Putnam
Money Market
Fund
Prospectus
1 | 30 | 24
FUND SYMBOLS | CLASS A | CLASS B | CLASS C | CLASS R |
PDDXX | PTBXX | PFCXX | PURXX |
Fund summary | 2 |
What are the fund’s main investment strategies and related risks? | 6 |
Who oversees and manages the fund? | 10 |
How does the fund price its shares? | 11 |
How do I buy fund shares? | 11 |
How do I sell or exchange fund shares? | 16 |
Policy on excessive short-term trading | 19 |
Distribution plans and payments to dealers | 20 |
Fund distributions and taxes | 21 |
Financial highlights | 23 |
Appendix | 26 |
Investment Category: Income
This prospectus explains what you should know about this mutual fund before you invest. Please read it carefully.
These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) nor has the SEC passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any statement to the contrary is a crime.
Putnam Money Market Fund
Putnam Money Market Fund seeks as high a rate of current income as Putnam Investment Management, LLC believes is consistent with preservation of capital and maintenance of liquidity.
The following tables describe the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and examples below. Information about sales charge discounts is available from your financial professional and in the Appendix to the fund’s prospectus.
Share class | Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price) | Maximum deferred sales charge (load) (as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption proceeds, whichever is lower) |
Class A | ||
Class B | ||
Class C | ||
Class R |
(expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the
value of your investment)
Share class | Management fees | Distribution and service (12b-1) feesa | Other expenses |
Total annual fund operating expenses |
Class A | ||||
Class B | ||||
Class C | ||||
Class R |
* |
a |
The following hypothetical example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem or hold all your shares at the end of those periods. It assumes a 5% return on your investment
2 Prospectus |
each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Share class | 1 year | 3 years | 5 years | 10 years |
Class A | $ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Class B* | $ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Class B (no redemption) | $48 | $151 | $263 | $591 |
Class C | $ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Class C (no redemption) | $ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
Class R | $ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
* |
Investments
We invest mainly in money market instruments that are high quality and have short-term maturities. We invest significantly in certificates of deposit, commercial paper (including asset-backed commercial paper), U.S. government debt and repurchase agreements, corporate obligations and time deposits. We may also invest in U.S. dollar denominated foreign securities of these types. We may consider, among other factors, credit and interest rate risks and characteristics of the issuer or counterparty, as well as general market conditions, when deciding whether to buy or sell investments.
The value of investments in the fund’s portfolio may fall or fail to rise over extended periods of time for a variety of reasons, including general economic, political or financial market conditions, investor sentiment and market perceptions, government actions, geopolitical events or changes, outbreaks of infectious illnesses or other widespread public health issues, and factors related to a specific issuer, geography, industry or sector. These and other factors may lead to increased volatility and reduced liquidity in the fund’s portfolio holdings, may negatively impact the fund’s performance, and may exacerbate other risks to which the fund is subject.
Prospectus 3 |
There is no guarantee that the investment techniques, analyses, or judgments that we apply in making investment decisions for the fund will produce the intended outcome or that the investments we select for the fund will perform as well as other securities that were not selected for the fund. We, or the fund’s other service providers, may experience disruptions or operating errors that could negatively impact the fund.
The
fund may not achieve its goal, and it is not intended to be a complete
investment program.
Year | Value |
---|---|
Annual Return 2014 | |
Annual Return 2015 | |
Annual Return 2016 | |
Annual Return 2017 | |
Annual Return 2018 | |
Annual Return 2019 | |
Annual Return 2020 | |
Annual Return 2021 | |
Annual Return 2022 | |
Annual Return 2023 |
Best
calendar quarter Q4 2023 |
1.29% |
Worst
calendar quarter Q1 2022 |
0.00% |
Share class | 1 year | 5 years | 10 years |
Class A before taxes | |||
Class B before taxes | - |
||
Class C before taxes | |||
Class R before taxes |
Class B and C share performance reflects conversion to class A shares after eight years. |
end
4 Prospectus |
Your fund’s management
Investment advisor
Putnam Investment Management, LLC
Sub-advisor
Putnam Investments Limited*
* | Though the investment advisor has retained the services of Putnam Investments Limited (PIL), PIL does not currently manage any assets of the fund. |
Putnam Investment Management, LLC and PIL are each indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc.
Purchase and sale of fund shares
In accordance with the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) rules governing money market funds, the fund operates as a retail money market fund and requires all beneficial owners to be natural persons.
You can open an account, purchase and/or sell fund shares, or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund by contacting your financial professional or by calling Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581. Purchases of class B shares are closed to new and existing investors except by exchange from class B shares of another Putnam fund or through dividend and/or capital gains reinvestment.
When opening an account, you must complete and mail a Putnam account application, along with a check made payable to the fund, to: Putnam Investments, P.O. Box 219697, Kansas City, MO 64121-9697. The minimum initial investment of $500 is currently waived, although Putnam reserves the right to reject initial investments under $500 at its discretion. There is no minimum for subsequent investments. Shares are sold at a net asset value (NAV) of $1.00 per share, without any initial sales charge.
You can sell your shares back to the fund or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund any day the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (FRBNY) are both open. Shares may be sold or exchanged by mail, by phone, or, for exchanges only, online at putnam.com. Some restrictions may apply.
Tax information
Distributions from the fund will be taxed as ordinary income unless you hold the shares through a tax-advantaged arrangement, in which case you will generally be taxed only upon withdrawal of monies from the arrangement.
Financial intermediary compensation
If you purchase the fund through a broker/dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial professional), the fund and its related companies may pay that intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. Please bear in mind that these payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker/dealer or other intermediary to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your advisor or visit your advisor’s website for more information.
Prospectus 5 |
What are the fund’s main investment strategies and related risks?
This section contains greater detail on the fund’s main investment strategies and the related risks you would face as a fund shareholder. It is important to keep in mind that risk and reward generally go hand in hand; the higher the potential reward, the greater the risk.
Although the fund’s investments will comply with applicable rules governing the quality, maturity, diversification and liquidity of securities held by money market funds, the fund may invest up to 5% of its total assets in illiquid securities (securities that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the market value ascribed to them by the fund).
We pursue the fund’s goal by investing mainly in money market and other fixed income investments, such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper (including asset-backed commercial paper), U.S. government debt and repurchase agreements, corporate obligations and time deposits.
6 Prospectus |
The fund may not hold an investment with more than 397 days remaining to maturity and the fund’s average weighted maturity will not exceed 60 days (in each case after giving effect to applicable maturity-shortening features such as interest rate resets or demand features, as described below). In addition, the weighted average life (determined without reference to maturity-shortening features) of the fund will not exceed 120 days. Short-term investments may have lower yields than longer-term investments.
Some investments that we purchase for the fund have an interest rate that changes based on a market interest rate and/or allow the holder to demand payment of principal and accrued interest before the scheduled maturity date. We measure the maturity of these obligations using the relatively short period until the interest rate resets and/or payment could be demanded, as applicable. Because the interest rate on these investments can change, these investments are unlikely to be able to lock in favorable longer-term interest rates.
The credit quality of an investment may be supported or enhanced by another company or financial institution through the use of a letter of credit or similar arrangements. The main risk in investments backed by a letter of credit is that the provider of the letter of credit will not be able to fulfill its obligations to the issuer.
— | the fund may not purchase a security other than a security offering daily liquidity (as specified by applicable rules governing money market funds) if, immediately after purchase, the fund would have invested less than 10% (25% on and after April 2, 2024) of its total assets in securities offering daily liquidity; |
— | the fund may not purchase a security other than a security offering weekly liquidity (as specified by applicable rules governing money market funds) if, immediately after purchase, the fund would have invested less than 30% (50% on and after April 2, 2024) of its total assets in securities offering weekly liquidity (i.e., liquidity within five business days); and |
— | the fund may not purchase an illiquid security (a security that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the market value ascribed to it by the fund) if, immediately after purchase, the fund would have invested more than 5% of its total assets in illiquid securities. |
The fund’s investments in illiquid securities may be considered speculative and may be difficult to sell. The sale of these investments may be prohibited or limited by law or contract. Some investments may be difficult to value for purposes of determining
Prospectus 7 |
the fund’s net asset value. Certain other investments may not have an active trading market due to adverse market, economic, industry, political, regulatory, geopolitical, environmental, public health, and other conditions, including investors trying to sell large quantities of a particular investment or type of investment, or lack of market makers or other buyers for a particular investment or type of investment. We may not be able to sell the fund’s illiquid investments when we consider it desirable to do so, or we may be able to sell them only at less than their value.
The COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to contain its spread have resulted in, among other effects, significant market volatility, exchange trading suspensions and closures, declines in global financial markets, higher default rates, significant changes in fiscal and monetary policies, and economic downturns and recessions. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have negatively affected, and may continue to negatively affect, the global economy, the economies of the United States and other individual countries, the financial performance of individual issuers, sectors, industries, asset classes, and markets, and the value, volatility, and liquidity of particular securities and other assets. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic also are likely to exacerbate other risks that apply to the fund, including the risks disclosed in this prospectus, which could negatively impact the fund’s performance and lead to losses on your investment in the fund. The duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects cannot be determined with certainty.
In March 2023, the shut-down of certain financial institutions raised economic concerns over disruption in the U.S. banking system. There can be no certainty that the actions taken by the U.S. government to strengthen public confidence in the U.S. banking system will be effective in mitigating the effects of financial institution failures on the economy and maintaining public confidence in the U.S. banking system.
8 Prospectus |
Prospectus 9 |
the SEC for the period that includes the date of the information, after which such information can be found on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
Who oversees and manages the fund?
The fund’s Trustees
As a shareholder of a mutual fund, you have certain rights and protections, including representation by a Board of Trustees. The Putnam Funds’ Board of Trustees oversees the general conduct of the fund’s business and represents the interests of the Putnam fund shareholders. At least 75% of the members of the Putnam Funds’ Board of Trustees are independent, which means they are not officers of the fund or affiliated with Putnam Investment Management, LLC (Putnam Management).
The Trustees periodically review the fund’s investment performance and the quality of other services such as administration, custody, and investor services. At least annually, the Trustees review the fees paid to Putnam Management and its affiliates for providing or overseeing these services, as well as the overall level of the fund’s operating expenses. In carrying out their responsibilities, the Trustees are assisted by an administrative staff, auditors and legal counsel that are selected by the Trustees and are independent of Putnam Management and its affiliates.
Contacting the fund’s Trustees
Address
correspondence to:
The Putnam Funds Trustees
100 Federal Street
Boston, MA 02110
The fund’s investment manager
The Trustees have retained Putnam Management, which has managed mutual funds since 1937, to be the fund’s investment manager, responsible for making investment decisions for the fund and managing the fund’s other affairs and business.
The basis for the Trustees’ approval of the fund’s management contract and the sub-management contract described below is discussed in the fund’s annual report to shareholders dated September 30, 2023.
The fund pays a monthly management fee to Putnam Management. The fee is calculated by applying a rate to the fund’s average net assets for the month. The rate is based on the monthly average of the aggregate net assets of other open-end funds sponsored by Putnam Management (excluding net assets of such funds that are invested in, or that are invested in by, other such funds to the extent necessary to avoid “double counting” of those assets), and generally declines as the aggregate net assets increase.
Putnam Management may from time to time voluntarily undertake to waive fees and/or reimburse certain fund expenses in order to enhance the annualized net yield for the fund. Any such waiver or reimbursement would be voluntary and may be modified or discontinued by Putnam Management at any time without notice.
10 Prospectus |
The fund paid Putnam Management a management fee (after any applicable waivers) of 0.28% of average net assets for the fund’s last fiscal year.
Putnam Management’s address is 100 Federal Street, Boston, MA 02110.
Putnam Management has retained its affiliate PIL to make investment decisions for such fund assets as may be designated from time to time for its management by Putnam Management. PIL is not currently managing any fund assets. If PIL were to manage any fund assets, Putnam Management (and not the fund) would pay a quarterly sub-management fee to PIL for its services at the annual rate of 0.20% of the average net asset value (NAV) of any fund assets managed by PIL. PIL, which provides a full range of international investment advisory services to institutional clients, is located at 16 St James’s Street, London, England, SW1A 1ER.
Pursuant to this arrangement, Putnam investment professionals who are based in foreign jurisdictions may serve as portfolio managers of the fund or provide other investment services, consistent with local regulations.
Putnam Management and PIL are each indirect, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Franklin Resources, Inc.
How does the fund price its shares?
The price of the fund’s shares is based on its NAV. The NAV per share of each class equals the total value of its assets, less its liabilities, divided by the number of its outstanding shares. Shares are only valued as of the scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE each day the NYSE and FRBNY are both open.
The fund values its investments at amortized cost, which approximates market value.
The fund’s most recent NAV is available on Putnam Investments’ website at putnam.com/individual or by contacting Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581.
How do I buy fund shares?
Opening an account
The fund operates as a retail money market fund and has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to limit beneficial ownership of the fund to natural persons. Only natural person investors are permitted to open a fund account. Natural persons include individuals with social security number and individuals investing through certain trusts and tax-advantaged accounts (including, but not limited to, defined contribution plan accounts, 401(k) plan accounts, individual retirement accounts, college savings plans, Keogh plans and health savings account plans).
You can open a fund account and purchase class A, B or C shares by contacting your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services at 1-800-225-1581 and obtaining a Putnam account application. Class B shares are only available in exchange for class B shares of another Putnam fund or through dividend and/or capital gain
Prospectus 11 |
reinvestment. The completed application, along with a check made payable to the fund, must then be returned to Putnam Investor Services at the following address:
Putnam
Investments
P.O. Box 219697
Kansas City, MO 64121-9697
You can open a fund account with as little as $500. The minimum investment is waived if you make regular investments weekly, semi-monthly or monthly through automatic deductions from your bank checking or savings account. Although Putnam is currently waiving the minimum, it reserves the right to reject initial investments under the minimum at its discretion. Shares are sold at a NAV of $1.00 per share, without any initial sales charge.
If you participate in an employer-sponsored retirement plan that offers the fund, please consult your employer for information on how to purchase shares of the fund through the plan, including any restrictions or limitations that may apply.
Purchase orders for shares are only accepted on days the fund is open for business and must be received by 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time to be processed that day.
Federal law requires mutual funds to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies investors opening new accounts. Investors must provide their full name, residential or business address, Social Security or tax identification number, and date of birth. Entities, such as trusts, estates, corporations and partnerships must also provide additional identifying documentation. For trusts, the fund must obtain and verify identifying information for each trustee listed in the account registration. For certain legal entities, the fund must also obtain and verify identifying information regarding beneficial owners and/or control persons. The fund is unable to accept new accounts if any required information is not provided. If Putnam Investor Services cannot verify identifying information after opening your account, the fund reserves the right to close your account at the then-current NAV, which may be more or less than your original investment, net of any applicable sales charges. Putnam Investor Services may share identifying information with third parties for the purpose of verification subject to the terms of Putnam’s privacy policy.
Also, the fund may periodically close to new purchases of shares or refuse any order to buy shares if the fund determines that doing so would be in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders.
Financial intermediaries purchasing or holding shares for their customer accounts may charge customers fees for cash management and other services provided in connection with their accounts. You should therefore consider the terms of any account you may have with a financial intermediary before purchasing shares. Financial intermediaries purchasing shares on behalf of customers are responsible for transmitting orders to the fund in accordance with customer agreements.
12 Prospectus |
Purchasing additional shares
Once you have an existing account, you can make additional investments at any time in any amount in the following ways:
Which class of shares is best for me?
This prospectus offers you a choice of three classes of fund shares: A, B (only in exchange for class B shares of another Putnam fund) and C. Qualified employee-benefit plans may also choose class R shares of the fund.
This allows you to choose among different types of deferred sales charges and different levels of ongoing operating expenses, as illustrated in the Fund summary — Fees and expenses section. The class of shares that is best for you depends on a number of factors, including the amount you plan to invest and how long you plan to hold the shares.
Class A shares only
A deferred sales charge of 1.00% may apply to class A shares obtained by exchanging shares from another Putnam fund that were originally purchased without an initial sales charge, if the shares are redeemed within nine months of the original purchase.
Shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held the longest. The deferred sales charge will be based on the lower of the shares’ original cost and current NAV, because you may have acquired the shares in an exchange from
Prospectus 13 |
a fund whose share values fluctuated. You may sell shares acquired by reinvestment of distributions without a charge at any time.
Class B and C shares only
Class B shares will only be offered to class B shareholders of other Putnam funds wishing to exchange into the fund. If you sell (redeem) class B shares obtained in an exchange of class B shares of another Putnam fund within six years after you originally acquired the class B shares of the other Putnam fund, you will pay a deferred sales charge according to the following schedule:
Year after purchase | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7+ |
Charge | 5% | 4% | 3% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 0% |
Shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held longest. The deferred sales charge will be based on the lower of the shares’ original cost and current NAV, because you may have acquired the shares in an exchange from a fund whose share values fluctuated. You may sell shares acquired by reinvestment of distributions without a charge at any time.
If you sell (redeem) class C shares obtained in an exchange of class C shares of another Putnam fund within one year after you originally acquired the class C shares of the other Putnam fund, you will pay a deferred sales charge of 1.00%.
Class B shares convert automatically to class A shares after eight years.
Orders for class C shares of one or more Putnam funds, other than class C shares sold to qualified employee-benefit plans, will be refused when the existing account balances that are eligible to be linked under a right of accumulation for purchases of class A shares is $1,000,000 or more. Investors considering cumulative purchases of $1,000,000 or more should consider whether class A shares would be more advantageous and consult their financial representative.
Class C shares convert automatically to class A shares after eight years, thereby potentially reducing future 12b-1 fees, provided that Putnam Investor Services or the financial intermediary through which a shareholder purchased class C shares has records verifying that the class C shares have been held for at least eight years, and that class A shares are available for purchase by residents in the shareholder’s jurisdiction. In certain cases, records verifying that the class C shares have been held for at least eight years may not be available (for example, participant level share lot aging may not be tracked by group retirement plan recordkeeping platforms through which class C shares of the fund are held in an omnibus account). If such records are unavailable, Putnam Investor Services or the relevant financial intermediary may not effect the conversion or may effect the conversion on a different schedule determined by Putnam Investor Services or the financial intermediary, which may be shorter or longer than eight years. Investors should consult their financial representative for more information about their eligibility for class C share conversion.
14 Prospectus |
Class C shares may be exchanged automatically for class A shares if the shareholder is investing through an account or platform with a financial intermediary, to the extent described in the Appendix, provided that class A shares are available for purchase by residents in the shareholder’s jurisdiction.
Class R shares only
Class R shares have no deferred sales charge.
Deferred sales charges may be reduced or waived under certain circumstances and for certain groups. The CDSC waiver categories described below do not apply to customers purchasing shares of the fund through any of the financial intermediaries specified in the Appendix to this prospectus (each, a “Specified Intermediary”).
Different financial intermediaries may impose different sales charges. Please refer to the Appendix for the CDSC waivers that are applicable to each Specified Intermediary.
Class B and class C shares
A CDSC is waived in the event of a redemption under the following circumstances:
(i) | a withdrawal from a Systematic Withdrawal Plan (“SWP”) of up to 12% of the net asset value of the account (calculated as set forth in the SAI); |
(ii) | a redemption of shares that are no longer subject to the CDSC holding period therefor; |
(iii) | a redemption of shares that were issued upon the reinvestment of distributions by the fund; |
(iv) | a redemption of shares that were exchanged for shares of another Putnam fund, provided that the shares acquired in such exchange or subsequent exchanges (including shares of a Putnam money market fund or Putnam Ultra Short Duration Income Fund) will continue to remain subject to the CDSC, if applicable, until the applicable holding period expires; and |
(v) | in the case of individual, joint or Uniform Transfers to Minors Act accounts, in the event of death or post-purchase disability of a shareholder, for the purpose of paying benefits pursuant to tax-qualified retirement plans (“Benefit Payments”), or, in the case of living trust accounts, in the event of the death or post-purchase disability of the settlor of the trust. |
Additional information about reductions and waivers of deferred sales charges is included in the SAI. You may consult your financial representative or Putnam Retail Management for assistance.
Prospectus 15 |
How do I sell or exchange fund shares?
You can sell your shares back to the fund or exchange them for shares of another Putnam fund any day the NYSE and FRBNY are both open, either through your financial representative or directly to the fund. In the case of exchanges, shareholders of class A shares will, in most cases, be required to pay a sales charge, which varies depending on the fund to which they exchange shares and the amount exchanged.
If you redeem your shares shortly after purchasing them, your redemption payment for the shares may be delayed until the fund collects the purchase price of the shares, which may be up to 7 calendar days after the purchase date.
Regarding exchanges, not all Putnam funds offer all classes of shares or may be open to new investors. If you exchange shares otherwise subject to a deferred sales charge, the transaction will not be subject to the deferred sales charge. When you redeem the shares acquired through the exchange, however, the redemption may be subject to the deferred sales charge, depending upon when and from which fund you originally purchased the shares. The deferred sales charge will be computed using the schedule of any fund into or from which you have exchanged your shares that would result in your paying the highest deferred sales charge applicable to your class of shares. For purposes of computing the deferred sales charge, the length of time you have owned your shares will be measured from the date of original purchase, unless you originally purchased the shares from another Putnam fund that does not directly charge a deferred sales charge, in which case the length of time you have owned your shares will be measured from the date you exchange those shares for shares of another Putnam fund that does charge a deferred sales charge, and will not be affected by any subsequent exchanges among funds.
16 Prospectus |
by telephone. A telephone exchange privilege is currently available. The telephone redemption and exchange privileges may be modified or terminated without notice.
The fund also reserves the right to revise or terminate the exchange privilege, limit the amount or number of exchanges or reject any exchange. The fund into which you would like to exchange may also reject your exchange. These actions may apply to all shareholders or only to those shareholders whose exchanges Putnam Management determines are likely to have a negative effect on the fund or other Putnam funds. Consult Putnam Investor Services before requesting an exchange. Ask your financial representative or Putnam Investor Services for prospectuses of other Putnam funds. Some Putnam funds are not available in all states.
Deferred sales charges will be based on the lower of the shares’ cost and current NAV. Shares not subject to any charge will be redeemed first, followed by shares held longest. You may sell shares acquired by reinvestment of distributions without a charge at any time.
Prospectus 17 |
your shares may differ based on industry standard trade settlement practices, as managed by your intermediary. However, it is possible that payment of redemption proceeds, for both accounts held with Putnam Investor Services and those held through a financial intermediary, may take up to seven days. Under unusual circumstances, the fund may suspend redemptions, or postpone payment for more than seven days, as permitted by federal securities law. Under normal market conditions, the fund typically expects to satisfy redemption requests by using holdings of cash and cash equivalents or selling portfolio assets to generate cash. Under stressed market conditions, the fund may also satisfy redemption requests by borrowing under the fund’s lines of credit or interfund lending arrangements. For additional information regarding the fund’s lines of credit and interfund lending arrangements, please see the SAI.
To the extent consistent with applicable laws and regulations, the fund reserves the right to satisfy all or a portion of a redemption request by distributing securities or other property in lieu of cash (“in-kind” redemptions), under both normal and stressed market conditions. The fund generally expects to use in-kind redemptions only in stressed market conditions or stressed conditions specific to the fund, such as redemption requests that represent a large percentage of the fund’s net assets in order to minimize the effect of the large redemption on the fund and its remaining shareholders. The fund will not use in-kind redemptions for retail investors who hold shares of the fund through a financial intermediary. Any in-kind redemption will be effected through a pro rata distribution of all publicly traded portfolio securities or securities for which quoted bid prices are available, subject to certain exceptions. The securities distributed in an in-kind redemption will be valued in the same manner as they are valued for purposes of computing the fund’s net asset value. Once distributed in-kind to an investor, securities may increase or decrease in value before the investor is able to convert them into cash. Any transaction costs or other expenses involved in liquidating securities received in an in-kind redemption will be borne by the redeeming investor. The fund has committed, in connection with an election under Rule 18f-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, to pay all redemptions of fund shares by a single shareholder during any 90-day period in cash, up to the lesser of (i) $250,000 or (ii) 1% of the fund’s net assets measured as of the beginning of such 90-day period. For information regarding procedures for in-kind redemptions, please contact Putnam Retail Management. You will not receive interest on uncashed redemption checks.
18 Prospectus |
A liquidity fee will remain in effect until the Trustees, including a majority of the independent Trustees, determine that the liquidity fee is no longer in the best interests of the fund.
Any liquidity fees will reduce the amount you will receive upon the redemption of your shares, and generally will decrease the amount of any capital gain or increase the amount of any capital loss you will recognize with respect to the redemption. In the absence of further guidance, the fund expects to treat liquidity fees as reducing proceeds paid to shareholders in redemption of fund shares, and therefore potentially generating a tax loss for redeeming shareholders, but not constituting income to the fund.
The fund will notify shareholders of the imposition or termination of any liquidity fee on the fund’s website at putnam.com. Announcement of the imposition or termination of a liquidity fee will also be filed with the SEC on Form N-CR.
Policy on excessive short-term trading
Prospectus 19 |
Any fund into which you would like to exchange may also reject your exchange. These actions may apply to all shareholders or only to those shareholders whose exchanges Putnam Management determines are likely to have a negative effect on the fund or other Putnam funds. Consult Putnam Investor Services before requesting an exchange.
Distribution plans and payments to dealers
Putnam funds are distributed primarily through dealers (including any broker, dealer, bank, bank trust department, registered investment advisor, financial planner, retirement plan administrator, and any other institution having a selling, services, or any similar agreement with Putnam Retail Management or one of its affiliates). In order to pay for the marketing of fund shares and services provided to shareholders, the fund has adopted distribution and service (12b-1) plans, which increase the annual operating expenses you pay each year in certain share classes, as shown in the table of annual fund operating expenses in the section Fund summary — Fees and expenses. Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates also make additional payments to dealers that do not increase your fund expenses, as described below.
Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates also pay additional compensation to selected dealers in recognition of their marketing support and/or program servicing (each of which is described in more detail below). These payments may create an incentive for a dealer firm or its representatives to recommend or offer shares of the fund or other Putnam funds to its customers. These additional payments are made by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and do not increase the amount paid by you or the fund as shown under Fund summary — Fees and expenses.
The additional payments to dealers by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates are generally based on one or more of the following factors: average net assets of a fund attributable to that dealer, sales or net sales of a fund attributable to that dealer, or reimbursement of ticket charges (fees that a dealer firm charges its representatives for effecting transactions in fund shares), or on the basis of a negotiated lump sum payment for services provided.
Marketing support payments are generally available to most dealers engaging in significant sales of Putnam fund shares. These payments are individually negotiated with each dealer firm, taking into account the marketing support services provided
20 Prospectus |
by the dealer, including business planning assistance, educating dealer personnel about the Putnam funds and shareholder financial planning needs, placement on the dealer’s preferred or recommended fund company list, access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives of the dealer, market data, as well as the size of the dealer’s relationship with Putnam Retail Management. Although the total amount of marketing support payments made to dealers in any year may vary, on average, the aggregate payments are not expected, on an annual basis, to exceed 0.085% of the average net assets of Putnam’s retail mutual funds attributable to the dealers.
Program servicing payments, which are paid in some instances to dealers in connection with investments in the fund through dealer platforms and other investment programs, are not expected, with certain limited exceptions, to exceed 0.20% of the total assets in the program on an annual basis. These payments are made for program or platform services provided by the dealer, including shareholder recordkeeping, reporting, or transaction processing, as well as services rendered in connection with dealer platform development and maintenance, fund/investment selection and monitoring, or other similar services.
You can find a list of all dealers to which Putnam made marketing support and/or program servicing payments in 2023 in the SAI, which is on file with the SEC and is also available on Putnam’s website at putnam.com. You can also find other details in the SAI about the payments made by Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and the services provided by your dealer. Your dealer may charge you fees or commissions in addition to those disclosed in this prospectus. You can also ask your dealer about any payments it receives from Putnam Retail Management and its affiliates and any services your dealer provides, as well as about fees and/or commissions it charges.
Fund distributions and taxes
The fund declares a distribution daily of all its net income. The fund normally distributes any net investment income monthly. You may choose to reinvest distributions from net investment income in additional shares of your fund or other Putnam funds, or you may receive them in cash in the form of a check or an electronic deposit to your bank account. If you do not select an option when you open your account, all distributions will be reinvested. If you choose to receive distributions
Prospectus 21 |
in cash, but correspondence from the fund or Putnam Investor Services is returned as “undeliverable,” the distribution option on your account may be converted to reinvest future distributions in the fund. You will not receive interest on uncashed distribution checks.
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of net investment income are generally taxable to you as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the fund owned (or is deemed to have owned) the investments that generated them, rather than by how long you have owned (or are deemed to have owned) your shares. Distributions that the fund properly reports to you as gains from investments that the fund owned for more than one year are generally taxable to you as long-term capital gains includible in net capital gain and taxed to individuals at reduced rates. Distributions of gains from investments that the fund owned for one year or less are generally taxable to you as ordinary income. Distributions are taxable in the manner described in this paragraph whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares of this fund or other Putnam funds.
Distributions by the fund to retirement plans that qualify for tax-advantaged treatment under federal income tax laws will not be taxable. Special tax rules apply to investments through such plans. You should consult your tax advisor to determine the suitability of the fund as an investment through such a plan and the tax treatment of distributions (including distributions of amounts attributable to an investment in the fund) from such a plan.
The fund’s investments in certain debt obligations may cause the fund to recognize taxable income in excess of the cash generated by such obligations. Thus, the fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments, including when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements.
The fund’s investments in foreign securities, if any, may be subject to foreign withholding or other taxes. In that case, the fund’s return on those investments would be decreased. Shareholders generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to these foreign taxes.
Any gain resulting from the sale or exchange of your shares generally also will be subject to tax.
The above is a general summary of the tax implications of investing in the fund. Please refer to the SAI for further details. You should consult your tax advisor for more information on your own tax situation, including possible foreign, state and local taxes.
Information about the Summary Prospectus, Prospectus, and SAI
The summary prospectus, prospectus, and SAI for a fund provide information concerning the fund. The summary prospectus, prospectus, and SAI are updated at least annually and any information provided in a summary prospectus, prospectus, or SAI can be changed without a shareholder vote unless specifically stated otherwise.
22 Prospectus |
The summary prospectus, prospectus, and the SAI are not contracts between the fund and its shareholders and do not give rise to any contractual rights or obligations or any shareholder rights other than any rights conferred explicitly by federal or state securities laws that may not be waived.
Financial highlights
The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand the fund’s recent financial performance. Certain information reflects financial results for a single fund share. The total returns represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. The financial highlights have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. The Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s report and the fund’s financial statements are included in the fund’s annual report to shareholders, which is available upon request.
Prospectus 23 |
Financial highlights
(For a common
share outstanding throughout the period)
INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | LESS DISTRIBUTIONS | RATIOS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA | ||||||||||||||||||||
Period ended | Net asset value, beginning of period | Net investment income (loss) | Net realized gain (loss) on investments | Total from investment operations | From net investment income |
Total distributions |
Net asset value, end of period | Total return at net asset value (%) a | Net assets, end of period (in thousands) | Ratio of expenses to average net assets (%) b | Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets (%) | |||||||||||
Class A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2023 | $1.00 | .0436 | — | .0436 | (.0436) | (.0436) | $1.00 | 4.45 | $789,193 | .47 | 4.37 | |||||||||||
September 30, 2022 | 1.00 | .0056 | — | .0056 | (.0057) | (.0057) | 1.00 | .57 | 744,273 | .31 c,d | .56 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2021 | 1.00 | .0001 | — e | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | 1.00 | .01 | 713,140 | .13 c | .01 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | 1.00 | .0072 | — e | .0072 | (.0072) | (.0072) | 1.00 | .72 | 805,153 | .41 c | .68 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2019 | 1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | 1.00 | 2.05 | 702,331 | .48 | 2.03 | |||||||||||
Class B | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2023 | $1.00 | .0436 | — | .0436 | (.0436) | (.0436) | $1.00 | 4.45 | $587 | .47 | 4.20 | |||||||||||
September 30, 2022 | 1.00 | .0056 | — | .0056 | (.0057) | (.0057) | 1.00 | .57 | 1,458 | .31 c,d | .41 c,f | |||||||||||
September 30, 2021 | 1.00 | .0001 | — e | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | 1.00 | .01 | 2,659 | .13 c | .01 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | 1.00 | .0072 | — e | .0072 | (.0072) | (.0072) | 1.00 | .72 | 4,022 | .41 c | .60 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2019 | 1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | 1.00 | 2.05 | 3,044 | .48 | 2.04 | |||||||||||
Class C | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2023 | $1.00 | .0436 | — | .0436 | (.0436) | (.0436) | $1.00 | 4.45 | $17,067 | .47 | 4.26 | |||||||||||
September 30, 2022 | 1.00 | .0056 | — | .0056 | (.0057) | (.0057) | 1.00 | .57 | 27,343 | .31 c,d | .81 c,f | |||||||||||
September 30, 2021 | 1.00 | .0001 | — e | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | 1.00 | .01 | 14,613 | .13 c | .01 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | 1.00 | .0072 | — e | .0072 | (.0072) | (.0072) | 1.00 | .72 | 26,051 | .41 c | .51 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2019 | 1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | 1.00 | 2.05 | 16,076 | .48 | 2.03 | |||||||||||
Class R | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2023 | $1.00 | .0436 | — | .0436 | (.0436) | (.0436) | $1.00 | 4.45 | $4,354 | .47 | 4.34 | |||||||||||
September 30, 2022 | 1.00 | .0056 | — | .0056 | (.0057) | (.0057) | 1.00 | .57 | 4,745 | .31 c,d | .52 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2021 | 1.00 | .0001 | — e | .0001 | (.0001) | (.0001) | 1.00 | .01 | 5,807 | .13 c | .01 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2020 | 1.00 | .0072 | — e | .0072 | (.0072) | (.0072) | 1.00 | .72 | 8,084 | .41 c | .65 c | |||||||||||
September 30, 2019 | 1.00 | .0203 | — | .0203 | (.0203) | (.0203) | 1.00 | 2.05 | 5,605 | .48 | 2.02 |
a | Total return assumes dividend reinvestment and does not reflect the effect of sales charges. |
b | Includes amounts paid through expense offset and/or brokerage/service arrangements, if any. Also excludes acquired fund fees and expenses, if any. |
c | Reflects a voluntary waiver of certain fund expenses in effect during the period relating to the enhancement of certain annualized net yields of the fund. As a result of such waivers, the expenses of each class reflect a reduction of the following amounts as a percentage of average net assets: |
9/30/22 | 9/30/21 | 9/30/20 | |
Class A | 0.16% | 0.33% | 0.06% |
Class B | 0.16 | 0.33 | 0.06 |
Class C | 0.16 | 0.33 | 0.06 |
Class R | 0.16 | 0.33 | 0.06 |
d | Includes one-time proxy cost of 0.01%. |
e | Amount represents less than $0.0001 per share. |
f | The net investment income ratio for the period ending may not correspond with the expected class differences for the period due to the timing of subscriptions into the class or redemptions out of the class. |
24 Prospectus | Prospectus 25 |
Appendix
Financial intermediary specific sales charge waiver information
As described in the prospectus, class A, B and C shares may be subject to a CDSC if purchased by exchange from another Putnam fund. Certain financial intermediaries may waive the CDSC in certain circumstances. This Appendix details the variations in sales charge waivers by financial intermediary. Not all financial intermediaries specify financial intermediary-specific sales charge waiver categories for every share class. You should consult your financial representative for assistance in determining whether you may qualify for a particular sales charge waiver.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL
Class A Shares Front-End Sales Charge Waivers Available at Ameriprise Financial:
The following information applies to class A share purchases if you have an account with or otherwise purchase fund shares through Ameriprise Financial:
Shareholders purchasing fund shares through an Ameriprise Financial account are eligible for the following front-end sales charge waivers, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this fund’s prospectus or SAI:
26 Prospectus |
D.A. DAVIDSON & CO. (“D.A. DAVIDSON”)
Shareholders purchasing fund shares including existing fund shareholders through a D.A. Davidson platform or account, or through an introducing broker-dealer or independent registered investment advisor for which D.A. Davidson provides trade execution, clearance, and/or custody services, will be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or SAI.
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available at D.A. Davidson
CDSC Waivers on Classes A and C shares available at D.A. Davidson
Front-end sales charge discounts available at D.A. Davidson: breakpoints, rights of accumulation and/or letters of intent
Prospectus 27 |
EDWARD D. JONES & CO., L.P. (“EDWARD JONES”)
Policies Regarding Transactions Through Edward Jones
The following information has been provided by Edward Jones:
Effective on or after January 1st, 2024, the following information supersedes prior information with respect to transactions and positions held in fund shares through an Edward Jones system. Clients of Edward Jones (also referred to as “shareholders”) purchasing fund shares on the Edward Jones commission and fee-based platforms are eligible only for the following sales charge discounts (also referred to as “breakpoints”) and waivers, which can differ from discounts and waivers described elsewhere in the mutual fund prospectus or statement of additional information (“SAI”) or through another broker-dealer. In all instances, it is the shareholder’s responsibility to inform Edward Jones at the time of purchase of any relationship, holdings of the Putnam funds, or other facts qualifying the purchaser for discounts or waivers. Edward Jones can ask for documentation of such circumstance. Shareholders should contact Edward Jones if they have questions regarding their eligibility for these discounts and waivers.
Breakpoints
Rights of Accumulation (“ROA”)
Letter of Intent (“LOI”)
28 Prospectus |
that the shareholder intends to buy over a 13-month period to calculate the front-end sales charge and any breakpoint discounts. Each purchase the shareholder makes during that 13-month period will receive the sales charge and breakpoint discount that applies to the total amount. The inclusion of eligible fund family assets in the LOI calculation is dependent on the shareholder notifying Edward Jones of such assets at the time of calculation. Purchases made before the LOI is received by Edward Jones are not adjusted under the LOI and will not reduce the sales charge previously paid. Sales charges will be adjusted if LOI is not met.
Sales Charge Waivers
Sales charges are waived for the following shareholders and in the following situations:
— | The redemption and repurchase occur in the same account. |
— | The redemption proceeds are used to process an: IRA contribution, excess contributions, conversion, recharacterizing of contributions, or distribution, and the repurchase is done in an account within the same pricing groups for ROA. |
Prospectus 29 |
Contingent Deferred Sales Charge (“CDSC”) Waivers
If the shareholder purchases shares that are subject to a CDSC and those shares are redeemed before the CDSC is expired, the shareholder is responsible to pay the CDSC except in the following conditions:
Other Important Information Regarding Transactions Through Edward Jones
Minimum Purchase Amounts
Minimum Balances
— | A fee-based account held on an Edward Jones platform |
— | A 529 account held on an Edward Jones platform |
— | An account with an active systematic investment plan or LOI |
Exchanging Share Classes
J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC
Effective September 29, 2023, if you purchase or hold fund shares through an applicable J.P. Morgan Securities LLC brokerage account, you will be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”), or back-end sales charge, waivers), share class conversion policy and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this fund’s prospectus or Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
30 Prospectus |
Front-end sales charge waivers on Class A shares available at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
Class C to Class A share conversion
A shareholder in the fund’s Class C shares will have their shares converted to Class A shares (or the appropriate share class) of the same fund if the shares are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conversion is consistent with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC’s policies and procedures.
CDSC waivers on Class A and C Shares available at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
Front-end load discounts available at J.P. Morgan Securities LLC: breakpoints, rights of accumulation & letters of intent
Prospectus 31 |
JANNEY MONTGOMERY SCOTT LLC (“JANNEY”)
Effective May 1, 2020, if you purchase fund shares through a Janney brokerage account, you will be eligible for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”), or back-end sales charge, waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this fund’s Prospectus or SAI.
Front-end sales charge* waivers on Class A shares available at Janney
CDSC waivers on Class A and C shares available at Janney
32 Prospectus |
Front-end sales charge* discounts available at Janney: breakpoints, rights of accumulation, and/or letters of intent
* | Also referred to as an “initial sales charge.” |
MERRILL LYNCH
Shareholders purchasing fund shares through a Merrill Lynch platform or account held at Merrill Lynch will be eligible only for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in the fund’s prospectus or SAI. It is your responsibility to notify your financial representative at the time of purchase of any relationship or other facts qualifying you for sales charge waivers or discounts.
Front-end Sales Charge Waivers on Class A Shares available through Merrill Lynch
Prospectus 33 |
CDSC Waivers on A, B and C Shares available through Merrill Lynch
Front-end Sales Charge Discounts available through Merrill Lynch: Breakpoints, Rights of Accumulation & Letters of Intent
34 Prospectus |
MORGAN STANLEY WEALTH MANAGEMENT
Effective July 1, 2018, shareholders purchasing fund shares through a Morgan Stanley Wealth Management transactional brokerage account will be eligible only for the following front-end sales charge waivers with respect to class A shares, which may differ from and may be more limited than those disclosed elsewhere in this fund’s Prospectus or SAI.
Front-end Sales Charge Waivers on class A Shares available at Morgan Stanley Wealth Management:
OPPENHEIMER & CO. INC. (“OPCO”)
Effective September 1, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through an OPCO platform or account are eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this Fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-end Sales Load Waivers on Class A Shares available at OPCO
Prospectus 35 |
CDSC Waivers on A, B and C Shares available at OPCO
Front-end Sales Charge Discounts Available at OPCO: Breakpoints & Rights of Accumulation
RAYMOND JAMES & ASSOCIATES, INC., RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. AND EACH ENTITY’S AFFILIATES (“RAYMOND JAMES”)
Effective March 1, 2019, shareholders purchasing fund shares through a Raymond James platform or account, or through an introducing broker-dealer or independent registered investment adviser for which Raymond James provides trade execution, clearance, and/or custody services, will be eligible only for the following load waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and contingent deferred, or back-end, sales charge waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this fund’s prospectus or SAI.
Front-end sales load waivers on Class A shares available at Raymond James
36 Prospectus |
CDSC Waivers on Classes A, B and C shares available at Raymond James
Front-end load discounts available at Raymond James: breakpoints, rights of accumulation, and/or letters of intent
ROBERT W. BAIRD & CO. (“BAIRD”)
Effective September 1, 2020, shareholders purchasing fund shares through a Baird brokerage account will only be eligible for the following sales charge waivers (front-end sales charge waivers and CDSC waivers) and discounts, which may differ from those disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus or the SAI.
Prospectus 37 |
Front-End Sales Charge Waivers on Class A shares Available at Baird
CDSC Waivers on Class A and C shares Available at Baird
Front-End Sales Charge Discounts Available at Baird: Breakpoints and/or Rights of Accumulation
STIFEL, NICOLAUS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED (“STIFEL”)
Effective September 1, 2020, shareholders purchasing Fund shares through a Stifel platform or account or who own shares for which Stifel or an affiliate is the broker-dealer of record are eligible for the following additional sales charge waiver.
38 Prospectus |
Front-end Sales Charge Waiver on Class A Shares
Class C shares that have been held for more than seven (7) years will be converted to Class A shares of the same Fund pursuant to Stifel’s policies and procedures. All other sales charge waivers and reductions described elsewhere in this prospectus or SAI will continue to apply for eligible shareholders.
Class A Sales Charge Waivers Available Only Through Specified Intermediaries
As described in the prospectus, class A shares may be purchased at net asset value without payment of a sales charge through a broker-dealer, financial institution, or financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with Putnam Retail Management to offer shares through a retail self-directed brokerage account with or without the imposition of a transaction fee.
The following intermediaries have entered into such an agreement:
National
Financial Services LLC
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
TD
Ameritrade, Inc. and TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.
Morgan Stanley Smith
Barney LLC
Interactive Brokers LLC
Vanguard Marketing Corporation
Citigroup Global Markets Inc.
E*Trade Securities LLC
Prospectus 39 |
For
more information about
Putnam Money Market Fund
The fund’s SAI and annual and semiannual reports to shareholders include additional information about the fund. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this prospectus, which means it is part of this prospectus for legal purposes. The fund’s annual report discusses the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. You may get free copies of these materials, request other information about any Putnam fund, or make shareholder inquiries, by contacting your financial representative, by visiting Putnam’s website at putnam.com/individual, or by calling Putnam toll-free at 1-800-225-1581. You may access reports and other information about the fund on the EDGAR Database on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may get copies of this information, with payment of a duplication fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: [email protected]. You may need to refer to the fund’s file number.
Putnam
Investments
100 Federal Street
Boston, MA 02110
1-800-225-1581
Address correspondence to:
Putnam
Investments
P.O. Box 219697
Kansas City, MO 64121-9697
putnam.com
File No. 811-02608 | SP62 336143 1/24 |