 | +126 |
| EUR | Product Sales | 0.85 | 0.88 | -3 | +145 | +66 |
| JPY | Product Sales | 110.45 | 108.87 | +1 | +114 | +74 |
| Other[33] | | | | | +216 | +105 |
| | | | | | | |
| GBP | Operating Expenses | 0.75 | 0.78 | -4 | +26 | -72 |
| SEK | Operating Expenses | 8.69 | 8.98 | -3 | +4 | -73 |
a) Nexium divestment in the EU and Vimovo divestment in ex.US/Japan markets
In November 2018, AstraZeneca completed an agreement to divest the prescription medicine rights to Nexium in Europe, as well as the global rights (excluding the US and Japan) to Vimovo, to Grünenthal. Under the terms of the agreement, AstraZeneca received payments of $700m for Nexium and $115m for Vimovo. The upfront payments, net of an appropriate derecognition of an intangible asset related to Vimovo, were reported within Other Operating Income and Expense in the Company's financial statements in Q4 2018 as $728m.
AstraZeneca will continue to commercialise Nexium in all markets outside Europe, where the Company retains the rights. The transaction did not include the transfer of any AstraZeneca employees or facilities. AstraZeneca did not retain any ownership rights to Vimovo globally.
b) Divestment of global rights to Alvesco, Omnaris and Zetonna
In December 2018, AstraZeneca completed an agreement with Covis Pharma to sell its rights to the medicines Alvesco, used for the treatment of persistent asthma, and Omnaris and Zetonna, used for the treatment of nasal symptoms associated with rhinitis. The rights covered markets outside the US and the US royalties for the medicines. The transaction did not include the transfer of any AstraZeneca employees or facilities.
Under the terms of the agreement, AstraZeneca received a payment of $350m from Covis Pharma. As AstraZeneca will not maintain a significant ongoing interest in the medicines, the upfront payment, net of an appropriate derecognition of an intangible asset, was reported as Other Operating Income and Expense in the Company's financial statements in Q4 2018 as $139m.
c) Synagis divestment in the US
In November 2018, AstraZeneca agreed to sell US rights to Synagis, used for the prevention of serious lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus, to Sobi, which will commercialise Synagis in the US; around 130 AstraZeneca employees transferred to Sobi as part of the transaction.
Sobi will also have the right to participate in AstraZeneca's share of US profits and losses related to potential new medicine MEDI8897, intended to treat patients with lower respiratory tract infection. The Company will continue to develop MEDI8897 in collaboration with Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines division of Sanofi S.A.
Upon completion of the agreement in January 2019, AstraZeneca received upfront consideration including cash of $966m and ordinary shares of Sobi with an initial fair market value of c.$600m. This equated to an ownership interest of 8%, based on the relevant Sobi share price. AstraZeneca has undertaken not to sell the shares received as consideration for a period of 12 months following the closing date of the transaction.
AstraZeneca will also receive up to $470m in sales-related payments for Synagis, a $175m milestone following the submission of the Biologics License Application (BLA) for MEDI8897; potential net payments of approximately $110m on achievement of other MEDI8897 profit and development-related milestones; and a total of $60m in non-contingent payments for MEDI8897 during 2019-2021. Under the agreement, Sobi will have the right to participate in payments that may be received by AstraZeneca from the US profits or losses for MEDI8897.
d) AstraZeneca strengthened Oncology development and commercialisation collaboration with Innate Pharma
In October 2018, the Company announced a new multi-term agreement with Innate Pharma, building on an existing collaboration. The extension enriched AstraZeneca's immuno-oncology (IO) portfolio with pre-clinical and clinical potential new medicines. AstraZeneca obtained full oncology rights to the first-in-class humanised anti-NKG2A antibody, monalizumab. AstraZeneca also gained option rights to IPH5201, an antibody targeting CD39, as well as four preclinical molecules from Innate Pharma's pipeline. Innate Pharma licenced the US and EU commercial rights to recently US FDA-approved Lumoxiti for hairy cell leukaemia; Lumoxiti was launched in the US in Q4 2018.
AstraZeneca recorded $50m upfront for Lumoxiti in Q4 2018 and derecognised the related intangible asset, resulting in net income of $6m that was recorded as Other Operating Income and Expense. The Company anticipates receipt of up to $25m for future commercial and regulatory milestones, in consideration for its intellectual property and clinical and manufacturing development of the medicine. AstraZeneca will pay Innate Pharma $100m in the first quarter of 2019 for the expansion of the monalizumab collaboration, reflected by a recognition of an intangible asset in Q4 2018. Further, AstraZeneca paid Innate Pharma $50m upfront for the development collaboration and option for further co-development and co-commercialisation of IPH5201, with recognition of a related intangible asset in Q4 2018.
AstraZeneca also paid Innate Pharma $20m upfront for an exclusive licence to option the aforementioned four molecules, treated as prepaid R&D Expenses. These options can be exercised before the molecules reach clinical development, triggering an option exercise fee in addition to milestones and royalties. Innate Pharma will have the potential for co-promotion and profit sharing in the EU, dependent on future progress. AstraZeneca also acquired a 9.8% equity stake in Innate Pharma, in line with the agreement, through the issuance of 6,260,500 new shares to AstraZeneca at €10/share (€62.6m). A non-current asset investment was recognised in relation to Innate Pharma in Q4 2018, reflecting the transaction. The premium paid on purchase of the shares over the quoted price was capitalised in Q4 2018 as part of the cost of the acquisition of IPH5201.
e) Organisational changes
As AstraZeneca recently entered a new phase in its strategic development, the Company announced in January 2019 organisational changes to enhance scientific innovation and commercial success.
The new structure takes R&D functions from discovery to late-stage development down to two, Oncology and BioPharma. The new Oncology R&D function will be led by a world-renowned expert in the field, José Baselga and the BioPharma R&D function will be led by Mene Pangalos, who was previously responsible for the Company's Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit.
The same approach has been applied to the majority of the Company's commercial operations. The commercial function for Oncology will continue to be led by Dave Fredrickson and the commercial function for BioPharma will be led by Ruud Dobber, most recently responsible for the Company's commercial operations in North America. The Emerging Markets commercial function remains under the leadership of Leon Wang.
The goals of the reorganisation are to:
- Further increase focus on the Company's main therapy areas
- Integrate R&D functions for agile decision making and more flexible resource allocation
- Increase collaboration between the R&D and commercial functions
The R&D and commercial functions will each be represented on the Senior Executive Team of AstraZeneca and report to Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Pascal Soriot. The functions will also share common basic biology and science platforms as well as medicine supply, manufacturing and IT infrastructure to improve efficiency. These resources will continue to be allocated on a Company-wide basis, according to the overall therapy-area considerations and strategy.
Prior to the changes, Bahija Jallal, Executive Vice President, MedImmune and Mark Mallon, Executive Vice President, Global Products and Portfolio Strategy, Global Medical Affairs & Corporate Affairs left AstraZeneca in January 2019. Sean Bohen, Executive Vice President, Global Medicines Development & Chief Medical Officer will provide interim leadership for Global Medicines Development and remain at AstraZeneca as Chief Medical Officer during the transitional period to support implementation of the new structure. A new Chief Medical Officer is expected to be appointed in due course.
AstraZeneca's sustainability ambition has three priority areas[34], aligned with the Company's purpose and business strategy:
- Access to healthcare
- Environmental protection
- Ethics and transparency
Recent developments and progress against the priorities are reported below:
a) Access to Healthcare
The Company was recognised in the 2018 Access to Medicine Index, which analysed 20 of the world's largest research-based pharmaceutical companies as to how they make medicines, vaccines and diagnostics more accessible in low and middle-income countries. It described AstraZeneca as maintaining a strong performance in the year. Retaining a top-10 position, the report praised the Company's innovation and the progress made against pricing commitments since the 2016 report. In particular, it noted the positive application of advanced methods for determining prices for different population subsets. It also highlighted the innovative practices used in the Dunga Beach pilot project in Kenya, that aims to reduce air pollution and improve respiratory health.
During the quarter, the Company saw two key areas of progress in its focus on supporting access to healthcare in Africa. Firstly, the pilot Dunga Beach programme, launched in partnership with the Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership, became fully operational in the Dunga Beach region of Kisumu county in Kenya, supporting efforts to improve respiratory health by enabling the local community to process waste into clean energy. Secondly, the Company launched a new voluntary employee-giving initiative, AZHealthConnect, which enables an initial employee population of AstraZeneca's three strategic science centres - Cambridge, UK Gaithersburg, US and Gothenburg, Sweden - to support families in Kenya with health insurance. Contributions by employees are matched by AstraZeneca and are transferred anonymously to a mobile health wallet to cover annual health insurance for an African family. Developed in response to employee crowd-sourcing, the initiative aims to engage further AstraZeneca employees around the access to healthcare priority of the sustainability strategy, while empowering Africa's poorest people to take good care of their health and build a decent future for themselves and their families. The Company aims to expand the programme to more locations during 2019.
At the close of Q3 2018, AstraZeneca had reached more than 10 million people through its portfolio of Access to Healthcare programmes (Healthy Heart Africa, Phakamisa and Healthy Lung). The Company also expanded the Healthy Lung programme to the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Mexico.
b) Environmental protection
During the period, AstraZeneca was highlighted as a global leader in sustainable water management and for its actions and strategies to manage carbon and climate change across its supply chain by environmental impact not-for-profit organisation CDP. The Company achieved a place on the CDP Water Security A List and was ranked within the top 3% on the supplier engagement leader board. The Company was also recognised for its operational action on climate. Currently awarded a B-listing, AstraZeneca is under re-evaluation upon further review from CDP for a potential upgrade to A- for climate. CDP independently assesses companies against its scoring methodology based on data disclosed about their environmental impacts, risks and opportunities. CDP publishes A-D scores across climate, water and forests for over 3,000 major companies, with the leaders celebrated on the A List.
As part of the Company's commitment to addressing anti-microbial resistance, a paper authored by AstraZeneca with le Page et al was cited by the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations and was included in AstraZeneca's response to the EMA environmental-risk assessment concept paper to remove fish and invertebrate testing for antibiotics. The EMA released a revised guideline taking this research into account, determining that fish trials are no longer required for the development of antibiotics.
Table 23: Environmental protection targets[35]
| Target | Plan year | Performance in the period |
| Reach 25m patients through AstraZeneca's portfolio of access programmes | 2025 |
On plan: AstraZeneca has reached more than 10 million patients through its portfolio of Access to Healthcare programmes (hHF, Phakamisa and Healthy Lung Asia). The Company recently expanded the Healthy Lung programme as mentioned above
|
| Lead the industry to manage pharmaceuticals in the environment | 2025 |
On plan: ecopharmacovigilance (EPV) spatial environmental risk-map updates have been commissioned and product-specific concentration (measured vs. predicted safe) distributions are being developed. These will form the basis for a first published EPV report
AstraZeneca's Pharmaceuticals in the Environment statement was published during the period
|
| Ensure 90% of active pharmaceutical ingredient syntheses meet resource-efficiency targets at launch | 2025 |
Lagging: overall reduction in H1 2018, with a 2% decline across the Company's portfolio
|
| Develop resource-efficiency targets for biological medicines | 2025 |
Lagging: positive developments on benchmarking biologics process resource efficiency data through the American Chemical Society Green Chemistry Institute Pharmaceutical Roundtable. Behind plan on development of target creation
|
| Develop a medicine-sustainability index and pilot approach | 2019 |
On plan: project launched to develop a medicine environmental-sustainability rating system, to be piloted internally prior to external publication in 2019
|
| Achieve Science Based Targets for greenhouse gas emissions | 2025 |
On plan: AstraZeneca's Operational Green House Gas footprint declined by 4% vs. year-to-date 2015 Scope 1 -6% Scope 2 -48% Scope 3 emissions +11%[36]
|
| 100% renewable-power consumption globally by 2025; interim ambition of 100% in the US and Europe by 2020 | 2025 |
On plan: 60% of sites already powered by renewable energy
|
| Reduce energy consumption by 10% against a 2015 baseline | 2025 |
On plan: energy consumption increased by 2% compared with 2015
|
| Expand the number of 'green-fleet' vehicles | 2025 |
On plan: a number of European locations are implementing green-fleet vehicles through their 'Green Mobility' programmes. AstraZeneca US launched the 'GoGreen' initiative and it is expected that by 2022, the Companies entire US fleet will be made up of hybrid vehicles
|
| Maintain water usage as the business grows against a 2015 baseline | 2025 |
Lagging: water use declined by 5% vs. 2015. Water audits and energy efficiency projects have driven large reductions and cost savings. A warm summer for many of AstraZeneca's key sites, however, contributed to higher than expected usage during the period
|
| Reduce waste 10% below the 2015 baseline | 2025 |
On plan: waste generated: -3% vs. 2015 Hazardous waste: -3% Non-hazardous waste: -7% An increase in hazardous waste generation offset by reductions in non-hazardous volumes. Target currently on track despite quarterly fluctuations
|
c) Ethics and transparency
During the period, the Company was recognised in the 2019 Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index, which distinguished companies committed to transparency in gender reporting and advancing women's equality. As the only major pharmaceuticals company represented in the index, the Company achieved a number of top scores and best-in-class ratings across the index categories, including for Board and CEO representation, Pipeline from Workforce to Management, as well as Education Programmes. AstraZeneca employs c.64,000 people in more than 100 countries; in 2018, women made up half of the workforce, comprising 41% the Board and five out of 14 Senior Executive Team members.
During the period, Chairman Leif Johansson signed a pledge with the European Round Table of Industrialists (ERT) calling for action to deliver inclusion and diversity best practices and outcomes across 51 companies and numerous industries. The ERT is an organisation that advocates at both the national and European level to strengthen competitiveness across the EU.
Since committing to provide greater transparency around payments to healthcare professionals (HCPs) and healthcare organisations (HCOs) at the 2018 Annual General Meeting, the Company successfully expanded disclosure activities across an additional five countries by year-end. The Company currently discloses payments to HCPs, HCOs and patient groups across 43 countries, including in Europe, the US, Japan, Australia, the Middle East, Asia Pacific and Latin America with ongoing plans to expand its payment disclosure to a further six countries over the next two years. AstraZeneca's current disclosures comprised over 95% of all such disclosures possible worldwide in Q4 2018, an increase from 93% in Q3 2018.
The completion rate for the Code of Ethics awareness, an annual training module educating and empowering all employees to make good decisions in the long-term interest of the Company, reached the target of 100% of the workforce.
Other developments
During the period, AstraZeneca was recognised by Corporate Knights as one of the world's 100 most sustainable companies. The Company was ranked 50th overall and 5th highest-ranked pharmaceutical company. Inclusion in the Global 100 placed AstraZeneca in the top 1.3% companies in the world for sustainability performance. Although performance was consistent across the assessment, the strongest areas included top-quartile performance on board and executive-gender diversity and above-average percentage of medicines (20%), with equitable pricing strategies targeting priority countries.
During the period, the Company also conducted a sustainability materiality refresh with the aim of refining the sustainability priority areas and developing a future-ready strategy. AstraZeneca worked with an independent consultancy to examine significant trends and engage internal and external stakeholders to define the environmental, social and governance issues that matter most and where most impact can be gained. The materiality assessment identified 16 priority-material issues leading to a sharpened focus - narrowing the field of issues prioritised by c.50%. This has served as a framework for the Company to develop the sustainability strategy up to 2025 and future reporting for 2019 onwards will align to these new 16 material areas under the pillars of Access to Health, Environment and Ethics.
A comprehensive data pack comprising AstraZeneca's pipeline of medicines in human trials can be found in the clinical-trials appendix, available on astrazeneca.com. Highlights of developments in the Company's late-stage pipeline since the prior results announcement are shown below:
Table 24: Update from the late-stage pipeline
| Regulatory approvals | 4 | - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (SOLO-1): regulatory approval (US) - roxadustat - anaemia in dialysis patients: regulatory approval (CN) - Bevespi - COPD: regulatory approval (EU) - Linzess (linaclotide) (IBS-C): regulatory approval (CN) |
| Regulatory submissions and/or acceptances | 5 | - Imfinzi - unresectable, Stage III NSCLC: regulatory submission (CN); acceptance (OS data) (US) - Farxiga - type-1 diabetes: regulatory submission acceptance (US) - Fasenra - severe, eosinophilic asthma; self-administration: submission - acceptance (US, EU) |
| Major Phase III data readouts or other major developments | 11 | - Tagrisso - EGFRm NSCLC (1st line): priority review (CN) - Imfinzi +/- treme - NSCLC (1st line) (MYSTIC): did not meet OS primary endpoints - Imfinzi +/- treme - head & neck cancer (2nd line): did not meet OS primary endpoints - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (1st line) (SOLO-1): priority review (CN) - Lynparza - ovarian cancer (3rd line+): met response rate primary endpoint - Forxiga - type-1 diabetes: CHMP positive opinion (EU) - roxadustat - anaemia of CKD: met primary efficacy endpoints - Fasenra - eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: Orphan Drug Designation (US) - Fasenra - hypereosinophilic syndrome: Orphan Drug Designation (US) - PT010 - COPD: priority review (CN) - MEDI8897 - lower respiratory tract infection: Breakthrough Therapy Designation (US), PRIME designation (EU) |
| New molecular entities and major lifecycle medicines in Phase III trials or under regulatory review | 11 | Oncology - Tagrisso - NSCLC[37] - Imfinzi - multiple cancers37 - Lynparza - multiple cancers37 - Calquence - blood cancers36 - tremelimumab - multiple cancers - selumetinib - NF1[38] - savolitinib - multiple cancers CVRM - roxadustat - anaemia36 Respiratory - PT010 - COPD36 - tezepelumab - severe asthma Other (outside main therapy areas) - anifrolumab - lupus |
| Total projects in clinical pipeline | 131 | |
AstraZeneca has a deep-rooted heritage in Oncology and offers a new generation of medicines that have the potential to transform patients' lives and the Company's future. At least six Oncology medicines are expected to be launched between 2014 and 2020, of which Tagrisso, Imfinzi, Lynparza, Calquence and Lumoxiti are already benefitting patients. An extensive pipeline of small-molecule and biologic medicines is in development and the Company is committed to advancing Oncology medicines, primarily focused on the treatment of patients with lung, ovarian, breast and blood cancers.
In December 2018, the Company presented further evidence of its progress at the 60th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition in San Diego. At the meeting the Company presented new long-term follow-up results for Calquence in patients with relapsed or refractory MCL and updated results of an ongoing clinical trial, assessing Calquence monotherapy in treatment-naïve patients with CLL. Data from recently-approved Lumoxiti and early pipeline data, including the preclinical activity of the novel MCL1 inhibitor AZD5991, was also presented.
At the European Society for Medical Oncology Immuno-Oncology Congress in Geneva, the Company presented the Stage IV, 1st-line NSCLC Phase III MYSTIC trial results of Imfinzi or Imfinzi + tremelimumab or SoC chemotherapy.
Lung cancer
a) Tagrisso
Tagrisso 40mg and 80mg once-daily oral tablets have now received approval in more than 40 countries, including the US, Japan and in Europe, for the 1st-line treatment of patients with Stage IV EGFRm NSCLC. Multiple other reviews are underway, including in China, where a decision is now expected in H1 2019 based on a priority review granted in December 2018. Approvals have been achieved in more than 80 countries, including the US, Japan, China and in Europe, for the 2nd-line treatment of patients with EGFR T790M-mutated NSCLC. Tagrisso is also being developed in the adjuvant setting (ADAURA trial), in the locally-advanced, unresectable setting (LAURA trial) and in combination with other treatments, including the Company's MET-inhibitor, savolitinib. During the period, the ADAURA trial achieved its last patient commenced dosing (LPCD).
b) Imfinzi
During the period, the Company received an acceptance from the US FDA for a supplemental BLA (sBLA) based on PACIFIC OS trial data for Imfinzi as a treatment of patients with unresectable, Stage III NSCLC, reflected in a Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) date anticipated to be in Q3 2019. The Company also submitted an application to the China NMPA for the initial indication of unresectable, Stage III NSCLC. PACIFIC was the first immunotherapy trial to demonstrate a significant OS benefit in unresectable, Stage III NSCLC, reducing the risk of death by 32% (hazard ratio (HR) 0.68, 99.73% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.997; p=0.0025).
The Phase III MYSTIC trial was a randomised, open-label, multi-centre, global trial of Imfinzi monotherapy and the combination of Imfinzi and tremelimumab, an anti-CTLA4 antibody, versus SoC platinum-based chemotherapy in previously-untreated patients with metastatic Stage IV NSCLC. In the primary-analysis population of patients, whose tumours expressed PD-L1 on 25% or more of their cancer cells as determined by the VENTANA PD-L1 (SP263) assay, Imfinzi monotherapy and the combination of Imfinzi plus tremelimumab did not meet the primary endpoints of improving OS, compared to SoC chemotherapy.
The full MYSTIC results showed that Imfinzi monotherapy did demonstrate clinical activity, with an OS HR of 0.76 (97.54% CI 0.564-1.019; nominal p=0.036) in the primary-analysis population of patients whose tumours expressed PD-L1 on 25% or more of their cancer cells, but this result did not meet statistical significance. After two years of follow-up, the OS rate for treatment with Imfinzi monotherapy was 38.3%, vs. 22.7% with SoC. This difference was observed despite a group of patients in the SoC arm (39.5%) receiving subsequent immunotherapy, following chemotherapy treatment. The combination of Imfinzi plus tremelimumab did not meet the progression-free survival (PFS) primary endpoint, as announced in July 2017, or the OS primary endpoint. A summary of these data is included below.
Table 25: Summary of MYSTIC trial results
|
| Imfinzi (n=163) | Chemotherapy (n=162) |
| OS (primary endpoint) in PD-L1 ≥25%a |
| |
| Number of deaths (%) | 108 (66.3%) | 128 (79.0%) |
| HR (97.54% CI)b,c | 0.76 (0.564, 1.019) | |
| p-valueb,d | 0.036 | |
| Median in months (95% CI) | 16.3 (12.2, 20.8) | 12.9 (10.5, 15.0) |
| 24-month OS rate | 38.3% | 22.7% |
| | | |
|
| Imfinzi + tremelimumab (n=163) | Chemotherapy (n=162) |
| OS (primary endpoint) in PD-L1 ≥25%a |
| |
| Number (%) of patients with event | 113 (69.3%) | 128 (79.0%) |
| HR (98.77% CI)b,c | 0.85 (0.611, 1.173) | |
| p-valueb,d | 0.202 | |
| Median in months (95% CI) | 11.9 (9.0, 17.7) | 12.9 (10.5, 15.0) |
| 24-month OS rate | 35.4% | 22.7% |
| PFS (primary endpoint) in PD-L1 ≥25%i |
| |
| Number (%) of patients with event | 118 (72.4%) | 112 (69.1%) |
| HR (99.5% CI)b,c | 1.05 (0.722, 1.534) | |
| p-value | 0.705 | |
| Median in months (95% CI) | 3.9 (2.8, 5.0) | 5.4 (4.6, 5.8) |
| 12-month PFS rate | 25.8% | 14.3% |
a The data cut-off date was 4 October 2018 (OS and safety) and 1 June 2017 (PFS).
b Stratified by histology.
c Confidence interval adjusted for interim analysis.
d Criteria for statistical significance at the final analysis of OS was a p-value ≤ 0.0246 for Imfinzi vs SoC and p-value ≤ 0.0123 for Imfinzi + tremelimumab vs. SoC (using Lan DeMets spending function approximating O'Brien-Fleming boundary).
A prespecified exploratory analysis of blood-tumour mutational burden (bTMB) showed that high bTMB, defined as ≥16 mutations per megabase, was associated with better OS rates in patients treated with Imfinzi monotherapy and the Imfinzi-plus-tremelimumab combination. In high-bTMB patients, combination therapy reduced the risk of death by 38%, compared to SoC (HR 0.62, CI 0.451-0.855) and the monotherapy arm had an OS HR of 0.80, compared to SoC (CI 0.588-1.077). These preliminary data included 809 samples, representing 72.4% of patients. The analysis used a plasma-based TMB score, generated from a minimally-invasive diagnostic test from Guardant Health that was recently granted Breakthrough Device Designation by the US FDA for patients with NSCLC. Additional bTMB analyses will be presented at a forthcoming medical meeting.
Based on the results from the MYSTIC trial, the Company is assessing the need to refine ongoing trials of Imfinzi and tremelimumab in NSCLC, including the NEPTUNE and POSEIDON Phase III trials.
Table 26: Key Imfinzi trials in lung cancer
| Name | Phase | Population | Design | Timelines | Status |
| AEGEAN | III | Neo-adjuvant (before surgery) NSCLC | SoC chemotherapy +/- Imfinzi followed by surgery followed by placebo or Imfinzi | FPCD[39] Q1 2019
First data anticipated 2020 | Recruitment |
| ADJUVANT BR.31[40] | III | Stage Ib-IIIa NSCLC | placebo or Imfinzi | FPCD Q1 2015 First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| PACIFIC | III | Unresectable, Stage III NSCLC | concurrent CRT[41] followed by placebo or Imfinzi | FPCD Q2 2014
LPCD Q2 2016 | PFS and OS primary endpoints both met |
| PACIFIC-2 | III | Unresectable, Stage III NSCLC | concurrent CRT concurrent with placebo or Imfinzi followed by placebo or Imfinzi | FPCD Q2 2018
First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| PACIFIC-4 | III | Unresectable, Stage I-II NSCLC | stereotactic body radiation therapy followed by placebo or Imfinzi | FPCD Q1 2019
First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| PACIFIC-5 | III | Unresectable, Stage III NSCLC (Asia predominant) | sequential or concurrent CRT followed by placebo or Imfinzi | FPCD Q1 2019
First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| ADRIATIC | III | Limited-disease stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) | concurrent CRT followed by placebo or Imfinzi or Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q4 2018
First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| PEARL | III | Stage IV, 1st-line NSCLC (Asia) | SoC chemotherapy or Imfinzi | FPCD Q1 2017
First data anticipated 2020
| Recruitment |
| MYSTIC | III | Stage IV, 1st-line NSCLC | SoC chemotherapy or Imfinzi or Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q3 2015
LPCD Q3 2016 | Recruitment completed
PFS and OS primary endpoints not met |
| NEPTUNE | III | Stage IV, 1st-line NSCLC | SoC chemotherapy or Imfinzi + treme |
FPCD Q4 2015
LPCD Q2 2017
First data anticipated H2 2019
| Recruitment completed |
| POSEIDON | III | Stage IV, 1st-line NSCLC | SoC chemotherapy or SoC + Imfinzi or SoC + Imfinzi + treme |
FPCD Q2 2017
LPCD Q3 2018
First data anticipated H2 2019
| Recruitment completed |
| CASPIAN | III | Extensive-disease stage SCLC | SoC chemotherapy or SoC + Imfinzi or SoC + Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q1 2017
LPCD Q2 2018
First data anticipated H2 2019 | Recruitment completed |
During the period, the Company withdrew the existing sBLA with the US FDA to update the dosing regimen for all indications of Imfinzi to a more convenient infusion schedule of 1,500mg, fixed-dose, once every four weeks or, for patients weighing less than 30kg, a 20mg/kg dose once every four weeks. This will allow the Company to evaluate and assess additional data from recently-concluded and currently-ongoing clinical trials of Imfinzi.
Imfinzi as a treatment in other tumour types
The Company continues to advance multiple monotherapy trials of Imfinzi and combination trials of Imfinzi with tremelimumab and other potential new medicines in tumour types other than lung cancer.
Imfinzi is now approved for the 2nd-line treatment of patients with locally-advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (bladder cancer) in the US, Canada, Brazil, Israel, India, Australia, Hong Kong and Singapore.
During the period, AstraZeneca announced OS topline results for the Phase III EAGLE trial. EAGLE was a randomised, open-label, multi-centre trial evaluating Imfinzi monotherapy or Imfinzi in combination with tremelimumab vs. SoC chemotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who experienced disease progression following platinum-based chemotherapy, regardless of their PD-L1 tumour status. Imfinzi monotherapy and the combination of Imfinzi plus tremelimumab did not meet the primary endpoints of improving OS, compared to SoC chemotherapy in these hard-to-treat patients. The safety and tolerability profiles for Imfinzi and the combination with tremelimumab were consistent with previous experience.
Table 27: Key Imfinzi trials in tumour types other than lung cancer
| Name | Phase | Population | Design | Timelines | Status |
| Stage I, II & III (non-metastatic disease) | |||||
| POTOMAC | III | Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer | SoC BCG or SoC BCG[42] + Imfinzi | FPCD Q3 2018
First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment ongoing |
| NIAGARA | III | Muscle-invasive bladder cancer | SoC chemotherapy or SoC + Imfinzi | FPCD Q1
First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment ongoing |
| EMERALD-1 | III | Locoregional hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer) | transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) followed by placebo or TACE + Imfinzi followed by Imfinzi + bevacizumab or TACE + Imfinzi followed by Imfinzi | FPCD Q1 2019
anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment ongoing |
| Stage IV (metastatic disease) | |||||
| DANUBE | III | Stage IV, 1st-line cisplatin chemotherapy- eligible/ineligible bladder cancer | SoC chemotherapy or Imfinzi or Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q4 2015
LPCD Q1 2017
First data anticipated H2 2019 | Recruitment completed |
| NILE | III | Stage IV, 1st-line cisplatin chemotherapy- eligible bladder cancer | SoC chemotherapy or SoC + Imfinzi or SoC + Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q3 2018 First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| KESTREL | III | Stage IV, 1st-line HNSCC | SoC or Imfinzi or Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q4 2015
LPCD Q1 2017
First data anticipated H1 2019 | Recruitment completed |
| EAGLE | III | Stage IV, 2nd-line HNSCC | SoC or Imfinzi or Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q4 2015
LPCD Q3 2017 | Recruitment completed OS primary endpoints not met |
| HIMALAYA | III | Stage IV, 1st-line unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma | sorafenib or Imfinzi or Imfinzi + treme | FPCD Q4 2017
anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment ongoing |
Lynparza (multiple cancers)
In December 2018, AstraZeneca announced that the US FDA had approved Lynparza for the maintenance treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline or somatic BRCA-mutated (gBRCAm or sBRCAm) advanced epithelial ovarian, fallopian-tube or primary peritoneal cancer who are in complete or partial response to 1st-line platinum-based chemotherapy, as detected by a US FDA-approved companion-diagnostic test. This was the first regulatory approval for a PARP inhibitor in the 1st-line maintenance setting for BRCAm advanced ovarian cancer, based on the positive results from the pivotal Phase III SOLO-1 trial.
During the period, the Company announced positive overall response rate (ORR) results from the randomised, open-label, controlled, Phase III SOLO-3 trial of Lynparza tablets in 266 patients with relapsed ovarian cancer after two or more lines of treatment, in the non-maintenance setting vs. SoC chemotherapy. This was the first PARP-inhibitor trial to demonstrate superiority over chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. The trial was conducted as a post-approval commitment in agreement with the US FDA. This was the fourth Phase III trial to demonstrate a positive result for Lynparza. AstraZeneca and MSD now plan to discuss these results with the US FDA.
Table 28: Key Lynparza trials in combination
| Name | Phase | Population | Design | Timelines | Status |
| PAOLA-1[43] | III | Stage IV, 1st-line ovarian cancer | bevacizumab maintenance or bevacizumab + Lynparza maintenance
| FPCD Q2 2015
LPCD Q2 2018
First data anticipated H2 2019 | Recruitment completed |
| DuO-O | III | Stage IV, 1st-line ovarian cancer | chemotherapy + bevacizumab or chemotherapy + bevacizumab + Imfinzi +/- Lynparza maintenance | FPCD Q1 2018 First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment |
| GY005[44] | II/III | Platinum resistant/refractory ovarian cancer | SoC chemotherapy or cediranib or Lynparza + cediranib | FPCD Q2 2016 First data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment ongoing |
| MEDIOLA | I/II | Advanced, 2nd-line gBRCAm ovarian cancer
Stage IV, 1st to 3rd-line gBRCAm, HER2- negative breast cancer
Stage IV, 2nd-line SCLC
gastric cancer | Lynparza + Imfinzi | FPCD Q2 2016 | Recruitment
Initial data from lung, breast, prostate and ovarian-cancer cohorts presented in 2017 and 2018 |
| VIOLETTE | II | Stage IV, advanced, triple-negative breast cancer:
-HRRm[45] (BRCA) -HRRm (non-BRCA) -Non-HRRm | Lynparza
Lynparza + ATR (AZD6738)
Lynparza + WEE1 (AZD1775) | FPCD Q2 2018
First data anticipated 2020+
| Recruitment |
| PROpel | III | Stage IV, advanced, castration-resistant prostate cancer | abiraterone or abiraterone + Lynparza | FPCD Q4 2018 | Recruitment ongoing |
| BAYOU | II | Stage IV, 1st line cis-platinum chemotherapy-ineligible urothelial bladder cancer | Imfinzi or Imfinzi + Lynparza | FPCD Q1 2018 anticipated 2020 | Recruitment ongoing |
| DuO-L | II | Stage IV, 1st-line NSCLC | SoC chemotherapy + Imfinzi followed by Imfinzi or Imfinzi + Lynparza maintenance | FPCD Q4 2018
| Recruitment ongoing |
Haematology
Table 29: Key Calquence trials in CLL
| Name | Phase | Population | Design | Timelines | Status |
| ACE-CL-007 ELEVATE-TN | III | Previously-untreated CLL | chlorambucil + obinutuzumab or obinutuzumab + Calquence or Calquence | FPCD Q2 2015
Data anticipated H2 2019 | Recruitment completed |
| ACE CL-311 | III | Previously-untreated CLL | fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab or Calquence + venetoclax +/- obinutuzumab | Data anticipated 2020+ | Initiating |
| ACE-CL-309 | III | Relapsed/refractory CLL | bendamustine or idelalisib + rituximabor Calquence | FPCD Q3 2016
Data anticipated H2 2019 | Recruitment completed |
| ACE-CL-006 ELEVATE-RR | III | Relapsed/refractory high risk CLL | ibrutinib or Calquence | FPCD Q2 2015
Data anticipated 2020+ | Recruitment ongoing |
During the period, AstraZeneca received the first approval for Calquence outside the US in the United Arab Emirates and Brazil. The Company also presented new, long-term follow-up results for Calquence in patients with relapsed or refractory MCL and updated results of an ongoing clinical trial assessing Calquence monotherapy in treatment-naïve patients with CLL, at the aforementioned ASH meeting.
Long-term follow-up data presented from the Phase II ACE-LY-004 trial in relapsed or refractory MCL showed sustained and clinically-meaningful responses to Calquence with a median follow-up of more than two years (26 months), confirming its efficacy and safety profile in this patient population. Initial data from this trial served as the basis for the accelerated approval of Calquence by the US FDA in October 2017.
A summary of key investigator-assesseda efficacy results from the open-label, single-arm clinical trial of Calquence in 124 adult patients with relapsed or refractory MCL is shown below:
Table 30: Calquence ACE-LY-004 efficacy measures
| Efficacy measure | Result (n=124; 95% CI) |
| ORRa (complete response + partial response) | 81% (73, 87) |
| Best response | |
| Complete response | 43% (34, 52) |
| Partial response | 38% (29, 47) |
| Median duration of response | 26 months (17.5, not reached) |
| Median PFS | 20 months (16.5, 27.7) |
a Response was assessed based on the Lugano classification.
The median follow-up was 26 months, with 40% of patients remaining on treatment with Calquence at the time of analysis. An exploratory analysis of the trial found that an undetectable minimal-residual disease status was achieved in a sub-set of patients.
There was no new onset of atrial fibrillation, and bleeding events occurred in 33% of patients, most frequently contusion (13%) and all bleeding events but three (2%, Grade 3) were Grade 1/2 events.
Updated results of the Phase I/II ACE-CL-001 trial were presented in an oral session. In a cohort of treatment-naïve patients with CLL, long-term safety and efficacy of assessment showed high response rates with no new safety signals identified. The median time on trial was 42 months, with 89% of patients remaining on treatment with Calquence at the time of analysis.
Summary of key investigator-assesseda efficacy results from the Phase I/II open-label, single-arm ACE-CL-001 Calquence trial in 99 patients with CLL, evaluating the treatment-naïve cohort:
Table 31: Calquence ACE-CL-001 efficacy measures
| Efficacy measure | Result (n=99) |
| ORRa (complete response + partial response) | 97% |
| Complete response | 5% |
| Partial response | 92% |
| Median duration of responseb | NR (range, 42.4 to NR)c |
| 36-month duration of response rate (95% CI)b,d | 98% (90, 99) |
| Median PFS | NR (range, 44.2 to NR)c |
| 36-month PFS rate (95% CI)d | 97% (91, 99) |
a Response was assessed using International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) 2008 criteria with modification for lymphocytosis.
b Only responders with ≥ partial response were included in this analysis.
c Not reached (NR).
d Based on the Kaplan-Meier estimates.
Atrial fibrillation and hypertension (all grades) occurred in 6% and 17% of patients, respectively, with Grade 3 events occurring in 2% and 7% of patients, respectively. Bleeding events (all grades) occurred in 64% of patients with contusion being most common (39%). All but three (3% Grade 3) bleeding events were Grade 1/2 events and no patients discontinued due to bleeding.
Other Oncology medicines
c) Savolitinib
The Phase III SAVOIR trial of savolitinib in papillary renal-cell carcinoma is currently being reassessed, taking into account the lower likelihood of success in this trial given a recent molecular epidemiology update as well as the rapidly changing renal-cell carcinoma treatment landscape. As a result, enrolment in the SAVOIR trial has been suspended.
During the period, the SAVANNAH trial achieved its FPCD. SAVANNAH is a phase II, single arm trial assessing the efficacy of Tagrisso in combination with savolitinib in patients with EGFRm and MET, locally-advanced or metastatic NSCLC, who have progressed following treatment with Tagrisso.
CV, renal and metabolism (CVRM) together form one of AstraZeneca's main therapy areas and a key growth driver for the Company. By following the science to understand more clearly the underlying links between the heart, kidneys and pancreas, AstraZeneca is investing in a portfolio of medicines to protect organs and improve outcomes by slowing disease progression, reducing risks and tackling co-morbidities. The Company's ambition is to modify or halt the natural course of CVRM diseases and potentially regenerate organs and restore function, by continuing to deliver transformative science that improves treatment practices and CV health for millions of patients.
At the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions in Chicago in November 2018, the Company presented, in addition to the full DECLARE trial data, twenty abstracts, including new data on the CV effects of long-term Brilinta use for patients with a history of heart attack (PEGASUS-TIMI 54), as well as new findings in hyperkalaemia, highlighting the Company's holistic approach to care.
a) Farxiga (diabetes)
The aforementioned presentation of DECLARE-TIMI 58 Phase III CV outcomes trial data showed that Farxiga significantly reduced hospitalisation rates for heart failure or CV death in a broad patient population with type-2 diabetes. There were fewer major adverse CV events vs. placebo, although this finding did not reach statistical significance.
During the period, the Company received an acceptance from the US FDA for Farxiga in patients with type-1 diabetes. The acceptance was based on Phase III data from the DEPICT (Dapagliflozin Evaluation in Patients with Inadequately Controlled Type -1 diabetes) clinical programme. The safety profile of Farxiga in the programme to date was consistent with its established profile in type-2 diabetes, with the exception of a higher number of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) events in dapagliflozin-treated patients vs. placebo in these type-1 diabetes trials. DKA is a known complication for patients with diabetes that affects those with type-1 diabetes more frequently than with type-2 diabetes.
In November 2018, the Company was granted approval by the China NMPA for two new add-on indications for Forxiga in China. The first was the combination therapy with metformin, the other being the combination therapy with insulin for inadequately-controlled type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This marked the first time the two combination therapies with an SGLT2 inhibitor have been approved in China. The approval of the combination therapy with metformin was based on the positive result of MB102055, a multi-centre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, Phase III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Forxiga in combination with metformin in Asian patients with type-2 diabetes who have inadequate glycaemic control on metformin alone. The trial data showed significant improvement in glycaemic control and better weight loss with Forxiga 5mg or 10mg added onto metformin, compared with placebo added onto metformin in patients with T2DM.
In November 2018, the European Commission approved an update of the European Study of Product Characteristics (SmPC), based on the DERIVE trial. The trial is designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Forxiga in patients with type-2 diabetes and CKD stage 3A. The updates to the SmPC included a change in the posology section to allow the use of Forxiga by patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and renal impairment down to, and including, CKD stage 3A. Prior to this update, Forxiga was the only SGLT2 inhibitor with a restriction to CKD, stages 2 and above. The removal of this restriction brings the Forxiga SmPC in line with the other SGLT2 inhibitors.
b) Brilinta
During the period, the first patient was dosed in the HESTIA3 trial. HESTIA3 is a randomised, double-blinded, multi-centre, Phase III trial assessing the effect of Brilinta versus placebo in reducing the rate of vaso-occlusive crises in paediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). SCD is a genetic disorder that affects millions of patients worldwide, being particularly common in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and India and among descendants from these regions living in the West; current treatment options are limited.
Table 32: CV outcomes trials
Major CVRM outcomes trials are highlighted in the following table:
| Medicine | Trial | Mechanism | Population | Primary endpoint(s) | Timeline |
| Farxiga | DECLARE | SGLT2 inhibitor | c.17,000[46] patients with type-2 diabetes | Superiority for MACE[47] or superiority for the composite endpoint of CV death or hHF | Primary safety endpoint met One of two primary efficacy endpoints met |
| Farxiga | DAPA-HF | SGLT2 inhibitor | c.4,500 patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction | Time to first occurrence of CV death or hHF or an urgent HF visit | FPCD Q1 2017
LPCD
|
| Farxiga | DELIVER | SGLT2 inhibitor | c.4,700 patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction | Time to first occurrence of CV death or worsening heart failure | FPCD Q3 2018
|
| Farxiga | DAPA-CKD | SGLT2 inhibitor | c.4,000 patients with CKD | Time to first occurrence of ≥ 50% sustained decline in eGFR[48] or reaching ESRD[49] or CV death or renal death | FPCD Q1 2017 |
| Brilinta | THEMIS | P2Y12 receptor antagonist | c.19,000 patients with type-2 diabetes and CAD without a history of MI or stroke | Composite of CV death, non-fatal MI and non-fatal stroke | FPCD Q1 2014
LPCD Q2 2016
Data anticipated H1 2019 |
| Brilinta | THALES | P2Y12 receptor antagonist | c.13,000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack | Prevention of the composite of subsequent stroke and death at 30 days | FPCD Q1 2018
Data anticipated 2020 |
| Epanova | STRENGTH | Omega-3 carboxylic acids | c.13,000 patients with mixed dyslipidaemia/ hypertriglycerid-aemia
| Time to first occurrence of CV death, non-fatal MI or non-fatal stroke |
FPCD Q4 2014
LPCD Q2 2017
Data anticipated 2020 |
d) Roxadustat (anaemia)
During the period, AstraZeneca announced that its partner FibroGen, Inc. (FibroGen) had received formal marketing authorisation from the China NMPA for roxadustat, a first-in-class hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor and new oral treatment of patients with anaemia caused by CKD that are on dialysis. The medicine can be prescribed to patients treated with haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. This was the first regulatory approval for roxadustat.
AstraZeneca and FibroGen expect to launch roxadustat in China during the second half of 2019, once a new manufacturing facility has been commissioned, inspected and approved.
In December 2018, the Company announced that the Phase III OLYMPUS and ROCKIES trials for roxadustat each met their primary efficacy endpoints for the treatment of patients with anaemia in CKD that are either non-dialysis-dependent or dialysis-dependent, respectively.
OLYMPUS met its primary efficacy endpoint by demonstrating a statistically-significant and clinically-meaningful improvement in mean change from baseline in haemoglobin (Hb) levels averaged over weeks 28 to 52 vs. placebo. ROCKIES met its primary efficacy endpoint, demonstrating a statistically-significant improvement in mean change from baseline in Hb levels averaged over weeks 28 to 52 vs. epoetin alfa.
The global Phase III programme consists of more than 9,000 patients in trials conducted by AstraZeneca, FibroGen and Astellas. In September 2018, Astellas announced high-level results from the Phase III ALPS trial; FibroGen and Astellas anticipate reporting high-level results from their remaining trials in due course. These trials will contribute to the combined pooled safety analysis, including MACE outcomes, anticipated during H1 2019.
Data from the Phase III OLYMPUS and ROCKIES trials, together with the efficacy and pooled safety data from the global Phase III programme, will form part of the regulatory submission package in the US and other major markets. Results from these trials will be presented at forthcoming medical meetings.
AstraZeneca's Respiratory focus is aimed at transforming the treatment of patients with asthma and COPD through combined inhaled therapies and biologic medicines for the unmet medical needs of specific populations and an early pipeline focused on disease modification.
The growing range of medicines includes up to four anticipated launches between 2017 and 2020; of these, Bevespi and Fasenra are already benefitting patients, with regulatory reviews for Symbicort as an anti-inflammatory reliever in mild asthma and PT010 in COPD underway. The capability in inhalation technology spans both pMDIs and dry-powder inhalers to serve patient needs, including the innovative Aerosphere Delivery Technology, a focus of AstraZeneca's future-platform development for respiratory-disease combination therapies.
AstraZeneca published data from the BORA trial in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine during the period. In BORA, Fasenra showed a safety and tolerability profile similar to that observed in the predecessor trials, with no increase in the frequencies of overall or serious adverse events. Improvements in efficacy measures observed with Fasenra in SIROCCO or CALIMA were maintained over the second year of treatment.
The Company also published and presented results from the Phase III KRONOS trial, which evaluated the efficacy and safety of PT010 (budesonide/glycopyrronium/formoterol) vs. dual-combination therapies Bevespi, Symbicort and PT009 in patients with moderate to very severe COPD regardless of whether or not they had an exacerbation in the prior year. PT009 is being characterised to qualify as a relevant comparator in clinical trials for PT010. The data were presented at the ERS International Congress and were published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine.
a) Bevespi (COPD)
During the period, AstraZeneca announced that the EMA had approved Bevespi Aerosphere in a pMDI as a maintenance dual bronchodilator treatment to relieve symptoms in adult patients with COPD. Bevespi Aerosphere is the first medicine in its class to be approved by the EMA in a pMDI.
Bevespi Aerosphere is a twice-daily, fixed-dose dual bronchodilator combining glycopyrrolate, a LAMA and formoterol fumarate, a LABA. The approval was based on the Phase III PINNACLE trial programme, which evaluated the efficacy and safety of Bevespi Aerosphere and involved more than 5,000 patients with moderate to very-severe COPD.
Bevespi Aerosphere is also approved in the US, Canada, Australia, Turkey and Taiwan as a dual bronchodilator for the long-term maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction resulting from COPD and is under review in a number of other regions.
b) Fasenra (severe asthma)
In November 2018, the Company announced that the US FDA had granted ODD status for Fasenra for the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), a rare autoimmune disease that can cause damage to multiple organs and tissues.
In January 2019, the US FDA also granted ODD status for Fasenra for the treatment of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), a group of rare, potentially fatal disorders characterised by high numbers of eosinophils in blood and tissues, which can cause progressive damage to any organ in the body.
The US FDA grants ODD status to medicines intended for the treatment, diagnosis or prevention of rare diseases or disorders that affect fewer than 200,000 patients in the US. Orphan designation qualifies the sponsor of the medicine for various development incentives of the US Orphan Drug Act.
During the period, the regulatory submissions for the addition of self-administration and an auto injector device for Fasenra in severe asthma were accepted in the US and the EU, based on results from the GRECO and GREGALE Phase III trials. Regulatory decisions are anticipated in H2 2019.
c) PT027 (asthma)
During the period, the first patient was recruited into the PT027 (budesonide/albuterol sulfate) clinical-development programme in asthma by our co-development partner Avillion (Bond Avillion 2 Development LP). PT027 is a potential reliever therapy medicine for asthma patients that could be used as needed in response to symptoms, regardless of background maintenance therapy. The Phase III programme includes MANDALA, an exacerbation trial and DENALI, a lung-function trial.
Other
a) MEDI8897 (lower respiratory tract infection)
Following a positive primary analysis of the Phase IIb trial of MEDI8897, a monoclonal antibody being developed for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus, the EMA granted MEDI8897 access to its PRIME (PRIority MEdicines) scheme and the US FDA granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for the medicine. MEDI8897 is being developed in partnership with Sanofi Pasteur and full results of the Phase IIb trial will be presented at a forthcoming medical meeting later this year.
b) Lanabecestat (Alzheimer's disease)
In December 2018, high-level results of the AMARANTH and DAYBREAK-ALZ trials for lanabecestat, an oral beta secretase cleaving enzyme inhibitor, showed no significant disease slowing for those patients on lanabecestat treatment. These results supported the decision to discontinue the AMARANTH, AMARANTH Extension and DAYBREAK-ALZ trials following interim futility analyses in June 2018. The results indicated that the trials were unlikely to meet their primary efficacy endpoints upon completion and discontinuation was justified as no significant efficacy signal was observed in any of the Phase III trials.
c) Linzess (linaclotide) (IBS-C)
In January 2019, AstraZeneca announced that its partner Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Ironwood) had received marketing authorisation from the China NMPA for Linzess for the treatment of adult patients with IBS-C. Linzess is a first-in-class guanylate cyclase‐C receptor agonist and the approval, offering an important treatment option for adult patients in China, was based on a Phase III global, multi-centre, clinical trial jointly conducted by AstraZeneca China and Ironwood in five countries, evaluating the efficacy and safety of Linzess in patients suffering from IBS-C.
For more details on the development pipeline, including anticipated timelines for regulatory submission/acceptances, please refer to the latest Clinical Trials Appendix available on astrazeneca.com.
| For the year ended 31 December | | 2018 $m | | 2017 $m |
| Product Sales | | 21,049 | | 20,152 |
| Externalisation Revenue | | 1,041 | | 2,313 |
| Total Revenue | | 22,090 | | 22,465 |
| Cost of sales | | (4,936) | | (4,318) |
| Gross profit | | 17,154 | | 18,147 |
| Distribution costs | | (331) | | (310) |
| Research and development expense | | (5,932) | | (5,757) |
| Selling, general and administrative costs | | (10,031) | | (10,233) |
| Other operating income and expense | | 2,527 | | 1,830 |
| Operating profit | | 3,387 | | 3,677 |
| Finance income | | 138 | | 113 |
| Finance expense | | (1,419) | | (1,508) |
| Share of after tax losses in associates and joint ventures | | (113) | | (55) |
| Profit before tax | | 1,993 | | 2,227 |
| Taxation | | 57 | | 641 |
| Profit for the period | | 2,050 | | 2,868 |
| | | | | |
| Other comprehensive income | | | | |
| Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss | | | | |
| Remeasurement of the defined benefit pension liability | | (46) | | (242) |
| Net losses on equity investments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | | (171) | | - |
| Fair value movements related to own credit risk on bonds designated as fair value through profit or loss | | 8 | | (9) |
| Tax on items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss | | 56 | | 16 |
| | | (153) | | (235) |
| Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss | | | | |
| Foreign exchange arising on consolidation | | (450) | | 536 |
| Foreign exchange arising on designating borrowings in net investment hedges | | (520) | | 505 |
| Fair value movements on cash flow hedges | | (37) | | 311 |
| Fair value movements on cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss | | 111 | | (315) |
| Fair value movements on derivatives designated in net investment hedges Costs of hedging | | (8) (54) | | (48) - |
| Amortisation of loss on cash flow hedge | | 1 | | 1 |
| Net available for sale losses taken to equity | | - | | (83) |
| Tax on items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss | | 51 | | (33) |
| | | (906) | | 874 |
| Other comprehensive (loss)/income for the period, net of tax | | (1,059) | | 639 |
| Total comprehensive income for the period | | 991 | | 3,507 |
| | | | | |
| Profit attributable to: | | | | |
| Owners of the Parent | | 2,155 | | 3,001 |
| Non-controlling interests | | (105) | | (133) |
| | | 2,050 | | 2,868 |
| | | | | |
| Total comprehensive income attributable to: | | | | |
| Owners of the Parent | | 1,097 | | 3,640 |
| Non-controlling interests | | (106) | | (133) |
| | | 991 | | 3,507 |
| | | | | |
| Basic earnings per $0.25 Ordinary Share | | $1.70 | | $2.37 |
| Diluted earnings per $0.25 Ordinary Share | | $1.70 | | $2.37 |
| Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue (millions) | | 1,267 | | 1,266 |
| Diluted weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue (millions) | | 1,267 | | 1,267 |
Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income
| For the quarter ended 31 December | | 2018 $m | | 2017 $m |
| Product Sales | | 5,768 | | 5,487 |
| Externalisation Revenue | | 649 | | 290 |
| Total Revenue | | 6,417 | | 5,777 |
| Cost of sales | | (1,637) | | (1,225) |
| Gross profit | | 4,780 | | 4,552 |
| Distribution costs | | (93) | | (85) |
| Research and development expense | | (2,012) | | (1,551) |
| Selling, general and administrative costs | | (2,600) | | (3,078) |
| Other operating income and expense | | 1,002 | | 848 |
| Operating profit | | 1,077 | | 686 |
| Finance income | | 26 | | 49 |
| Finance expense | | (337) | | (316) |
| Share of after tax losses in associates and joint ventures | | (36) | | (12) |
| Profit before tax | | 730 | | 407 |
| Taxation | | 279 | | 854 |
| Profit for the period | | 1,009 | | 1,261 |
| | | | | |
| Other comprehensive income | | | | |
| Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss | | | | |
| Remeasurement of the defined benefit pension liability | | (184) | | (96) |
| Net losses on equity investments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income | | (330) | | - |
| Fair value movements related to own credit risk on bonds designated as fair value through profit or loss | | 5 | | (9) |
| Tax on items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss | | 121 | | (7) |
| | | (388) | | (112) |
| Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss | | | | |
| Foreign exchange arising on consolidation | | (99) | | 5 |
| Foreign exchange arising on designating borrowings in net investment hedges | | (71) | | (117) |
| Fair value movements on cash flow hedges | | (42) | | 85 |
| Fair value movements on cash flow hedges transferred to profit or loss | | 39 | | (34) |
| Fair value movements on derivatives designated in net investment hedges Costs of hedging | | (14) (19) | | (9) - |
| Amortisation of loss on cash flow hedge | | 1 | | - |
| Net available for sale losses taken to equity | | - | | (47) |
| Tax on items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss | | 12 | | 92 |
| | | (193) | | (25) |
| Other comprehensive loss for the period, net of tax | | (581) | | (137) |
| Total comprehensive income for the period | | 428 | | 1,124 |
| | | | | |
| Profit attributable to: | | | | |
| Owners of the Parent | | 1,034 | | 1,301 |
| Non-controlling interests | | (25) | | (40) |
| | | 1,009 | | 1,261 |
| | | | | |
| Total comprehensive income attributable to: | | | | |
| Owners of the Parent | | 453 | | 1,164 |
| Non-controlling interests | | (25) | | (40) |
| | | 428 | | 1,124 |
| | | | | |
| Basic earnings per $0.25 Ordinary Share | | $0.82 | | $1.03 |
| Diluted earnings per $0.25 Ordinary Share | | $0.82 | | $1.03 |
| Weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue (millions) | | 1,267 | | 1,266 |
| Diluted weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue (millions) | | 1,267 | | 1,267 |
| | | | At 31 Dec 2018 $m | | At 31 Dec 2017 $m |
| ASSETS Non-current assets | | | | | |
| Property, plant and equipment | | | 7,421 | | 7,615 |
| Goodwill | | | 11,707 | | 11,825 |
| Intangible assets | | | 21,959 | | 26,188 |
| Derivative financial instruments | | | 157 | | 504 |
| Investments in associates and joint ventures | | | 89 | | 103 |
| Other investments | | | 833 | | 933 |
| Other receivables | | | 515 | | 847 |
| Deferred tax assets | | | 2,379 | | 2,189 |
| | | | 45,060 | | 50,204 |
| Current assets | | | | | |
| Inventories | | | 2,890 | | 3,035 |
| Trade and other receivables | | | 5,574 | | 5,009 |
| Other investments | | | 849 | | 1,230 |
| Derivative financial instruments | | | 258 | | 28 |
| Income tax receivable | | | 207 | | 524 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | | 4,831 | | 3,324 |
| Assets held for sale | | | 982 | - | - |
| | | | 15,591 | | 13,150 |
| Total assets | | | 60,651 | | 63,354 |
|
LIABILITIES Current liabilities | | | | | |
| Interest-bearing loans and borrowings | | | (1,754) | | (2,247) |
| Trade and other payables | | | (12,841) | | (11,641) |
| Derivative financial instruments | | | (27) | | (24) |
| Provisions | | | (506) | | (1,121) |
| Income tax payable | | | (1,164) | | (1,350) |
| | | | (16,292) | | (16,383) |
| Non-current liabilities | | | | | |
| Interest-bearing loans and borrowings | | | (17,359) | | (15,560) |
| Derivative financial instruments | | | (4) | | (4) |
| Deferred tax liabilities | | | (3,286) | | (3,995) |
| Retirement benefit obligations | | | (2,511) | | (2,583) |
| Provisions | | | (385) | | (347) |
| Other payables | | | (6,770) | | (7,840) |
| | | | (30,315) | | (30,329) |
| Total liabilities | | | (46,607) | | (46,712) |
| Net assets | | | 14,044 | | 16,642 |
|
EQUITY | | | | | |
| Capital and reserves attributable to equity holders of the Company | | | | | |
| Share capital | | | 317 | | 317 |
| Share premium account | | | 4,427 | | 4,393 |
| Other reserves | | | 2,041 | | 2,029 |
| Retained earnings | | | 5,683 | | 8,221 |
| | | | 12,468 | | 14,960 |
| Non-controlling interests | | | 1,576 | | 1,682 |
| Total equity | | | 14,044 | | 16,642 |
| | | Share capital $m | | Share | | Other | | Retained | | Total attributable to owners $m | | Non- controlling interests $m | | Total |
|
| At 1 Jan 2017 | | 316 | | 4,351 | | 2,047 | | 8,140 | | 14,854 | | 1,815 | | 16,669 | |
| Profit for the period | | - | | - | | - | | 3,001 | | 3,001 | | (133) | | 2,868 | |
| Other comprehensive income | | - | | - | | - | | 639 | | 639 | | - | | 639 | |
| Transfer to other reserves | | - | | - | | (18) | | 18 | | - | | - | | - | |
| Transactions with owners: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Dividends | | - | | - | | - | | (3,543) | | (3,543) | | - | | (3,543) | |
| Issue of Ordinary Shares | | 1 | | 42 | | - | | - | | 43 | | - | | 43 | |
| Share-based payments charge for the period | | - | | - | | - | | 220 | | 220 | | - | | 220 | |
| Settlement of share plan awards | | - | | - | | - | | (254) | | (254) | | - | | (254) | |
| Net movement | | 1 | | 42 | | (18) | | 81 | | 106 | | (133) | | (27) | |
| At 31 Dec 2017 | | 317 | | 4,393 | | 2,029 | | 8,221 | | 14,960 | | 1,682 | | 16,642 | |
| | | Share | |
| | Other | | Retained | | Total attributable to owners $m | | Non- controlling interests $m | | Total | |
| At 1 Jan 2018 | | 317 | | 4,393 | | 2,029 | | 8,221 | | 14,960 | | 1,682 | | 16,642 | |
| Adoption of new accounting standards[51] | | - | - | - | - | - | | (91) | ( | (91) | | - | | (91) | |
| Profit for the period | | - | | - | | - | | 2,155 | | 2,155 | | (105) | | 2,050 | |
| Other comprehensive loss | | - | | - | | - | | (1,058) | | (1,058) | | (1) | | (1,059) | |
| Transfer to other reserves | | - | | - | | 12 | | (12) | | - | | - | | - | |
| Transactions with owners: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Dividends | | - | | - | | - | | (3,539) | | (3,539) | | - | | (3,539) | |
| Issue of Ordinary Shares | | - | | 34 | | - | | - | | 34 | | - | | 34 | |
| Share-based payments charge for the period | | - | | - | | - | | 219 | | 219 | | - | | 219 | |
| Settlement of share plan awards | | - | | - | | - | | (212) | | (212) | | - | | (212) | |
| Net movement | | - | | 34 | | 12 | | (2,538) | | (2,492) | | (106) | | (2,598) | |
| At 31 Dec 2018 | | 317 | | 4,427 | | 2,041 | | 5,683 | | 12,468 | | 1,576 | | 14,044 | |
|
For the year ended 31 December | |
2018 $m | |
2017 $m |
| Cash flows from operating activities | | | | |
| Profit before tax | | 1,993 | | 2,227 |
| Finance income and expense | | 1,281 | | 1,395 |
| Share of after tax losses in associates and joint ventures | | 113 | | 55 |
| Depreciation, amortisation and impairment | | 3,753 | | 3,036 |
| Increase in working capital and short-term provisions | | (639) | | (50) |
| Gains on disposal of intangible assets | | (1,885) | | (1,518) |
| Fair value movements on contingent consideration arising from business combinations | | (495) | | 109 |
| Non-cash and other movements | | (290) | | (524) |
| Cash generated from operations | | 3,831 | | 4,730 |
| Interest paid | | (676) | | (698) |
| Tax paid | | (537) | | (454) |
| Net cash inflow from operating activities | | 2,618 | | 3,578 |
| Cash flows from investing activities | | | | |
| Movement in short-term investments and fixed deposits | | 405 | | (345) |
| Purchase of property, plant and equipment | | (1,043) | | (1,326) |
| Disposal of property, plant and equipment | | 12 | | 83 |
| Purchase of intangible assets | | (328) | | (294) |
| Disposal of intangible assets | | 2,338 | | 1,376 |
| Purchase of non-current asset investments | | (102) | | (96) |
| Disposal of non-current asset investments | | 24 | | 70 |
| Payments to joint ventures | | (187) | | (76) |
| Non-contingent payments on business combinations | | - | | (1,450) |
| Payment of contingent consideration from business combinations | | (349) | | (434) |
| Interest received | | 193 | | 164 |
| Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities | | 963 | | (2,328) |
| Net cash inflow before financing activities | | 3,581 | | 1,250 |
| Cash flows from financing activities | | | | |
| Proceeds from issue of share capital | | 34 | | 43 |
| Issue of loans | | 2,971 | | 1,988 |
| Repayment of loans | | (1,400) | | (1,750) |
| Dividends paid | | (3,484) | | (3,519) |
| Hedge contracts relating to dividend payments | | (67) | | (20) |
| Repayment of obligations under finance leases | | - | | (14) |
| Movement in short-term borrowings | | (98) | | 336 |
| Net cash outflow from financing activities | | (2,044) | | (2,936) |
| Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents in the period | | 1,537 | | (1,686) |
| Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period | | 3,172 | | 4,924 |
| Exchange rate effects | | (38) | | (66) |
| Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period | | 4,671 | | 3,172 |
| Cash and cash equivalents consist of: | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | 4,831 | | 3,324 |
| Overdrafts | | (160) | | (152) |
| | | 4,671 | | 3,172 |
1 Basis of preparation and accounting policies
The preliminary announcement for the year ended 31 December 2018 has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union (EU) and as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
The annual financial statements of the Group are prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU and as issued by the IASB. Except as noted below, the preliminary announcement has been prepared applying the accounting policies and presentation that were applied in the preparation of the Group's published consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2017.
IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' is effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018 and replaces existing accounting standards. It is applicable to financial assets and liabilities and introduces changes to existing accounting concerning classification and measurement, impairment (introducing an expected-loss method), hedge accounting, and on the treatment of gains arising from the impact of own credit risk on the measurement of liabilities held at fair value. The Group early adopted the treatment of fair value changes arising from changes in own credit risk from 1 January 2017 and has adopted the remainder of the standard from 1 January 2018. The principal impact is that equity investments previously classified as available for sale have been re-categorised on initial application and the Group has elected to record fair value movements on certain non-current equity investments in other comprehensive income from 1 January 2018. There is no future recycling of such gains and losses to profit or loss. Fair value movements on other equity investments are recorded in profit. Given the general quality and short-term nature of the trade receivables, there is no material impact on the introduction of an expected-loss impairment method. Other changes include classifying factored receivables and investments in money market funds at fair value through profit and loss, but these changes have not had a material measurement impact. The Group's existing hedging arrangements have been assessed as compliant with the new rules.
IFRS 15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers' is effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018 and replaces existing accounting standards. It provides enhanced detail on the principle of recognising revenue to reflect the transfer of goods and services to customers at a value which the Company expects to be entitled to receive. The standard also updates revenue disclosure requirements.
The standard has not had a material impact on the revenue streams from the supply of goods and associated rebates and returns provisions. The timing of the recognition of product sales and the basis for the estimates of sales deductions under IAS 18 are consistent with those adopted under IFRS 15.
The previous accounting for externalisation transactions under IAS 18 includes an analysis of the performance obligations under the arrangement and upfront revenue recognition requires the transfer of substantive rights, for example a licence to use the intellectual property and an appropriate allocation of revenue to the remaining performance obligations. While the basis for such allocation is different in IFRS 15, the impact of the adoption of the new standard on the historical allocations is not material. The licences we grant are typically rights to use the intellectual property, which does not change during the period of the licence. Those licences are generally unique and therefore the basis of allocation of revenue to performance obligations makes use of the residual approach as permitted by IFRS 15. The related sales milestones and royalties to these licences qualify for the royalty exemption available under IFRS 15 and will continue to be recognised as the underlying sales are made. Furthermore, there is no material change to the assessment of whether the performance obligations are distinct from applying the new standard.
The Group has retrospectively applied the standard from 1 January 2018 recognising the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard as an increase to trade and other payables of $133m to defer externalisation revenue previously recognised, an increase to trade and other receivables of $20m to recognise externalisation revenue previously not recognised, a total related tax adjustment of $22m and a corresponding net adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings of $91m. There is no restatement to prior periods as permitted in the transition rules for IFRS 15. The impact of initial application in the year to 31 December 2018 as compared with the year to 31 December 2017 is the recognition of additional Externalisation Revenue of $27m in the year to 31 December 2018. Earnings per share increased by $0.02.
Legal proceedings
The information contained in Note 5 updates the disclosures concerning legal proceedings and contingent liabilities in the Group's Annual Report and Form 20-F Information 2017, the interim financial statements for the three months ended 31 March 2018, the interim financial statements for the three months ended 30 June 2018 and the interim financial statements for the three months ended 30 September 2018.
Going concern
The Group has considerable financial resources available. As at 31 December 2018 the Group has $7.1bn in financial resources (cash balances of $4.8bn and undrawn committed bank facilities of $4.1bn, of which $3.4bn is available until April 2022, $0.5bn is available until December 2020 (extendable to December 2021) and $0.2bn is available until December 2019 (extendable to December 2020), with only $1.8bn of debt due within one year). The Group's revenues are largely derived from sales of products which are covered by patents which provide a relatively high level of resilience and predictability to cash inflows, although the revenue is expected to continue to be significantly impacted by the expiry of patents over the medium term. In addition, government price interventions in response to budgetary constraints are expected to continue to adversely affect revenues in many of the mature markets. The Group, however, anticipates new revenue streams from both recently launched medicines and products in development, and the Group has a wide diversity of customers and suppliers across different geographic areas. Consequently, the Directors believe that, overall, the Group is well placed to manage its business risks successfully.
On the basis of the above paragraph, the going concern basis has been adopted in the preliminary announcement.
Financial information
The financial information for the year contained in the preliminary announcement does not constitute statutory accounts of the Group for the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2017 but is derived from those accounts. Statutory accounts for 2017 have been delivered to the registrar of companies and those for 2018 will be delivered in due course. Those accounts have been reported on by the Group's auditors; their report was (i) unqualified, (ii) did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditors drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying their report, and (iii) did not contain a statement under section 498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006. The quarterly financial information has not been subject to audit.
2 Restructuring costs
Profit before tax for the year ended 31 December 2018 is stated after charging restructuring costs of $697m ($807m for the year ended 31 December 2017). These have been charged to profit as follows:
| | |
FY 2018 | | FY 2017 | |
Q4 2018 $m | |
Q4 2017 $m |
| Cost of sales | | 432 | | 181 | | 355 | | 53 |
| Research and development expense | | 94 | | 201 | | (1) | | 24 |
| Selling, general and administrative costs | | 181 | | 347 | | 71 | | 83 |
| Other operating income and expense | | (10) | | 78 | | 1 | | 3 |
| Total | | 697 | | 807 | | 426 | | 163 |
3 Net debt
The table below provides an analysis of Net Debt and a reconciliation of net cash flow to the movement in Net Debt.
The Group monitors Net Debt as part of its capital management policy as described in Note 26 of the Annual Report and Form 20-F Information 2017. Net Debt is a non-GAAP financial measure.
| | | At 1 Jan 2018 $m | | Cash Flow $m | | Non-cash & Other $m | | Exchange Movements $m | | At 31 Dec 2018 $m |
| Loans due after one year | | (15,560) | | (2,971) | | 1,006 | | 166 | | (17,359) |
| Total long-term debt | | (15,560) | | (2,971) | | 1,006 | | 166 | | (17,359) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Current instalments of loans | | (1,397) | | 1,400 | | (1,002) | | - | | (999) |
| Current instalments of finance leases | | (5) | | - | | 5 | | - | | - |
| Commercial paper | | (180) | | (31) | | - | | - | | (211) |
| Bank Collateral | | (513) | | 129 | | - | | - | | (384) |
| Overdraft | | (152) | | (19) | | - | | 11 | | (160) |
| Total current debt | | (2,247) | | 1,479 | | (997) | | 11 | | (1,754) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gross borrowings | | (17,807) | | (1,492) | | 9 | | 177 | | (19,113) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net derivative financial instruments | | 504 | | 67 | | (187) | | - | | 384 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net Borrowings | | (17,303) | | (1,425) | | (178) | | 177 | | (18,729) |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | 3,324 | | 1,556 | | - | | (49) | | 4,831 |
| Other investments - current | | 1,230 | | (405) | | 24 | | - | | 849 |
| Other investments - non-current | | 70 | | - | | (24) | | - | | 46 |
| Cash and investments | | 4,624 | | 1,151 | | - | | (49) | | 5,726 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net funds / (debt) | | (12,679) | | (274) | | (178) | | 128 | | (13,003) |
Non-cash movements in the period include fair value adjustments.
Other investments - non-current are included within the balance of $833m (31 December 2017: $933m) in the Statement of Financial Position. The equivalent GAAP measure to net debt is 'liabilities arising from financing activities' which excludes the amounts for cash and overdrafts, other investments and non-financing derivatives shown above and includes the Acerta put option liability of $1,838m (31 December 2017: $1,823m) shown in non-current other payables.
4 Financial instruments
As detailed in the Group's most recent annual financial statements, the principal financial instruments consist of derivative financial instruments, other investments, trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, trade and other payables, and interest-bearing loans and borrowings.
Other than changes resulting from the Group's adoption of IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' from 1 January 2018, as detailed in Note 1, there have been no changes of significance to the categorisation or fair value hierarchy classification of our financial instruments from those detailed in the Notes to the Group Financial Statements in the Company's Annual Report and Form 20-F Information 2017.
The Group holds certain equity investments that are categorised as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy and for which fair value losses of $1m have been recognised in the year to 31 December 2018. These are presented in Fair value gains on equity investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Financial instruments measured at fair value include $1,682m of other investments, $671m of loans, and $384m of derivatives as at 31 December 2018. The total fair value of interest-bearing loans and borrowings at 31 December 2018 which have a carrying value of $19,113m in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, was $19,588m. Contingent consideration liabilities arising on business combinations have been classified under Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy and movements in fair value are shown below
| | | Diabetes Alliance 2018 | | Other
2018 | | Total
2018 | | Total
2017 |
| | | $m | | $m | | $m | | $m |
| At 1 January | | 4,477 | | 1,057 | | 5,534 | | 5,457 |
| Settlements | | (349) | | - | | (349) | | (434) |
| Revaluations | | (482) | | (13) | | (495) | | 109 |
| Discount unwind | | 337 | | 79 | | 416 | | 402 |
| At 31 December | | 3,983 | | 1,123 | | 5,106 | | 5,534 |
A description of the methods and assumptions used in our valuation approach for financial instruments, and an analysis of the key sensitivities, is included in Notes 11, 12, 18 and 19 to the Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 20-F Information 2017.
5 Legal proceedings and contingent liabilities
AstraZeneca is involved in various legal proceedings considered typical to its business, including litigation and investigations relating to product liability, commercial disputes, infringement of intellectual property rights, the validity of certain patents, anti-trust law and sales and marketing practices. The matters discussed below constitute the more significant developments since publication of the disclosures concerning legal proceedings in the Company's Annual Report and Form 20-F Information 2017, the interim financial statements for the three months ended 31 March 2018, the interim financial statements for the three months ended 30 June 2018 and the interim financial statements for the three months ended 30 September 2018 (the Disclosures). Unless noted otherwise below or in the Disclosures, no provisions have been established in respect of the claims discussed below.
As discussed in the Disclosures, for the majority of claims in which AstraZeneca is involved it is not possible to make a reasonable estimate of the expected financial effect, if any, that will result from ultimate resolution of the proceedings. In these cases, AstraZeneca discloses information with respect only to the nature and facts of the cases, but no provision is made.
In cases that have been settled or adjudicated, or where quantifiable fines and penalties have been assessed and which are not subject to appeal, or where a loss is probable and we are able to make a reasonable estimate of the loss, we record the loss absorbed or make a provision for our best estimate of the expected loss.
The position could change over time and the estimates that we have made and upon which we have relied in calculating these provisions are inherently imprecise. There can, therefore, be no assurance that any losses that result from the outcome of any legal proceedings will not exceed the amount of the provisions that have been booked in the accounts. The major factors causing this uncertainty are described more fully in the Disclosures and herein.
AstraZeneca has full confidence in, and will vigorously defend and enforce, its intellectual property.
Matters disclosed in respect of the fourth quarter of 2018 and to 14 February 2019
Patent litigation
Imfinzi
US patent proceedings
As previously disclosed, in July 2017, Bristol-Myers Squibb, E.R. Squibb & Sons LLC, Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Limited and Tasuku Honjo filed a patent infringement action in the US District Court relating to AstraZeneca's commercialisation of Imfinzi. A trial has been scheduled for October 2020.
Calquence
US patent proceedings
As previously disclosed, in November 2017, Pharmacyclics LLC (Pharmacyclics, a company in the AbbVie group) filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the District Court of Delaware (the District Court) against Acerta Pharma and AstraZeneca relating to Calquence. A trial has been scheduled for June 2020.
In April 2018, AstraZeneca and Acerta Pharma filed a complaint in the District Court against Pharmacyclics and AbbVie, Inc. alleging that their medicine, ibrutinib, infringes a US patent owned by Acerta Pharma. In November 2018, Janssen Biotech, Inc. intervened as a defendant. A trial has been scheduled for January 2021.
Faslodex
US patent proceedings
As previously disclosed, AstraZeneca has resolved all of the patent infringement lawsuits that it filed in the US District Court for the District of New Jersey (the District Court) relating to four patents listed in the US FDA Orange Book with reference to Faslodex after receiving a number of Paragraph IV notices relating to multiple abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) seeking US FDA approval to market generic versions of Faslodex prior to the expiration of AstraZeneca's patents, and the District Court has entered consent judgments ending those lawsuits. In December 2018, AstraZeneca filed a new patent infringement lawsuit in the District Court relating to all four listed patents after receiving a new Paragraph IV notice relating to an ANDA seeking US FDA approval to market generic versions of Faslodex prior to the expiration of AstraZeneca's patents.
Patent proceedings outside the US
As previously disclosed, in May 2017, the Opposition Division of the European Patent Office (EPO) revoked European Patent No. EP 2,266,573. AstraZeneca appealed the decision and, in January 2019, the Board of Appeal of the EPO reversed the earlier and upheld the validity of the '573 patent.
Brilinta
Patent proceedings outside the US
In Canada, in October 2018, Taro Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Taro) challenged the patents listed on the Canadian Patent Register with reference to Brilinta. AstraZeneca commenced an infringement action against Taro in November 2018.
As previously disclosed in China, in October 2017, the Chinese Patent Office issued a decision invalidating one of AstraZeneca's Chinese substance patents relating to Brilinta. AstraZeneca appealed and, in December 2018, the Beijing High People's Court vacated the invalidation decision and remanded the case back to the Chinese Patent Office for further processing in view of the Court's decision. The patent, Chinese Patent No. ZL99815926.3, is due to expire in December 2019.
Symbicort
US patent proceedings
As previously disclosed, in October 2018, AstraZeneca initiated ANDA litigation against Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., Mylan Laboratories Limited, Mylan Inc., and Mylan N.V. (collectively, Mylan) and, separately, against Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (Teva) in the US District Court for the District of Delaware. In its complaints, AstraZeneca alleges that Mylan's and Teva's generic versions of Symbicort, if approved and marketed, would infringe AstraZeneca's US Patents Nos. 7,759,328; 8,143,239; 8,575,137; and 7,967,011. AstraZeneca also filed a similar action against Mylan in the US District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia.
In November 2018, AstraZeneca filed an amended complaint in the Teva action to add Catalent Pharma Solutions LLC (Catalent) as a party. In December 2018, Teva and Catalent responded to the amended complaint and alleged that their proposed generic product does not infringe the asserted patents and/or that the asserted patents are invalid and/or unenforceable. Teva also asserted counterclaims in which it alleged that the proposed generic product does not infringe five additional patents that AstraZeneca did not assert in its complaint, namely: US Patents Nos. 7,587,988; 8,528,545; 8,387,615; 8,616,196; and 8,875,699. In December 2018, AstraZeneca filed an amended complaint in the Mylan Delaware action to add 3M Company as a party. In January 2019, in the Mylan Delaware action, Mylan Laboratories Limited, Mylan Inc., and Mylan N.V. filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim and MPI filed a motion to dismiss for improper venue.
In January 2019, MPI responded to the West Virginia complaint and alleged that its proposed generic product does not infringe the asserted patents and/or that the asserted patents are invalid and/or unenforceable. Mylan also asserted counterclaims to the asserted patents. In January 2019, in the West Virginia action, Mylan Laboratories Limited, Mylan Inc., and Mylan N.V. filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim.
Movantik
US patent proceedings
In December 2018, AstraZeneca initiated ANDA litigation against Apotex Inc. and Apotex Corp. (together, Apotex), and against MSN Laboratories (MSN), in the US District Court for the District of Delaware. In each of its complaints, AstraZeneca alleges that the generic companies' versions of Movantik, if approved and marketed, would infringe US Patent No. 9,012,469.
Product liability litigation
Seroquel
As previously disclosed, in the US, in November 2017, AstraZeneca was named as one of several defendants in a lawsuit filed in Missouri involving one plaintiff alleging, among other things, wrongful death from treatment with Seroquel. This matter was resolved and is now concluded.
Commercial litigation
Toprol-XL
In October 2016, AstraZeneca completed its sale of certain assets related to the US rights to Toprol-XL and AstraZeneca's authorised generic metoprolol succinate product to Aralez Pharmaceuticals Trading DAC (Aralez). In August 2018, Aralez commenced voluntary insolvency proceedings and filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code in the US Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. Aralez listed AstraZeneca as an unsecured creditor in the US Bankruptcy proceedings with a claim of $14m. AstraZeneca filed a proof of claim asserting an unsecured claim of approximately $65m. In October 2018, Aralez filed a motion in the Bankruptcy Court seeking to sell the US rights to Toprol-XL and its authorised generic. AstraZeneca filed an objection to the proposed sale. A hearing on the proposed sale is scheduled for 20-21 February 2019.
Government investigations/proceedings
Multi-product litigation
Litigation in Washington State
In the US, in September 2018, a lawsuit against AstraZeneca and several other defendants was unsealed in the US District Court for the Western District of Washington. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated various laws, including state and federal false claims acts, by offering clinical educator and reimbursement support programmes. In September 2018, the government moved to dismiss the lawsuit against AstraZeneca and similar lawsuits filed against other companies by relator Health Choice Alliance.
US Congressional Inquiry
In January 2019, AstraZeneca received a letter from E. Cummings, Chairman of the US House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Reform seeking information related to pricing practices for Crestor. Requests were also sent to 11 other pharmaceutical manufacturers. AstraZeneca intends to cooperate with the inquiry.
6 Subsequent events
In December 2018, an internal decision was taken to close two Biologics manufacturing sites in Colorado, USA. The Group assessed the recoverable value of the site assets including property, plant and equipment and inventory, and have recorded an impairment of $252m within land and buildings and a provision against inventories of $75m at 31 December 2018. The announcement to those impacted of these closures was made subsequent to year end.
On 10 January 2019, the Company entered into a floating rate $500m committed bank-loan agreement, which was drawn in full on 4 February 2019. The loan is repayable in December 2019 although can be partially or fully repaid in advance, but in that event, is not available to be redrawn.
On 23 January 2019, AstraZeneca completed the sale of its US rights to Synagis, and of a right to participate in the payments from the US profits and losses for MEDI8897, to Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (Sobi). Under the terms of the agreement, AstraZeneca has received upfront consideration including cash of $966m and ordinary shares in Sobi with an initial fair market value of c.$600m, equating to an ownership interest of 8%. The majority of consideration is attributable to the sale of US rights to Synagis.
Consideration attributable to the sale of US rights to Synagis will be treated as Other Operating Income and Expense in 2019, net of the derecognition of $893m of the related intangible asset, which was transferred to assets held for sale on 31 December 2018.
The right to participate in payments from the US profits and losses for MEDI8897 will be treated as a financial liability at amortised cost, recognised initially at fair value. The valuation of this financial liability was not finalised at the date of this announcement. Any difference between the amount of consideration received and the fair value recognised will be recorded within Other Operating Income and Expense in FY 2019.
7 Product Sales analysis - FY 2018
The table below provides an analysis of year-on-year Product Sales, with Actual and CER growth rates reflecting year-on-year growth.
The CER information in respect of FY 2018 included in the interim financial statements has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
| | World | | Emerging Markets | | US | | Europe | | Established ROW | ||||||||||||||||
| | FY 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | FY 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER | | FY 2018 $m | | Actual % | | FY 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | FY 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | ||
| Oncology | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Tagrisso | 1,860 | | 95 | 93 | | 347 | | n/m | n/m | | 869 | | n/m | | 314 | | 68 | 61 | | 330 | | 45 | 43 | ||
| Lynparza | 647 | | n/m | n/m | | 51 | | n/m | n/m | | 345 | | n/m | | 190 | | 46 | 41 | | 61 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Imfinzi | 633 | | n/m | n/m | | 6 | | n/m | n/m | | 564 | | n/m | | 27 | | n/m | n/m | | 36 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Iressa | 518 | | (2) | (4) | | 286 | | 14 | 12 | | 26 | | (33) | | 109 | | (3) | (8) | | 97 | | (23) | (25) | ||
| Calquence | 62 | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | - | | 62 | | n/m | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | ||
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Faslodex | 1,028 | | 9 | 9 | | 154 | | 34 | 41 | | 537 | | 9 | | 221 | | (14) | (19) | | 116 | | 49 | 46 | ||
| Zoladex | 752 | | 2 | 2 | | 409 | | 16 | 18 | | 8 | | (47) | | 133 | | (6) | (10) | | 202 | | (11) | (12) | ||
| Arimidex | 212 | | (2) | (3) | | 132 | | 12 | 11 | | - | | n/m | | 31 | | (9) | (9) | | 49 | | (16) | (17) | ||
| Casodex | 201 | | (7) | (8) | | 113 | | 5 | 2 | | 1 | | n/m | | 20 | | (9) | (9) | | 67 | | (22) | (23) | ||
| Others | 115 | | 1 | (1) | | 30 | | 29 | 30 | | - | | - | | 8 | | 20 | 20 | | 77 | | (7) | (8) | ||
| Total Oncology | 6,028 | | 50 | 49 | | 1,528 | | 36 | 37 | | 2,412 | | n/m | | 1,053 | | 19 | 14 | | 1,035 | | 16 | 14 | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| CVRM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Farxiga | 1,391 | | 30 | 30 | | 336 | | 45 | 52 | | 591 | | 21 | | 315 | | 30 | 24 | | 149 | | 34 | 34 | ||
| Brilinta | 1,321 | | 22 | 21 | | 326 | | 46 | 48 | | 588 | | 16 | | 348 | | 18 | 13 | | 59 | | 16 | 16 | ||
| Bydureon | 584 | | 2 | 1 | | 8 | | (11) | (11) | | 475 | | 4 | | 81 | | (8) | (13) | | 20 | | 5 | 5 | ||
| Onglyza | 543 | | (11) | (11) | | 172 | | 32 | 34 | | 223 | | (30) | | 89 | | (14) | (18) | | 59 | | 4 | 4 | ||
| Byetta | 126 | | (28) | (28) | | 8 | | (33) | (33) | | 74 | | (35) | | 29 | | (15) | (15) | | 15 | | (6) | (6) | ||
| Symlin | 34 | | (29) | (29) | | - | | - | - | | 34 | | (29) | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | ||
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Crestor | 1,433 | | (39) | (40) | | 841 | | 7 | 7 | | 170 | | (54) | | 203 | | (70) | (71) | | 219 | | (60) | (60) | ||
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 712 | | 2 | 4 | | 641 | | 8 | 10 | | 39 | | 5 | | 19 | | (63) | (63) | | 13 | | - | - | ||
| Atacand | 260 | | (13) | (12) | | 157 | | (12) | (7) | | 13 | | (32) | | 70 | | (19) | (20) | | 20 | | 18 | 18 | ||
| Others | 306 | | (11) | (12) | | 206 | | - | - | | (1) | | n/m | | 76 | | (17) | (20) | | 25 | | (42) | (42) | ||
| Total CVRM | 6,710 | | (8) | (8) | | 2,695 | | 14 | 15 | | 2,206 | | (7) | | 1,230 | | (26) | (29) | | 579 | | (33) | (34) | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Respiratory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Symbicort | 2,561 | | (9) | (10) | | 495 | | 13 | 14 | | 862 | | (22) | | 773 | | (6) | (10) | | 431 | | (3) | (4) | ||
| Pulmicort | 1,286 | | 9 | 8 | | 995 | | 18 | 17 | | 116 | | (26) | | 90 | | (2) | (8) | | 85 | | (3) | (5) | ||
| Fasenra | 297 | | n/m | n/m | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | 218 | | n/m | | 32 | | n/m | n/m | | 46 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Daliresp/Daxas | 189 | | (5) | (5) | | 5 | | 25 | 25 | | 155 | | (7) | | 28 | | 8 | 4 | | 1 | | - | - | ||
| Tudorza/Eklira | 110 | | (27) | (29) | | 1 | | (50) | n/m | | 25 | | (62) | | 74 | | 1 | (3) | | 10 | | 11 | 11 | ||
| Duaklir | 95 | | 20 | 14 | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | | 91 | | 18 | 12 | | 3 | | 50 | 50 | ||
| Bevespi | 33 | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | - | | 33 | | n/m | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | ||
| Others | 340 | | 20 | 18 | | 146 | | 42 | 41 | | 7 | | 40 | | 141 | | 9 | 6 | | 46 | | (2) | (2) | ||
| Total Respiratory | 4,911 | | 4 | 3 | | 1,644 | | 18 | 18 | | 1,416 | | (6) | | 1,229 | | 1 | (4) | | 622 | | 5 | 4 | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Nexium | 1,702 | | (13) | (14) | | 690 | | 1 | 1 | | 306 | | (39) | | 235 | | (5) | (10) | | 471 | | (10) | (11) | ||
| Synagis | 665 | | (3) | (3) | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | 287 | | (9) | | 377 | | 2 | 2 | | - | | - | - | ||
| Seroquel XR/IR | 361 | | (29) | (31) | | 118 | | (22) | (23) | | 108 | | (44) | | 107 | | (16) | (20) | | 28 | | (26) | (26) | ||
| Losec/Prilosec | 272 | | - | (2) | | 161 | | 15 | 11 | | 7 | | (36) | | 70 | | (9) | (12) | | 34 | | (21) | (21) | ||
| FluMist/Fluenz | 110 | | 41 | 44 | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | 15 | | n/m | | 91 | | 20 | 22 | | 3 | | - | - | ||
| Movantik/Moventig | 109 | | (11) | (11) | | - | | - | - | | 108 | | (10) | | - | | n/m | n/m | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Others | 181 | | (66) | (67) | | 53 | | (82) | (79) | | 11 | | (59) | | 67 | | (27) | (41) | | 50 | | (59) | (60) | ||
| Total Other | 3,400 | | (18) | (19) | | 1,024 | | (19) | (19) | | 842 | | (28) | | 947 | | (5) | (8) | | 587 | | (19) | (20) | ||
| Total Product Sales | 21,049 | | 4 | 4 | | 6,891 | | 12 | 13 | | 6,876 | | 11 | | 4,459 | | (6) | (10) | | 2,823 | | (8) | (9) | ||
8 Product Sales analysis - Q4 2018
The table below provides an analysis of year-on-year Product Sales, with Actual and CER growth rates reflecting year-on-year growth.
The Q4 2018 information in respect of the three months ended 31 December 2018 included in the condensed financial information has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
| | World | | Emerging Markets | | US | | Europe | | Established ROW | ||||||||||||||||
| | Q4 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q4 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER | | Q4 2018 $m | | Actual % | | Q4 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q4 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | ||
| Oncology | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Tagrisso | 594 | | 95 | 98 | | 81 | | 62 | 78 | | 289 | | n/m | | 92 | | 46 | 48 | | 132 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Lynparza | 209 | | n/m | n/m | | 18 | | n/m | n/m | | 112 | | n/m | | 53 | | 47 | 50 | | 26 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Imfinzi | 262 | | n/m | n/m | | 2 | | n/m | n/m | | 216 | | n/m | | 18 | | n/m | n/m | | 26 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Iressa | 112 | | (14) | (11) | | 60 | | 18 | 24 | | 6 | | (50) | | 24 | | (25) | (22) | | 22 | | (37) | (37) | ||
| Calquence | 24 | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | - | | 24 | | n/m | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | ||
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Faslodex | 269 | | 13 | 16 | | 43 | | 59 | 81 | | 143 | | 15 | | 50 | | (19) | (19) | | 33 | | 32 | 32 | ||
| Zoladex | 182 | | (3) | 3 | | 96 | | 3 | 12 | | 2 | | n/m | | 34 | | (8) | (5) | | 50 | | (14) | (12) | ||
| Arimidex | 46 | | (19) | (16) | | 26 | | (21) | (18) | | - | | n/m | | 8 | | - | 13 | | 12 | | (14) | (14) | ||
| Casodex | 46 | | (15) | (13) | | 23 | | (23) | (20) | | - | | n/m | | 5 | | - | - | | 18 | | (14) | (14) | ||
| Others | 23 | | (21) | (17) | | 6 | | (14) | - | | - | | - | | 3 | | n/m | n/m | | 14 | | (39) | (39) | ||
| Total Oncology | 1,767 | | 58 | 61 | | 355 | | 19 | 30 | | 792 | | 134 | | 287 | | 19 | 21 | | 333 | | 38 | 38 | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| CVRM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Farxiga | 397 | | 20 | 24 | | 94 | | 31 | 42 | | 171 | | 14 | | 84 | | 18 | 24 | | 48 | | 23 | 28 | ||
| Brilinta | 376 | | 26 | 29 | | 94 | | 92 | n/m | | 177 | | 15 | | 91 | | 11 | 13 | | 14 | | - | - | ||
| Bydureon | 138 | | (6) | (5) | | (1) | | n/m | n/m | | 115 | | - | | 19 | | (17) | (13) | | 5 | | - | - | ||
| Onglyza | 148 | | (18) | (15) | | 51 | | 38 | 49 | | 61 | | (41) | | 21 | | (19) | (19) | | 15 | | 7 | 14 | ||
| Byetta | 32 | | (33) | (31) | | 2 | | (33) | - | | 19 | | (42) | | 7 | | (13) | (13) | | 4 | | - | - | ||
| Symlin | 10 | | (23) | (23) | | - | | - | - | | 10 | | (23) | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | ||
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Crestor | 353 | | (41) | (38) | | 210 | | 1 | 7 | | 42 | | (67) | | 44 | | (71) | (70) | | 57 | | (47) | (47) | ||
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 160 | | (5) | 4 | | 148 | | (5) | 4 | | 6 | | n/m | | 3 | | (25) | (25) | | 3 | | (40) | (40) | ||
| Atacand | 58 | | (21) | (14) | | 43 | | - | 12 | | 2 | | - | | 8 | | (65) | (65) | | 5 | | - | - | ||
| Others | 75 | | (12) | (8) | | 50 | | 4 | 10 | | 1 | | (50) | | 18 | | (22) | (22) | | 6 | | (50) | (50) | ||
| Total CVRM | 1,747 | | (10) | (6) | | 691 | | 12 | 21 | | 604 | | (14) | | 295 | | (28) | (26) | | 157 | | (24) | (22) | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Respiratory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Symbicort | 636 | | (15) | (13) | | 131 | | 12 | 20 | | 207 | | (28) | | 185 | | (19) | (17) | | 113 | | (4) | (2) | ||
| Pulmicort | 389 | | 5 | 9 | | 307 | | 14 | 20 | | 35 | | (29) | | 22 | | (15) | (15) | | 25 | | (7) | (7) | ||
| Fasenra | 125 | | n/m | n/m | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | 89 | | n/m | | 15 | | n/m | n/m | | 20 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Daliresp/Daxas | 54 | | 2 | 4 | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | 45 | | 5 | | 8 | | (20) | (20) | | - | | - | - | ||
| Tudorza/Eklira | 19 | | (55) | (55) | | - | | n/m | n/m | | (3) | | n/m | | 20 | | 11 | 11 | | 2 | | (33) | (33) | ||
| Duaklir | 22 | | (4) | - | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | | 21 | | (9) | (9) | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Bevespi | 10 | | 25 | 25 | | - | | - | - | | 10 | | 25 | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | ||
| Others | 107 | | 26 | 32 | | 57 | | 54 | 65 | | 3 | | (25) | | 36 | | 16 | 16 | | 11 | | (27) | (20) | ||
| Total Respiratory | 1,362 | | 2 | 5 | | 497 | | 17 | 25 | | 386 | | (6) | | 307 | | (9) | (7) | | 172 | | 6 | 8 | ||
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
| Nexium | 390 | | (9) | (6) | | 166 | | (1) | 5 | | 57 | | - | | 56 | | (22) | (22) | | 111 | | (15) | (14) | ||
| Synagis | 251 | | 7 | 7 | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | 154 | | 14 | | 96 | | (3) | (3) | | - | | - | - | ||
| FluMist/Fluenz | 75 | | 29 | 33 | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | | 71 | | 22 | 26 | | 3 | | n/m | n/m | ||
| Losec/Prilosec | 60 | | (13) | (9) | | 30 | | (17) | (14) | | 2 | | - | | 19 | | (5) | 5 | | 9 | | (18) | (18) | ||
| Seroquel XR/IR | 56 | | (65) | (64) | | 12 | | (69) | (67) | | 13 | | (84) | | 26 | | (13) | (13) | | 5 | | (44) | (44) | ||
| Movantik/Moventig | 25 | | (17) | (17) | | - | | - | - | | 27 | | (7) | | (2) | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | - | ||
| Others | 35 | | (70) | (68) | | 13 | | (73) | (88) | | 2 | | (86) | | 18 | | (18) | 9 | | 2 | | (94) | (84) | ||
| Total Other | 892 | | (18) | (17) | | 223 | | (23) | (21) | | 255 | | (20) | | 284 | | (6) | (3) | | 130 | | (29) | (27) | ||
| Total Product Sales | 5,768 | | 5 | 8 | | 1,766 | | 8 | 16 | | 2,037 | | 15 | | 1,173 | | (9) | (7) | | 792 | | - | 1 | ||
9 Sequential quarterly Product Sales - 2018
The table below provides an analysis of sequential quarterly Product Sales, with Actual and CER growth rates reflecting quarter-on-quarter growth.
The sequential quarterly product sales information included in the condensed financial information has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
| | Q1 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q2 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % |
| Q3 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q4 2018 $m | | Actual % | CER % |
| Oncology | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tagrisso | 338 | | 11 | 10 | | 422 | | 25 | 25 | | 506 | | 20 | 23 | | 594 | | 17 | 19 |
| Iressa | 132 | | 2 | (1) | | 143 | | 8 | 8 | | 131 | | (8) | (5) | | 112 | | (15) | (13) |
| Lynparza | 119 | | 19 | 18 | | 150 | | 26 | 26 | | 169 | | 13 | 15 | | 209 | | 24 | 25 |
| Imfinzi | 62 | | n/m | n/m | | 122 | | 98 | 98 | | 187 | | 53 | 52 | | 262 | | 40 | 41 |
| Calquence | 8 | | n/m | n/m | | 12 | | 51 | 50 | | 18 | | 50 | 50 | | 24 | | 33 | 33 |
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Faslodex | 254 | | 7 | 5 | | 247 | | (3) | (2) | | 258 | | 4 | 7 | | 269 | | 4 | 5 |
| Zoladex | 184 | | (2) | (4) | | 192 | | 4 | 5 | | 194 | | 1 | 6 | | 182 | | (6) | (2) |
| Arimidex | 54 | | (5) | (7) | | 57 | | 6 | 6 | | 55 | | (4) | - | | 46 | | (16) | (13) |
| Casodex | 52 | | (4) | (6) | | 52 | | - | (2) | | 51 | | (2) | 4 | | 46 | | (10) | (8) |
| Others | 27 | | (7) | (20) | | 37 | | 37 | 50 | | 28 | | (24) | (22) | | 23 | | (18) | 13 |
| Total Oncology | 1,230 | | 10 | 8 | | 1,434 | | 17 | 17 | | 1,597 | | 11 | 14 | | 1,767 | | 11 | 13 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| CVRM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Farxiga | 299 | | (10) | (11) | | 340 | | 14 | 15 | | 355 | | 4 | 7 | | 397 | | 12 | 13 |
| Brilinta | 293 | | (2) | (4) | | 316 | | 8 | 9 | | 336 | | 6 | 9 | | 376 | | 12 | 13 |
| Onglyza | 129 | | (28) | (29) | | 126 | | (2) | (2) | | 140 | | 11 | 14 | | 148 | | 6 | 8 |
| Bydureon | 139 | | (5) | (5) | | 155 | | 12 | 11 | | 152 | | (2) | (1) | | 138 | | (9) | (9) |
| Byetta | 31 | | (35) | (38) | | 29 | | (7) | (3) | | 34 | | 17 | 17 | | 32 | | (6) | (6) |
| Symlin | 9 | | (31) | (31) | | 7 | | (22) | (22) | | 8 | | 14 | 14 | | 10 | | 25 | 25 |
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Crestor | 389 | | (35) | (36) | | 338 | | (13) | (12) | | 353 | | 4 | 8 | | 353 | | - | 2 |
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 200 | | 19 | 18 | | 173 | | (14) | (13) | | 179 | | 3 | 10 | | 160 | | (11) | (8) |
| Atacand | 71 | | (3) | (3) | | 66 | | (8) | (8) | | 65 | | (2) | 5 | | 58 | | (11) | (9) |
| Others | 85 | | 6 | 4 | | 73 | | (13) | (11) | | 73 | | (3) | - | | 75 | | 3 | 3 |
| Total CVRM | 1,645 | | (15) | (17) | | 1,623 | | (1) | - | | 1,695 | | 4 | 8 | | 1,747 | | 3 | 5 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Respiratory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Symbicort | 634 | | (16) | (17) | | 672 | | 6 | 6 | | 619 | | (8) | (5) | | 636 | | 3 | 4 |
| Pulmicort | 346 | | (7) | (8) | | 287 | | (17) | (17) | | 264 | | (8) | (4) | | 389 | | 47 | 51 |
| Daliresp/Daxas | 38 | | (28) | (30) | | 45 | | 19 | 22 | | 52 | | 16 | 18 | | 54 | | 4 | 4 |
| Tudorza/Eklira | 34 | | (19) | (21) | | 39 | | 15 | 15 | | 18 | | (54) | (59) | | 19 | | 6 | 11 |
| Duaklir | 28 | | 22 | 17 | | 22 | | (22) | (19) | | 23 | | 5 | 5 | | 22 | | (4) | - |
| Fasenra | 21 | | n/m | n/m | | 65 | | n/m | n/m | | 86 | | 32 | 34 | | 125 | | 45 | 46 |
| Bevespi | 5 | | (38) | (38) | | 8 | | 61 | 60 | | 10 | | 25 | 25 | | 10 | | - | - |
| Others | 75 | | (12) | (20) | | 88 | | 17 | 16 | | 70 | | (20) | (13) | | 107 | | 53 | 57 |
| Total Respiratory | 1,181 | | (11) | (13) | | 1,226 | | 4 | 4 | | 1,142 | | (7) | (4) | | 1,362 | | 19 | 21 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nexium | 448 | | 5 | 3 | | 442 | | (1) | (1) | | 422 | | (5) | 97 | | 390 | | (8) | (7) |
| Synagis | 224 | | (4) | (4) | | 26 | | (89) | (88) | | 164 | | n/m | n/m | | 251 | | 53 | n/m |
| Seroquel XR/IR | 97 | | n/m | 40 | | 131 | | 35 | 37 | | 77 | | (41) | 6 | | 56 | | (27) | (31) |
| Losec/Prilosec | 69 | | - | (4) | | 76 | | 10 | 11 | | 67 | | (12) | 85 | | 60 | | (10) | (8) |
| Movantik/Moventig | 28 | | (7) | (7) | | 24 | | (14) | (14) | | 32 | | 33 | 167 | | 25 | | (22) | (22) |
| FluMist/Fluenz | - | | n/m | n/m | | - | | n/m | n/m | | 35 | | n/m | n/m | | 75 | | n/m | n/m |
| Others | 63 | | (62) | (45) | | 48 | | (25) | (26) | | 35 | | (27) | n/m | | 35 | | - | 31 |
| Total Other | 929 | | (15) | (16) | | 747 | | (20) | (20) | | 832 | | 12 | 15 | | 892 | | 7 | 22 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total Product Sales | 4,985 | | (9) | (11) | | 5,030 | | 1 | 1 | | 5,266 | | 5 | 8 | | 5,768 | | 10 | 13 |
10 Sequential quarterly Product Sales - 2017
The table below provides an analysis of sequential quarterly Product Sales, with Actual and CER growth rates reflecting quarter-on-quarter growth.
The sequential quarterly product sales information included in the condensed financial information has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
| | Q1 2017 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q2 2017 $m | | Actual % | CER | | Q3 2017 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q4 2017 $m | | Actual % | CER % |
| Oncology | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tagrisso | 171 | | 16 | 19 | | 232 | | 36 | 34 | | 248 | | 7 | 5 | | 304 | | 23 | 22 |
| Iressa | 124 | | 5 | 8 | | 137 | | 10 | 9 | | 137 | | - | (1) | | 130 | | (5) | (6) |
| Lynparza | 57 | | (8) | (6) | | 59 | | 4 | 2 | | 81 | | 37 | 33 | | 100 | | 23 | 22 |
| Imfinzi | - | | - | - | | 1 | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | - | | 18 | | n/m | n/m |
| Calquence | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | | 3 | | n/m | n/m |
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Faslodex | 214 | | (4) | (3) | | 248 | | 16 | 15 | | 241 | | (3) | (5) | | 238 | | (1) | (1) |
| Zoladex | 185 | | (21) | (12) | | 178 | | (4) | (5) | | 185 | | 4 | 2 | | 187 | | 1 | 1 |
| Casodex | 56 | | (7) | (2) | | 54 | | (4) | (3) | | 51 | | (6) | (9) | | 54 | | 6 | 6 |
| Arimidex | 52 | | (9) | (7) | | 54 | | 4 | 4 | | 54 | | - | (2) | | 57 | | 6 | 6 |
| Others | 26 | | (10) | (3) | | 30 | | 15 | 7 | | 29 | | (3) | (3) | | 29 | | - | 3 |
| Total Oncology | 885 | | (5) | - | | 993 | | 12 | 11 | | 1,026 | | 3 | 1 | | 1,120 | | 9 | 9 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| CVRM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Farxiga | 207 | | (13) | (13) | | 250 | | 21 | 20 | | 285 | | 14 | 11 | | 332 | | 16 | 16 |
| Brilinta | 224 | | (5) | (4) | | 272 | | 21 | 20 | | 284 | | 4 | 3 | | 299 | | 5 | 5 |
| Onglyza | 154 | | 3 | 3 | | 150 | | (3) | (3) | | 127 | | (15) | (17) | | 180 | | 42 | 42 |
| Bydureon | 153 | | 8 | 8 | | 146 | | (5) | (5) | | 128 | | (12) | (14) | | 147 | | 15 | 15 |
| Byetta | 46 | | (16) | (16) | | 43 | | (7) | (7) | | 39 | | (9) | (9) | | 48 | | 23 | 23 |
| Symlin | 14 | | - | - | | 11 | | (21) | (21) | | 10 | | (9) | (9) | | 13 | | 30 | 30 |
| Qtern | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | | 5 | | n/m | n/m |
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Crestor | 631 | | - | 3 | | 560 | | (11) | (12) | | 580 | | 4 | 2 | | 594 | | 2 | 2 |
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 186 | | 4 | 6 | | 181 | | (3) | (4) | | 160 | | (12) | (14) | | 168 | | 5 | 4 |
| Atacand | 75 | | (7) | (6) | | 72 | | (4) | (5) | | 80 | | 11 | 8 | | 73 | | (9) | (6) |
| Others | 89 | | 3 | 12 | | 90 | | 1 | (3) | | 80 | | (11) | (12) | | 80 | | - | (4) |
| Total CVRM | 1,779 | | (2) | - | | 1,775 | | - | (1) | | 1,773 | | - | (2) | | 1,939 | | 9 | 9 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Respiratory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Symbicort | 677 | | (9) | (7) | | 706 | | 4 | 3 | | 668 | | (5) | (7) | | 752 | | 13 | 12 |
| Pulmicort | 337 | | 17 | 19 | | 226 | | (33) | (33) | | 242 | | 7 | 5 | | 371 | | 53 | 51 |
| Daliresp/Daxas | 44 | | 7 | 10 | | 48 | | 9 | 9 | | 53 | | 10 | 8 | | 53 | | - | (2) |
| Tudorza/Eklira | 37 | | 3 | 6 | | 34 | | (8) | (8) | | 37 | | 9 | 6 | | 42 | | 14 | 14 |
| Duaklir | 19 | | - | - | | 16 | | (16) | (15) | | 21 | | 31 | 18 | | 23 | | 10 | 10 |
| Bevespi | 1 | | (67) | (50) | | 3 | | n/m | n/m | | 4 | | 33 | 33 | | 8 | | 100 | 100 |
| Others | 66 | | (20) | (19) | | 66 | | - | (4) | | 67 | | 2 | 4 | | 85 | | 27 | 30 |
| Total Respiratory | 1,181 | | (2) | (1) | | 1,099 | | (7) | (8) | | 1,092 | | (1) | (3) | | 1,334 | | 22 | 21 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nexium | 461 | | (6) | (4) | | 595 | | 29 | 28 | | 469 | | (21) | (22) | | 427 | | (9) | (9) |
| Synagis | 230 | | (24) | (24) | | 70 | | (70) | (70) | | 153 | | n/m | n/m | | 234 | | 53 | 53 |
| Seroquel XR/IR | 104 | | (36) | (35) | | 135 | | 30 | 30 | | 113 | | (16) | (16) | | 156 | | 38 | 36 |
| Losec/Prilosec | 68 | | 15 | 18 | | 68 | | - | (3) | | 66 | | (3) | (6) | | 69 | | 5 | 5 |
| Movantik/Moventig | 30 | | 15 | 15 | | 32 | | 7 | 7 | | 30 | | (6) | (6) | | 30 | | - | - |
| FluMist/Fluenz | - | | n/m | n/m | | - | | - | - | | 20 | | n/m | n/m | | 58 | | 190 | 175 |
| Others | 105 | | (48) | 44 | | 173 | | 65 | n/m | | 140 | | (19) | (21) | | 120 | | (14) | (15) |
| Total Other | 998 | | (24) | (22) | | 1,073 | | 8 | 7 | | 991 | | (8) | (9) | | 1,094 | | 10 | 10 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total Product Sales | 4,843 | | (8) | (6) | | 4,940 | | 2 | 1 | | 4,882 | | (1) | (3) | | 5,487 | | 12 | 12 |
11 Sequential quarterly Product Sales - 2016
The table below provides an analysis of sequential quarterly Product Sales, with Actual and CER growth rates reflecting quarter-on-quarter growth.
The sequential quarterly product sales information included in the condensed financial information has not been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
| | Q1 2016 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q2 2016 $m | | Actual % | CER | | Q3 2016 $m | | Actual % | CER % | | Q4 2016 $m | | Actual % | CER % |
| Oncology | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Iressa | 135 | | 5 | 5 | | 135 | | - | (2) | | 125 | | (7) | (8) | | 118 | | (6) | (4) |
| Tagrisso | 51 | | 183 | 200 | | 92 | | 80 | 82 | | 133 | | 45 | 44 | | 147 | | 11 | 11 |
| Lynparza | 44 | | 22 | 22 | | 54 | | 23 | 23 | | 58 | | 7 | 7 | | 62 | | 7 | 9 |
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Faslodex | 190 | | 3 | 3 | | 211 | | 11 | 9 | | 207 | | (2) | (2) | | 222 | | 7 | 9 |
| Zoladex | 178 | | (10) | (8) | | 204 | | 15 | 8 | | 199 | | (2) | (2) | | 235 | | 18 | 11 |
| Arimidex | 57 | | (5) | (5) | | 62 | | 9 | 7 | | 56 | | (10) | (13) | | 57 | | 2 | 5 |
| Casodex | 62 | | (2) | (6) | | 63 | | 2 | - | | 62 | | (2) | (5) | | 60 | | (3) | (2) |
| Others | 21 | | (22) | (22) | | 27 | | 29 | 12 | | 27 | | - | 4 | | 29 | | 7 | - |
| Total Oncology | 738 | | 3 | 3 | | 848 | | 15 | 12 | | 867 | | 2 | 2 | | 930 | | 7 | 7 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| CVRM | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Farxiga | 165 | | 9 | 10 | | 211 | | 28 | 26 | | 220 | | 4 | 4 | | 239 | | 9 | 9 |
| Brilinta | 181 | | 4 | 5 | | 214 | | 18 | 16 | | 208 | | (3) | (2) | | 236 | | 13 | 15 |
| Onglyza | 211 | | 10 | 12 | | 191 | | (9) | (11) | | 169 | | (12) | (11) | | 149 | | (12) | (11) |
| Bydureon | 135 | | (13) | (16) | | 156 | | 16 | 14 | | 145 | | (7) | (6) | | 142 | | (2) | (1) |
| Byetta | 62 | | (14) | (14) | | 76 | | 23 | 21 | | 61 | | (20) | (19) | | 55 | | (10) | (10) |
| Symlin | 5 | | (64) | (64) | | 10 | | n/m | n/m | | 11 | | 10 | 10 | | 14 | | 27 | 27 |
| Legacy: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Crestor | 1,156 | | (13) | (13) | | 926 | | (20) | (21) | | 688 | | (26) | (26) | | 631 | | (8) | (7) |
| Seloken/Toprol-XL | 185 | | 16 | 11 | | 189 | | 2 | - | | 185 | | (2) | (2) | | 178 | | (4) | (2) |
| Atacand | 71 | | (17) | (15) | | 89 | | 25 | 22 | | 74 | | (17) | (19) | | 81 | | 9 | 14 |
| Others | 121 | | (9) | (16) | | 106 | | (12) | (11) | | 84 | | (21) | (19) | | 86 | | 2 | - |
| Total CVRM | 2,292 | | (7) | (7) | | 2,168 | | (5) | (7) | | 1,845 | | (15) | (15) | | 1,811 | | (2) | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Respiratory | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Symbicort | 749 | | (13) | (12) | | 803 | | 7 | 6 | | 697 | | (13) | (13) | | 740 | | 6 | 8 |
| Pulmicort | 310 | | 13 | 14 | | 239 | | (23) | (23) | | 224 | | (6) | (6) | | 288 | | 29 | 31 |
| Daliresp/Daxas | 31 | | (3) | (3) | | 40 | | 29 | 29 | | 42 | | 5 | 5 | | 41 | | (2) | (2) |
| Tudorza/Eklira | 39 | | (17) | (17) | | 48 | | 23 | 21 | | 47 | | (2) | - | | 36 | | (23) | (23) |
| Duaklir | 13 | | 8 | 8 | | 17 | | 31 | 31 | | 14 | | (18) | (18) | | 19 | | 36 | 43 |
| Bevespi | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | | - | | - | - | | 3 | | n/m | n/m |
| Others | 65 | | - | (3) | | 79 | | 22 | 18 | | 86 | | 9 | 12 | | 83 | | (3) | 1 |
| Total Respiratory | 1,207 | | (6) | (6) | | 1,226 | | 2 | 1 | | 1,110 | | (9) | (9) | | 1,210 | | 9 | 10 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Nexium | 463 | | (18) | (18) | | 562 | | 21 | 20 | | 516 | | (8) | (9) | | 491 | | (5) | (4) |
| Seroquel XR/IR | 286 | | (6) | (6) | | 283 | | (1) | (2) | | 236 | | (17) | (16) | | 162 | | (31) | (32) |
| Synagis | 244 | | (11) | (11) | | 27 | | (89) | (89) | | 104 | | n/m | n/m | | 302 | | n/m | n/m |
| Losec/Prilosec | 75 | | (3) | (4) | | 70 | | (7) | (9) | | 72 | | 3 | 4 | | 59 | | (18) | (17) |
| Movantik/Moventig | 17 | | 13 | 13 | | 23 | | 35 | 35 | | 25 | | 9 | 9 | | 26 | | 4 | 4 |
| FluMist/Fluenz | 5 | | (97) | (97) | | 6 | | 20 | 20 | | 26 | | n/m | n/m | | 67 | | n/m | n/m |
| Others | 238 | | n/m | (31) | | 256 | | 8 | (87) | | 224 | | (13) | (19) | | 202 | | (10) | n/m |
| Total Other | 1,328 | | (24) | (22) | | 1,227 | | (8) | (9) | | 1,203 | | (2) | (3) | | 1,309 | | 9 | 10 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total Product Sales | 5,565 | | (10) | (10) | | 5,469 | | (2) | (3) | | 5,025 | | (8) | (8) | | 5,260 | | 5 | 6 |
| Announcement of first quarter 2019 results and Annual General Meeting | 26 April 2019 | |
| Announcement of first half and second quarter 2019 results | 25 July 2019 | |
| Announcement of nine months and third quarter 2019 results | 24 October 2019 | |
| | | |
| Future dividends will normally be paid as follows: | | |
| First interim | Announced with half-year and second-quarter results and paid in September | |
| Second interim | Announced with full-year and fourth-quarter results and paid in March | |
The record date for the second interim dividend for 2018, payable on 27 March 2019, will be 1 March 2019. The ex-dividend date will be 28 February 2019. The record date for the first interim dividend for 2019, payable on 9 September 2019, will be 9 August 2019. The ex-dividend date will be 8 August 2019.
Trademarks of the AstraZeneca group of companies and of companies other than AstraZeneca appear throughout this document in italics. AstraZeneca, the AstraZeneca logotype and the AstraZeneca symbol are all trademarks of the AstraZeneca group of companies. Trademarks of companies other than AstraZeneca that appear in this document include Duaklir, Eklira, and Tudorza, trademarks of Almirall, S.A.; Epanova, a trademark of Chrysalis Pharma AG; Atacand and Atacand Plus owned by AstraZeneca or Cheplapharm Arzneimittel GmbH (depending on geography); Synagis owned by Sobi or AbbVie Inc. (depending on geography); Linzess owned by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Alvesco, Omnaris and Zetonna, owned by Covis Pharma; Vimovo, owned by AstraZeneca or Grünenthal GmbH (depending on geography); and Imbruvica, owned by Pharmacyclics, Inc., Johnson & Johnson or Janssen Pharmaceutica NV (depending on geography).
Information on or accessible through AstraZeneca's websites, including astrazeneca.com, does not form part of and is not incorporated into this announcement.
| Addresses for correspondence | |||
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In order, among other things, to utilise the 'safe harbour' provisions of the US Private Securities Litigation Reform Act 1995, we are providing the following cautionary statement:
This document contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to the operations, performance and financial condition of the Group, including, among other things, statements about expected revenues, margins, earnings per share or other financial or other measures. Although we believe our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, any forward-looking statements, by their very nature, involve risks and uncertainties and may be influenced by factors that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different from those predicted. The forward-looking statements reflect knowledge and information available at the date of preparation of this document and AstraZeneca undertakes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements. We identify the forward-looking statements by using the words 'anticipates', 'believes', 'expects', 'intends' and similar expressions in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements, certain of which are beyond our control, include, among other things: the loss or expiration of, or limitations to, patents, marketing exclusivity or trademarks, or the risk of failure to obtain and enforce patent protection; effects of patent litigation in respect of IP rights; the impact of any delays in the manufacturing, distribution and sale of any of our products; the impact of any failure by third parties to supply materials or services; the risk of failure of outsourcing; the risks associated with manufacturing biologics; the risk that R&D will not yield new products that achieve commercial success; the risk of delay to new product launches; the risk that new products do not perform as we expect; the risk that strategic alliances and acquisitions, including licensing and collaborations, will be unsuccessful; the risks from pressures resulting from generic competition; the impact of competition, price controls and price reductions; the risks associated with developing our business in emerging markets; the risk of illegal trade in our products; the difficulties of obtaining and maintaining regulatory approvals for products; the risk that regulatory approval processes for biosimilars could have an adverse effect on future commercial prospects; the risk of failure to successfully implement planned cost reduction measures through productivity initiatives and restructuring programmes; the risk of failure of critical processes affecting business continuity; economic, regulatory and political pressures to limit or reduce the cost of our products; failure to achieve strategic priorities or to meet targets, expectations, guidance or indications; the risk of substantial adverse litigation/government investigation claims and insufficient insurance coverage; the risk of substantial product liability claims; the risk of failure to adhere to applicable laws, rules and regulations; the risk of failure to adhere to applicable laws, rules and regulations relating to anti-competitive behaviour; the impact of increasing implementation and enforcement of more stringent anti-bribery and anti-corruption legislation; taxation risks; exchange rate fluctuations; the risk of an adverse impact of a sustained economic downturn; political and socio-economic conditions; the risk of environmental liabilities; the risk of occupational health and safety liabilities; the risk associated with pensions liabilities; the impact of failing to attract and retain key personnel and to successfully engage with our employees; the risk of misuse of social medial platforms and new technology; and the risk of failure of information technology and cybercrime. Nothing in this document, or any related presentation / webcast, should be construed as a profit forecast.
[15] Coronary artery disease.
[16] Cardiovascular outcomes trial.
[17] Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
[18] May include, inter alia, option income and profit-sharing income.
[19] FY 2018 Product Sales here comprise sales made prior to completion, plus sales to collaborators under manufacturing and supply agreements following completion.
[20] Emerging Markets comprises all remaining Rest of World markets, including Brazil, China, India, Mexico, Russia and Turkey.
[21] Gross Margin, as a percentage of Product Sales, reflects Gross Profit derived from Product Sales, divided by Product Sales. FY 2018 Cost of Sales included $nil of costs relating to externalisation activities (FY 2017: $198m), which are excluded from the calculation of Gross Margin. Movements in Gross Margin are expressed in percentage points.
[22] Gross Margin, as a percentage of Product Sales, reflects Gross Profit derived from Product Sales, divided by Product Sales. Q4 2018 Cost of Sales included $nil of costs relating to externalisation activities (Q4 2017: $2m income), which are excluded from the calculation of Gross Margin. Movements in Gross Margin are expressed in percentage points.
[23] EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See above for the definition of EBITDA.
[24] Other adjustments include fair-value adjustments relating to contingent consideration on business combinations (see Note 4), discount unwind on acquisition-related liabilities (see Note 4) and provision movements related to certain legal matters (see Note 5).
[25] Each of the measures in the Core column in the above table are non-GAAP financial measures. See the Operating and Financial Review for related definitions.
[26] Gross Margin, as a percentage of Product Sales, reflects Gross Profit derived from Product Sales, divided by Product Sales. FY 2018 Cost of Sales included $nil of costs relating to externalisation activities (FY 2017: $198m), which are excluded from the calculation of Gross Margin. Movements in Gross Margin are expressed in percentage points.
[27] Other adjustments include fair-value adjustments relating to contingent consideration on business combinations (see Note 4), discount unwind on acquisition-related liabilities (see Note 4) and provision movements related to certain legal matters (see Note 5).
[28] Each of the measures in the Core column in the above table are non-GAAP financial measures. See the Operating and Financial Review for related definitions.
[29] Gross Margin, as a percentage of Product Sales, reflects Gross Profit derived from Product Sales, divided by Product Sales. Q4 2018 Cost of Sales included $nil of costs relating to externalisation activities (Q4 2017: $2m income), which are excluded from the calculation of Gross Margin. Movements in Gross Margin are expressed in percentage points.
[30] Based on best prevailing assumptions around currency profiles.
[31] Based on average daily spot rates between 1 January and 31 December 2018.
[32] Based on average daily spot rates between 1 January and 31 January 2019.
[33] Other currencies include AUD, BRL, CAD, KRW and RUB.
[34] These priorities were determined, along with a set of nine foundational areas, through a materiality assessment with external and internal stakeholders, respectively. Combined, they ensure the maximum possible benefit to patients, the Company, broader society and the planet. AstraZeneca's sustainability priorities, foundations and commitments align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), and, in particular, SDG three for 'Good Health'.
[35] Data reported as of 30 September 2018.
[36] Scope 3 increase was a result primarily of growing pressurised metered device inhalation (pMDI) emissions in the Respiratory-medicines platform; also due to air travel, outweighing savings made in logistics.
[37] Under regulatory review. The table shown above as at today.
[38] Phase II trial data, with potential for registration.
[39] First patient commenced dosing.
[40] Conducted by the Canadian Cancer Trials Group.
[41] Chemotherapy and radiation therapy
[42] Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
[43] Conducted by the ARCAGY/Groupe d'Investigateurs National des Etudes des Cancers Ovariens et du sein.
[44] Conducted by the National Cancer Institute (US).
[45] Homologous Recombination Repair mutated.
[46] Included c.10,000 patients who had no prior index event and c.7,000 patients who had suffered an index event.
[47] Major adverse cardiovascular event.
[48] Estimated glomerular filtration rate.
[49] End-stage renal disease.
[50] Other reserves include the capital redemption reserve and the merger reserve.
[51] The Group adopted IFRS 15 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers' from 1 January 2018. See Note 1.